High-stability multidirectional vibration isolator

Abstract

The application belongs to the technical field of structural vibration control devices, and discloses a high-stability multidirectional vibration isolator. The vibration isolator comprises horizontally arranged upper and lower steel plates, a spiral spring fixed between the upper and lower steel plates, a threaded sleeve and a viscoelastic damping block. The threaded sleeve is rigidly connected to the upper and lower steel plates and located outside the spiral spring. The viscoelastic damping block is arranged in the spiral spring and fixed below the upper steel plate and above the lower steel plate. The viscoelastic damping block is a curved surface. The application improves the vertical vibration isolation effect and displacement control capacity of the spring vibration isolator, makes up for the horizontal vibration isolation defects caused by the insufficient lateral stability of the spring vibration isolator, increases the application scenarios of the spring vibration isolator, and does not excessively increase the implementation complexity, thereby facilitating application.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of structural vibration control device technology, specifically to a highly stable multidirectional vibration isolator. Background Technology

[0002] Structural vibration isolation is an effective technical measure to reduce the vibration of structures (buildings, transportation, machinery, etc.), which can consume or isolate vibration energy by setting up vibration isolation devices. In the field of vibration control, especially in building vibration, lateral vibration isolation is relatively easy to achieve, but vertical vibration isolation has always faced the problem of balancing isolation stiffness and load-bearing capacity. Spring vibration isolators have a clear working mechanism and can effectively reduce vertical vibration isolation stiffness, and are considered a flexible and convenient vibration isolation device. However, traditional spring vibration isolators often achieve good vibration isolation effects while accompanied by large vertical displacement, which is unacceptable in many application scenarios. In addition, although spring vibration isolators can also play a certain role in horizontal vibration isolation in principle, they are prone to swaying effects due to lateral vibration. When the lateral displacement reaches its limit, they may even overturn. Therefore, spring vibration isolators are generally used as unidirectional vibration isolators, which greatly limits their application. In summary, the limitations of spring vibration isolators are mainly twofold: large vertical displacement and unstable lateral deformation. The industry's strategies for addressing these issues mainly include: combining spring isolators with damping elements to reduce excessive displacement deformation by adding damping to dissipate energy; and setting up limiting devices to reduce the risk of overturning. Commonly used damping elements include viscous damping and viscoelastic damping. Viscous damping materials are mostly fluids, requiring the design of matching containers to ensure sufficient sealing to prevent leakage. Viscoelastic damping materials are mostly solid damping layers, eliminating sealing issues. Under external forces, they exhibit both elastic and viscous mechanical properties, providing high damping and a certain stiffness over a wide frequency range. In practical applications, viscoelastic damping elements are mainly designed as shear mechanisms, dissipating energy through shear deformation. However, although viscoelastic damping elements theoretically have excellent shear energy dissipation, the adhesion between these materials and the substrate is prone to tearing and detachment under large or long-term displacement deformation, leading to mechanism failure. In addition, existing combinations of spring isolators and damping elements are often complex or increase the size of the device, increasing the difficulty of manufacturing, installation, and use. Summary of the Invention

[0003] The purpose of this invention is to address the shortcomings of existing technologies by providing a highly stable multidirectional vibration isolator. Through mechanism design and by combining viscoelastic damping energy dissipation characteristics, it improves the vertical vibration isolation effect and displacement control capability of spring vibration isolators, compensates for the horizontal vibration isolation defects caused by insufficient lateral stability, expands the application scenarios of spring vibration isolators, and does not increase the implementation complexity, making it convenient to use.

[0004] The technical solution of the present invention is as follows: A high-stability multi-directional vibration isolator includes a horizontally arranged upper steel plate, a lower steel plate, a helical spring fixed between the upper steel plate and the lower steel plate, a threaded sleeve, and a viscoelastic damping block; the threaded sleeve is rigidly connected to the upper steel plate and the lower steel plate respectively, and is located outside the helical spring; the viscoelastic damping block is placed inside the helical spring and is fixed below the upper steel plate and above the lower steel plate respectively; the viscoelastic damping block is a curved surface.

[0005] The viscoelastic damping block is divided into an upper viscoelastic damping block and a lower viscoelastic damping block; the upper viscoelastic damping block has a convex surface, and the lower viscoelastic damping block has a concave surface. The two shapes match and they come into contact and fit together under load.

[0006] The upper viscoelastic damping block surface is a single-segment surface or a multi-segment wavy surface.

[0007] The surface of the lower viscoelastic damping block is a single-segment surface or a multi-segment wavy surface.

[0008] There is a displacement space between the upper and lower viscoelastic damping blocks, which serves as the sinking displacement of the device under static load.

[0009] The maximum displacement space after static load application satisfies the condition that the lowest point of the upper viscoelastic damping block surface is lower than the highest point of the lower viscoelastic damping block surface.

[0010] The inner thread of the threaded sleeve is screwed onto the outer side of the contacting helical spring.

[0011] The upper and lower steel plates are provided with grooves at the interface with the viscoelastic damping block.

[0012] The upper curved surface viscoelastic damping block and the lower curved surface viscoelastic damping block are vulcanized into a whole with the upper steel plate and the lower steel plate at the interface.

[0013] The beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are specifically reflected in the following aspects: (1) The device of the present invention can both isolate and reduce vibration in the vertical direction, which can effectively improve the vertical vibration control effect. Based on the spring vibration isolator, the added viscoelastic damping block has a large damping ratio, which enables the device to both isolate and reduce vibration. In addition, the viscoelastic damping material is easier to process, and its shape is stable and controllable. There is no sealing problem, which makes it easy to apply.

[0014] (2) The device of the present invention can more effectively control vertical displacement while ensuring vertical vibration isolation. The device of the present invention adopts a multi-stage working mechanism of collision and compression in the vertical direction: the static load is mainly borne by the helical spring; under dynamic load, the vertical deformation of the device increases, and the upper and lower viscoelastic damping blocks produce soft collisions, dissipating energy; and during the displacement development process, compression deformation occurs, dissipating energy. This working mechanism also avoids the problem of easy shear layer detachment failure of viscoelastic damping structure. At the same time, the contact between the upper and lower viscoelastic damping blocks will generate a certain stiffness, limiting excessive vertical displacement.

[0015] (3) The device of the present invention can improve the horizontal vibration isolation defect caused by the insufficient lateral stability of traditional spring vibration isolators. Spring vibration isolators are prone to swaying effect due to lateral vibration. When the lateral displacement reaches the limit, they may even overturn. Therefore, spring vibration isolators are generally used as unidirectional vibration isolators, which greatly limits their application. In the device of the present invention, the curved surface design of the upper and lower viscoelastic damping blocks enables the device to achieve collision, compression and friction energy dissipation mechanisms while undergoing horizontal deformation under horizontal vibration, thus dissipating vibration energy. At the same time, under horizontal deformation, the upper and lower viscoelastic damping blocks in contact with each other can provide additional stiffness, enhance the overall lateral stiffness, and ensure stability.

[0016] (4) The device of the present invention has a simple and clear design. By adding fewer components, it can construct a multi-stage working mechanism and achieve multiple functions at the same time. It is convenient to use and easy to promote. Attached Figure Description

[0017] Figure 1 This is a cross-sectional view of the device of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of a viscoelastic damping block consisting of multiple wavy surfaces.

[0018] In the diagram: 1-Upper steel plate; 2-Lower steel plate; 3-Helical spring; 4-Threaded sleeve; 5-Upper viscoelastic damping block; 6-Lower viscoelastic damping block. Detailed Implementation

[0019] The technical solution of the present invention will be described in detail below, but the scope of protection of the present invention is not limited to the embodiments described.

[0020] Example: Figure 1 As shown, a high-stability multi-directional vibration isolator includes a horizontally arranged upper steel plate 1 and lower steel plate 2, a helical spring 3 fixed between the upper steel plate 1 and the lower steel plate 2, a threaded sleeve 4 rigidly connected to the outer side of the helical spring 3, and viscoelastic damping blocks placed inside the helical spring 3 and respectively fixed to the lower and lower steel plates, namely upper viscoelastic damping block 5 and lower viscoelastic damping block 6, both of which are curved surfaces.

[0021] The helical spring 3 is screwed into the threaded sleeve 4. The lower end of the threaded sleeve 4 can have a certain length, which serves as a lateral limit.

[0022] Grooves are provided at the connection points between the upper steel plate 1 and the lower steel plate 2 and the upper viscoelastic damping block 5 and the lower viscoelastic damping block 6, respectively, to ensure effective vulcanization connection between the viscoelastic damping block and the upper steel plate 1 and the lower steel plate 2.

[0023] The upper viscoelastic damping block 5 can be considered an incomplete sphere with a convex lower surface, which can be a single-segment or multi-segment wavy surface. The lower viscoelastic damping block 6 has a concave surface, which can also be a single-segment or multi-segment wavy surface. The surface shapes of the upper and lower viscoelastic damping blocks 5 and 6 should be designed to ensure that they can interlock as a whole under load, thus creating sufficient overlapping contact surfaces to achieve optimal energy dissipation from collision, compression, and friction, and to provide additional stiffness. A certain displacement space d should also be left between the upper and lower viscoelastic damping blocks 5 and 6 as the device's sinking displacement under static load. The displacement space d is determined by the maximum allowable vertical displacement, vertical stiffness, etc., and should not be less than the static load displacement. Furthermore, the maximum displacement space after static load should ensure that the lowest point of the upper viscoelastic damping block 5 surface is lower than the highest point of the lower viscoelastic damping block 6 surface. The specific gap value should be calculated and determined in conjunction with the excitation characteristics and the requirements of the controlled structure.

[0024] The working principle of the device in this embodiment includes the following aspects: Vertical: The vertical static load is mainly borne by the helical spring 3, which generates a corresponding vertical displacement. At this time, there is a small displacement space between the upper viscoelastic damping block 5 and the lower viscoelastic damping block 6. Under dynamic load, the vertical deformation of the device increases, and the upper viscoelastic damping block 5 and the lower viscoelastic damping block 6 undergo soft collision, dissipating energy. During the displacement development process, compression deformation occurs, further dissipating energy. This working mechanism avoids the problem of easy shear layer separation failure in viscoelastic damping structures. At the same time, the contact between the upper viscoelastic damping block 5 and the lower viscoelastic damping block 6 will generate a certain stiffness, which supplements the spring stiffness and limits excessive vertical displacement. Moreover, this limiting method is more gentle, avoiding excessive reaction force generated by hard limiting.

[0025] In the horizontal direction: Under horizontal vibration, the upper and lower parts of the device will have relative displacement; under small vibration, horizontal vibration isolation is achieved by the small lateral stiffness of the helical spring 3; under large vibration, the upper viscoelastic damping block 5 and the lower viscoelastic damping block 6 will repeatedly come into contact. During this process, the contact surfaces of the two will collide, rub, and squeeze, continuously consuming energy and weakening the vibration. At the same time, the contact between the two can generate additional stiffness, which can reinforce the lateral stiffness of the helical spring 3, prevent it from deforming too much laterally under large vibration, and reduce the occurrence of problems such as swaying or even overturning.

[0026] The working principle of the designed device fully demonstrates its ability to achieve multi-directional vibration control and high stability. It can also construct a bidirectional, multi-stage working mechanism by adding fewer components, achieving multiple functions at the same time, making it convenient to apply and easy to promote.

Claims

1. A highly stable multi-directional vibration isolator, characterized in that, It includes a horizontally arranged upper steel plate (1), a lower steel plate (2), a helical spring (3) fixed between the upper steel plate (1) and the lower steel plate (2), a threaded sleeve (4), and a viscoelastic damping block; the threaded sleeve (4) is rigidly connected to the upper steel plate (1) and the lower steel plate (2) respectively, and is located outside the helical spring (3); the viscoelastic damping block is placed inside the helical spring (3) and is fixed below the upper steel plate (1) and above the lower steel plate (2) respectively; the viscoelastic damping block is a curved surface.

2. The high-stability multi-directional vibration isolator according to claim 1, characterized in that, The viscoelastic damping block is divided into an upper viscoelastic damping block (5) and a lower viscoelastic damping block (6). The upper viscoelastic damping block (5) has a convex surface, and the lower viscoelastic damping block (6) has a concave surface. The two are in the same shape and come into contact and fit together under load.

3. The high-stability multi-directional vibration isolator according to claim 2, characterized in that, The surface of the upper viscoelastic damping block (5) is a single-segment surface or a multi-segment wavy surface.

4. The high-stability multi-directional vibration isolator according to claim 2, characterized in that, The surface of the lower viscoelastic damping block (6) is a single-segment surface or a multi-segment wavy surface.

5. The high-stability multi-directional vibration isolator according to claim 2, characterized in that, There is a displacement space between the upper viscoelastic damping block (5) and the lower viscoelastic damping block (6) to serve as the device's sinking displacement under static load.

6. The high-stability multi-directional vibration isolator according to claim 5, characterized in that, The maximum value of the displacement space after static load is satisfied that the lowest point of the upper viscoelastic damping block (5) surface is lower than the highest point of the lower viscoelastic damping block (6) surface.

7. The high-stability multi-directional vibration isolator according to claim 1, characterized in that, The inner thread of the threaded sleeve (4) is screwed onto the outer side of the contacting helical spring (3).

8. The high-stability multi-directional vibration isolator according to claim 1, characterized in that, The upper steel plate (1) and the lower steel plate (2) are provided with grooves at the interface with the viscoelastic damping block.

9. The high-stability multi-directional vibration isolator according to claim 8, characterized in that, The upper curved surface viscoelastic damping block (5) and the lower curved surface viscoelastic damping block (6) are vulcanized into a whole with the upper steel plate (1) and the lower steel plate (2) at the interface.

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