A charge dropping device for vertical borehole and a charging method

Abstract

The application discloses a charge dropping device for vertical blast hole and a charging method, which comprises a bottom disc fixed at the bottom of a charge, wherein a circle of buffer blades which are inclined upward and outward is arranged on the outer peripheral edge of the bottom disc, and the buffer blades have elastic deformation allowance relative to the bottom disc; the bottom disc and the buffer blades are put into the blast hole together with the charge, and the buffer blades are extruded with the blast hole wall after the charge enters the blast hole, so that the falling speed of the charge in the blast hole is reduced; and the bottom of the bottom disc is further provided with a bottom buffer part which reduces the collision energy of the charge with the bottom of the blast hole when the charge falls to the bottom of the blast hole. The application increases the resistance of the charge in the blast hole through the buffer blades, slows down the falling speed of the charge, reduces the impact pressure of the charge when it touches the bottom, effectively eliminates the safety hidden danger existing in the free sliding of the charge in the vertical blast hole, improves the charging efficiency, avoids the safety problem of the charge in the blasting engineering, and has the advantages of simple structure and low cost.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention discloses a charging device and charging method for lowering explosive charges into vertical blast holes, which belongs to the field of explosive safety construction technology in blasting engineering. Background Technology

[0002] In various blasting projects using vertical boreholes, it is required to use cylindrical explosive cartridges or charges to load explosives into the boreholes for blasting. In VCR mining, the drilled vertical boreholes are often 40 to 50 meters deep. If explosive cartridges or charges are directly dropped into the borehole and allowed to fall freely, the falling speed of the cartridge or charge will continuously increase with the depth of the borehole, causing the cartridge to generate significant kinetic energy. Eventually, the cartridge will violently impact the bottom of the borehole upon reaching the bottom. The energy released by this impact can cause damage to the outer packaging of the cartridge or charge, altering the explosive density inside, or causing the cartridge to separate from the lead wire, resulting in a misfire. In more serious cases, it may even directly detonate the cartridge, causing extremely serious safety problems. Therefore, current blasting safety policies do not allow explosive cartridges to be directly placed into vertical boreholes for free-fall loading.

[0003] Existing methods for loading explosives into vertical boreholes mostly involve hoisting explosive rolls or packages into the borehole. For example, Chinese patent application CN209279814U discloses a novel roll-shaped emulsion explosive hoisting bag. This method uses drawstring bags at both ends to hold the roll of explosive in series. The bag, along with the explosive roll, is then slowly lowered into the borehole using a hoisting rope. The explosive roll is then detached from the drawstring bag by controlling the drawstring bag, completing the loading process. While this hoisting method avoids the explosive falling to the bottom of the borehole and colliding with it, the hoisting bag is cumbersome to control, requiring repeated loading and detaching of the explosive roll for each loading operation, significantly reducing loading efficiency. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The technical problem solved by this invention is to provide a charging device and charging method for vertical boreholes, addressing the safety issues and inefficiencies of existing charging methods.

[0005] This invention is achieved using the following technical solution: This invention first discloses a propellant loading device for vertical blast holes, including a base 100 fixed to the bottom of the propellant roll. The outer periphery of the base 100 is provided with a ring of upward and outward inclined buffer blades 110, and the buffer blades 110 have elastic deformation allowance relative to the base 100. The base 100 and the buffer blades 110 are placed into the blast hole together with the propellant roll. After the propellant roll enters the blast hole, the buffer blades 110 are squeezed against the blast hole wall to reduce the falling speed of the propellant roll in the blast hole.

[0006] In a propellant cartridge lowering device for vertical boreholes according to the present invention, the chassis 100 is further provided with a propellant cartridge positioning groove 101 that matches the bottom of the propellant cartridge, and the side is provided with a lead wire guide groove 102.

[0007] In a propellant cartridge lowering device for vertical boreholes according to the present invention, preferably, the chassis 100 is fixed to the bottom of the propellant cartridge by adhesive bonding.

[0008] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, a cartridge lowering device for vertical boreholes is provided on the base plate 100, and the base plate 100 is fixed by inserting the fixing pin 120 into the bottom of the cartridge.

[0009] In a cartridge unloading device for vertical boreholes according to the present invention, the outer side of the buffer blade 110 is provided with raised stripes 111 of wear-resistant material. The buffer blade 110 makes contact with the borehole wall through the raised stripes 111, ensuring the friction between the buffer blade and the borehole wall and improving the wear resistance of the buffer blade.

[0010] In a cartridge unloading device for vertical boreholes according to the present invention, the buffer blades 110 are evenly distributed on the outer peripheral edge of the chassis 100, and the buffer blades 110 are distributed in a spiral blade pattern along the outer peripheral edge of the chassis.

[0011] In a propellant cartridge lowering device for a vertical borehole according to the present invention, the bottom of the chassis 100 is further provided with a bottom buffer 130 to reduce the collision energy between the propellant cartridge and the bottom of the borehole when the propellant cartridge falls to the bottom of the borehole.

[0012] In a cartridge lowering device for vertical boreholes according to the present invention, preferably, the bottom buffer part 130 is an inflatable buffer cushion or an elastic buffer cushion made of elastic material.

[0013] In a cartridge lowering device for vertical boreholes according to the present invention, the bottom buffer portion 130 is further detachably connected to the chassis 100 by snap fasteners or adhesive.

[0014] The present invention also discloses a method for loading propellant using the above-described device of the present invention. A base of a corresponding size is selected according to the borehole diameter. The outer diameter of the base is smaller than the borehole diameter, and the maximum outer diameter of the end of the buffer blade on the base in the free state is larger than the borehole diameter. The base is fixed to the bottom of the lowered propellant cartridge, and the propellant cartridge is placed into the borehole with the base facing down. The buffer blade on the base is inserted into the borehole and squeezed against the borehole wall. Under the combined force of its own weight and the friction between the buffer blade and the borehole wall, the propellant cartridge slowly slides into the borehole.

[0015] The present invention employing the above-described technical solution has the following beneficial effects.

[0016] (1) The present invention adopts a chassis + buffer blade structure to fix the bottom of the cartridge. During the process of the cartridge being lowered into the borehole, the friction generated by the compression between the buffer blade and the borehole wall slows down the free fall of the cartridge, thereby reducing the lowering speed of the cartridge in the borehole. The present invention also designs a bottom buffer part at the bottom of the chassis, which uses a buffer air pad or elastic buffer pad to absorb the collision energy between the cartridge and the bottom of the borehole after it is lowered into the borehole, avoiding safety problems caused by excessive collision energy of the cartridge during lowering, and greatly ensuring the safety of loading the cartridge into the vertical borehole.

[0017] (2) In this invention, the base is fixed to the bottom of the explosive before the explosive is loaded and lowered into the borehole together with the explosive. The base and buffer blades are detonated with the explosive and do not need to be recovered. One or more explosives can be loaded at the same time, which is more efficient than other auxiliary loading methods such as hoisting.

[0018] (3) The present invention uses a chassis that can be quickly fixedly connected to the medicine roll, and the buffer blade is integrally connected to the chassis. As a disposable consumable, the structure is simple and the manufacturing cost is low.

[0019] In summary, the present invention provides a propellant cartridge lowering device and loading method for vertical blast holes. By increasing the resistance of the propellant cartridge lowering in the blast hole through buffer blades, the falling speed of the loaded propellant cartridge is slowed down, and the impact pressure of the propellant cartridge hitting the bottom is reduced. This effectively eliminates the safety hazards of the propellant cartridge freely sliding in vertical blast holes. At the same time, it combines loading efficiency and loading safety, and has the advantages of simple structure and low cost.

[0020] The present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments. Attached Figure Description

[0021] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram showing the relationship between the medicine roll lowering device and the medicine roll in Example 1.

[0022] Figure 2 This is a top view of the medicine roll lowering device in Example 1.

[0023] Figure 3 This is a front view of the drug roll lowering device in Example 1.

[0024] Figure 4 This is a front view of the medicine roll lowering device in Example 2.

[0025] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the buffer blades of the drug roll lowering device in Examples 1 and 2.

[0026] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram showing the relationship between the medicine roll lowering device and the medicine roll in Example 3.

[0027] Figure 7 This is a front view of the medicine roll lowering device in Example 3.

[0028] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the cartridge lowering device in Example 3 inside the blast hole.

[0029] The numbers in the diagram are: 100-chassis, 101-propellant cartridge positioning groove, 102-lead wire lead-out groove, 110-buffer blade, 111-raised stripe, 120-fixing pin, 130-bottom buffer part, 2-propellant cartridge, 3-blast hole. Detailed Implementation

[0030] The technical solutions in this embodiment will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. This embodiment takes the insertion of a cylindrical drug cartridge into a deep hole as an example. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention. Example 1

[0031] See Figure 1 The illustration shows a device for lowering explosive cartridges into a vertical borehole, which is a specific embodiment of the present invention.

[0032] See also Figure 2 and Figure 3 In this embodiment, the propellant roll lowering device includes a base 100 and buffer blades 110. The base 100 serves as a connecting body, fixed to the bottom of the lowered propellant roll 2, and plays a preliminary role in fixing it to the propellant roll. Several buffer blades 110 are evenly arranged along the outer periphery of the base 100. The bottom of the buffer blades 110 is fixed to the base 100, and the upper part gradually extends upward and outward at an angle. The entire propellant roll lowering device is distributed in the shape of an inverted frustum on the outer periphery of the bottom of the propellant roll 2. The bottom of the inverted frustum corresponds to the outer diameter of the base 100, and the top corresponds to the outer periphery of the top of the buffer blades 110. Furthermore, the outer diameter of the base 100 corresponds to the propellant roll and is smaller than the borehole diameter to facilitate the placement of the bottom of the propellant roll into the borehole. The outer diameter of the outer periphery formed at the top of the buffer blade 110 is larger than the borehole diameter. As the cartridge 2 enters the borehole along with the base plate 100, the outer side of the buffer blade 110 begins to contact the borehole wall. The buffer blade 110 has an elastic deformation margin relative to the base plate 100. The base plate 100 and the buffer blade 110 are placed into the borehole together with the cartridge. Since the outer periphery formed at the top of the buffer blade 110 is larger than the borehole, the buffer blade 110 will be squeezed against the borehole wall after the cartridge enters the borehole. As the cartridge 2 falls into the borehole due to its own weight, the friction formed by the squeeze between the buffer blade 110 and the borehole wall slows down the falling speed of the cartridge in the borehole.

[0033] Specifically, such as Figure 2 As shown, the chassis 100 is provided with a cartridge positioning groove 101 that mates with the bottom of the cartridge. The bottom of the cartridge 2 is embedded in the cartridge positioning groove 101 and fixed in the cartridge positioning groove 101 with adhesive, thus fixing the chassis to the bottom of the cartridge 2 and ensuring the integrity of the chassis 100 and the cartridge 2 in the borehole. An adhesive layer can be pre-fabricated in the cartridge positioning groove 101, or the bottom of the cartridge 2 can be fixed to the chassis 100 with a double-sided adhesive layer during loading. The chassis 100 has a lead wire exit groove 102 on the side of the cartridge positioning groove 101. The lead wire exit groove 102 is a through groove arranged radially along the chassis 100, connecting the cartridge positioning groove 101 and the outside of the chassis. It is used to lead out the lead wire connecting the bottom of the cartridge to the detonator after the bottom of the cartridge is loaded into the chassis, preventing the lead wire from being squeezed after the bottom of the cartridge is loaded onto the chassis 100.

[0034] Each buffer blade 110 is tilted upwards and outwards at a certain angle and is made of flexible material. For example, if the buffer blade 110 is made of high-strength plastic and integrally injection molded with the chassis 100, the inherent elasticity of the plastic material provides the buffer blade 110 with pressure against the borehole wall, and the frictional resistance between the flexible material buffer blade and the borehole wall is not too great, preventing the propellant cartridge from getting stuck during its descent. See details... Figure 3 In this embodiment, the outer side of the buffer blade 110 is provided with raised stripes 111 of wear-resistant material. The buffer blade 110 is pressed against the borehole wall through the raised stripes 111, which ensures the friction between the buffer blade and the borehole wall and improves the wear resistance of the buffer blade. The extension direction of the raised stripes on the outer side of the buffer blade 110 is opposite to the tilt direction of the blade, which is used to increase the frictional resistance during the falling process. Example 2

[0035] See Figure 4 The illustration shows another specific embodiment of the present invention for the vertical borehole explosive cartridge lowering device. The structure of the base 100 and the buffer blade 110 is the same as in Embodiment 1. The difference is that in this embodiment, a fixing pin 120 is provided on the base 100. The fixing pin 120 is coaxially fixed with the base 100 at the center position in the explosive cartridge positioning groove 101, with the pin tip pointing upwards and a length of about 5 cm. When loading explosives, the bottom of the explosive cartridge is aligned with the fixing pin 120, and the base 100 is fixed by inserting the fixing pin 120 into the bottom of the explosive cartridge. After the fixing pin 120 is inserted into the bottom of the explosive cartridge, it is loaded into the borehole along with the base 100 and the explosive cartridge, and will not be pulled out of the explosive cartridge, thus preventing leakage of explosives inside the explosive cartridge.

[0036] In this embodiment and Embodiment 1, the buffer blades 110 are evenly distributed along the outer periphery of the chassis 100, and the buffer blades 110 are distributed in a spiral pattern along the outer periphery of the chassis. Specifically, as follows... Figure 5As shown, the cross-sections of all blades are inclined at the same angle relative to the tangent direction of the outer periphery of the chassis. During the process of the cartridge, the chassis and the buffer blades falling in the borehole, the friction between the buffer blades, which are distributed in a spiral pattern, and the borehole wall, through the rotational component formed, eliminates the jamming phenomenon of the cartridge falling in a fixed posture in the borehole, significantly improving the stability of the cartridge in the vertical borehole and the positioning accuracy of the bottom of the borehole. Example 3

[0037] See Figure 6 As shown in the figure, this is another specific embodiment of the present invention for the vertical borehole propellant cartridge lowering device. For vertical boreholes with large depths, even with the buffer blades in Embodiments 1 and 2 used to slow down the speed of the propellant cartridge sliding down the borehole, a large impact energy may still be generated when it reaches the bottom. Based on Embodiments 1 and 2, this embodiment further provides a bottom buffer section 130 at the bottom of the chassis 100, which acts as a buffer when the propellant cartridge falls to the bottom of the borehole, further reducing the collision energy between the propellant cartridge 2 and the bottom of the borehole. Specifically, the bottom buffer section 130 can be an inflatable buffer cushion or an elastic buffer cushion made of elastic material. During loading, the bottom buffer section 130 is detachably connected to the chassis 100 by snaps or adhesive. For example, a cylindrical compressed air cushion about 5cm high can be connected to the chassis by snaps. Whether to install the bottom buffer section 130 depends on the depth of the borehole.

[0038] For propellant loading in deeper vertical boreholes, using fixing pins 120 to secure the base plate 100 to the bottom of the propellant cartridge provides greater stability. Figure 7 As shown.

[0039] The process of loading explosives into a vertical borehole using the explosive loading device described in the above embodiments is as follows: S1. Before loading the propellant, select a chassis 100 of the appropriate size according to the borehole diameter. The outer diameter of the chassis 100 is smaller than the borehole diameter, and the maximum outer diameter of the end of the buffer blade 110 in its free state is larger than the borehole diameter. In the above embodiment, the outer diameter of the chassis 100, the tilt angle, length, and flexibility of the buffer blade 110 can be adapted and adjusted according to the borehole diameter and the weight of the propellant. The outer diameter of the chassis 100 matches the borehole diameter and the outer diameter of the propellant. The tilt angle, length, and flexibility of the buffer blade 110 determine the magnitude of the extrusion friction force on the borehole wall. This is determined according to the borehole depth and the weight of the propellant. The heavier the propellant and the deeper the borehole, the larger the tilt angle and length of the buffer blade 110, and the lower the flexibility, to improve the deceleration effect on the propellant.

[0040] S2. During loading, the base plate 100 is fixed to the bottom of the lowered propellant cartridge 2 using fixing pins or adhesive. The propellant cartridge 2 is placed into the borehole 3 with the base plate 100 facing downwards. The buffer blades 110 on the base plate 100 are inserted into the borehole and pressed against the borehole wall. Under the combined force of its own weight and the friction between the raised stripes 111 of the buffer blades 110 and the borehole wall, the propellant cartridge 2 slowly slides into the borehole, reducing the acceleration of the propellant cartridge as it falls within the borehole 3. Figure 8 As shown. After the propellant cartridge 2 is lowered to the bottom, the bottom buffer part 130 at the bottom of the chassis 100 impacts the bottom of the gun hole and absorbs most of the impact energy, ensuring the integrity of the propellant cartridge structure after loading.

[0041] In actual operation, multiple cartridges can be cascaded together according to the designed charge volume. The bottom cartridge is fixed to the base plate 100 and placed into the borehole. Then, the other cartridges in the upper layers are placed into the borehole after the bottom cartridge. The falling speed of the bottom cartridge is lower than that of the other cartridges in the upper layers due to the buffer blades 110 on the base plate 100. Therefore, the subsequently deployed cartridges will press on the bottom cartridge, and finally, after being connected in series, they fall at a reduced speed to the bottom of the borehole, achieving safe and efficient deployment of multiple cartridges. When deploying multiple cartridges, the buffer blades 110 that can generate greater compressive friction on the borehole wall can be appropriately selected to accommodate the weight of the multiple cartridges.

[0042] The above embodiments are merely illustrative examples to clearly illustrate the present invention and are not intended to limit the implementation. Those skilled in the art will recognize that other variations or modifications can be made based on the above description. It is neither necessary nor possible to exhaustively list all embodiments here. However, obvious variations or modifications derived therefrom are still within the scope of protection of this invention.

Claims

1. A device for lowering a propellant cartridge into a vertical borehole, characterized in that: Includes a base (100) fixed to the bottom of the medicine roll, and a ring of upward and outward inclined buffer blades (110) is provided on the outer periphery of the base (100), and the buffer blades (110) have elastic deformation margin relative to the base (100); The chassis (100) and the buffer blade (110) are placed into the borehole together with the propellant roll. After the propellant roll enters the borehole, the buffer blade (110) is squeezed against the borehole wall to reduce the falling speed of the propellant roll in the borehole.

2. The device for lowering a propellant cartridge for a vertical borehole according to claim 1, characterized in that: The chassis (100) is provided with a medicine roll positioning groove (101) that matches the bottom of the medicine roll, and the side is provided with a lead wire groove (102).

3. The propellant cartridge lowering device for vertical boreholes according to claim 2, characterized in that: The chassis (100) is fixed to the bottom of the medicine roll by adhesive bonding.

4. A cartridge lowering device for vertical boreholes according to claim 2, characterized in that: The chassis (100) is provided with a fixing pin (120), and the chassis (100) is fixed by inserting the fixing pin (120) into the bottom of the medicine roll.

5. A cartridge lowering device for vertical boreholes according to claim 1, characterized in that: The buffer blade (110) is provided with wear-resistant raised stripes (111) on the outside, and the buffer blade (110) is pressed against the borehole wall through the raised stripes (111).

6. A cartridge lowering device for vertical boreholes according to claim 1, characterized in that: The buffer blades (110) are evenly distributed on the outer periphery of the chassis (100), and the buffer blades (110) are distributed in a spiral pattern along the outer periphery of the chassis.

7. A cartridge lowering device for vertical boreholes according to any one of claims 1-6, characterized in that: The bottom of the chassis (100) is also provided with a bottom buffer section (130).

8. A cartridge lowering device for vertical boreholes according to claim 7, characterized in that: The bottom buffer section (130) is an inflatable buffer cushion or an elastic buffer cushion made of elastic material.

9. A cartridge lowering device for vertical boreholes according to claim 8, characterized in that: The bottom buffer section (130) is detachably connected to the chassis (100) by snap or adhesive.

10. A method for loading a propellant using the apparatus according to any one of claims 1-9, characterized in that: Select a chassis of the appropriate size according to the borehole diameter. The outer diameter of the chassis is smaller than the borehole diameter, and the maximum outer diameter of the end of the buffer blades on it in the free state is larger than the borehole diameter. Fix the chassis to the bottom of the lowered cartridge case, and place the cartridge case into the borehole with the chassis facing down. The buffer blades on the chassis will be inserted into the borehole and squeezed against the borehole wall. Under the combined force of its own weight and the friction between the buffer blades and the borehole wall, the cartridge case will slowly slide into the borehole.

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