Non-contact detection of ice thickness and method

Abstract

The application relates to the technical field of road surface state detection, in particular to a non-contact detection device and method for ice thickness, wherein the non-contact detection device for ice thickness comprises a detection assembly and a protection assembly. The protection assembly comprises a blowing unit with a first state and a second state. When the blowing unit is in the first state, an air flow is output to the opening area of the protection shell to form an isolation air curtain, so that external dust and water vapor cannot adhere to the surface of the detection component, and the detection accuracy and stability of the detection component are ensured; when the accumulated ice and snow on the surface of the protection shell increase the self-weight and cause the protection shell to move downward, the blowing unit is automatically switched to the second state, the protection shell is driven to rotate relative to the detection shell and periodically vibrate up and down, the ice and snow adhered to the surface of the protection shell are shaken off under the action of the vibration impact force, the ice and snow are thrown off by the centrifugal force generated by the rotation of the protection shell, the detection operation is not affected by the shielding of the ice and snow, and automatic protection and ice and snow cleaning without manual intervention are realized.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of road surface condition detection technology, and in particular to a non-contact detection device and method for ice thickness. Background Technology

[0002] The non-contact ice thickness detection device integrates a laser ranging module and an infrared temperature sensor to collect real-time data on the distance difference and temperature parameters between the surface of the object being measured and the ice layer. Combined with a preset algorithm, it accurately calculates the ice thickness, achieving non-contact, non-destructive, and high-precision ice thickness monitoring. This device is suitable for identifying icing hazards on outdoor facilities such as power transmission lines, bridge railings, and wind turbine blades, effectively avoiding the interference and safety risks associated with contact detection. In use, the device is fixed at a preset point in the target monitoring area, and the automatic calibration program is initiated. The device then automatically collects data at a set frequency and synchronously uploads it to the terminal system for thickness display and over-limit warnings. The entire process requires no manual intervention, ensuring the continuity and reliability of monitoring.

[0003] Traditional detection devices use built-in heating modules to protect the optical windows of laser ranging modules and infrared temperature sensors. However, heating only removes moisture from the surface of the optical windows and cannot remove non-volatile substances such as de-icing agent salts, mud, and oil. Furthermore, the accelerated evaporation of moisture during heating can cause salts to crystallize on the optical window surface, forming a salt crust, or cause mud stains to solidify, directly leading to permanent physical blockage of the optical path. Moreover, when conducting laser and infrared optical window protection operations in extremely cold environments, the heating power must be increased to maintain the window temperature. The additional thermal radiation signal generated can create thermal noise interference with the infrared temperature sensor, causing severe distortion of the road ice thickness detection data. Summary of the Invention

[0004] Therefore, it is necessary to provide a non-contact ice thickness detection device to address the problem of inaccurate detection data caused by the heating module being protected in current non-contact ice thickness detection devices.

[0005] The above objectives are achieved through the following technical solutions: A non-contact device for detecting ice thickness, comprising: The detection assembly includes a detection housing and a detection component, the detection component being mounted on the detection housing for detecting road surface condition.

[0006] A protective assembly includes a protective housing and an air blowing unit. The protective housing is movably covered outside the detection housing and has an opening for the detection signal of the detection component to pass through. The air blowing unit has a first state and a second state. When the air blowing unit is in the first state, it outputs airflow to the opening area of ​​the protective housing to form an isolation air curtain. When the protective housing moves downward due to the accumulation of ice and snow on its surface, the air blowing unit adaptively switches to the second state. In the second state, the air blowing unit drives the protective housing to move relative to the detection housing.

[0007] Furthermore, the protective housing is provided with independent first gas flow channels and second gas flow channels; the protective housing is also provided with a plurality of first vent holes communicating with the first gas flow channels and a plurality of second vent holes communicating with the second gas flow channels.

[0008] When the air blowing unit is in the first state, the airflow is ejected downward through the first gas channel and the first air outlet to form the isolation air curtain; when the air blowing unit is in the second state, the airflow is ejected laterally through the second gas channel and the second air outlet, driving the protective shell to move.

[0009] Furthermore, the protective housing is also provided with a third air outlet that communicates with the second gas flow channel, and the opening direction of the third air outlet faces the internal cavity of the protective housing; when the blowing unit is in the second state, part of the airflow is sprayed onto the detection housing through the third air outlet.

[0010] Furthermore, the detection assembly also includes a mounting cylinder, which is coaxially fixedly connected to the detection housing, and has a first mounting hole and a second mounting hole spaced apart along the axial direction on its cylinder wall.

[0011] The air blowing unit includes a switching component connected to the protective housing. The switching component is slidably disposed within the mounting cylinder and has a first air inlet communicating with the first gas flow channel and a second air inlet communicating with the second gas flow channel. By axially sliding the switching component within the mounting cylinder, the first mounting hole can be selectively aligned with the first air inlet to connect with the first gas flow channel, or the second mounting hole can be aligned with the second air inlet to connect with the second gas flow channel.

[0012] Furthermore, a first connecting pipe is coaxially slidably disposed within the first mounting hole, and a second elastic element is disposed between the first connecting pipe and the wall of the first mounting hole. The elastic force of the second elastic element always causes the first connecting pipe to have a tendency to slide towards the axis of the mounting cylinder. A second connecting pipe is coaxially slidably disposed within the second mounting hole, and a third elastic element is disposed between the second connecting pipe and the wall of the second mounting hole. The elastic force of the third elastic element always causes the second connecting pipe to have a tendency to slide towards the axis of the mounting cylinder.

[0013] The switching component has a first annular groove at the position corresponding to the first mounting hole and a second annular groove at the position corresponding to the second mounting hole. When the air blowing unit is in the first state, the first connecting pipe is embedded in the first annular groove and communicates with the first air inlet. When the air blowing unit is in the second state, the second connecting pipe is embedded in the second annular groove and communicates with the second air inlet.

[0014] Furthermore, the groove wall of the first annular groove is provided with a driving inclined surface. When the switching component slides downward in the mounting cylinder, the driving inclined surface can drive the first connecting pipe away from the first annular groove.

[0015] The switching component has a snap-fit ​​groove on the lower side wall of the second annular groove. When the air blowing unit is in the first state, the second connecting pipe is embedded in the snap-fit ​​groove to restrict the rotation of the protective housing relative to the detection housing. The groove wall of the snap-fit ​​groove is provided with a guide slope, which is used to guide the second connecting pipe to be embedded in or detached from the snap-fit ​​groove.

[0016] Furthermore, the air blowing unit also includes a first elastic element, which is connected between the switching element and the detection housing. The elastic force of the first elastic element always causes the switching element to tend to move away from the detection housing.

[0017] Furthermore, the switching component includes a connecting shaft, a sliding block, and a fourth elastic element. The end of the connecting shaft is fixedly connected to the protective housing. The sliding block is sleeved on the connecting shaft and can slide along the axial direction of the connecting shaft. The first annular groove, the second annular groove, the snap-fit ​​groove, the first air inlet, and the second air inlet are disposed on the sliding block. When the blowing unit is in the first state, the airflow passes through the first air inlet and flows through the interior of the connecting shaft and the first gas flow channel. When the blowing unit is in the second state, the airflow passes through the second air inlet and flows through the interior of the connecting shaft and the second gas flow channel. The fourth elastic element is disposed between the sliding block and the connecting shaft to absorb the axial impact force received by the protective housing.

[0018] Furthermore, the air blowing unit also includes a first air pipe and a second air pipe, the first air pipe being connected to the first mounting hole; the second air pipe being connected to the second mounting hole; and a heating component being provided outside the second air pipe, the heating component being used to heat the gas flowing through the second air pipe.

[0019] The present invention also provides a non-contact method for detecting ice thickness, for executing the non-contact ice thickness detection device described in any one of the above claims, comprising the following steps: S100, the air blowing unit is placed in the first state, and airflow is output to the opening area of ​​the protective shell to form the isolation air curtain, blocking external impurities from contacting the detection component.

[0020] S200, when the surface of the protective housing moves downward due to the accumulation of ice and snow, the air blowing unit automatically switches from the first state to the second state.

[0021] S300, when the blowing unit is in the second state, the blowing unit drives the protective housing to move relative to the detection housing to remove the ice and snow accumulated on its surface.

[0022] S400, after the snow on the surface of the protective housing is cleared, the air blowing unit adaptively switches from the second state back to the first state, the opening is reset to the initial position, and the airflow to the opening area is resumed to form the isolation air curtain.

[0023] The beneficial effects of this invention are: This invention provides a non-contact detection device and method for ice thickness. The non-contact detection device includes a detection component and a protective component. The detection component includes a detection housing and a detection part for detecting road surface conditions. The protective component includes a protective housing and an air blowing unit. The protective housing is movably covered outside the detection housing and has an opening for the detection part to pass through for detection signals. The air blowing unit has a first state and a second state. In the first state, the air blowing unit outputs airflow to the opening area of ​​the protective housing to form an isolation air curtain, preventing external dust and moisture from adhering to the surface of the detection part, thus ensuring the detection accuracy and stability of the detection part. When ice and snow accumulate on the surface of the protective housing, causing its weight to increase and it to move downwards, the air blowing unit adaptively switches to the second state, driving the protective housing to rotate relative to the detection housing and periodically vibrate up and down. This causes the ice and snow adhering to the surface of the protective housing to be shaken off under the impact of vibration, and at the same time, the centrifugal force generated by the rotation of the protective housing is used to throw off the ice and snow, preventing ice and snow from blocking the opening and affecting the detection operation. This achieves automatic protection and ice and snow removal functions without manual intervention, significantly improving the continuous working capability of the detection device in low-temperature rain and snow environments. Attached Figure Description

[0024] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of a non-contact detection device for ice thickness provided in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 2 for Figure 1 The front view of the structure shown; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the detection component and protection component in a non-contact ice thickness detection device provided in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 4 for Figure 3 Exploded view of the structure shown; Figure 5 for Figure 3 The front view of the structure shown; Figure 6 for Figure 3 Side view of the structure shown; Figure 7 for Figure 5 A cross-sectional view along the AA direction; Figure 8 for Figure 5 Cross-sectional view along the BB direction; Figure 9 for Figure 6 A cross-sectional view in the CC direction when the first connecting pipe is embedded in the first annular groove; Figure 10 for Figure 6 A cross-sectional view in the CC direction when the second connecting pipe is embedded in the second annular groove; Figure 11 for Figure 6 A cross-sectional view in the CC direction when the second connecting pipe abuts against the guide slope; Figure 12 for Figure 9 A magnified view of a section at point D; Figure 13 for Figure 10 A magnified view of a section at point E in the middle; Figure 14 for Figure 11 A magnified view of a section at point F in the middle; Figure 15 A schematic diagram of the structure of a sliding block, a first connecting pipe, and a second connecting pipe in a non-contact ice thickness detection device provided in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 16 This is a schematic diagram of the sliding block in a non-contact detection device for ice thickness provided in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0025] in: 110. Vertical bar; 120. Horizontal bar; 210. Detection housing; 211. Base; 221. Laser emitting component; 222. Laser receiving component; 230. Infrared detection component; 240. Mounting cylinder; 241. First connecting pipe; 242. Second connecting pipe; 243. First limiting block; 244. Second compression spring; 250. Limiting cylinder; 310. Protective housing; 311. First gas flow channel; 312. Second gas flow channel; 313. First vent; 314. Second vent; 315. Third vent; 320. Sliding block; 321. First inlet; 322. Second inlet; 323. Snap-fit ​​groove; 330. Connecting shaft; 331. Connecting block; 340. First compression spring; 350. Fourth compression spring; 410. Air pump; 420. Diverter pipe; 430. First vent pipe; 440. Second vent pipe; 441. Heating wire. Detailed Implementation

[0026] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of this invention clearer, the invention will be further described in detail below through embodiments and in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the invention and are not intended to limit the invention.

[0027] The component designations used in this document, such as "first" and "second," are merely for distinguishing the described objects and do not have any sequential or technical meaning. The terms "connection" and "linkage" used in this invention, unless otherwise specified, include both direct and indirect connections (linkages). It should be understood that the terms "upper," "lower," "front," "rear," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "top," "bottom," "inner," "outer," "clockwise," and "counterclockwise," indicating orientations or positional relationships, are based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings and are used only for the convenience of describing the invention and simplifying the description. They do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as limiting the invention.

[0028] In this invention, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, "above" or "below" the second feature can mean that the first feature is in direct contact with the second feature, or that the first feature is in indirect contact with the second feature through an intermediate medium. Furthermore, "above," "over," and "on top" of the second feature can mean that the first feature is directly above or diagonally above the second feature, or simply that the first feature is at a higher horizontal level than the second feature. "Below," "below," and "under" the second feature can mean that the first feature is directly below or diagonally below the second feature, or simply that the first feature is at a lower horizontal level than the second feature.

[0029] The following reference Figures 1 to 16This invention describes a non-contact detection device for ice thickness, comprising a fixing component, a detection component, and a protective component.

[0030] Specifically, the fixing components include a vertical rod 110 and a horizontal rod 120. The vertical rod 110 has a columnar structure, is vertically and fixedly installed on the road surface, and provides vertical support for the horizontal rod 120, ensuring that the horizontal rod 120 is at a preset horizontal height. The horizontal rod 120 has a long strip structure, one end of which is fixedly connected to the vertical rod 110, and the horizontal rod 120 is horizontal in general and extends perpendicularly to the vertical rod 110 into the detection area.

[0031] The detection assembly includes a detection housing 210 and detection components.

[0032] The detection housing 210 is a hollow cylindrical structure, and its lower end face is fixedly connected to the crossbar 120 through the base 211. The base 211 is a support structure, and its upper surface is coaxially fixedly connected to the detection housing 210. Its lower end is fixedly connected to the upper surface of the end of the crossbar 120 away from the vertical bar 110, providing a stable mounting base for the detection housing 210.

[0033] The detection components include a distance detection unit and a temperature detection unit. The distance detection unit includes a laser emitting component 221 and a laser receiving component 222. The laser emitting component 221 and the laser receiving component 222 are fixedly installed on the detection housing 210 at intervals along its axial direction. The emitting end of the laser emitting component 221 and the receiving end of the laser receiving component 222 both face the road surface being detected. The distance from the detection housing 210 to the road surface or ice layer surface is calculated using the time difference between laser emission and reception. The temperature detection unit includes an infrared detection component 230. The infrared detection component 230 is fixedly installed on the detection housing 210 with its detection end facing the road surface being detected. Its installation position does not interfere with the laser emitting component 221 and the laser receiving component 222. The infrared detection component 230 obtains the surface temperature of the road surface and ice layer through infrared detection, providing temperature parameters for icing determination.

[0034] The protective assembly includes a protective housing 310. The protective housing 310 is a hollow, dome-shaped structure that matches the shape of the detection housing 210. It is movably connected to the detection housing 210 and completely covers the outside of the detection housing 210, protecting it from external debris such as rainwater, dust, and snow. The protective housing 310 has rectangular openings at the detection positions corresponding to the laser emitting component 221, the laser receiving component 222, and the infrared detection component 230. The opening size perfectly matches the detection range of the detection components, ensuring normal transmission of laser and infrared signals while providing protection, thus preventing any impact on detection accuracy.

[0035] To address the adverse effects of traditional heating methods failing to remove non-volatile substances, the protective assembly also includes an air blowing unit. This air blowing unit has a first state and a second state. When in the first state, it outputs a stable airflow to the opening area of ​​the protective housing 310, forming an isolation air curtain to prevent external dust, moisture, and other impurities from contaminating the detection components and ensuring stable transmission of the detection signal. When ice and snow accumulate on the outer surface of the protective housing 310, the air blowing unit adaptively switches from the first state to the second state. In the second state, the air blowing unit drives the protective housing 310 to move relative to the detection housing 210, achieving efficient removal of accumulated ice and snow from the surface of the protective housing 310.

[0036] Specifically, the protective housing 310 has a first gas flow channel 311 and a second gas flow channel 312 inside, which are not interconnected. Both the first gas flow channel 311 and the second gas flow channel 312 are main-channel branching structures, extending from a main pipe to several branch pipes to achieve multi-path airflow delivery. The branch pipes of the first gas flow channel 311 extend axially along the side wall of the protective housing 310 and are evenly distributed circumferentially along the protective housing 310; the branch pipes of the second gas flow channel 312 extend circumferentially along the side wall of the protective housing 310 and are evenly distributed axially along the protective housing 310.

[0037] The protective housing 310 is also provided with multiple first vent holes 313 and multiple second vent holes 314.

[0038] Multiple first air outlets 313 are located on the upper wall region of the opening of the protective housing 310. Each first air outlet 313 is connected to a branch pipe of the first gas flow channel 311 to spray high-pressure airflow downwards when the blowing unit is in the first state, forming a continuous and dense isolation air curtain between the laser emitting component 221, the laser receiving component 222, the infrared detection component 230 and the external environment. Multiple second air outlets 314 are located on one side wall region of the opening of the protective housing 310. The spray direction of the second air outlets 314 is towards the external environment and forms a preset angle with the tangent direction of the protective housing 310. Each second air outlet 314 is connected to a branch pipe of the second gas flow channel 312 to spray high-pressure airflow outwards when the blowing unit is in the second state. The preset angle can be specifically set according to the external dimensions of the protective housing 310, the ice and snow adhesion characteristics, and the required driving force.

[0039] The detection assembly also includes an installation cylinder 240 and a limiting cylinder 250.

[0040] The mounting cylinder 240 is a hollow cylindrical structure, and its lower end face is coaxially and fixedly connected to the upper end face of the detection housing 210. The cylinder wall of the mounting cylinder 240 is provided with a first mounting hole and a second mounting hole from top to bottom along its own axial direction. The first mounting hole is located in the upper region of the mounting cylinder 240, and the second mounting hole is located in the lower region of the mounting cylinder 240. Both the first mounting hole and the second mounting hole penetrate the cylinder wall radially along the mounting cylinder 240, and the axes of the first mounting hole and the second mounting hole are parallel to each other.

[0041] A first connecting pipe 241 is coaxially slidably disposed within a first mounting hole, and a second connecting pipe 242 is coaxially slidably disposed within a second mounting hole. The first connecting pipe 241 and the second connecting pipe 242 have completely identical structural specifications. Both the first connecting pipe 241 and the second connecting pipe 242 are divided into a sliding section and an extending section along their own axis. The outer diameter of the extending section is smaller than the outer diameter of the sliding section. The outer diameter of the sliding section is clearance-fitted with the inner diameter of the first mounting hole and the second mounting hole to achieve stable sliding of the first connecting pipe 241 and the second connecting pipe 242.

[0042] A first limiting block 243 extends outward from the wall of the first mounting hole. The first limiting block 243 is coaxially arranged with the first mounting hole. A second elastic element, a second compression spring 244, is provided between the first limiting block 243 and the sliding end face of the first connecting pipe 241. One end of the second compression spring 244 is fixedly connected to the first limiting block 243, and the other end is fixedly connected to the sliding end face of the first connecting pipe 241. The elastic force of the second compression spring 244 continuously drives the first connecting pipe 241 to slide towards the axis of the mounting cylinder 240.

[0043] A second limiting block extends outward from the wall of the second mounting hole and is coaxially arranged with the second mounting hole. A third elastic element, a third compression spring, is provided between the second limiting block and the sliding end face of the second connecting pipe 242. One end of the third compression spring is fixedly connected to the second limiting block, and the other end is fixedly connected to the sliding end face of the second connecting pipe 242. The elastic force of the third compression spring continuously drives the second connecting pipe 242 to slide towards the axis of the mounting cylinder 240.

[0044] The limiting cylinder 250 is a hollow cylindrical structure, with its outer diameter fitting a clearance fit with the inner diameter of the mounting cylinder 240. The limiting cylinder 250 is coaxially embedded in the internal cavity of the mounting cylinder 240. Two through holes are respectively formed on the cylinder wall of the limiting cylinder 250 at positions corresponding to the first and second mounting holes. The inner diameter of the through holes is consistent with the outer diameter of the extended sections of the first connecting pipe 241 and the second connecting pipe 242. The extended sections of both the first connecting pipe 241 and the second connecting pipe 242 can reciprocate along the axis of the through holes. The limiting cylinder 250 is used to limit the sliding stroke of the first connecting pipe 241 and the second connecting pipe 242 to ensure smooth air intake.

[0045] The air blowing unit includes a switching component, a first elastic component, an air pump 410, a diverter pipe 420, a first air pipe 430, and a second air pipe 440.

[0046] The switching component is a cylindrical block structure, which is fixedly connected to the end face of the protective housing 310 facing the detection housing 210. The switching component can be coaxially embedded inside the mounting cylinder 240, and can also rotate circumferentially and slide axially relative to the mounting cylinder 240.

[0047] The switching component has a first annular groove and a second annular groove sequentially formed from top to bottom along its own axial direction. The first annular groove corresponds to the first mounting hole at the upper part of the mounting cylinder 240, and the second annular groove corresponds to the second mounting hole at the lower part of the mounting cylinder 240. The axial distance between the first and second annular grooves is less than the axial distance between the first and second mounting holes, so that when the first annular groove is aligned with the first mounting hole, the second annular groove is misaligned with the second mounting hole; and when the second annular groove is aligned with the second mounting hole, the first annular groove is misaligned with the first mounting hole. The upper wall of the first annular groove is provided with a driving inclined surface, which extends radially upward along the mounting cylinder 240. As the switching component moves downward along the axis of the mounting cylinder 240, the driving inclined surface can push the first connecting pipe 241 to slide radially away from the first annular groove.

[0048] The switching component has multiple first air inlets 321 evenly distributed circumferentially on the wall of the first annular groove. The first air inlets 321 penetrate the interior of the switching component and are connected to the main pipe of the first gas flow channel 311 of the protective housing 310. The switching component has multiple second air inlets 322 evenly distributed circumferentially on the wall of the second annular groove. The second air inlets 322 penetrate the interior of the switching component and are connected to the main pipe of the second gas flow channel 312 of the protective housing 310.

[0049] The switching component has a locking groove 323 on the lower side wall of the second annular groove. The groove depth of the locking groove 323 is less than the groove depth of the second annular groove, allowing the protruding section of the second connecting tube 242 to be inserted into the locking groove 323, thereby restricting the relative rotation between the protective housing 310 and the detection housing 210. Guide ramps are provided on both sides and in the middle of the upper end of the locking groove 323 to guide the protruding section of the second connecting tube 242 to smoothly insert into or detach from the locking groove 323. When the second connecting tube 242 is inserted into the locking groove 323, the detection opening of the protective housing 310 is in a preset initial position.

[0050] The first elastic element is a first compression spring 340, one end of which is fixedly connected to the lower end face of the switching element, and the other end is fixedly connected to the upper end face of the detection housing 210. The elastic force of the first compression spring 340 always makes the switching element tend to move away from the detection housing 210.

[0051] The air pump 410 is a miniature high-pressure air pump, fixedly mounted on the base 211 and located inside the detection housing 210, used to generate and output high-pressure airflow at a preset pressure. The splitter pipe 420 has one inlet end and two independent outlet ends. Its inlet end is sealed to the airflow output port of the air pump 410, enabling the single-path airflow input from the air pump 410 to be evenly distributed to the two outlet ends. Both the first vent pipe 430 and the second vent pipe 440 penetrate the upper wall of the detection housing 210. One end of the first vent pipe 430 is sealed to one outlet end of the splitter pipe 420, and the other end is sealed to the first limiting block 243, to achieve directional delivery of high-pressure airflow to the first gas flow channel 311. One end of the second vent pipe 440 is sealed to the other outlet end of the splitter pipe 420, and the other end is sealed to the second limiting block, to achieve directional delivery of high-pressure airflow to the second gas flow channel 312.

[0052] The non-contact detection device for ice thickness provided in this embodiment of the invention has a normal working mode and a de-icing working mode.

[0053] When the detection device is in normal operating mode, the air blowing unit is in the first state. At this time, the first connecting pipe 241 slides into the first annular groove under the elastic force of the second compression spring 244. The limiting cylinder 250 limits the sliding of the first connecting pipe 241, so that the end of the first connecting pipe 241 and the first air inlet 321 maintain a fixed distance to ensure smooth air intake. The second connecting pipe 242 abuts against the locking groove 323 under the elastic force of the third compression spring. The groove wall of the locking groove 323 limits the second connecting pipe 242 and completely seals the second connecting pipe 242, while preventing relative rotation between the protective housing 310 and the detection housing 210.

[0054] After the air pump 410 starts, the high-pressure gas generated is diverted through the diverter pipe 420 and then transported to the first limiting block 243 through the first vent pipe 430. It then enters the first air inlet 321 through the first connecting pipe 241 and finally flows into the first gas flow channel 311. It is then sprayed downwards through multiple first air outlets 313 on the protective housing 310, forming a continuous and uniform isolation air curtain between the laser emitting component 221, the laser receiving component 222, and the infrared detection component 230 and the external environment. This effectively blocks dust, water vapor, condensation, and other impurities from adhering to the surface of the detection components, preventing the detection light path from being blocked or the detection surface from being contaminated. This effectively ensures the stable transmission of the laser signal and the accuracy of infrared detection, while reducing the erosion of the detection components by the external environment, extending their service life, and ensuring that the detection device can continuously output reliable road condition detection data under complex weather conditions.

[0055] When ice and snow accumulate on the protective housing 310, the gravity of the ice and snow pushes the protective housing 310 downwards, which in turn drives the switching component to move downwards along the axial direction of the mounting cylinder 240, further compressing the first compression spring 340. During this process, the driving ramp on the first annular groove contacts the end of the first connecting tube 241. As the switching component continues to move downwards, the radial component of the driving ramp pushes the first connecting tube 241 away from the first annular groove, compressing the second compression spring 244 until the first connecting tube 241 is completely disengaged from the first annular groove. During the process of the switching component moving downwards until the second annular groove aligns with the second mounting hole, the second connecting tube 242 abuts against the guide ramp in the middle of the snap-fit ​​groove 323, and the elastic force of the third compression spring pushes the second connecting tube 242 to slide along the middle guide ramp. Finally, the second annular groove aligns with the second mounting hole, and the second connecting tube 242 is embedded in the second annular groove. At this time, the detection device switches to the de-icing working mode, and the air blowing unit enters the second state.

[0056] When the air blowing unit is in the second state, the end of the first connecting pipe 241 abuts against the wall of the switching member above the first annular groove, blocking the gas flow path of the first vent pipe 430; the second connecting pipe 242 is located in the second annular groove, and the limiting cylinder 250 aligns the second connecting pipe 242 with the second air inlet 322 and maintains a fixed distance. The high-pressure gas generated by the air pump 410 is diverted by the diverter pipe 420, then transported to the second limiting block through the second vent pipe 440, and then enters the second air inlet 322 through the second connecting pipe 242, and finally flows into the second gas flow channel 312, and is sprayed outward from the multiple second air outlets 314 on the side peripheral wall of the protective housing 310 opening. Since the spray direction of the second air outlet 314 is at a preset angle to the tangential direction of the protective housing 310, the reaction force generated by the spray drives the protective housing 310 to rotate at high speed around the axis of the detection housing 210. During the rotation, the ice and snow on the protective housing 310 are removed from the surface of the protective housing 310 under the action of centrifugal force, avoiding the ice and snow from blocking the opening and affecting the detection operation, thus realizing automatic protection and ice and snow removal functions without manual intervention.

[0057] As the accumulated ice and snow on the protective housing 310 gradually fall off, the overall weight of the protective housing 310 decreases. When the protective housing 310 completes one circumferential rotation, the elastic force of the first compression spring 340 pushes the switching component to move upward along the axis of the mounting cylinder 240, and drives the protective housing 310 to move upward synchronously. During this process, the second connecting pipe 242 slides downward relative to the switching component along the guide slope on one side of the snap-fit ​​groove 323, showing a tendency to disengage from the second annular groove. However, at this time, there is still residual ice and snow on the surface of the protective housing 310, and its weight still keeps the first compression spring 340 in a partially compressed state. As the protective housing 310 continues to rotate, when the second connecting pipe 242 contacts the guide slope on the other side of the snap-fit ​​groove 323, the second connecting pipe 242 slides upward relative to the switching component along that side of the guide slope. The thrust generated by the sliding overcomes the elastic force of the first compression spring 340, causing the switching component to drive the protective housing 310 downward, and the second connecting pipe 242 is then re-embedded into the second annular groove. The above process repeats itself, driving the protective shell 310 to vibrate periodically up and down. The impact force generated during the vibration shakes off the ice and snow that are tightly attached to the surface of the protective shell 310, thereby further improving the ice and snow removal effect.

[0058] After the accumulated ice and snow on the surface of the protective housing 310 are completely cleared, its overall weight returns to its initial state. When the protective housing 310 completes another circumferential rotation and the second connecting pipe 242 and the locking groove 323 are axially aligned, the elastic potential energy of the first compression spring 340 is fully released, pushing the switching component to move instantaneously upward along the axis of the mounting cylinder 240, and causing the protective housing 310 to move upward synchronously. During this process, the second connecting pipe 242 is embedded into the locking groove 323 along the guide slope in the middle of the locking groove 323, and the groove wall of the locking groove 323 immediately blocks the second connecting pipe 242, while restricting the relative rotation between the protective housing 310 and the detection housing 210, so that the detection opening of the protective housing 310 is reset to the preset initial position. At the same time, the switching component moves upward to the position where the first annular groove is aligned with the first mounting hole, and the elastic force of the second compression spring 244 pushes the first connecting pipe 241 to re-embed into the first annular groove, so that the air passage from the first vent pipe 430 to the first gas flow channel 311 is unobstructed. At this point, the detection device re-enters normal operating mode, and the air blowing unit switches from the second state to the first state, continuously ejecting airflow through the first air outlet 313 to form a stable isolation air curtain between the laser emitting component 221, the laser receiving component 222, the infrared detection component 230 and the external environment.

[0059] Understandably, the first connecting pipe 241 and the second connecting pipe 242, under the elastic force of the second compression spring 244 and the third compression spring, will generate sliding friction when they are in close contact with the outer wall of the switching component, thus hindering the smooth rotation of the protective housing 310. Based on this, the power of the air pump 410 can be increased to enhance the jet reaction force, ensuring that it can overcome the combined force of sliding friction and the rotational inertia of the protective housing 310, thus guaranteeing the smoothness of the protective housing 310's start-up and rotation. Alternatively, a smooth coating can be provided at the contact ends of the first connecting pipe 241 and the second connecting pipe 242. This smooth coating can be made of a low-friction coefficient material such as polytetrafluoroethylene, reducing sliding friction by lowering the friction coefficient of the contact surface. Therefore, without needing to increase the jet reaction force, the interference of sliding friction resistance on the rotation of the protective housing 310 can be avoided.

[0060] Furthermore, to improve assembly convenience, the lower end face of the limiting cylinder 250 is machined with a driving slope, and the lower end face of the switching component and the groove walls of the first and second annular grooves near the inner wall of the mounting cylinder 240 are also machined with driving slopes. The driving slopes all extend radially upward along the mounting cylinder 240.

[0061] During assembly, as the limiting cylinder 250 is coaxially embedded into the mounting cylinder 240, the driving inclined surface of the lower end face of the limiting cylinder 250 contacts the extended end faces of the first connecting pipe 241 and the second connecting pipe 242. Guided by the driving inclined surface, the first connecting pipe 241 and the second connecting pipe 242 slide away from the limiting cylinder 250. When the switching component is coaxially installed into the mounting cylinder 240, the driving inclined surface on the switching component contacts the extended end faces of the first connecting pipe 241 and the second connecting pipe 242 again. Guided by the driving inclined surface, the first connecting pipe 241 and the second connecting pipe 242 slide away from the switching component. Thus, the limiting cylinder 250 and the switching component can be smoothly installed into the mounting cylinder 240 sequentially, reducing the difficulty of the assembly operation.

[0062] In one embodiment, to prevent the instantaneous impact force generated by rain hitting the protective housing 310 from accidentally triggering the state switching, the switching component includes a sliding block 320, a connecting shaft 330, and a fourth elastic element.

[0063] Specifically, the sliding block 320 has a columnar structure with square holes penetrating both axial ends inside. The sliding block 320 has a first annular groove and a second annular groove sequentially formed from top to bottom along its axial direction. The first annular groove corresponds to the first mounting hole at the top of the mounting cylinder 240, and the second annular groove corresponds to the second mounting hole at the bottom of the mounting cylinder 240. The axial distance between the first and second annular grooves is less than the axial distance between the first and second mounting holes. The sliding block 320 has multiple first air inlets 321 evenly distributed circumferentially on the wall of the first annular groove, and multiple second air inlets 322 evenly distributed circumferentially on the wall of the second annular groove. The sliding block 320 has a snap-fit ​​groove 323 on the lower side wall of the second annular groove, into which the second connecting pipe 242 can be inserted. Guide slopes are provided on both sides and the middle of the upper end of the snap-fit ​​groove 323 to guide the second connecting pipe 242 smoothly into or out of the snap-fit ​​groove 323. When the second connecting tube 242 is inserted into the snap-fit ​​groove 323, the detection opening of the protective housing 310 is in the preset initial position.

[0064] The connecting shaft 330 is a square rod adapted to the square hole of the sliding block 320. One end of the rod is coaxially and fixedly connected to the end face of the protective housing 310 facing the detection housing 210, and the other end passes through the square hole of the sliding block 320 and extends out. The extended end is detachably and fixedly connected to the connecting block 331 by a thread. The connecting shaft 330 has gas passages that communicate with the first gas flow channel 311 and the second gas flow channel 312 respectively. The side wall of the connecting shaft 330 has a first circular hole and a second circular hole. The first circular hole communicates with the first air inlet 321 of the sliding block 320, and thus connects to the first gas flow channel 311; the second circular hole communicates with the second air inlet 322 of the sliding block 320, and thus connects to the second gas flow channel 312. Furthermore, the connecting shaft 330 is provided with annular grooves on the outer periphery of the first circular hole and the second circular hole. The annular grooves extend a preset length along the axial direction of the connecting shaft 330 to ensure that when the sliding block 320 slides relative to the connecting shaft 330, the first air inlet 321 and the first circular hole, and the second air inlet 322 and the second circular hole can remain in a connected state, ensuring that the air passage is unobstructed.

[0065] The fourth elastic element is a fourth compression spring 350. Two fourth compression springs 350 are provided, located at opposite ends of the sliding block 320 along its axial direction. The upper fourth compression spring 350 is fitted onto the upper region of the connecting shaft 330, with one end fixedly connected to the upper end face of the sliding block 320 and the other end fixedly connected to the shoulder of the connecting shaft 330. The lower fourth compression spring 350 is fitted onto the lower region of the connecting shaft 330, with one end fixedly connected to the lower end face of the sliding block 320 and the other end fixedly connected to the upper end face of the connecting block 331. Both fourth compression springs 350 are initially in a pre-compressed state.

[0066] When rainwater hits the protective housing 310 and generates an instantaneous impact force, this force drives the connecting shaft 330 downward along the axial direction, thereby forming a secondary compression on the upper fourth compression spring 350 and simultaneously generating a tensile force on the lower fourth compression spring 350. The two fourth compression springs 350 absorb the energy of the instantaneous impact force through the elastic deformation of compression and tension, buffering and offsetting the instantaneous axial displacement tendency of the connecting shaft 330. This prevents the sliding block 320 from moving downward synchronously with the connecting shaft 330, causing misalignment between the first annular groove and the first mounting hole, and between the second annular groove and the second mounting hole. This effectively prevents the air blowing unit from accidentally switching to the second state due to rainwater impact, ensuring the stability of the normal working mode of the detection device.

[0067] Furthermore, a third vent 315 is provided on one side wall region of the detection opening of the protective housing 310 at a position corresponding to the second vent 314. The opening direction of the third vent 315 faces the internal cavity of the protective housing 310 and is connected to a branch pipe of the second gas flow channel 312.

[0068] When the blowing unit switches to the second state, and high-pressure airflow is introduced into the second gas flow channel 312, part of the airflow is ejected through the second air outlet 314 to drive the protective housing 310 to move; another part of the airflow is injected into the protective housing 310 through the third air outlet 315. The heat energy of the airflow directly acts on the surface of the laser emitting component 221, the laser receiving component 222 and the infrared detection component 230, thereby achieving active heating of the detection components, effectively reducing the probability of icing on the surface of the detection components in low-temperature environments, preventing the detection components from failing due to icing, and ensuring stable transmission of detection signals and continuous detection operations.

[0069] Furthermore, a heating component is also provided outside the second vent pipe 440. The heating component includes a heat-insulating shell and a heating wire 441. The heat-insulating shell is made of high-temperature resistant insulating material, has a cylindrical structure, and is fixedly sleeved on the end of the second vent pipe 440 near the diverter pipe 420. The heat-insulating shell is tightly fitted to the outer wall of the second vent pipe 440 to ensure heat transfer efficiency. The heating wire 441 is made of high-resistance heating material and is located inside the heat-insulating shell. The heating power of the heating wire 441 can be adjusted by a control circuit. When the blowing unit switches to the second state to clear snow and ice from the protective shell 310, the heating wire 441 heats up and conducts the heat to the wall of the second vent pipe 440, preheating the high-pressure airflow flowing inside the second vent pipe 440, maintaining a certain temperature for the ejected airflow, and improving the melting efficiency of snow on the surface of the protective shell 310.

[0070] This invention also provides a non-contact method for detecting ice thickness, applied to the non-contact ice thickness detection device in the above embodiments, comprising the following steps: S100, initial power-on and normal operation mode establishment.

[0071] S110, the detection components are powered on, and the laser emitting component 221, the laser receiving component 222, and the infrared detection component 230 begin to work, performing non-contact detection of the road surface condition.

[0072] S120, air pump 410 starts, generating high-pressure airflow.

[0073] S130, the air blowing unit is in the first state. The airflow passes sequentially through the split pipe 420, the first air pipe 430, the first connecting pipe 241, the first air inlet 321 on the sliding block 320, and the first round hole on the connecting shaft 330, and enters the first gas flow channel 311 inside the protective housing 310.

[0074] S140, high-pressure airflow is ejected downward from multiple first air outlets 313 above the opening of the protective housing 310, forming a continuous and dense isolation air curtain in front of the optical windows of the laser emitting component 221, the laser receiving component 222, and the infrared detection component 230, blocking moisture, dust, salt and other impurities from the external environment.

[0075] At point S150, the first connecting pipe 241, under the action of the second compression spring 244, is embedded in the first annular groove of the sliding block 320, ensuring that the first gas flow channel 311 is unobstructed; the second connecting pipe 242, under the action of the third compression spring, is engaged in the locking groove 323 on the lower side of the second annular groove of the sliding block 320, blocking the second gas flow channel 312 and restricting the relative rotation between the protective housing 310 and the detection housing 210. The first compression spring 340 is in a slightly compressed state, and the protective housing 310 is in the initial height position.

[0076] S200, snow accumulation trigger mode switching detection.

[0077] S210, when the outer surface of the protective housing 310 increases in weight due to snow or ice accumulation, its gravity overcomes the elastic force of the first compression spring 340, and drives the sliding block 320 to slide downward along the mounting cylinder 240 axially through the connecting shaft 330.

[0078] S220, during the downward movement of the sliding block 320, the driving inclined surface of the first annular groove contacts the end of the first connecting pipe 241 and forces it to slide radially outward, compressing the second compression spring 244 until the first connecting pipe 241 completely disengages from the first annular groove, blocking the first gas flow channel 311.

[0079] S230, at the same time, as the sliding block 320 and the connecting shaft 330 continue to move downward, the end of the second connecting tube 242 contacts the guide slope of the snap-fit ​​groove 323, and slides along the guide slope under the action of the third compression spring, and finally disengages from the snap-fit ​​groove 323.

[0080] S240, when the sliding block 320 moves down until its second annular groove is axially aligned with the second mounting hole on the mounting cylinder 240, the second connecting pipe 242 is inserted into the second annular groove under the action of the third compression spring, connecting the second gas flow channel 312. The system thus completes the adaptive switching from the first state to the second state.

[0081] S300, in de-icing mode.

[0082] S310, the air blowing unit enters the second state. The high-pressure airflow generated by the air pump 410 switches paths and passes sequentially through the diverter pipe 420, the second air pipe 440, the second connecting pipe 242, the second air inlet 322 on the sliding block 320, and the second round hole on the connecting shaft 330, and enters the second gas flow channel 312 inside the protective housing 310.

[0083] S320, the heating wire 441 outside the second vent pipe 440 preheats the airflow flowing towards the second gas channel 312.

[0084] S330, partially preheated high-pressure airflow is ejected obliquely outward from multiple second air outlets 314 on the side wall of the protective housing 310. Since the jet direction is at a preset angle to the tangential direction of the protective housing 310, the resulting reaction force drives the protective housing 310 to rotate at high speed around the axis of the detection housing 210.

[0085] S340, under the action of centrifugal force, most of the ice and snow accumulated on the surface of the protective shell 310 is shaken off.

[0086] S350, at the same time, part of the airflow is sprayed into the protective housing 310 through the third air outlet 315. The airflow directly acts on the surface of the laser emitting component 221, the laser receiving component 222 and the infrared detection component 230. The airflow actively heats up the detection components, reducing the probability of icing on the surface of each detection component in low-temperature environments.

[0087] S360, during the rotation of the protective housing 310, due to the periodic interaction between the second connecting pipe 242 and the locking groove 323 on the sliding block 320, and with the cooperation of the first compression spring 340, the protective housing 310 is driven to generate periodic axial vibration while rotating, further shaking off the tightly attached ice and snow.

[0088] S400, ice removal and automatic mode recovery.

[0089] S410, when the ice and snow on the surface of the protective housing 310 are completely cleared, its weight is reduced to the initial value.

[0090] S420, the elastic potential energy stored in the first compression spring 340 is released, pushing the sliding block 320, the connecting shaft 330 and the protective housing 310 to quickly rebound upwards.

[0091] S430, during the rebound process, the second connecting pipe 242 slides into the snap-fit ​​groove 323 along the guide slope of the snap-fit ​​groove 323 and locks in place, blocking the second gas flow channel 312; at the same time, the first annular groove and the first mounting hole are realigned.

[0092] S440, the first connecting pipe 241 is re-embedded in the first annular groove under the action of the second compression spring 244, restoring the connection of the first gas flow channel 311.

[0093] S450, the airflow resumes, spraying downwards from the first air outlet 313 to form an isolation air curtain, and the blowing unit returns to its first state. The protective housing 310 also resets to its initial height and angle, and the detection device fully returns to normal operating mode S100.

[0094] S500 When rain or other instantaneous impact forces act on the protective housing 310, the impact force is transmitted through the connecting shaft 330 and absorbed by the fourth compression spring 350 through compression and tension, preventing the sliding block 320 from being mis-displaced, thereby avoiding the wrong switching of the working mode due to instantaneous impact and ensuring the stability of the normal working mode S100.

[0095] The technical features of the above embodiments can be combined in any way. For the sake of brevity, not all possible combinations of the technical features in the above embodiments are described. However, as long as there is no contradiction in the combination of these technical features, they should be considered to be within the scope of this specification.

[0096] The embodiments described above are merely illustrative of several implementations of the present invention, and while the descriptions are specific and detailed, they should not be construed as limiting the scope of the invention. It should be noted that those skilled in the art can make various modifications and improvements without departing from the concept of the present invention, and these modifications and improvements all fall within the scope of protection of the present invention. Therefore, the scope of protection of the present invention should be determined by the appended claims.

Claims

1. A non-contact detection device for ice thickness, characterized in that, include: A detection assembly, comprising a detection housing and a detection component, wherein the detection component is mounted on the detection housing and is used to detect road surface condition; A protective assembly includes a protective housing and an air blowing unit. The protective housing is movably covered outside the detection housing and has an opening for the detection signal of the detection component to pass through. The air blowing unit has a first state and a second state. When the air blowing unit is in the first state, it outputs airflow to the opening area of ​​the protective housing to form an isolation air curtain. When the protective housing moves downwards due to the accumulation of ice and snow on its surface, the air blowing unit adaptively switches to the second state; in the second state, the air blowing unit drives the protective housing to move relative to the detection housing.

2. The non-contact detection device for ice thickness according to claim 1, characterized in that, The protective shell is provided with a first gas flow channel and a second gas flow channel that are independent of each other; the protective shell is also provided with a plurality of first vent holes that communicate with the first gas flow channel and a plurality of second vent holes that communicate with the second gas flow channel. When the air blowing unit is in the first state, the airflow is ejected downward through the first gas channel and the first air outlet to form the isolation air curtain; when the air blowing unit is in the second state, the airflow is ejected laterally through the second gas channel and the second air outlet, driving the protective shell to move.

3. The non-contact detection device for ice thickness according to claim 2, characterized in that, The protective housing is also provided with a third air outlet that communicates with the second gas flow channel, and the opening direction of the third air outlet faces the internal cavity of the protective housing; when the blowing unit is in the second state, part of the airflow is sprayed onto the detection housing through the third air outlet.

4. The non-contact detection device for ice thickness according to claim 2, characterized in that, The detection assembly also includes a mounting cylinder, which is coaxially and fixedly connected to the detection housing. A first mounting hole and a second mounting hole are provided axially spaced on the cylinder wall. The air blowing unit includes a switching component connected to the protective housing. The switching component is slidably disposed within the mounting cylinder and has a first air inlet communicating with the first gas flow channel and a second air inlet communicating with the second gas flow channel. By axially sliding the switching component within the mounting cylinder, the first mounting hole can be selectively aligned with the first air inlet to connect with the first gas flow channel, or the second mounting hole can be aligned with the second air inlet to connect with the second gas flow channel.

5. The non-contact detection device for ice thickness according to claim 4, characterized in that, A first connecting pipe is slidably disposed coaxially within the first mounting hole, and a second elastic element is disposed between the first connecting pipe and the wall of the first mounting hole. The elastic force of the second elastic element always causes the first connecting pipe to slide towards the axis of the mounting cylinder. A second connecting pipe is slidably disposed coaxially within the second mounting hole, and a third elastic element is disposed between the second connecting pipe and the wall of the second mounting hole. The elastic force of the third elastic element always causes the second connecting pipe to slide towards the axis of the mounting cylinder. The switching component has a first annular groove at the position corresponding to the first mounting hole and a second annular groove at the position corresponding to the second mounting hole. When the air blowing unit is in the first state, the first connecting pipe is embedded in the first annular groove and communicates with the first air inlet. When the air blowing unit is in the second state, the second connecting pipe is embedded in the second annular groove and communicates with the second air inlet.

6. The non-contact detection device for ice thickness according to claim 5, characterized in that, The first annular groove has a driving inclined surface on its groove wall. When the switching component slides downward in the mounting cylinder, the driving inclined surface can drive the first connecting pipe away from the first annular groove. The switching component has a snap-fit ​​groove on the lower side wall of the second annular groove. When the air blowing unit is in the first state, the second connecting pipe is embedded in the snap-fit ​​groove to restrict the rotation of the protective housing relative to the detection housing. The groove wall of the snap-fit ​​groove is provided with a guide slope, which is used to guide the second connecting pipe to be embedded in or detached from the snap-fit ​​groove.

7. The non-contact detection device for ice thickness according to claim 6, characterized in that, The air blowing unit also includes a first elastic element, which is connected between the switching element and the detection housing. The elastic force of the first elastic element always causes the switching element to tend to move away from the detection housing.

8. The non-contact detection device for ice thickness according to claim 6, characterized in that, The switching component includes a connecting shaft, a sliding block, and a fourth elastic element. The end of the connecting shaft is fixedly connected to the protective housing. The sliding block is sleeved on the connecting shaft and can slide along the axial direction of the connecting shaft. The first annular groove, the second annular groove, the snap-fit ​​groove, the first air inlet, and the second air inlet are disposed on the sliding block. When the blowing unit is in the first state, the airflow passes through the first air inlet and flows through the interior of the connecting shaft and the first gas flow channel. When the blowing unit is in the second state, the airflow passes through the second air inlet and flows through the interior of the connecting shaft and the second gas flow channel. The fourth elastic element is disposed between the sliding block and the connecting shaft to absorb the axial impact force received by the protective housing.

9. The non-contact detection device for ice thickness according to claim 4, characterized in that, The air blowing unit further includes a first air pipe and a second air pipe. The first air pipe is connected to the first mounting hole; the second air pipe is connected to the second mounting hole; and a heating component is provided outside the second air pipe for heating the gas flowing through the second air pipe.

10. A non-contact method for detecting ice thickness, used to execute the non-contact ice thickness detection device according to any one of claims 1-9, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: S100, the blowing unit is placed in the first state, and airflow is output to the opening area of ​​the protective shell to form the isolation air curtain, blocking external impurities from contacting the detection component; S200, when the surface of the protective shell moves downward due to the accumulation of ice and snow, the air blowing unit automatically switches from the first state to the second state; S300, when the air blowing unit is in the second state, the air blowing unit drives the protective housing to move relative to the detection housing in order to remove the ice and snow accumulated on its surface; S400, after the snow on the surface of the protective housing is cleared, the air blowing unit adaptively switches from the second state back to the first state, the opening is reset to the initial position, and the airflow to the opening area is resumed to form the isolation air curtain.

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