A wind turbine generator testing device and control system

Abstract

The application discloses a kind of full wind generator testing device and control system, it is related to wind power generation technical field.The wind generator and motor are included, motor is connected with wind generator by fixed magnetic gap permanent magnet speed regulator, wind generator is installed on rotating mechanism, rotating mechanism side is provided with the drive motor for driving rotating mechanism rotation;It also includes the rotating speed sensor and generator power measuring device for testing the rotating speed and power of wind generator, it also includes the wind speed and direction sensor for testing wind direction, wind speed and direction sensor are set to the side of wind generator.The application can detect the power generation of wind generator in real time, adjust the wind angle of wind generator and blade according to the output power of generator, so that the power generation is stably controlled within the normal load range of wind generator;Further, wind generator can achieve the operating state of small wind small generation and full generation in strong wind.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of wind power generation technology, specifically to a wind turbine generator and its control system. Background Technology

[0002] Wind power generation is one of the most promising power generation methods in the field of new energy. Wind turbines are the core equipment for converting wind energy into electrical energy, and their performance directly determines the overall efficiency and stability of wind power generation.

[0003] In existing technologies, small wind turbines, such as small horizontal axis wind turbines, generate varying amounts of power during operation due to different wind speeds. Since the wind turbine and its blades are fixed in orientation, they cannot adjust their windward direction based on real-time wind speed and direction. When the wind speed is low and the blades are not facing the wind, the power generation is low, reducing the utilization of wind energy and indirectly lowering the power generation efficiency. When the wind speed is high and the blades are facing the wind, the power generation exceeds its normal load, which can easily lead to power generation system failures and malfunctions.

[0004] To prevent wind turbines from overloading their power output, the existing technology, patent number CN105245085A, discloses a fixed-gap permanent magnet speed controller. This fixed-gap permanent magnet speed controller, in conjunction with a motor, reduces the shaft speed of the wind turbine. While this adjustment mode can reduce the problem of wind turbines running at excessive speeds in high winds, it cannot adjust the orientation of the wind turbine blades. In low-wind-speed power generation environments, there is still room for improvement in the power output of such small horizontal-axis wind turbines. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of this invention is to provide a wind turbine generator device and control system that can detect the power generation of the wind turbine generator in real time and adjust the wind turbine generator and the windward angle of the blades according to the generator output power, so as to solve the problem mentioned in the background that the existing technology cannot adjust the windward direction to improve power generation efficiency when the wind speed is low.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution: a wind turbine generator testing device and control system, comprising a wind turbine generator and a motor, wherein the motor is connected to the wind turbine generator through a fixed magnetic gap permanent magnet speed regulator, the wind turbine generator is mounted on a rotating mechanism, and a drive motor for driving the rotating mechanism to rotate is provided on one side of the rotating mechanism; it also includes a speed sensor and a generator dynamometer for testing (detecting) the speed and power of the wind turbine generator, the speed sensor is mounted on the input shaft side of the wind turbine generator, the generator dynamometer is mounted on the output end of the wind turbine generator shaft, and further includes a wind speed and wind direction sensor for testing (detecting) the wind direction, the wind speed and wind direction sensor being provided on one side of the wind turbine generator.

[0007] Preferably, the rotating mechanism includes a fixed seat, the top of which is provided with an annular guide rail, and a rotating seat located above the fixed seat, the bottom of which is fixedly connected to a guide rail slider that cooperates with the annular guide rail.

[0008] Preferably, the wind turbine is a horizontal axis wind turbine, whose blades are connected to the generator shaft via a hub, and is installed and fixed on the top of the wind turbine support. The bottom of the wind turbine support is fixedly connected to the rotating seat of the rotating mechanism.

[0009] Preferably, a gear ring is fixed on the top of the rotating seat and arranged coaxially with the annular guide rail. The power output shaft of the drive motor is connected to a worm gear through a coupling. A worm wheel is fitted on the worm gear, and a gear that meshes with the gear ring is fixed coaxially on the worm wheel.

[0010] Preferably, the speed sensor is any one of a Hall effect speed sensor, a photoelectric speed sensor, or a magnetoelectric speed sensor, and is installed on the input shaft side of the wind turbine.

[0011] Preferably, the generator dynamometer is either an eddy current dynamometer or an electric dynamometer, and the generator dynamometer is installed at the output end of the wind turbine shaft.

[0012] Preferably, it also includes a background control and display system. The fixed magnetic gap permanent magnet speed controller is electrically connected to the background control and display system through a permanent magnet speed controller. The motor, speed sensor, generator dynamometer, and wind speed and direction sensors are respectively electrically connected to the background control and display system.

[0013] Preferably, the background control and display system adopts a PLC or an industrial control computer.

[0014] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are: 1. This invention relates to a wind turbine testing (detection) device and control system. The device uses a rotating mechanism to drive the wind turbine to adjust its windward angle in real time. Combined with wind speed and direction sensors to detect wind direction, it enables automatic adaptation detection under all wind directions. This allows for real-time calculation of the wind turbine's output power. If the wind turbine's windward angle matches the incoming wind direction but does not reach full power generation, it can maintain that angle for continuous operation. If the wind direction changes during the process, feedback from the wind speed and direction sensors is used to control the wind turbine's windward angle in real time via a background control and display system, ensuring maximum power generation efficiency even at non-full power. If the wind turbine's windward angle matches the incoming wind direction but the power generation exceeds the wind turbine's normal power generation range, the wind turbine's windward angle is adjusted to reduce the power load and stabilize the output power within the rated range, ensuring safe power generation and preventing equipment damage. In the event of extreme weather, regardless of the direction of the wind turbine blades, the power output will exceed the maximum rated power of the wind turbine. In this case, the back-end control and display system will control the motor to drive the fixed-gap permanent magnet speed governor to reduce the wind turbine's speed, ensuring that the wind turbine does not overspeed under any wind speed. This allows the wind turbine to operate at low power output in light winds and full power output in strong winds.

[0015] 2. This invention, through the transmission structure of worm gear and gear ring gear, can achieve smooth high torque drive, and at the same time has the ability to lock position. After adjustment, the angle is stable and will not be deviated by external force interference, effectively ensuring the stability of wind power generation.

[0016] 3. In this invention, the rotating mechanism for adjusting the wind turbine's angle of attack is located at the bottom of the wind turbine support, which facilitates inspection and maintenance by maintenance personnel. Maintenance personnel do not need to climb onto the wind turbine support; the rotating mechanism can be inspected from the ground, improving operational safety and maintenance efficiency. At the same time, the rotating mechanism's location at the bottom of the wind turbine support effectively lowers the overall center of gravity of the wind turbine, improving the overall stability of the power generation device.

[0017] 4. This invention centrally processes various types of detection data through a background control and display system, automatically completing the entire process of wind direction identification, angle adjustment, and performance parameter acquisition and calculation, resulting in a high degree of automation in detection. Attached Figure Description

[0018] Figure 1 This is a diagram showing the arrangement of the rotating mechanism of the present invention; Figure 2 For the present invention Figure 1 Enlarged view of part A in the image; Figure 3 This is a diagram showing the relationship between the control system of the present invention.

[0019] In the picture: 1-Wind turbine generator, 11-Wind turbine support, 12-Gear ring, 13-Gear, 141-Rotating seat, 142-Fixed seat, 143-Annular guide rail, 144-Guide rail slider, 2-Motor, 21-Worm, 22-Worm wheel, 3-Permanent magnet speed controller, 31-Fixed magnetic gap permanent magnet speed controller, 4-Speed ​​sensor, 5-Generator dynamometer, 7-Wind speed and direction sensor, 8-Back-end control and display system, 9-Drive motor. Detailed Implementation

[0020] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0021] like Figures 1 to 3 As shown, a wind turbine generator testing device includes a wind turbine generator 1 and a motor 2. The motor 2 is connected to the wind turbine generator 1 through a fixed magnetic gap permanent magnet speed regulator 31. The wind turbine generator 1 is mounted on a rotating mechanism. The device also includes a drive motor 9 for driving the rotating mechanism to rotate. It also includes a speed sensor 4 and a generator dynamometer 5 for detecting the speed and power of the wind turbine generator 1. The speed sensor 4 is mounted on the input shaft side of the wind turbine generator 1, and the generator dynamometer 5 is mounted on the output end of the wind turbine generator shaft. The device also includes a wind speed and wind direction sensor 7 for detecting the wind direction. The wind speed and wind direction sensor (7) is located on one side of the wind turbine generator (1). The specific installation position is selected adaptively according to the actual installation requirements, such as for mounting on the outside of the protective shell of the wind turbine generator (1).

[0022] In this embodiment, the magnetic gap permanent magnet speed regulator 31 is existing technology, and its specific structure and principle can be found in the technical solution disclosed in patent number CN105245085A. Applying the fixed magnetic gap permanent magnet speed regulator to the power transmission system of a wind turbine can automatically adjust the generator speed according to different wind speeds, ensuring that the wind turbine 1 does not overspeed regardless of the wind speed.

[0023] In one specific embodiment, the rotating mechanism includes a fixed base 142 fixed relative to an external mounting foundation. An annular guide rail 143 is provided on the top of the fixed base 142. It also includes a rotating seat 141 located above the fixed base 142. A guide rail slider 144, which mates with the annular guide rail 143, is fixedly connected to the bottom of the rotating seat 141. The rotating seat 141 is slidably connected to the annular guide rail 143 via the guide rail slider 144, thereby achieving stable rotation of the rotating seat 141 on the fixed base 142. The rotational fit between the guide rail slider 144 and the annular guide rail 143 is more stable than that formed by a bearing housing.

[0024] In this embodiment, the wind turbine generator 1 is specifically a small horizontal axis wind turbine generator. Its blades are connected to the generator shaft through a hub and are installed and fixed on the top of the wind turbine support 11. The bottom of the wind turbine support 11 is fixedly connected to the rotating seat 141 of the rotating mechanism, and can rotate synchronously with the rotating mechanism to change the windward angle of the whole machine, adapt to the power generation needs of winds from different directions, and meet the power generation conditions in all wind directions.

[0025] In this embodiment, the wind turbine support column 11 is a hollow metal tube, and the hollow space inside the wind turbine support column 11 is used for power distribution wiring. The rotating mechanism for adjusting the windward angle of the wind turbine generator 1 is located at the bottom of the wind turbine support column 11, which is beneficial for later inspection and maintenance by maintenance personnel. Maintenance personnel do not need to climb onto the wind turbine support column 11; the rotating mechanism can be inspected and maintained on the ground, which improves work safety and maintenance efficiency.

[0026] Specifically, in this embodiment, a gear ring 12 coaxially arranged with the annular guide rail 143 is fixed on the top of the rotating seat 141. The power output shaft of the drive motor 9 is connected to a worm gear 21 via a coupling. A worm wheel 22 is fitted on the worm gear 21, and a gear 13 coaxially fixed on the worm wheel 22, meshing with the gear ring 12. In this embodiment, the drive motor 9 is fixed on an external mounting base, and the worm gear 21 and worm wheel 22 are mounted on the external base via bearing seats.

[0027] When the drive motor 9 starts working, its output power drives the worm 21 to rotate via the coupling. The worm 21 drives the meshing worm wheel 22 to rotate, and the worm wheel 22 drives the coaxial gear 13 to rotate synchronously. The gear 13 can then drive the rotating seat 141 to rotate along the annular guide rail 143 through meshing with the gear ring 12, thereby changing the windward angle of the wind turbine generator 1. The worm and worm wheel structure itself has the characteristics of speed reduction and torque increase and self-locking. It can not only meet the needs of high torque drive of the rotating seat and wind turbine generator to rotate smoothly, but also lock the position of the rotating seat after rotation to prevent it from being affected by external forces and causing angular deviation, thus ensuring the stability of the windward angle during power generation.

[0028] In this embodiment, the speed sensor 4 is any one of Hall effect speed sensor, photoelectric speed sensor, or magnetoelectric (magnetoresistive) speed sensor, and is installed on the input shaft side of the wind turbine generator 1 to collect the speed data of the wind turbine generator shaft in real time, thereby realizing real-time monitoring of the speed data.

[0029] In this embodiment, the generator dynamometer 5 is either an eddy current dynamometer or an electric dynamometer. The generator dynamometer 5 is installed at the output end of the wind turbine shaft and is used to measure the output torque and output power of the wind turbine under the current operating conditions in real time for testing (detection) and analysis.

[0030] The wind speed and direction sensor 7 is used to detect the actual wind direction in the environment in real time. The wind speed and direction sensor 7 preferably adopts an ultrasonic wind direction sensor, which outputs wind speed and direction at the same time and is resistant to harsh environments.

[0031] Furthermore, in this embodiment, the fan support column 11 is configured as multiple segments that are slidably connected to each other. The fan support column 11 also contains a drive device for extending and retracting the multiple segments. Taking a two-segment fan support column 11 as an example: the lower fan support column 11 is fixed to the external mounting base, while the upper fan support column 11 is slidably disposed inside the lower fan support column 11. The drive device preferably uses a lead screw motor, with the lead screw motor and corresponding lead screw fixed to the inner wall of the lower fan support column 11. The lead screw slider, which cooperates with the lead screw, is connected to the upper fan support column 11. Of course, in this embodiment, the drive device includes, but is not limited to, the lead screw motor drive method, and also includes any linear drive method such as an electric actuator, cylinder, or hydraulic cylinder. The telescopic design of the wind turbine support column 11 achieves the following beneficial effects: 1. It can adjust the working height of the wind turbine generator 1, and the higher the height of the wind turbine generator 1 during power generation, the higher the power generation efficiency; 2. It can avoid some obstacles according to the actual installation terrain; 3. It facilitates maintenance by later maintenance personnel, reduces the working height, and improves the safety of operation.

[0032] A wind turbine test and control system includes a background control and display system 8. The motor control system 8 preferably adopts a PLC or industrial control computer, including the controller itself and an adapted display. The fixed magnetic gap permanent magnet speed regulator 31 is electrically connected to the background control and display system 8 through the permanent magnet speed regulator 3. The motor 2, speed sensor 4, generator dynamometer 5, and wind speed and direction sensors 7 are respectively electrically connected to the background control and display system 8. The background control and display system 8 can synchronously receive various test (detection) data transmitted from the speed sensor, generator dynamometer, wind speed, and wind direction sensors, store, analyze, and visualize the data, and output control commands to the drive motor 9 according to the preset test (detection) program to adjust the rotation angle of the rotating seat, thereby realizing automatic adjustment of the windward angle to meet the power generation needs under different wind direction conditions.

[0033] During the test (inspection) process, the background control and display system 8 first receives the real-time wind direction data transmitted by the wind speed and wind direction sensors 7, and then outputs a rotation command to the drive motor 9 to control the drive motor 9 to rotate according to the preset parameters. Through the transmission of the worm gear and gear ring, the rotating seat is driven to rotate until the wind turbine's windward angle matches the wind direction, completing the angle adjustment. Then, the power generation performance test (inspection) under the corresponding wind direction can be carried out. Based on the speed and torque measured by the speed sensor 4 and the generator dynamometer 5, the background control and display system 8 calculates the real-time power of the wind turbine 1.

[0034] If the wind turbine's angle of attack matches the direction of the wind, but it cannot generate full power, it can maintain that angle to continue generating power. If the wind direction changes during the process, the wind speed and wind direction sensors 7 detect the change in wind direction signal in real time, and the background control and display system 8 controls the wind turbine's angle of attack in real time to ensure maximum power generation efficiency in non-full power conditions.

[0035] If the wind turbine 1's angle of attack matches the direction of the wind, but the power generation exceeds the normal power generation range of the wind turbine 1, continuous operation under load may lead to power generation system failure. Therefore, the background control and display system 8 will control the drive motor 9 to drive the rotating seat 141 to deflect slightly, adjust the wind turbine 1's angle of attack, reduce the power generation load, stabilize the output power within the rated range, ensure the safety of the power generation process, and avoid equipment damage.

[0036] In the event of extreme weather, regardless of how the blade orientation of the wind turbine 1 changes, it will exceed the maximum rated power output of the wind turbine 1. At this time, the background control and display system 8 will control the motor 2 to drive the fixed magnetic gap permanent magnet speed regulator 31 to reduce the speed of the wind turbine 1, ensuring that the wind turbine 1 does not operate at overspeed regardless of the wind speed.

[0037] It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that the present invention is not limited to the details of the exemplary embodiments described above, and that the invention can be implemented in other specific forms without departing from its spirit or essential characteristics. Therefore, the embodiments should be considered in all respects as exemplary and non-limiting, and the scope of the invention is defined by the appended claims rather than the foregoing description. Thus, all variations falling within the meaning and scope of equivalents of the claims are intended to be included within the present invention. No reference numerals in the claims should be construed as limiting the scope of the claims.

Claims

1. A wind turbine generator testing device, comprising a wind turbine generator (1) and a motor (2), wherein the motor (2) is connected to the wind turbine generator (1) via a fixed magnetic gap permanent magnet speed regulator (31), characterized in that: The wind turbine (1) is mounted on a rotating mechanism, and a drive motor (9) for driving the rotating mechanism to rotate is provided on one side of the rotating mechanism; it also includes a speed sensor (4) and a generator dynamometer (5) for testing the speed and power of the wind turbine (1). The speed sensor (4) is mounted on the input shaft side of the wind turbine (1), and the generator dynamometer (5) is mounted on the output end of the wind turbine shaft. It also includes a wind speed and wind direction sensor (7) for testing the wind direction. The wind speed and wind direction sensor (7) is located on one side of the wind turbine (1).

2. The all-wind generator testing device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The rotating mechanism includes a fixed seat (142), the top of which is provided with an annular guide rail (143), and a rotating seat (141) located above the fixed seat (142). The bottom of the rotating seat (141) is fixedly connected with a guide rail slider (144) that cooperates with the annular guide rail (143).

3. The all-wind generator testing device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The wind turbine (1) is specifically a horizontal axis wind turbine, whose blades are connected to the generator shaft via a hub and are installed and fixed on the top of the wind turbine support (11). The bottom of the wind turbine support (11) is fixedly connected to the rotating seat (141) of the rotating mechanism.

4. The all-wind generator testing device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The top of the rotating seat (141) is fixed with a gear ring (12) arranged coaxially with the annular guide rail (143). The power output shaft of the drive motor (9) is connected to a worm (21) through a coupling. A worm wheel (22) is fitted on the worm (21). A gear (13) that meshes with the gear ring (12) is fixed coaxially on the worm wheel (22).

5. The all-wind generator testing device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The speed sensor (4) is any one of Hall effect speed sensor, photoelectric speed sensor, or magnetoelectric speed sensor, and is installed on the input shaft side of the wind turbine (1).

6. The all-wind generator testing device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The generator dynamometer (5) is either an eddy current dynamometer or an electric dynamometer, and is installed at the output end of the wind turbine shaft.

7. The all-wind generator testing device according to claim 3, characterized in that: The fan support column (11) is configured as multiple segments that slide and connect with each other. The fan support column (11) is also equipped with a drive device for driving the extension and retraction of the multiple segments of the fan support column (11).

8. A full-wind generator test control system, comprising the full-wind generator test device according to any one of claims 1-7, characterized in that: It also includes a background control and display system (8), a fixed magnetic gap permanent magnet speed regulator (31) is electrically connected to the background control and display system (8) through a permanent magnet speed controller (3), and a motor (2), a speed sensor (4), a generator dynamometer (5) and a wind speed and wind direction sensor (7) are electrically connected to the background control and display system (8) respectively. The background control and display system (8) is used to collect the detection feedback signals of each test. The fixed magnetic gap permanent magnet speed regulator (31) is used to control the magnetic gap permanent magnet speed regulator (31) to reduce the speed of the wind turbine generator (1). The motor (2) provides the rotational power of the rotating mechanism. The speed sensor (4) and the generator dynamometer (5) detect the speed and power of the wind turbine generator (1) in real time. The wind speed and wind direction sensor (7) detects the real-time wind direction.

9. A wind turbine test and control system according to claim 8, characterized in that: The background control and display system (8) adopts a PLC or industrial control computer.

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