Brake structure for wind power generation

Abstract

This invention belongs to the field of wind power generation technology and discloses a braking structure for wind power generation. When the electromagnetic brake in the wind turbine fails, this structure provides redundant braking assurance for the wind turbine, significantly reducing the risk of wind turbine failure. The invention includes a main shaft, one end of which is equipped with blades. An elastic membrane with its opening facing the blades and fitted behind them is used. Airflow first blows over the blades, causing the main shaft to rotate. The airflow passing over the blades then blows onto the open elastic membrane. Under the action of the airflow load, the elastic membrane stretches and moves along the airflow direction, transmitting the wind load to a connected slider. The slider moves synchronously along the main shaft away from the blades. A brake pad installed at the end of the slider axially away from the blades continuously approaches a brake disc that is axially fixed and circumferentially rotating at the other end of the main shaft. When the wind speed is high, the brake pad in the slider makes frictional contact with the brake disc, forming a braking function. No manual intervention or additional complex wind speed monitoring and triggering devices are required to activate the brake.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of wind power generation technology, specifically a braking structure for wind power generation. Background Technology

[0002] The braking structure in wind power generation refers to the device in a wind turbine generator set used to achieve safe stopping or deceleration. It typically consists of braking components, a brake frame, etc. Some dry electromagnetic brakes also have an automatic adjustment device for the brake clearance. This structure is designed to ensure that the wind turbine generator can quickly and smoothly decelerate and stop operation when it needs to stop or encounters an emergency. In wind power generation technology, wind typically blows large blades to rotate. One side of the blade is connected to a main shaft, which drives the main shaft to rotate. The main shaft is connected to the gearbox and generator (including stator and rotor structures) at the rear end. At the same time, an electromagnetic braking structure is usually installed inside the generator. When the wind speed is too high, the electromagnetic braking mechanism brakes the rotor (or main shaft) to prevent the wind turbine from being damaged due to stalling and instability.

[0003] Traditional mechanical braking structures for wind turbines are typically installed on the low-speed or high-speed shaft of the wind turbine generator set. They consist of a brake disc and hydraulic clamps arranged around it. Before braking, it is necessary to first check whether the wind turbine's casing, blades, tower, and rotor are intact or show any abnormalities. Simultaneously, to avoid braking current surges, the wind turbine's power supply must be cut off before braking. Before the braking mechanism performs its function, the wind speed must be confirmed: determine if the current wind speed reaches or exceeds the equipment's braking speed to ensure the necessity of braking. Furthermore, before braking, the wind turbine's speed must be gradually reduced to a suitable braking speed to minimize mechanical shock and wear during high-speed braking. When mechanical braking is required, the hydraulic clamps clamp the brake disc under hydraulic pressure, generating braking torque to stop the wind turbine generator set. During braking, the wind turbine's speed and status must be continuously monitored to ensure it has come to a complete stop. Once the wind turbine has stopped, the power supply must be cut off and the brake switch turned off.

[0004] However, existing braking devices are simple and rely on external triggering devices such as wind speed sensors and signal controllers for intervention. They cannot decelerate in advance before the triggering conditions are met. In the event of sudden strong winds and extreme conditions, traditional braking methods such as electromagnetic braking and increasing generator load lack the ability to respond to wind speed fluctuations in real time, and cannot respond accurately and effectively in real time, which poses a high threat to the safety and service life of wind turbines. Summary of the Invention

[0005] To address the aforementioned technical problems of existing electromagnetic brakes and generator load-lifting braking mechanisms, such as limited compatibility and slow response, this invention provides a real-time response mechanical braking structure for wind power generation.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution: a braking structure for wind power generation, comprising a main shaft, one end of which is provided with blades, and the other end of which is provided with a fixed shell, wherein a braking mechanism and a cooling mechanism are respectively provided between the blades and the fixed shell; The braking mechanism includes an elastic diaphragm, a slider, and a support ring. The slider is coaxially sleeved and slidably connected to the outside of the main shaft. The support ring is disposed between the slider and the blade. Several support rods are radially fixed inside the support ring. The support rods are fixed to the main shaft. The elastic diaphragm is disposed between the support ring and the slider. The cooling mechanism includes a collection box, a cooling pipe, a cooling tank, a sealing block, and a memory spring. The collection box and the cooling tank are connected through the cooling pipe. The sealing block is located at the inlet of the cooling pipe, and one side of the sealing block is fixedly connected to one end of the memory spring.

[0007] Preferably, the blade is fixedly connected to the outer surface of one end of the main shaft by a fixed shell. The gearbox and the motor are respectively installed inside the fixed shell. A fixed plate is fixedly connected to one side of the motor. The bottom surface of the fixed plate is connected to the inner wall of the fixed shell.

[0008] Preferably, a brake pad is provided at the end of the slider away from the blade, and the surface of the brake pad is rough. A brake disc is coaxially fixedly connected to the main shaft on the side of the slider away from the blade, and the brake disc rotates with the main shaft.

[0009] Preferably, the elastic membrane is arranged around the main shaft, with one end of the elastic membrane fixed to the support ring and the other end of the elastic membrane fixedly connected to the side wall of the slider, and the elastic membrane having an opening facing the blade direction.

[0010] Preferably, the elastic membrane is provided with a protective cover, an air inlet channel is provided on one side of the brake pad, and a cooling groove for installing cooling pipes is provided inside the brake pad.

[0011] Preferably, a return spring is fixedly connected between the slider and the support rod, and the return spring is arranged in a circular array with the axis of the main shaft as the center point.

[0012] Preferably, a fixing pad is fixedly connected to the surface of the slider, the collection box is fixedly connected to one side of the fixing pad, the cooling box is fixedly connected to the other side of the fixing pad, and a groove is provided inside the protective cover for installing the slider and the brake disc.

[0013] Preferably, the cooling pipe is installed inside the cooling tank, the sealing block is installed at the inlet of the cooling pipe where it enters the brake pad, the brake pad is also provided with a sliding groove for the sealing block to move, and the memory spring is made of memory metal.

[0014] Preferably, a filter plate is installed inside the collection box, and the surface of the filter plate has a plurality of filter holes for filtering rainwater, and the collection box is used to collect rainwater.

[0015] Preferably, the memory spring has a relatively long initial length and can push the sealing block to block the rainwater inlet. The brake pad has a wear limit, and the wear limit position will not hinder the movement structure of the sealing block.

[0016] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: This invention provides a braking structure for wind power generation. When the electromagnetic brake in the wind turbine fails, this structure provides redundant braking protection for the wind turbine, significantly reducing the risk of wind turbine failure. The device includes a main shaft with blades at one end. An elastic membrane with its opening facing the blades is fitted behind them. Airflow first blows over the blades, causing the main shaft to rotate. The airflow passing over the blades then blows onto the open elastic membrane. Under the load of the airflow, the elastic membrane stretches and moves along the airflow direction, transmitting the wind load to a connected slider. The slider moves synchronously along the main shaft away from the blades. A brake pad installed at the end of the slider axially away from the blades continuously approaches a brake disc that is axially fixed and circumferentially rotating at the other end of the main shaft. When the wind speed is high, the brake pad in the slider comes into frictional contact with the brake disc. The higher the wind speed, the greater the contact force between the brake pad and the brake disc, resulting in greater friction and braking force. During braking, the spring connecting the slider and the support rod is compressed and deformed. When the wind speed decreases, the load on the elastic membrane decreases. Simultaneously, the spring reaction force between the slider and the support rod pulls the slider and brake pad back along the main shaft, causing the brake pad to lose contact with the brake disc and releasing the brake. During mechanical braking and release, the elastic diaphragm can adaptively deform according to the wind load. The amount of stretching deformation of the elastic diaphragm is positively correlated with the load; the higher the wind speed, the greater the load on the elastic diaphragm, and the greater the stretching deformation. This results in a greater thrust of the brake pads in the slider onto the brake disc, leading to greater braking friction and effectiveness. The effect on the elastic diaphragm is reversed as the wind speed decreases. Therefore, the elastic diaphragm does not require manual intervention or additional complex wind speed monitoring and triggering devices to initiate braking. This achieves a high degree of correlation between braking and natural wind conditions, allowing the braking process to adaptively match the daily operation of the wind power generation unit. It can promptly mitigate the threat posed by excessively high wind speeds to the reliability and safety of the wind turbine, ensuring its safe and reliable operation.

[0017] This invention utilizes a cooling mechanism design. A blocking block is placed at the inlet of the cooling pipe into the brake pads. A groove is formed within the brake pads to allow the blocking block to move. A temperature memory spring made of shape memory metal is installed within the groove. The temperature memory spring has an initial length that pushes the blocking block to block the rainwater inlet. When the brake pads operate, they generate heat. When the temperature reaches the deformation temperature of the temperature memory spring, the spring shortens, pulling the blocking block to open the inlet. Rainwater then enters the cooling pipe to cool the brake pads. After the brake pads stop operating, the temperature memory spring returns to its initial length, and the blocking block continues to block the cooling pipe. This cooling structure effectively removes heat from the brake pads, reducing the heat transferred to the brake disc. This allows the brake disc to operate in a relatively stable temperature environment, maintaining its shape and mechanical properties, and ensuring stable and reliable braking operation every time it engages with the brake pads. Attached Figure Description

[0018] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention.

[0019] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram showing the overall breakdown of the present invention.

[0020] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the braking mechanism of the present invention.

[0021] Figure 4 This is a schematic cross-sectional view of the present invention.

[0022] Figure 5 for Figure 4 Enlarged view of point A in the middle.

[0023] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the cooling mechanism and braking mechanism of the present invention.

[0024] In the diagram: 1. Main shaft; 101. Gearbox; 102. Motor; 2. Blade; 3. Fixed housing; 4. Braking mechanism; 41. Elastic diaphragm; 42. Slider; 421. Brake pad; 422. Brake disc; 43. Support ring; 44. Support rod; 45. Return spring; 5. Cooling mechanism; 51. Collection box; 511. Filter plate; 52. Cooling pipe; 53. Cooling box; 54. Sealing block; 55. Memory spring; 6. Protective cover; 7. Fixing pad. Detailed Implementation

[0025] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0026] like Figures 1 to 6 As shown, the present invention provides a braking structure for wind power generation, including a main shaft 1, a blade 2 provided at one end of the main shaft 1, a fixed shell 3 provided at the other end of the main shaft 1, and a braking mechanism 4 and a cooling mechanism 5 respectively provided between the blade 2 and the fixed shell 3. The braking mechanism 4 includes an elastic diaphragm 41, a slider 42, and a support ring 43. The slider 42 is coaxially sleeved and slidably connected to the outside of the main shaft 1. The support ring 43 is disposed between the slider 42 and the blade 2. Several support rods 44 are radially fixed inside the support ring 43. The support rods 44 are fixed to the main shaft 1. The elastic diaphragm 41 is disposed between the support ring 43 and the slider 42. The cooling mechanism 5 includes a collection box 51, a cooling pipe 52, a cooling box 53, a sealing block 54, and a memory spring 55. The collection box 51 and the cooling box 53 are connected through the cooling pipe 52. The sealing block 54 is located at the inlet of the cooling pipe 52, and one side of the sealing block 54 is fixedly connected to one end of the memory spring 55.

[0027] In the above scheme: the main shaft 1 connects the blades 2 and the internal components of the fixed housing 3, and is a key component for power transmission. It transfers the mechanical energy generated by the rotation of the blades 2 under wind force to the gearbox 101, motor 102, etc. inside the fixed housing 3, thereby realizing the power generation function. At the same time, it is also the basic carrier for installing related components such as the braking mechanism 4 and the cooling mechanism 5, providing a support for their installation and coordinated operation. The blades 2 are the key structure for capturing wind energy in the entire wind power generation device. When the wind blows, the blades 2 are subjected to wind force and generate rotational motion, converting wind energy into mechanical energy, which in turn drives the main shaft 1 to rotate and start the subsequent power generation process. The elastic membrane 41 is open in the direction of the blades 2. The airflow blows the blades 2 to rotate, and at the same time, the airflow also blows towards the open elastic membrane. 41. The elastic membrane 41, due to its inherent elasticity, stretches under the influence of airflow, causing the slider 42 to move away from the blade 2. The end of the slider 42 away from the blade 2 has a brake pad 421 with a rough surface. Simultaneously, a brake disc 422 is coaxially fixed to the side of the slider 42 away from the blade 2. The brake disc 422 rotates with the main shaft 1. Driven by the airflow, the slider 42 moves towards the brake disc 422. When the wind speed is high, the brake pad 421 of the slider 42 directly contacts and rubs against the brake disc 422, thus mechanically braking the main shaft 1. The higher the wind speed, the tighter the contact between the brake pad 421 and the brake disc 422, resulting in greater friction and stronger braking force. The slider 42 and the support rod 44 are connected by a return spring 45. During braking, the spring is stretched. When the wind speed decreases, the spring returns to its original length, pulling the slider 42 away from the brake disc 422, ending the mechanical braking process. Utilizing the open shape of the elastic membrane 41, which allows it to be affected by airflow, the entire braking mechanism can automatically react according to wind speed. When the wind speed is high, the airflow acts on the elastic membrane 41, causing it to stretch, which in turn moves the slider 42 towards the brake disc 422 to achieve braking. No manual intervention or additional complex wind speed monitoring and triggering devices are needed to initiate braking. This achieves close integration with natural wind conditions, allowing the braking process to naturally blend into the daily operation of the wind power generation device. This enables the device to respond promptly to potential dangers caused by excessively high wind speeds, ensuring equipment safety. The stretching of the elastic membrane 41 drives the slider... 42 moves away from blade 2. This movement is a crucial preliminary action for the subsequent braking function. The deformation of the elastic membrane 41 transmits the wind force to the slider 42, allowing it to change position and prepare for contact with the brake disc 422. This enables the entire braking process to automatically initiate according to changes in wind conditions, ensuring the device can react promptly in situations requiring braking, such as abnormally high wind speeds. The slider 42 and support rod 44 are connected by a restoring spring 45. During braking, the slider 42 moves towards the brake disc 422, stretching the spring. When the wind speed decreases, the stretched spring retracts to its original length based on its elastic restoring force. This process pulls the slider 42 away from the brake disc 422.After the mechanical braking process ends, the return spring 45 plays a crucial reset role, ensuring that the entire braking mechanism 4 can quickly return to its initial state after a braking operation, preparing for the next possible braking situation. This allows for repeated braking operations, maintaining the continuity and reliability of the braking function of the entire wind power generation device. The cooling pipe 52 not only connects the collection box 51 and the brake pads 421, but also runs through the cooling box 53. It organically connects all parts of the cooling mechanism 5, enabling the components to work together to complete the cooling task of the brake pads 421, ensuring the continuity and integrity of the cooling process. It is an indispensable and important component for the normal operation of the cooling mechanism 5.

[0028] like Figures 2 to 5 As shown, blade 2 is fixedly connected to the outer surface of one end of main shaft 1 by a fixing sleeve. Gearbox 101 and motor 102 are respectively installed inside the fixing shell 3. A fixing plate is fixedly connected to one side of motor 102. The bottom surface of the fixing plate is connected to the inner wall of fixing shell 3. A brake pad 421 is provided at the end of slider 42 away from blade 2. The surface of brake pad 421 is rough. A brake disc 422 is coaxially fixedly connected to the main shaft 1 on the side of slider 42 away from blade 2. Brake disc 422 rotates with main shaft 1. Elastic membrane 41 is arranged around main shaft 1. One end of elastic membrane 41 is fixed to support ring 43. The other end of elastic membrane 41 is fixedly connected to the side wall of slider 42. Elastic membrane 41 is open in the direction of blade 2. A protective cover 6 is provided outside elastic membrane 41. An air inlet channel is opened on one side of brake pad 421. A cooling groove for installing cooling pipe 52 is opened inside brake pad 421.

[0029] The above solution is adopted: the outer wall of the elastic membrane 41 is also provided with a support rod A, which supports the protective cover 6 and the cooling mechanism 5, thereby ensuring the stability of the cooling mechanism 5 during installation.The elastic membrane 41 connects the slider 42 and the support ring 43. During braking, it is stretched as the slider 42 slides, serving to buffer and assist the movement of the slider 42. Its structural features also allow it to adapt to different degrees of sliding displacement of the slider 42, and it can, to a certain extent, use its own elasticity to help the slider 42 return to its original position (in conjunction with other return structures). The slider 42 can slide along the main shaft 1, causing the brake pads 421 to move closer to or further away from the brake disc 422 to achieve braking and releasing operations. On the other hand, it provides a mounting base for related components of the cooling mechanism 5 (such as the collection box 51, cooling box 53, etc.), thus integrating related structures. The support rod 44 inside the support ring 43 is radially fixed and connected to the main shaft. 1. The support ring 43 serves to position and support the elastic membrane 41, ensuring that the elastic membrane 41 has a stable fixed point at one end during operation. This allows the elastic membrane 41 to deform normally as the slider 42 slides, in conjunction with the braking action. A protective cover 6 is added to the outside of the elastic membrane 41 to reduce the impact of prolonged sun exposure. Since the brake pads 421 generate a lot of heat when rubbing against the brake disc 422, the air inlet channel can enhance heat dissipation. After the brake pads 421 generate heat during operation, when the temperature reaches the deformation temperature of the memory spring 55, the memory spring 55 can automatically shorten, pulling the sealing block 54 to move and open the inlet, allowing the collected rainwater to enter the cooling pipe 52 to cool the brake pads 421. However, this temperature-based automatic response mechanism ensures that the brake pads 421 will not overheat due to heat buildup from continuous operation. Overheating could lead to a decline in the material properties of the brake pads 421, such as changes in their coefficient of friction, deformation, or even accelerated aging. Precise temperature control effectively maintains the brake pads 421 in good performance condition, ensuring stable operation during each braking operation and providing reliable friction to achieve the braking function. The surface of the brake pads 421 at one end of the slider 42 is rough, while the brake disc 422, coaxially fixed on the main shaft 1, rotates with the main shaft 1. When the wind speed is high, the slider 42 is driven by the elastic membrane 41 to move towards the brake disc 422, causing the two... When the main shaft 1 comes into contact with the brake disc 422, the friction between the rough surface of the brake pad 421 and the brake disc 422 dissipates the mechanical energy of the main shaft 1 through frictional heat generation, thus effectively braking the main shaft 1. Furthermore, as the wind speed increases, the driving force from the elastic membrane 41 on the slider 42 also increases, making the contact between the brake pad 421 and the brake disc 422 tighter, increasing the friction and consequently increasing the braking force. This achieves an adaptive correlation between braking force and wind speed, ensuring reliable braking of the main shaft 1 and blades 2 under varying wind intensities, preventing damage to the device due to excessive wind speed, and guaranteeing the safe and stable operation of the wind power generation device. Stable support structure: Several support rods 44 are radially fixed inside the support ring 43. These support rods 44 are fixed to the main shaft 1. The support ring 43 as a whole plays a stable support role. For the elastic membrane 41, the support ring 43 is a reliable "foundation" for fixing one end of it, ensuring that the elastic membrane 41 always has a stable point of force when subjected to airflow and the movement of the slider 42, and can stretch and recover in the expected way, thus ensuring the accuracy and reliability of force transmission of the elastic membrane 41 in the braking mechanism. Structural positioning guarantee: Through the fixed connection with the main shaft 1 and the positioning support of the elastic membrane 41, the support ring 43 and the support rod 44 jointly determine the relative positional relationship of each component of the braking mechanism 4, so that the slider 42 can slide along the main shaft 1 on the predetermined track, avoiding deviation, shaking and other situations that affect the braking effect, and laying a solid foundation for the stable operation of the entire braking mechanism 4.

[0030] like Figures 4 to 6 As shown, a return spring 45 is fixedly connected between the slider 42 and the support rod 44. The return spring 45 is arranged in a circular array with the axis of the main shaft 1 as the center point. A fixing pad 7 is fixedly connected to the surface of the slider 42. The collection box 51 is fixedly connected to one side of the fixing pad 7, and the cooling box 53 is fixedly connected to the other side of the fixing pad 7. A groove is opened inside the protective cover 6, and the groove is used to install the slider 42 and the brake disc 422. The cooling pipe 52 is installed inside the cooling tank, and the sealing block 54 is installed at the entrance of the cooling pipe 52 to the brake pad. At the inlet of 421, the brake pad 421 is also provided with a groove for the sealing block 54 to move. The memory spring 55 is made of memory metal. The inside of the collection box 51 is equipped with a filter plate 511. The surface of the filter plate 511 is provided with several filter holes for filtering rainwater. The collection box 51 is used to collect rainwater. The memory spring 55 has a relatively long initial length and can push the sealing block 54 to block the rainwater inlet. The brake pad 421 has a wear limit, and the wear limit position will not hinder the movement structure of the sealing block 54.

[0031] The above solution involves inserting a cooling pipe 52 inside the brake pad 421. Collected rainwater can flow through the cooling pipe 52 through the brake pad 421, water-cooling it and improving its cooling effect. Simultaneously, a cooling box 53, similar to a CPU water cooler, is located on the other side of the protective cover. After the rainwater flows through the brake pad 421 and absorbs heat, it flows into the cooling box 53 for further cooling and finally flows back to the collection box 51 for recycling. Furthermore, a sealing block 54 is installed at the inlet of the cooling pipe 52 into the brake pad 421. A sliding groove is provided inside the brake pad 421 for the sealing block 54 to move. An internal memory spring 55, made of shape memory metal, is installed. The memory spring 55 initially has a relatively long length. It pushes a sealing block 54 to block the rainwater inlet. When the brake pads 421 operate, they generate heat. When the temperature reaches the deformation temperature of the memory spring 55, it shortens, pulling the sealing block 54 to open the inlet. Rainwater then enters the cooling pipe 52 to cool the brake pads 421. After the brake pads 421 stop operating, the memory spring 55 returns to its initial length, and the sealing block 54 continues to block the cooling pipe 52. Because the brake disc 422 can operate under stable conditions, and the brake pads are in a well-ventilated state... The brake discs 422 and 421 work together, and key parameters such as the friction between them do not fluctuate due to abnormal temperature changes, thus improving the reliability of the entire braking system. This means that whether dealing with normal braking needs or in situations requiring frequent braking such as high wind speeds, the brake discs 422 and 421 can work in perfect harmony to accurately brake the main shaft 1, avoiding safety hazards such as brake failure caused by component overheating, and ensuring the safe and stable operation of the wind power generation device. The rough surface of the brake discs 421, when in contact with the brake discs 422 that rotate with the main shaft 1, relies on the friction between them to convert the mechanical energy of the main shaft 1's rotation into... Thermal energy is used to brake the main shaft 1 and blade 2, stopping their rotation. Return springs 45 (between slider 42 and support rod 44) ​​are arranged in a circular array around the axis of main shaft 1. Their main function is to assist slider 42 in returning to its initial position after braking, ensuring the braking mechanism 4 is ready for the next braking operation. The protective cover 6 is placed outside the elastic diaphragm 41, protecting the elastic diaphragm 41 and its internal structures from harsh external environments (such as wind, sand, and direct rain). Simultaneously, the grooves inside provide suitable installation space for slider 42 and brake disc 422, ensuring their normal operation. The collection box 51 is used to collect rainwater, and an internal filter plate 511 is installed to filter the rainwater, ensuring that the water entering the cooling pipe 52 is relatively clean. This prevents impurities from entering the cooling pipe 52 and the cooling groove inside the brake pad 421, causing blockages and other problems. This provides a water source for subsequent cooling of the brake pad 421. The cooling pipe 52 connects the collection box 51 and the cooling box 53, serving as a channel for rainwater to flow from the collection box 51 to the cooling groove of the brake pad 421. This transports the collected water to the brake pad 421 that needs cooling, thereby removing heat through heat transfer. The cooling box 53 can serve as an auxiliary structure. For example, after the rainwater flows through the brake pad 421 and cools it, some water may flow back to the cooling box 53 through the cooling pipe 52 (such a circulation loop or drainage design can be reasonably envisioned), serving functions such as temporary storage, regulating water flow, or auxiliary heat dissipation (the specifics depend on the detailed actual design). The sealing block 54 and the memory spring 55: Under the action of the memory spring 55, the sealing block 54 normally... The inlet of cooling pipe 52 is blocked to prevent rainwater from entering it at will. Only when the temperature of brake pad 421 rises to a certain level and the memory spring 55 contracts due to temperature changes will the inlet be opened to allow rainwater to enter the cooling pipe 52 to cool the brake pad 421. The two work together to realize the function of automatic control of the cooling process according to temperature, and precisely cool the brake pad 421 on demand. The memory spring 55 controls the movement of the blocking block 54 according to temperature changes, realizing an adaptive cooling method. Only when the temperature of brake pad 421 rises to the level that needs to be cooled will the inlet be opened to allow rainwater to enter, avoiding unnecessary waste of cooling resources. Compared with some methods that continuously open the cooling channel or use fixed time intervals for cooling, this on-demand cooling mechanism is more energy-efficient and efficient. At the same time, it can also ensure that rainwater resources are used rationally and effectively, so that the entire cooling system is closely matched with the actual working state of brake pad 421 and brake disc 422, and better serves the heat dissipation needs of brake components. Collection box 51: Collection box 51 is fixedly connected to one side of the fixing pad 7 of slider 42. Its main function is to collect rainwater. Rainfall is a common phenomenon in the natural environment. Collection box 51 is like a "rainwater storage tank" that can collect the rainwater and provide water for cooling brake pads 421. At the same time, a filter plate 511 is installed inside collection box 51. The surface of filter plate 511 has several filter holes. These filter holes can intercept impurities, mud and other particulate matter in rainwater, ensuring that the rainwater entering the cooling pipe 52 is relatively clean and preventing impurities from entering the cooling system and causing blockage. This ensures the smooth flow of the cooling channel and lays a good water quality foundation for the entire cooling process. By making reasonable use of the free water resource of natural rainfall, collection box 51 achieves effective collection and preliminary treatment of environmental resources. This reduces the dependence of the entire wind power generation device on external water supply systems and other additional resources in terms of cooling, reduces operating costs, and embodies the design concept of green environmental protection and sustainable resource utilization.

[0032] The working principle and usage process of this invention: When there is wind in the outside, the wind acts on the blade 2, and the blade 2 starts to rotate around the main shaft 1, which in turn drives the main shaft 1 to rotate. The rotation of the main shaft 1 will be transmitted to the gearbox 101 and motor 102 and other components in the fixed housing 3 (the motor 102 can be adapted to the appropriate speed through the gearbox 101 to generate electricity and perform subsequent operations), so that the entire wind power generation device starts to generate electricity normally. During this process, the braking mechanism 4 and the cooling mechanism 5 are in standby state and do not affect the normal rotation and power generation process. Meanwhile, if it rains, the rainwater will be collected by the collection box 51. The filter plate 511 installed in the collection box 51 will filter the rainwater and intercept impurities through the filter holes, so that the relatively clean rainwater will be temporarily stored in the collection box 51. During this process, the sealing block 54 at the inlet of the cooling pipe 52 is in the state of blocking the inlet under the action of the memory spring 55, so the rainwater will not enter the cooling pipe 52. When braking is required for the main shaft 1 and fan blades 2 due to extreme weather, equipment maintenance, or emergency stop due to malfunction, the elastic membrane 41 is open towards the blades 2. The airflow will cause the blades 2 to rotate, and at the same time, the airflow will also blow towards the open elastic membrane 41. Because the elastic membrane 41 has a certain elasticity, it will stretch itself under the drive of the airflow, causing the slider 42 to move away from the blades 2. Driven by the airflow, the slider 42 will move towards the brake disc 422. When the wind speed is high, the brake pad 421 of the slider 42 will directly contact and rub against the brake disc 422, thereby forming a mechanical braking operation on the main shaft 1. The higher the wind speed, the tighter the contact between the brake pad 421 and the brake disc 422, the greater the friction, and the greater the braking force. The slider 42 and the support rod 44 are connected by a return spring 45. When braking, the spring is stretched. When the wind speed decreases, the length of the spring will return, thereby pulling the slider 42 away from the brake disc 422 and ending the mechanical braking process. When the brake pads 421 generate heat during braking, and the temperature rises to a certain level, the memory spring 55 will deform due to the temperature change (the memory spring 55 is made of memory metal and is sensitive to temperature). The originally long initial length begins to shrink, no longer blocking the inlet of the cooling pipe 52. The filtered rainwater in the collection box 51 will then enter the cooling groove inside the brake pads 421 through the cooling pipe 52. The rainwater flows in the cooling groove and carries away the heat generated by friction in the brake pads 421 through heat transfer, cooling the brake pads 421 and ensuring that the brake pads 421 can maintain good performance and avoid the adverse effects of high temperature on the entire braking and power generation device. After cooling is completed, as the temperature of the brake pads 421 decreases, the memory spring 55 will return to its original state (if the temperature returns to the range that allows it to return to its original state), and push the sealing block 54 to block the inlet of the cooling pipe 52 again.

[0033] In a specific embodiment of this application, the memory spring 55 is a temperature memory spring.

[0034] It should be noted that, in this document, relational terms such as "first" and "second" are used only to distinguish one entity or operation from another, and do not necessarily require or imply any such actual relationship or order between these entities or operations. Furthermore, the terms "comprising," "including," or any other variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements includes not only those elements but also other elements not expressly listed, or elements inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus.

[0035] Although embodiments of the invention have been shown and described, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, the scope of which is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A braking structure for wind power generation, comprising a main shaft (1), characterized in that: One end of the main shaft (1) is provided with a blade (2), and the other end of the main shaft (1) is provided with a fixed shell (3). A braking mechanism (4) and a cooling mechanism (5) are respectively provided between the blade (2) and the fixed shell (3). The braking mechanism (4) includes an elastic membrane (41), a slider (42), and a support ring (43). The slider (42) is coaxially sleeved and slidably connected to the outside of the main shaft (1). The support ring (43) is disposed between the slider (42) and the blade (2). Several support rods (44) are radially fixed inside the support ring (43). The support rods (44) are fixed to the main shaft (1). The elastic membrane (41) is disposed between the support ring (43) and the slider (42). The cooling mechanism (5) includes a collection box (51), a cooling pipe (52), a cooling tank (53), a sealing block (54), and a memory spring (55). The collection box (51) and the cooling tank (53) are connected through the cooling pipe (52). The sealing block (54) is located at the inlet of the cooling pipe (52), and one side of the sealing block (54) is fixedly connected to one end of the memory spring (55).

2. The braking structure for wind power generation according to claim 1, characterized in that: The blade (2) is fixedly connected to the outer surface of one end of the main shaft (1) by a fixing sleeve. The gearbox (101) and the motor (102) are respectively installed inside the fixing shell (3). A fixing plate is fixedly connected to one side of the motor (102), and the bottom surface of the fixing plate is connected to the inner wall of the fixing shell (3).

3. The braking structure for wind power generation according to claim 1, characterized in that: A brake pad (421) is provided at the end of the slider (42) away from the blade (2), and the surface of the brake pad (421) is rough. A brake disc (422) is coaxially fixedly connected to the main shaft (1) on the side of the slider (42) away from the blade (2), and the brake disc (422) rotates with the main shaft (1).

4. The braking structure for wind power generation according to claim 1, characterized in that: The elastic membrane (41) is arranged around the main shaft (1), and one end of the elastic membrane (41) is fixed to the support ring (43), and the other end of the elastic membrane (41) is fixedly connected to the side wall of the slider (42). The elastic membrane (41) is open in the direction of the blade (2).

5. The braking structure for wind power generation according to claim 3, characterized in that: The elastic membrane (41) is provided with a protective cover (6), and an air inlet channel is provided on one side of the brake pad (421). A cooling groove for installing a cooling pipe (52) is provided inside the brake pad (421).

6. The braking structure for wind power generation according to claim 1, characterized in that: A return spring (45) is fixedly connected between the slider (42) and the support rod (44), and the return spring (45) is arranged in a circular array with the axis of the main shaft (1) as the center point.

7. The braking structure for wind power generation according to claim 5, characterized in that: The surface of the slider (42) is fixedly connected to a fixing pad (7), the collection box (51) is fixedly connected to one side of the fixing pad (7), the cooling box (53) is fixedly connected to the other side of the fixing pad (7), and the inside of the protective cover (6) is provided with a groove, which is used to install the slider (42) and the brake disc (422).

8. The braking structure for wind power generation according to claim 1, characterized in that: The cooling pipe (52) is installed inside the cooling tank, the sealing block (54) is installed at the inlet of the cooling pipe (52) into the brake pad (421), the brake pad (421) is also provided with a sliding groove for the sealing block (54) to move, and the memory spring (55) is made of memory metal.

9. The braking structure for wind power generation according to claim 8, characterized in that: The collection box (51) is equipped with a filter plate (511) inside. The surface of the filter plate (511) has a number of filter holes for filtering rainwater. The collection box (51) is used to collect rainwater.

10. The braking structure for wind power generation according to claim 3, characterized in that: The memory spring (55) has a relatively long initial length and can push the sealing block (54) to block the rainwater inlet. The brake pad (421) has a wear limit and the wear limit position will not hinder the movement structure of the sealing block (54).

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