Locomotive traction motor bearing testing device

Abstract

The application discloses a locomotive traction motor bearing testing device, which comprises a testing frame, a radial loading mechanism and a testing tool on the frame. The radial loading mechanism is close to the testing tool to apply a loading force. The testing tool comprises a cylindrical shell, a main tool, two auxiliary tools and a testing shaft. The cylindrical shell is fixed to the testing frame, and the testing shaft is coaxially arranged in the cylindrical shell. The main tool and the two auxiliary tools are coaxially sleeved on the testing shaft. The main tool is located between the two auxiliary tools, and the auxiliary tools are provided with test bearing. The main tool comprises a hollow sleeve disc and two end covers. The test bearing is arranged in the sleeve disc. The inner ring of the test bearing is sleeved on the testing shaft. The sleeve disc is sleeved with the outer rings of the test bearings. The end covers are fixed to the two ends of the sleeve disc to form a sealed space. The device realizes precise loading test through integrated design. The sealed space guarantees stable environment to improve data accuracy. The two auxiliary tools enhance system balance. The overall structure is compact and convenient to operate, which effectively solves the problems of loose structure and low test efficiency of the traditional device.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of motor bearing testing technology, and more specifically to a locomotive traction motor bearing testing device. Background Technology

[0002] As a core component of locomotive power transmission, the structural design of locomotive traction motor bearings directly affects the motor's operational stability and service life. In existing technologies, these bearings generally adopt a standard design with equal width for both inner and outer rings. NU-type bearings are widely used due to their simple structure and convenient installation and maintenance. With the development of locomotives towards higher speeds and heavier loads, new non-standard NUB-type bearings are gradually entering the product development stage. Their structural characteristics differ significantly from traditional designs. Due to the complex operating environment of locomotive traction motors, bearings must withstand multiple harsh conditions, including alternating loads, impact vibrations, and temperature fluctuations. Non-standard designs may alter the fit accuracy, sealing performance, and load distribution characteristics between the bearing and the motor shaft system. According to relevant railway industry standards, new bearings must be verified under simulated locomotive installation conditions before being put into practical use to ensure they meet the traction motor's requirements in terms of assembly compatibility, dynamic performance, and long-term reliability. Therefore, it is urgent to establish a targeted verification scheme to systematically evaluate the applicability of NUB-type bearings. Summary of the Invention

[0003] To address the shortcomings of existing technologies, the present invention aims to provide a locomotive traction motor bearing testing device. Through integrated testing structure design, it solves the problems of loose structure, low testing efficiency, and poor environmental stability of traditional testing devices.

[0004] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution: a locomotive traction motor bearing testing device, comprising a test frame, a radial loading mechanism and a testing fixture both mounted on the test frame, the radial loading mechanism being positioned close to the testing fixture to apply a loading force to the testing fixture, the testing fixture comprising a cylindrical shell, a main fixture and two auxiliary fixtures and a test shaft, the cylindrical shell being fixed on the test frame, the test shaft being coaxially and rotatably inserted inside the cylindrical shell, the main fixture and the two auxiliary fixtures being coaxially mounted inside the cylindrical shell and fitted onto the test shaft, the main fixture being positioned between the two auxiliary fixtures, the auxiliary fixtures containing a bearing to be tested, the main fixture comprising a hollow sleeve and two end caps, the bearing to be tested being placed inside the sleeve, the inner ring of the bearing to be tested being fitted onto the test shaft, the sleeve being fitted onto the outer rings of the two bearings to be tested, and the end caps being fixed to the two ends of the sleeve, such that the inner ring of the sleeve forms a sealed space to accommodate the bearing to be tested.

[0005] As a further improvement of the present invention, an outer spacer is also fitted on the test shaft, the outer spacer being located between the outer rings of the two bearings to be tested, and heat dissipation holes are provided on the outer spacer.

[0006] As a further improvement of the present invention, an inner spacer is also fitted on the test shaft. The inner spacer is located between the main tooling and the auxiliary tooling, with one end abutting against the inner ring of the bearing to be tested and the other end abutting against the inner ring of the bearing being tested.

[0007] As a further improvement of the present invention, the radial loading mechanism includes a thrust motor and a loading block. The test frame is provided with a slide rail, and the loading block is slidably mounted on the slide rail to slide towards or away from the main tooling. The body of the thrust motor is mounted on the test frame, and the push rod is linked with the loading block through a linkage component to drive the loading block to slide. The main tooling is provided with a tooling head, and the side of the loading block facing the main tooling is provided with a loading head, which is arranged opposite to the loading head.

[0008] As a further improvement of the present invention, the end of the tooling head facing the loading head has a frustum structure, and the end of the loading head facing the tooling head has a curved surface structure.

[0009] As a further improvement of the present invention, the linkage assembly includes a first connecting rod and a buffer cylinder. One end of the first connecting rod is hinged to the test frame, and the other end is hinged to the push rod of the thrust motor and also to the buffer cylinder. The other end of the buffer cylinder is hinged to the loading block. The buffer cylinder is composed of two hinge ears, and several buffer springs are arranged between the two hinge ears.

[0010] This invention utilizes an integrated test structure design and a sealed space design to ensure that the bearing under test is tested in an environment simulating the real-world operating conditions of a traction motor bearing, effectively isolating external interference and improving the accuracy of test data. The dual auxiliary fixture configuration balances the radial force on the test shaft, avoiding test deviations caused by unilateral force and enhancing the stability of system operation. The heat dissipation holes in the outer spacer accelerate heat dissipation during testing, the inner spacer optimizes the positioning accuracy between bearings, the sliding design of the radial loading mechanism enables precise control of the loading force, and the buffer cylinder structure reduces impact vibration during loading, further ensuring the reliability of the test results. Attached Figure Description

[0011] Figure 1 This is an overall structural diagram of the locomotive traction motor bearing testing device of the present invention; Figure 2 for Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the internal structure of the test fixture; Figure 3 for Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the intermediate buffer cylinder. Detailed Implementation

[0012] The present invention will now be described in further detail with reference to the embodiments shown in the accompanying drawings.

[0013] Reference Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, the locomotive traction motor bearing testing device of this embodiment includes a test frame 1, a radial loading mechanism 2 and a test fixture 3, all mounted on the test frame 1. The radial loading mechanism 2 is positioned close to the test fixture 3 to apply a loading force to the test fixture 3. The test fixture 3 includes a cylindrical outer shell 31, a main fixture 32, two auxiliary fixtures 33, and a test shaft 34. The cylindrical outer shell 31 is fixed to the test frame 1, and the test shaft 34 is coaxially and rotatably inserted inside the cylindrical outer shell 31. The main fixture 32 and the two auxiliary fixtures 33 are coaxially and rotatably inserted inside the test frame 1. The shaft is set inside the cylindrical housing 31 and fitted onto the test shaft 34. The main tooling 32 is located between two auxiliary toolings 33. The auxiliary toolings 33 are equipped with test bearings. The main tooling 32 includes a hollow sleeve 321 and two end caps 322. The bearing 8 to be tested is set inside the sleeve 321. The inner ring of the bearing 8 to be tested is fitted onto the test shaft 34. The sleeve 321 is fitted onto the outer rings of the two bearings 8 to be tested. The end caps are fixed to the two ends of the sleeve 321, so that the inner ring of the sleeve 321 forms a sealed space to accommodate the bearing 8 to be tested. During operation, the test shaft 34 simulates the rotation of the motor shaft, and the radial loading mechanism 2 applies radial force to the main fixture 32 through the loading block 22 to simulate the alternating load during locomotive operation. The sealed space avoids the influence of external dust and humidity on the test, solving the problem of unstable test environment in the background technology. The dual auxiliary fixture 33 balances the radial force of the test shaft 34 through the test bearings to prevent shaft system wobbling, realizing accurate evaluation of the dynamic performance of NUB type bearings and achieving the beneficial effect of improving test reliability.

[0014] Reference Figure 2 As shown, furthermore, an outer spacer 4 is fitted onto the test shaft 34, positioned between the outer rings of the two bearings 8 to be tested. The outer spacer 4 has heat dissipation holes 41. The outer spacer 4 isolates the outer rings of the two bearings 8 to be tested, preventing mutual friction. The heat dissipation holes 41 accelerate the dissipation of heat generated by the bearings' operation, solving the problem of temperature fluctuations affecting test accuracy in the background art, and additionally extending the service life of the testing device.

[0015] Furthermore, an inner spacer 5 is fitted onto the test shaft 34. The inner spacer 5 is located between the main tooling 32 and the auxiliary tooling 33, with one end abutting against the inner ring of the bearing under test 8 and the other end abutting against the inner ring of the supporting bearing. The inner spacer 5 precisely positions the axial distance between the bearing under test 8 and the supporting bearing, ensuring uniform load distribution. The auxiliary main tooling 32 solves the problem of insufficient fitting accuracy in the prior art and further enhances the rigidity of the shaft system.

[0016] Reference Figure 1As shown, the radial loading mechanism 2 further includes a thrust motor 21 and a loading block 22. A slide rail 23 is provided on the test frame 1, and the loading block 22 is slidably mounted on the slide rail 23 to slide towards or away from the main fixture 32. The body of the thrust motor 21 is mounted on the test frame 1, and the push rod is linked to the loading block 22 via a linkage assembly to drive the loading block 22 to slide. A fixture head 323 is provided on the main fixture 32, and a loading head 221 is provided on the side of the loading block 22 facing the main fixture 32. The fixture head 323 and the loading head 221 are positioned opposite each other. The thrust motor 21 drives the loading block 22 to move along the slide rail 23 via the linkage assembly, achieving linear adjustment of the loading force, solving the problem of inaccurate loading force control in the prior art, and further improving testing efficiency.

[0017] Furthermore, the end of the tooling head 323 facing the loading head 221 has a frustum structure, while the end of the loading head 221 facing the tooling head 323 has a curved surface structure. The contact between the frustum structure and the curved surface structure allows the loading force to be better transmitted to the main tooling 32.

[0018] Reference Figure 3 As shown, the linkage assembly further includes a first connecting rod 6 and a buffer cylinder 7. One end of the first connecting rod 6 is hinged to the test frame 1, and the other end is hinged to the push rod of the thrust motor 21, and also to the buffer cylinder 7. The other end of the buffer cylinder 7 is hinged to the loading block 22. The buffer cylinder 7 is composed of two hinged ears, and several buffer springs are arranged between the two hinged ears. During operation, the buffer cylinder 7 buffers the instantaneous impact force during the loading process through the springs, assisting the radial loading mechanism 2 to achieve smooth loading, solving the problem of impact load affecting test results in the background technology, and further improving the safety of the system.

[0019] In summary, this invention adopts an integrated testing device scheme. Through the integrated design of the test frame 1, radial loading mechanism 2, and test fixture 3, and with the auxiliary structures such as outer spacer 4 and inner spacer 5, it solves the problems of loose structure, unstable test environment, insufficient loading accuracy, and impact vibration of traditional testing devices. It realizes accurate testing of locomotive traction motor bearings, especially NUB type non-standard bearings, under simulated real working conditions, improves the accuracy and reliability of test data, and provides an effective verification means for the applicability evaluation of new bearings.

[0020] The above description is merely a preferred embodiment of the present invention. The scope of protection of the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments. All technical solutions falling within the scope of the present invention's concept are within the scope of protection of the present invention. It should be noted that for those skilled in the art, any improvements and modifications made without departing from the principles of the present invention should also be considered within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A testing device for locomotive traction motor bearings, characterized in that: The test fixture includes a test frame (1), a radial loading mechanism (2) and a test fixture (3) both mounted on the test frame (1). The radial loading mechanism (2) is positioned close to the test fixture (3) to apply a loading force to the test fixture (3). The test fixture (3) includes a cylindrical shell (31), a main fixture (32), two auxiliary fixtures (33), and a test shaft (34). The cylindrical shell (31) is fixed on the test frame (1). The test shaft (34) is coaxially and rotatably inserted inside the cylindrical shell (31). The main fixture (32) and the two auxiliary fixtures (33) are coaxially mounted on the cylindrical shell. (31) Inside, and fitted on the test shaft (34), the main tooling (32) is located between two auxiliary toolings (33), and the auxiliary tooling (33) is equipped with a test bearing. The main tooling (32) includes a hollow sleeve (321) and two end caps (322). The bearing (8) to be tested is set inside the sleeve (321), the inner ring of the bearing (8) to be tested is fitted on the test shaft (34), the sleeve (321) is fitted on the outer ring of the two bearings (8) to be tested, and the end caps at both ends are fixed on the two ends of the sleeve (321), so that the inner ring of the sleeve (321) forms a sealed space to accommodate the bearing (8) to be tested.

2. The locomotive traction motor bearing testing device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The test shaft (34) is also fitted with an outer spacer (4), which is located between the outer rings of the two bearings (8) to be tested. The outer spacer (4) has heat dissipation holes (41).

3. The locomotive traction motor bearing testing device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The test shaft (34) is also fitted with an inner spacer (5), which is located between the main tooling (32) and the auxiliary tooling (33). One end of the spacer abuts against the inner ring of the bearing to be tested (8), and the other end abuts against the inner ring of the bearing to be tested.

4. The locomotive traction motor bearing testing device according to claim 3, characterized in that: The radial loading mechanism (2) includes a thrust motor (21) and a loading block (22). The test frame (1) is provided with a slide rail (23). The loading block (22) is slidably mounted on the slide rail (23) to slide towards or away from the main tooling (32). The body of the thrust motor (21) is mounted on the test frame (1). The push rod is linked with the loading block (22) through a linkage component to drive the loading block (22) to slide. The main tooling (32) is provided with a tooling head (323). The side of the loading block (22) facing the main tooling (32) is provided with a loading head (221). The tooling head (323) is arranged opposite to the loading head (221).

5. The locomotive traction motor bearing testing device according to claim 4, characterized in that: The tooling head (323) has a frustum structure at one end facing the loading head (221), and the loading head (221) has a curved surface structure at the other end facing the tooling head (323).

6. The locomotive traction motor bearing testing device according to claim 5, characterized in that: The linkage assembly includes a first connecting rod (6) and a buffer cylinder (7). One end of the first connecting rod (6) is hinged to the test frame (1), and the other end is hinged to the push rod of the thrust motor (21). It is also hinged to the buffer cylinder (7). The other end of the buffer cylinder (7) is hinged to the loading block (22). The buffer cylinder (7) is composed of two hinge ears, and several buffer springs are arranged between the two hinge ears.

Images