A multi-mode temperature control method and device based on a photovoltaic-air source composite heat pump system

Abstract

The application discloses a multi-mode temperature control method and equipment based on a photovoltaic-air source composite heat pump system, relates to the field of load heat pump temperature control, and first designs the photovoltaic-air source composite heat pump system, two sets of energy storage heat exchangers in the photovoltaic-air source composite heat pump system are used in cooperation with a PVT heat collection unit and an air source heat pump unit. In heating, the system is adaptively switched between double low-temperature heat storage, low-temperature heat storage-medium-temperature heat storage, double medium-temperature heat storage, double medium-temperature heating, double low-temperature heating and double low-temperature coupled air source heat pump heating modes. In cooling, the system is switched between double heat pump cold storage, double heat exchanger cooling and double energy storage heat exchanger coupled air source heat pump cooling modes. When heating and cooling are needed, a single heat storage-single cold storage mode is executed. Through wide-temperature-range energy storage regulation, the application realizes complementary utilization of solar energy and air energy and step-by-step storage of cold and heat, reduces energy storage cost and optimizes the energy allocation mode.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of load heat pump temperature control, and in particular to a multi-mode temperature control method and device based on a photovoltaic-air source composite heat pump system. Background Technology

[0002] With the increasing building area in rural areas, building energy consumption accounts for approximately 18% of total building energy consumption. Among this, air conditioning and heating energy consumption has become the main source of energy consumption as people's living standards improve, leading to a significant increase in peak electricity load and electricity consumption in rural areas during both winter and summer. Rural areas possess favorable spatial and physical conditions for promoting solar photovoltaic / solar thermal and air source heat pumps, making them an important pathway to achieving energy conservation and low carbon emissions in rural areas.

[0003] In some cases, there are difficulties in directly promoting solar photovoltaic / solar thermal and air source technologies in rural areas: (1) Solar energy and air source energy are unstable and have poor reliability; (2) The working and rest patterns and lifestyles of rural residents make the heating and cooling needs of rural buildings inconsistent with or even contradict the time distribution of solar energy and air source energy, such as when the solar radiation intensity is high and the outdoor temperature is high in winter, residents go out to work; (3) Photovoltaic power generation and residential air conditioning electricity consumption often put pressure on the grid dispatch; (4) Energy storage technology is expensive and often has certain safety issues; (5) Rural residents have a weak economic foundation, and inefficient single air source heat pump heating is not only unreliable but also has high energy consumption costs, often requiring local government subsidies, which puts a burden on rural residents with relatively weak economic foundations and local governments, and has poor sustainability.

[0004] In summary, existing PVT-air source heat pump systems suffer from problems such as energy supply and demand mismatch due to fluctuations in solar and air energy, a single system operation mode, low energy utilization efficiency, and high energy storage costs when providing heating or cooling. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of this application is to provide a multi-mode temperature control method and device based on a photovoltaic-air source composite heat pump system, which can realize the complementary utilization of solar energy and air energy and the cascade storage of heat and cold, reduce energy storage costs, and optimize energy allocation.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, this application provides the following solution: In a first aspect, this application provides a multi-mode temperature control method based on a photovoltaic-air source composite heat pump system, wherein the photovoltaic-air source composite heat pump system includes: a first energy storage heat exchanger, a second energy storage heat exchanger, a PVT heat collection unit, an air source heat pump unit, and a user unit, and the method includes: When users require heating: When solar heating is not needed and the temperatures of the heat storage materials in both the first and second heat storage exchangers are below the mid-winter temperature, the photovoltaic-air source composite heat pump system executes a dual-path low-temperature heat storage mode. This dual-path low-temperature heat storage mode includes: both the first and second heat storage exchangers pump their internal refrigerant into the PVT collector unit; the PVT collector unit performs solar heat exchange on the refrigerant and then pumps it back to the first and second heat storage exchangers, completing a dual-path solar heat exchange low-temperature heat storage cycle. When solar heating is not needed and the temperature of the heat storage material in the first heat storage exchanger is below a preset temperature... When the temperature of the heat storage material in the second energy storage heat exchanger is higher than the mid-temperature temperature in winter, the photovoltaic-air source composite heat pump system executes a low-temperature heat storage-mid-temperature heat storage mode. The low-temperature heat storage-mid-temperature heat storage mode is as follows: the first energy storage heat exchanger pumps its internal refrigerant into the PVT heat collector unit, and the second energy storage heat exchanger pumps its internal refrigerant into the air source heat pump unit; the PVT heat collector unit performs solar heat exchange on the refrigerant and then pumps it back to the first energy storage heat exchanger, completing a single-path solar heat exchange low-temperature heat storage cycle; the air source heat pump unit uses the electrical energy generated by the PVT heat collector unit and the grid power supply as driving power to drive the heat pump to heat the refrigerant. Afterwards, the refrigerant is pumped back to the second energy storage heat exchanger, completing a single-path heat pump heating medium-temperature heat storage cycle. When solar heating is required and the temperature of the heat storage materials in the first and second energy storage heat exchangers is greater than or equal to the winter medium-temperature temperature, the photovoltaic-air source composite heat pump system executes a dual-path medium-temperature heat storage mode. The dual-path medium-temperature heat storage mode is as follows: the first and second energy storage heat exchangers pump the internal refrigerant into the air source heat pump unit. The air source heat pump unit uses the electrical energy generated by the PVT collector unit and the grid power supply as driving power to drive the heat pump to heat the refrigerant, completing a dual-path heat pump heating medium-temperature heat storage cycle. When solar heating is required and the first... When the temperatures of the heat storage materials in both the first and second heat storage heat exchangers are greater than or equal to the winter mid-temperature temperature, the photovoltaic-air source composite heat pump system executes a dual-path mid-temperature heating mode. This dual-path mid-temperature heating mode includes: both the first and second heat storage heat exchangers pump their internal refrigerant into the user unit; after heat exchange in the user unit, the refrigerant is pumped back to the first and second heat storage heat exchangers, completing the dual-path mid-temperature heating cycle. When solar heating is required and the temperatures of the heat storage materials in both the first and second heat storage heat exchangers are lower than the winter mid-temperature temperature, the photovoltaic-air source composite heat pump system executes a dual-path low-temperature heating mode.The dual-path medium-temperature heating mode includes: both the first and second energy storage heat exchangers pump their internal refrigerant into the air source heat pump unit; after heat exchange with the refrigerant in the air source heat pump unit, the refrigerant is pumped back to the first and second energy storage heat exchangers; the heat released by the energy storage heat exchangers is upgraded by the heat pump and then exchanged with the refrigerant from the user unit, after which the refrigerant is pumped back to the user unit, completing the dual-path low-temperature heating cycle; when solar heating is required and the temperature of the heat storage materials in both the first and second energy storage heat exchangers is lower than the winter low-temperature temperature, the photovoltaic-air source composite heat pump system executes dual-path low-temperature coupling. The dual-path low-temperature coupled air source heat pump heating mode includes: both the first and second energy storage heat exchangers pump their internal refrigerant into the air source heat pump unit; after heat exchange with the refrigerant by the air source heat pump unit, the refrigerant is pumped back to the first and second energy storage heat exchangers; the air source heat pump unit extracts heat from the air; the first and second energy storage heat exchangers release heat; the heat extracted from the air by the air source heat pump unit is upgraded by the heat pump and then exchanged with the refrigerant from the user unit; the refrigerant is then pumped back to the user unit, completing the dual-path low-temperature coupled air source heat pump heating cycle; When users require cooling: When solar cooling is needed and the heat storage material is below the mid-summer temperature, the photovoltaic-air source composite heat pump system executes a dual-path heat pump cold storage mode. This dual-path heat pump cold storage mode includes: the first and second energy storage heat exchangers pumping their internal refrigerant into the air source heat pump unit; the air source heat pump unit using the electricity generated by the PVT collector unit and grid power as driving energy to perform heat pump cooling on the refrigerant, completing the dual-path heat pump cold storage cycle. When cooling is needed and the heat storage material in the first and second energy storage heat exchangers is below the mid-summer temperature, the photovoltaic-air source composite heat pump system executes a dual-path heat storage cooling mode. This dual-path heat storage cooling mode includes: the first and second energy storage heat exchangers pumping their internal refrigerant into the user unit. After exchanging heat with the user unit, the refrigerant is pumped back to the first and second energy storage heat exchangers, completing a dual-path heat storage heat exchanger cooling cycle. When cooling is required and the temperatures of the heat storage materials in both the first and second energy storage heat exchangers are greater than or equal to the mid-summer temperature, the photovoltaic-air source composite heat pump system executes a dual-path heat storage heat exchanger coupled with an air source heat pump cooling mode. The dual-path heat storage heat exchanger coupled with an air source heat pump cooling mode includes: the air source heat pump unit operates in cooling mode; both the first and second energy storage heat exchangers pump their internal refrigerant into the air source heat pump unit; after heat exchange with the refrigerant in the air source heat pump unit, the refrigerant is pumped back to the user unit, and then pumped back to the first and second energy storage heat exchangers, completing the dual-path heat storage heat exchanger coupled with an air source heat pump cooling mode. When users require both hot water and cooling simultaneously: the photovoltaic-air source composite heat pump system executes a single-path heat storage-single-path cold storage mode; the single-path heat storage-single-path cold storage mode includes: selecting the second energy storage heat exchanger to pump the internal refrigerant into the air source heat pump unit, the air source heat pump unit using the electrical energy generated by the PVT collector unit and the grid power supply as driving power to perform heat pump cooling on the refrigerant, completing a single-path heat pump cold storage cycle; selecting the first energy storage heat exchanger to pump the internal refrigerant into the PVT collector unit, the PVT collector unit performing solar heat exchange on the refrigerant and then pumping it back to the first energy storage heat exchanger, the first energy storage heat exchanger heating the internal heat storage material through refrigerant heat exchange for user use; the heat storage materials of both the first and second energy storage heat exchangers are wide-temperature-range low-temperature phase change materials.

[0007] In a second aspect, this application also provides a computer device, including: a memory, a processor, and a computer program stored in the memory and executable on the processor, wherein the processor executes the computer program to implement the multi-mode temperature control method and device based on a photovoltaic-air source composite heat pump system as described in the first aspect.

[0008] According to the specific embodiments provided in this application, the following technical effects are disclosed: This application designs a photovoltaic-air source hybrid heat pump system, including two sets of energy storage heat exchangers, a PVT collector unit, and an air source heat pump unit. The two sets of energy storage heat exchangers work in conjunction with the PVT collector unit and the air source heat pump unit. During heating, the system adaptively switches between modes such as dual-path low-temperature heat storage, low-temperature heat storage-medium-temperature heat storage, dual-path medium-temperature heat storage, dual-path medium-temperature heating, dual-path low-temperature heating, and dual-path low-temperature coupled air source heat pump heating. During cooling, it switches between modes such as dual-path heat pump cold storage, dual-path heat storage cooling, and dual-path energy storage heat exchanger coupled air source heat pump cooling. When both heating and cooling are needed, a single-path heat storage-single-path cold storage mode is executed. This application achieves complementary utilization of solar and air energy and tiered storage of heat and cold through wide-temperature-range energy storage regulation, reducing energy storage costs and optimizing energy allocation. Attached Figure Description

[0009] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of this application or related technologies, the drawings used in the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of this application. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0010] Figure 1 This is a flowchart illustrating a multi-mode temperature control method based on a photovoltaic-air source composite heat pump system provided in an embodiment of this application.

[0011] Figure 2 A schematic diagram of the unit modules of the photovoltaic-air source composite heat pump system provided in the embodiments of this application.

[0012] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram illustrating the structural principle of a photovoltaic-air source composite heat pump system provided in an embodiment of this application.

[0013] Figure 4 A schematic diagram of the dual-path low-temperature heat storage mode provided in the embodiments of this application.

[0014] Figure 5 A schematic diagram of the low-temperature heat storage-medium-temperature heat storage mode provided in the embodiments of this application.

[0015] Figure 6 A schematic diagram of the dual-path medium-temperature heat storage mode provided in the embodiments of this application.

[0016] Figure 7 A schematic diagram of the dual-path medium-temperature heating mode provided in the embodiments of this application.

[0017] Figure 8A schematic diagram of the dual-path low-temperature heating mode provided in the embodiments of this application.

[0018] Figure 9 A schematic diagram of the dual-path low-temperature coupled air source heat pump heating mode provided in the embodiments of this application.

[0019] Figure 10 A schematic diagram of the dual-path heat pump cold storage mode provided in the embodiments of this application.

[0020] Figure 11 A schematic diagram of the dual-path heat storage cooling mode provided in the embodiments of this application.

[0021] Figure 12 This is a schematic diagram of the dual-path energy storage heat exchanger coupled with an air source heat pump cooling mode provided in an embodiment of this application.

[0022] Figure 13 This is a schematic diagram illustrating the principle of single-path heat storage / single-path cold storage mode provided in the embodiments of this application.

[0023] Figure 14 This is an internal structural diagram of a computer device provided in an embodiment of this application.

[0024] Figure label: 1. First energy storage heat exchanger; 2. Second energy storage heat exchanger; 3. PVT heat collection unit; 4. Air source heat pump unit; 5. User unit. Detailed Implementation

[0025] The technical solutions of the embodiments of this application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of this application, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of this application, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of this application.

[0026] To make the above-mentioned objectives, features and advantages of this application more apparent and understandable, the application will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0027] Example 1, such as Figures 1-3 As shown, this embodiment provides a multi-mode temperature control method based on a photovoltaic-air source composite heat pump system. The photovoltaic-air source composite heat pump system includes: a first energy storage heat exchanger 1, a second energy storage heat exchanger 2, a PVT heat collection unit 3, an air source heat pump unit 4, and a user unit 5. The method includes: When users require heating (in winter): S1. As Figure 4As shown, when solar heating is not required and the temperatures of the heat storage materials in both the first and second heat storage exchangers 1 and 2 are lower than the mid-temperature temperature in winter, the photovoltaic-air source composite heat pump system executes a dual-path low-temperature heat storage mode. The dual-path low-temperature heat storage mode includes: both the first and second heat storage exchangers 1 and 2 pump their internal refrigerant into the PVT heat collection unit 3; the PVT heat collection unit 3 performs solar heat exchange and heat collection on the refrigerant and then pumps it back to the first and second heat storage exchangers 1 and 2, completing the dual-path solar heat exchange low-temperature heat storage cycle.

[0028] S2. For example Figure 5 As shown, when solar heating is not required and the temperature of the heat storage material in the first energy storage heat exchanger 1 is lower than the preset medium temperature while the temperature of the heat storage material in the second energy storage heat exchanger 2 is higher than the winter medium temperature, the photovoltaic-air source composite heat pump system executes a low-temperature heat storage-medium-temperature heat storage mode. The low-temperature heat storage-medium-temperature heat storage mode is as follows: the first energy storage heat exchanger 1 pumps the internal refrigerant into the PVT heat collection unit 3, and the second energy storage heat exchanger 2 pumps the internal refrigerant into the air source heat pump unit 4; the PVT heat collection unit 3 performs solar heat exchange and heat collection on the refrigerant and then pumps it back to the first energy storage heat exchanger 1, completing a single-path solar heat exchange low-temperature heat storage cycle; the air source heat pump unit 4 uses the electrical energy generated by the PVT heat collection unit 3 and the grid power supply as driving power to drive the heat pump to heat the refrigerant and then pumps it back to the second energy storage heat exchanger 2, completing a single-path heat pump heating medium-temperature heat storage cycle.

[0029] S3. For example Figure 6 As shown, when solar heating is required and the temperature of the heat storage materials of the first energy storage heat exchanger 1 and the second energy storage heat exchanger 2 is greater than or equal to the winter medium temperature, the photovoltaic-air source composite heat pump system executes a dual-path medium temperature heat storage mode. The dual-path medium temperature heat storage mode is as follows: the first energy storage heat exchanger 1 and the second energy storage heat exchanger 2 pump the internal refrigerant into the air source heat pump unit 4. The air source heat pump unit 4 uses the electrical energy generated by the PVT heat collection unit 3 and the power supply from the grid as driving power to drive the heat pump to heat the refrigerant, thus completing the dual-path heat pump heating medium temperature heat storage cycle.

[0030] S4. For example Figure 7As shown, when solar heating is required and the temperatures of the heat storage materials in both the first energy storage heat exchanger 1 and the second energy storage heat exchanger 2 are greater than or equal to the winter medium temperature, the photovoltaic-air source composite heat pump system executes a dual-path medium temperature heating mode. The dual-path medium temperature heating mode includes: both the first energy storage heat exchanger 1 and the second energy storage heat exchanger 2 pump their internal refrigerant into the user unit 5, and after the refrigerant undergoes heat exchange in the user unit 5, it is pumped back to the first energy storage heat exchanger 1 and the second energy storage heat exchanger 2, completing the dual-path medium temperature heating cycle.

[0031] S5. For example Figure 8 As shown, when solar heating is required and the temperatures of the heat storage materials in both the first and second energy storage heat exchangers 1 and 2 are lower than the mid-temperature temperature in winter, the photovoltaic-air source composite heat pump system executes a dual-path low-temperature heating mode. The dual-path mid-temperature heating mode includes: both the first and second energy storage heat exchangers 1 and 2 pump their internal refrigerant into the air source heat pump unit 4. After the refrigerant undergoes heat exchange in the air source heat pump unit 4, it is pumped back to the first and second energy storage heat exchangers 1 and 2. The heat released by the energy storage heat exchangers is upgraded by the heat pump and then exchanged with the refrigerant from the user unit 5. The refrigerant is then pumped back to the user unit 5, completing the dual-path low-temperature heating cycle.

[0032] S6. For example Figure 9 As shown, when solar heating is required and the temperatures of the heat storage materials in both the first and second energy storage heat exchangers 1 and 2 are lower than the winter low-temperature temperature, the photovoltaic-air source composite heat pump system executes a dual-path low-temperature coupled air source heat pump heating mode. This dual-path low-temperature coupled air source heat pump heating mode includes: both the first and second energy storage heat exchangers 1 and 2 pump their internal refrigerant into the air source heat pump unit 4; after heat exchange with the refrigerant by the air source heat pump unit 4, the refrigerant is pumped back to the first and second energy storage heat exchangers 1 and 2; the air source heat pump unit 4 extracts heat from the air; the first and second energy storage heat exchangers 1 and 2 release heat; the air source heat pump unit 4 extracts heat from the air, which is then upgraded by the heat pump and exchanged with the refrigerant from the user unit 5; the refrigerant is then pumped back to the user unit 5, completing the dual-path low-temperature coupled air source heat pump heating cycle.

[0033] In practical applications, in step S3, after the heat pump finishes heating, it begins to release heat. The part where the medium-temperature heat release is completed or the part where the low-temperature heat storage is completed can be extracted from the heat pump by photovoltaic electric drive as needed (the heat can be extracted to below the freezing point, depending on the demand and the outdoor environment).

[0034] When users need cooling (e.g., in summer): S7. For example Figure 10As shown, when solar cooling is required and the heat storage material is below the mid-temperature temperature in summer, the photovoltaic-air source composite heat pump system executes a dual-path heat pump cold storage mode. The dual-path heat pump cold storage mode includes: the first energy storage heat exchanger 1 and the second energy storage heat exchanger 2 pump the internal refrigerant into the air source heat pump unit 4, and the air source heat pump unit 4 uses the electrical energy generated by the PVT heat collection unit 3 and the power supply from the grid as driving power to perform heat pump cooling on the refrigerant, thus completing the dual-path heat pump cold storage cycle.

[0035] S8. For example Figure 11 As shown, when cooling is required and the heat storage materials of the first energy storage heat exchanger 1 and the second energy storage heat exchanger 2 are below the mid-temperature temperature in summer, the photovoltaic-air source composite heat pump system executes a dual-path heat storage cooling mode. The dual-path heat storage cooling mode includes: the first energy storage heat exchanger 1 and the second energy storage heat exchanger 2 pump the internal refrigerant into the user unit 5, and after the refrigerant exchanges heat with the user unit 5, it flows back to the first energy storage heat exchanger 1 and the second energy storage heat exchanger 2 through the pump, thus completing the dual-path heat storage heat exchanger cooling cycle.

[0036] S9. For example Figure 12 As shown, when cooling is required and the temperatures of the heat storage materials in both the first energy storage heat exchanger 1 and the second energy storage heat exchanger 2 are greater than or equal to the mid-summer temperature, the photovoltaic-air source composite heat pump system executes a dual-path energy storage heat exchanger coupled air source heat pump cooling mode. The dual-path energy storage heat exchanger coupled air source heat pump cooling mode includes: the air source heat pump unit 4 operates in cooling mode, and both the first energy storage heat exchanger 1 and the second energy storage heat exchanger 2 pump their internal refrigerant into the air source heat pump unit 4. After the refrigerant undergoes heat exchange in the air source heat pump unit 4, it is pumped back to the user unit 5, and then pumped back to the first energy storage heat exchanger 1 and the second energy storage heat exchanger 2, thus completing the dual-path energy storage heat exchanger coupled air source heat pump cooling.

[0037] When a user needs both hot water and cooling (for example, cooling in summer but also domestic hot water): S10. For example Figure 13As shown, the photovoltaic-air source composite heat pump system executes a single-path heat storage-single-path cold storage mode. This single-path heat storage-single-path cold storage mode includes: selecting the second energy storage heat exchanger 2 to pump its internal refrigerant into the air source heat pump unit 4; the air source heat pump unit 4 uses the electrical energy generated by the PVT heat collector unit 3 and the grid power supply as driving power to perform heat pump cooling on the refrigerant, completing a single-path heat pump cold storage cycle; selecting the first energy storage heat exchanger 1 to pump its internal refrigerant into the PVT heat collector unit 3; the PVT heat collector unit 3 performs solar heat exchange on the refrigerant and then pumps it back to the first energy storage heat exchanger 1; the first energy storage heat exchanger 1 heats its internal heat storage material through refrigerant heat exchange for user use; the heat storage materials of both the first energy storage heat exchanger 1 and the second energy storage heat exchanger 2 are wide-temperature-range low-temperature phase change materials.

[0038] Furthermore, both the first energy storage heat exchanger 1 and the second energy storage heat exchanger 2 are connected to the PVT heat collection unit 3 via pipelines; both the first energy storage heat exchanger 1 and the second energy storage heat exchanger 2 are connected to the air source heat pump unit 4 via pipelines; the first energy storage heat exchanger 1 and the second energy storage heat exchanger 2 are connected via pipelines; and the air source heat pump unit 4 is electrically connected to the PVT heat collection unit 3 and the power output terminal of the external power grid, respectively.

[0039] Furthermore, the air source heat pump unit 4 is internally equipped with a first plate heat exchanger and a second plate heat exchanger. The first plate heat exchanger is connected to the first energy storage heat exchanger 1 via a pipeline; the second plate heat exchanger is connected to the second energy storage heat exchanger 2 via a pipeline; and the second plate heat exchanger is connected to the user unit 5 via a pipeline.

[0040] Furthermore, the second energy storage heat exchanger 2 is connected to the user unit 5 via pipeline.

[0041] Both the first energy storage heat exchanger 1 and the second energy storage heat exchanger 2 are connected to the user-side heat exchanger piping. In terms of heat storage quality, the first energy storage heat exchanger 1 and the second energy storage heat exchanger 2 can store energy over a wide temperature range, achieve homogeneous energy storage, or achieve heterogeneous energy storage. Functionally, they can serve as PVT low-temperature heat storage units, user-side energy sources (heat and cold sources), or heat pump sources.

[0042] Furthermore, the air source heat pump unit 4 also includes: a first thermal expansion valve, a second thermal expansion valve, a first refrigerant solenoid valve, a second refrigerant solenoid valve, and an outdoor heat exchanger; the high-pressure port of the first thermal expansion valve and the inlet of the first refrigerant solenoid valve are both connected to the condensing side pipeline of the second plate heat exchanger, and the low-pressure port of the first thermal expansion valve and the outlet of the first refrigerant solenoid valve are both connected to the evaporating side pipeline of the first plate heat exchanger; the high-pressure port of the second thermal expansion valve and the inlet of the second refrigerant solenoid valve are both connected to the outdoor heat exchanger pipeline of the air source heat pump unit 4, and the low-pressure port of the second thermal expansion valve and the outlet of the second refrigerant solenoid valve are both connected to the condensing side pipeline of the first plate heat exchanger.

[0043] Optionally, both the first plate heat exchanger and the second plate heat exchanger are equipped with a thermal expansion valve and a refrigerant solenoid valve.

[0044] Furthermore, the wide-temperature-range low-temperature phase change material is water.

[0045] Furthermore, the refrigerant is an ethylene glycol solution.

[0046] Furthermore, the first energy storage heat exchanger 1 and the second energy storage heat exchanger 2 have the same capacity; the capacity of both the first energy storage heat exchanger 1 and the second energy storage heat exchanger 2 can be expanded by external connection.

[0047] Furthermore, the winter low temperature range is -2℃ to 30℃, and the winter medium temperature range is greater than 30℃; the summer low temperature range is -2℃ to 12℃, and the summer medium temperature range is greater than 12℃.

[0048] In practical applications, the photovoltaic-air source hybrid heat pump system provides cooling in summer by driving the heat pump with photovoltaic electricity and grid electricity, and heating in winter by driving the heat pump with photovoltaic electricity and grid electricity, using air energy and solar thermal energy as low-grade heat sources. In summer, the photovoltaic-air source hybrid heat pump system operates in several modes: photovoltaic electricity-driven heat pump cooling, photovoltaic electricity-driven heat pump cold storage, and energy storage heat exchanger cold release. In winter, the system operates in several modes: air source heat pump heating or heat storage, solar heat pump heating or heat storage, air source + solar heat pump heating or heat storage, and low-temperature heat release or medium-temperature heating from the energy storage heat exchanger. The energy storage heat exchanger is a key component of the energy storage PVT-air source heat pump system, using water or other low-temperature phase change materials as the energy storage medium.

[0049] The technical effects of this application are as follows: This application achieves complementary utilization of solar and air energy and tiered storage of heat and cold through wide-temperature-range energy storage regulation. Furthermore, multi-mode switching optimizes energy allocation, reduces energy storage costs, and improves system security.

[0050] This application maximizes the local consumption of photovoltaic power through the principle of energy cascade utilization, reducing the grid capacity demand for rural air conditioning and heating and the impact of traditional photovoltaic power generation on the grid; it achieves the spatial and temporal transfer and allocation of energy through the coupling of PVT technology, air source heat pump technology and energy storage technology, ensuring the efficient operation of the heat pump; it adopts wide temperature range energy storage, which enhances the system's resilience to extreme weather, and has the advantages of being clean, environmentally friendly, safe and economical compared with electricity storage; in winter, the low-temperature heat collection of the energy storage heat exchanger-PVT improves the heat collection efficiency of PVT.

[0051] Example 2: This application also provides a computer device, which may be a server or a terminal, and its internal structure diagram may be as follows. Figure 14 As shown, this computer device includes a processor, memory, input / output (I / O) interfaces, and a communication interface. The processor, memory, and I / O interfaces are connected via a system bus, and the communication interface is also connected to the system bus via the I / O interfaces. The processor provides computational and control capabilities. The memory includes non-volatile storage media and internal memory. The non-volatile storage media stores the operating system, computer programs, and a database. The internal memory provides an environment for the operation of the operating system and computer programs stored in the non-volatile storage media. The database stores and processes data. The I / O interfaces are used for exchanging information between the processor and external devices. The communication interface is used for communicating with external terminals via a network connection. When the computer program is executed by the processor, it implements the methods described above.

[0052] Those skilled in the art will understand that Figure 14 The structure shown is merely a block diagram of a portion of the structure related to the present application and does not constitute a limitation on the computer device to which the present application is applied. Specific computer devices may include more or fewer components than those shown in the figure, or combine certain components, or have different component arrangements.

[0053] Those skilled in the art will understand that all or part of the processes in the above embodiments can be implemented by a computer program instructing related hardware. The computer program can be stored in a non-volatile computer-readable storage medium, and when executed, it can include the processes of the embodiments described above. Any references to memory, databases, or other media used in the embodiments provided in this application can include at least one of non-volatile and volatile memory. Non-volatile memory can include read-only memory (ROM), magnetic tape, floppy disk, flash memory, optical memory, high-density embedded non-volatile memory, resistive random access memory (ReRAM), magnetic random access memory (MRAM), ferroelectric random access memory (FRAM), phase change memory (PCM), graphene memory, etc. Volatile memory can include random access memory (RAM) or external cache memory, etc. By way of illustration and not limitation, RAM can take many forms, such as Static Random Access Memory (SRAM) or Dynamic Random Access Memory (DRAM).

[0054] The technical features of the above embodiments can be combined in any way. For the sake of brevity, not all possible combinations of the technical features in the above embodiments are described. However, as long as there is no contradiction in the combination of these technical features, they should be considered to be within the scope of this specification.

[0055] This document uses specific examples to illustrate the principles and implementation methods of this application. The descriptions of the above embodiments are only for the purpose of helping to understand the methods and core ideas of this application. Furthermore, those skilled in the art will recognize that, based on the ideas of this application, there will be changes in the specific implementation methods and application scope. Therefore, the content of this specification should not be construed as a limitation of this application.

Claims

1. A multi-mode temperature control method based on a photovoltaic-air source composite heat pump system, characterized in that, The photovoltaic-air source composite heat pump system includes: a first energy storage heat exchanger, a second energy storage heat exchanger, a PVT heat collection unit, an air source heat pump unit, and a user unit. The method includes: When users require heating: When solar heating is not required and the temperatures of the heat storage materials in both the first and second heat storage exchangers are lower than the mid-temperature temperature in winter, the photovoltaic-air source composite heat pump system executes a dual-path low-temperature heat storage mode. The dual-path low-temperature heat storage mode includes: both the first and second heat storage exchangers pump their internal refrigerant into the PVT heat collection unit; the PVT heat collection unit performs solar heat exchange and heat collection on the refrigerant and then pumps it back to the first and second heat storage exchangers, completing the dual-path solar heat exchange low-temperature heat storage cycle. When solar heating is not required and the temperature of the heat storage material in the first energy storage heat exchanger is lower than the preset medium temperature while the temperature of the heat storage material in the second energy storage heat exchanger is higher than the winter medium temperature, the photovoltaic-air source composite heat pump system executes a low-temperature heat storage-medium-temperature heat storage mode. The low-temperature heat storage-medium-temperature heat storage mode is as follows: the first energy storage heat exchanger pumps its internal refrigerant into the PVT collector unit, and the second energy storage heat exchanger pumps its internal refrigerant into the air source heat pump unit; the PVT collector unit performs solar heat exchange on the refrigerant and then pumps it back to the first energy storage heat exchanger, completing a single-path solar heat exchange low-temperature heat storage cycle; the air source heat pump unit uses the electrical energy generated by the PVT collector unit and the grid power supply as driving power to drive the heat pump to heat the refrigerant, and then pumps it back to the second energy storage heat exchanger, completing a single-path heat pump heating medium-temperature heat storage cycle. When solar heating is required and the temperature of the heat storage materials in the first and second heat storage exchangers is greater than or equal to the winter mid-temperature temperature, the photovoltaic-air source composite heat pump system executes a dual-path mid-temperature heat storage mode. The dual-path mid-temperature heat storage mode is as follows: the first and second heat storage exchangers pump the refrigerant inside into the air source heat pump unit, and the air source heat pump unit uses the electrical energy generated by the PVT heat collection unit and the power supply from the grid as driving power to drive the heat pump to heat the refrigerant, thus completing the dual-path heat pump heating mid-temperature heat storage cycle. When solar heating is required and the temperatures of the heat storage materials in both the first and second energy storage heat exchangers are greater than or equal to the winter medium temperature, the photovoltaic-air source composite heat pump system executes a dual-path medium temperature heating mode. The dual-path medium temperature heating mode includes: both the first and second energy storage heat exchangers pump their internal refrigerant into the user unit, and after the user unit performs heat exchange on the refrigerant, it is pumped back to the first and second energy storage heat exchangers, completing the dual-path medium temperature heating cycle. When solar heating is required and the temperatures of the heat storage materials in both the first and second energy storage heat exchangers are lower than the mid-temperature temperature in winter, the photovoltaic-air source composite heat pump system executes a dual-path low-temperature heating mode. The dual-path mid-temperature heating mode includes: both the first and second energy storage heat exchangers pump their internal refrigerant into the air source heat pump unit; after heat exchange with the refrigerant by the air source heat pump unit, the refrigerant is pumped back to the first and second energy storage heat exchangers; the heat released by the energy storage heat exchangers is upgraded by the heat pump and then exchanged with the refrigerant from the user unit, after which the refrigerant is pumped back to the user unit, completing the dual-path low-temperature heating cycle. When solar heating is required and the temperatures of the heat storage materials in both the first and second energy storage heat exchangers are lower than the winter low-temperature temperature, the photovoltaic-air source composite heat pump system executes a dual-path low-temperature coupled air source heat pump heating mode. This dual-path low-temperature coupled air source heat pump heating mode includes: both the first and second energy storage heat exchangers pump their internal refrigerant into the air source heat pump unit; after heat exchange with the refrigerant by the air source heat pump unit, the refrigerant is pumped back to the first and second energy storage heat exchangers; the air source heat pump unit extracts heat from the air; the first and second energy storage heat exchangers release heat; the air source heat pump unit extracts heat from the air, which is then upgraded by the heat pump and exchanged with refrigerant from the user unit; the refrigerant is then pumped back to the user unit, completing the dual-path low-temperature coupled air source heat pump heating cycle. When the user needs cooling: When solar cooling is required and the heat storage material is below the mid-temperature temperature in summer, the photovoltaic-air source composite heat pump system executes a dual-path heat pump cold storage mode. The dual-path heat pump cold storage mode includes: the first and second energy storage heat exchangers pump the internal refrigerant into the air source heat pump unit, and the air source heat pump unit uses the electrical energy generated by the PVT heat collection unit and the power supply from the grid as driving power to perform heat pump cooling on the refrigerant, thus completing the dual-path heat pump cold storage cycle. When cooling is required and the heat storage materials of the first and second heat storage heat exchangers are below the mid-temperature temperature in summer, the photovoltaic-air source composite heat pump system executes a dual-circuit heat storage cooling mode. The dual-circuit heat storage cooling mode includes: the first and second heat storage heat exchangers pumping the internal refrigerant into the user unit; after the refrigerant exchanges heat with the user unit, it flows back to the first and second heat storage heat exchangers via a pump, completing the dual-circuit heat storage heat exchanger cooling cycle. When cooling is required and the temperatures of the heat storage materials in both the first and second energy storage heat exchangers are greater than or equal to the mid-summer temperature, the photovoltaic-air source composite heat pump system executes a dual-path energy storage heat exchanger coupled air source heat pump cooling mode. The dual-path energy storage heat exchanger coupled air source heat pump cooling mode includes: the air source heat pump unit operates in cooling mode, and both the first and second energy storage heat exchangers pump their internal refrigerant into the air source heat pump unit. After the refrigerant undergoes heat exchange in the air source heat pump unit, it is pumped back to the user unit, and then pumped back to the first and second energy storage heat exchangers, thus completing the dual-path energy storage heat exchanger coupled air source heat pump cooling. When a user needs both hot water and cooling simultaneously: The photovoltaic-air source composite heat pump system executes a single-path heat storage-single-path cold storage mode. This single-path heat storage-single-path cold storage mode includes: selecting the second energy storage heat exchanger to pump its internal refrigerant into the air source heat pump unit; the air source heat pump unit uses the electrical energy generated by the PVT collector unit and the grid power supply as driving energy to perform heat pump cooling on the refrigerant, completing a single-path heat pump cold storage cycle; selecting the first energy storage heat exchanger to pump its internal refrigerant into the PVT collector unit; the PVT collector unit performs solar heat exchange on the refrigerant and then pumps it back to the first energy storage heat exchanger; the first energy storage heat exchanger heats its internal heat storage material through refrigerant heat exchange for user use; the heat storage materials of both the first and second energy storage heat exchangers are wide-temperature-range low-temperature phase change materials.

2. The multi-mode temperature control method based on a photovoltaic-air source composite heat pump system according to claim 1, characterized in that, Both the first and second energy storage heat exchangers are connected to the PVT heat collection unit pipeline; both the first and second energy storage heat exchangers are connected to the air source heat pump unit pipeline; the first and second energy storage heat exchangers are connected by a pipeline; the air source heat pump unit is electrically connected to the PVT heat collection unit and the power output terminal of the external power grid.

3. The multi-mode temperature control method based on a photovoltaic-air source composite heat pump system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The air source heat pump unit is internally equipped with a first plate heat exchanger and a second plate heat exchanger. The first plate heat exchanger is connected to the first energy storage heat exchanger via piping. The second plate heat exchanger is connected to the second energy storage heat exchanger via piping. The second plate heat exchanger of the air source heat pump unit is connected to the user unit via piping.

4. The multi-mode temperature control method based on a photovoltaic-air source composite heat pump system according to claim 3, characterized in that, The second energy storage heat exchanger is connected to the user unit pipeline.

5. The multi-mode temperature control method based on a photovoltaic-air source composite heat pump system according to claim 4, characterized in that, The air source heat pump unit further includes: a first thermal expansion valve, a second thermal expansion valve, a first refrigerant solenoid valve, a second refrigerant solenoid valve, and an outdoor heat exchanger; the high-pressure port of the first thermal expansion valve and the inlet of the first refrigerant solenoid valve are both connected to the condenser side pipeline of the second plate heat exchanger, and the low-pressure port of the first thermal expansion valve and the outlet of the first refrigerant solenoid valve are both connected to the evaporator side pipeline of the first plate heat exchanger; the high-pressure port of the second thermal expansion valve and the inlet of the second refrigerant solenoid valve are both connected to the outdoor heat exchanger pipeline of the air source heat pump unit, and the low-pressure port of the second thermal expansion valve and the outlet of the second refrigerant solenoid valve are both connected to the condenser side pipeline of the first plate heat exchanger.

6. The multi-mode temperature control method based on a photovoltaic-air source composite heat pump system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The wide-temperature-range low-temperature phase change material is water.

7. The multi-mode temperature control method based on a photovoltaic-air source composite heat pump system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The refrigerant is an ethylene glycol solution.

8. The multi-mode temperature control method based on a photovoltaic-air source composite heat pump system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The first and second energy storage heat exchangers have the same capacity; the capacity of both the first and second energy storage heat exchangers can be expanded by external connection.

9. The multi-mode temperature control method based on a photovoltaic-air source composite heat pump system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The winter low temperature range is -2℃ to 30℃, and the winter medium temperature range is greater than 30℃; the summer low temperature range is -2℃ to 12℃, and the summer medium temperature range is greater than 12℃.

10. A computer device, comprising: A memory, a processor, and a computer program stored in the memory and executable on the processor, characterized in that the processor executes the computer program to implement the multi-mode temperature control method based on a photovoltaic-air source composite heat pump system as described in any one of claims 1-9.

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