An impact load friction and wear testing machine

Abstract

The application discloses an impact load friction and wear testing machine, which comprises a bottom plate, a lower sample transmission mechanism, a motor support, an upper sample transmission mechanism and a falling mechanism. The lower sample transmission mechanism comprises a lower motor and a lower sample. The upper sample transmission mechanism comprises an upper motor, a pinion, a gear wheel and a cam. The upper end of the falling mechanism is in abutment with the cam, and the lower end is fixed with an upper sample. The upper sample is located directly above the lower sample. During operation, the upper motor drives the pinion to drive the gear wheel to rotate. The cam pushes the falling mechanism to rise to the highest point and then separates. The falling mechanism falls by gravity, and the upper sample impacts on the rotating lower sample. The impact load and impact work can be adjusted by adjusting the counterweight on the weight plate and the installation position of the falling rod. The application has the advantages of simple structure, convenient adjustment and quantitative evaluation of the friction and wear performance of the material under the impact load.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to a testing machine, specifically an impact load friction and wear testing machine, belonging to the technical field of impact load wear testing equipment. Background Technology

[0002] Many working conditions involving friction and wear exist in fields such as mining, metallurgy, building materials, power, machinery, and chemicals. Wear not only causes equipment part failure, leading to frequent parts replacement and maintenance, and reduced equipment efficiency, but also consumes a large amount of energy and materials. With the development of industrial technology, the service conditions of wear-resistant materials are becoming increasingly harsh. Large, high-efficiency mining equipment requires wear-resistant materials to withstand strong impacts and high stresses. For example, the tunneling teeth of tunneling machines and the hammers and tooth plates of crushers all experience wear and failure under the combined action of impact and abrasive. To improve the impact and wear resistance of workpieces, it is necessary to enhance the material surface's ability to resist impact forces and abrasive cutting. Materials with high hardness and good toughness can usually be selected. For example, high-manganese steel can rapidly harden its surface under strong impact loads while maintaining good toughness in its core. High-hardness wear-resistant particles (diamond, ceramics) can also be combined with a high-toughness metal matrix to form composite materials. Alternatively, surface treatment and strengthening techniques can be used to prepare impact and wear-resistant coatings on the surface of the matrix material. By accurately evaluating the impact and wear resistance of materials, research and industrial departments can easily improve and optimize material systems and process parameters.

[0003] To address the needs of impact wear testing, some specialized testing devices have been developed in the existing technology. For example, the impact wear testing device disclosed in CN201016846Y uses a vibrator to drive a push rod, causing the upper sample to reciprocate and impact the lower sample. This device has a high degree of automation and is suitable for small-load impact wear testing. However, this approach relies on a vibrator as the power source, resulting in high equipment costs. Furthermore, the output range and frequency adjustment of the vibrator are somewhat limited, making it unsuitable for conditions requiring the simulation of larger impact energies or adjustment of impact loads. Another example is the downhole cam-type axial impactor impact performance testing device disclosed in CN112461487A. This device uses a cam rotation to drive a roller, which in turn drives a connecting seat to reciprocate and generate impact loads to simulate impact conditions during oil drilling. Although this device uses a cam mechanism, its structural design is primarily aimed at testing the impact performance of downhole tools. Its complex overall layout makes it difficult to quickly assemble and disassemble samples, and it cannot introduce abrasives into the impact contact area to simulate the wear environment under abrasive participation. Therefore, it is difficult to directly apply it to the evaluation of the impact friction and wear performance of general materials. It is evident that existing impact wear testing equipment suffers from drawbacks such as complex structure, high cost, inconvenient load adjustment, and difficulty in simulating abrasive-related working conditions. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of this invention is to provide an impact load friction and wear testing machine to solve at least one of the above-mentioned technical problems.

[0005] The present invention achieves the above objectives through the following technical solution: an impact load friction and wear testing machine, comprising a base plate; a lower sample transmission mechanism and a motor support are mounted on the base plate, and an upper sample transmission mechanism is mounted on the motor support; the lower sample transmission mechanism comprises a lower motor and a lower sample driven to rotate by the lower motor; the upper sample transmission mechanism comprises an upper motor, a small gear connected to the output shaft of the upper motor, a large gear meshing with the small gear, and a cam fixedly mounted on the large gear; A falling mechanism is slidably mounted on one side of the motor bracket. The upper end of the falling mechanism abuts against the cam. An upper sample is fixed at the lower end of the falling mechanism and is located directly above the lower sample. When the cam rotates with the large gear, it pushes the falling mechanism to rise to the highest point and then disengages. When the falling mechanism falls by its own weight, the upper sample impacts the rotating lower sample.

[0006] As a further embodiment of the present invention: the upper sample transmission mechanism also includes a large gear bearing, a large gear shaft and a gear bearing housing. The gear bearing housing is fixedly mounted on the motor bracket. The large gear shaft is rotatably mounted in the gear bearing housing through the large gear bearing. The large gear is fixedly located at the front end of the large gear shaft. The small gear meshes with the tooth surface of the large gear to drive the large gear shaft to rotate around its own axis.

[0007] As a further embodiment of the present invention: the lower sample transmission mechanism also includes a pinion bearing and a lower sample shaft. The lower motor is fixed on the upper surface of the base plate. The lower sample shaft is rotatably mounted on the falling mechanism bracket through the pinion bearing. One end of the lower sample shaft is driven and connected to the output end of the lower motor. The other end of the lower sample shaft is coaxially and fixedly connected to the lower sample. The lower sample shaft is arranged horizontally.

[0008] As a further embodiment of the present invention: the falling mechanism includes a falling mechanism bracket, an upper plate, a guide rail and a slider. The falling mechanism bracket is fixedly installed on the base plate and located on one side of the motor bracket. The upper plate is fixedly installed on the upper part of the falling mechanism bracket. The guide rail is fixed vertically on the side of the plate away from the motor bracket. The slider slides in cooperation with the guide rail. The falling mechanism achieves up and down sliding along one side of the motor bracket through the cooperation between the slider and the guide rail.

[0009] As a further embodiment of the present invention, the dropping mechanism further includes a slider plate, a dropping rod, an upper sample pressure plate, and fastening screws. The slider plate is fixedly connected to the slider, the dropping rod is fixed vertically on the body of the slider plate, and the upper sample is detachably fixed to the lower end of the dropping rod by the upper sample pressure plate and fastening screws. The installation position of the dropping rod on the slider plate is adjustable.

[0010] As a further embodiment of the present invention, the falling mechanism further includes a weight plate and a thrust plate. The weight plate is fixedly disposed at the upper end of the slider plate, and the thrust plate is fixedly connected to the upper surface of the weight plate. The weight plate abuts against the cam.

[0011] As a further aspect of the present invention: the weight plate is a counterweight accessory, and different weights can be added to the weight plate according to the test requirements. The falling mechanism achieves the rising by the contact between the weight plate and the cam, and the cam disengages from the weight plate when it rotates to the idle stage.

[0012] As a further embodiment of the present invention: a material cylinder is fixedly installed on the base plate, and the material cylinder is positioned at the contact position between the upper sample and the lower sample. The material cylinder is a detachable structure and can be filled with different types of abrasives.

[0013] As a further embodiment of the present invention: a protective cover is provided above the base plate, and a motor bracket, an upper sample transmission mechanism, a lower sample transmission mechanism and a falling mechanism are provided inside the protective cover. The protective cover has reserved sample disassembly and assembly operation ports and material cylinder replacement operation ports.

[0014] The beneficial effects of this invention are: 1) The present invention is provided with a base plate, a lower sample transmission mechanism, a motor support, an upper sample transmission mechanism and a falling mechanism. The base plate provides a stable mounting platform for the lower sample transmission mechanism and the motor support, ensuring the stability of the whole machine operation. In the lower sample transmission mechanism, the lower motor drives the lower sample to rotate, which can simulate the continuous frictional motion of the workpiece surface in actual working conditions. 2) The upper sample transmission mechanism installed on the motor bracket of the present invention is connected to a small gear through the output shaft of the upper motor. The gear reduction transmission system formed by the meshing of the small gear and the large gear can convert the high-speed rotation of the upper motor into the low-speed, high-torque rotation of the large gear, providing a stable power input for the impact action. 3) The cam fixed on the large gear serves as the actuator. Its profile curve can control the motion law of the falling mechanism, realizing the periodic impact of the upper sample on the rotating lower sample. This provides a basic test platform for testing the friction and wear performance of materials under impact load, and solves the technical problem that existing friction and wear testing machines cannot simulate impact conditions. 4) This invention uses a cam guide rod mechanism to simulate common impact and wear conditions, which can easily disassemble the test sample and place weights and adjust the falling height as needed to obtain different impact loads, thereby quantitatively evaluating the impact load friction and wear performance of the material. Attached Figure Description

[0015] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram illustrating the function of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the left-side structure of the present invention; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the main structure of the present invention; Figure 4 This is a top view of the structure of the present invention; Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention; In the diagram: 1. Base plate; 2. Motor bracket; 3. Lower motor; 4. Upper motor; 5. Pinion; 6. Large gear bearing; 7. Large gear shaft; 8. Gear bearing seat; 9. Large gear; 10. Cam; 11. Falling mechanism; 11-1. Upper vertical plate; 11-2. Thrust plate; 11-3. Weight plate; 11-4. Guide rail; 11-5. Slider; 11-6. Slider plate; 11-7. Drop rod; 11-8. Upper sample pressure plate; 11-9. Fastening screw; 11-10. Upper sample; 11-11. Falling mechanism bracket; 12. Lower sample; 13. Pinion bearing; 14. Lower sample shaft; 15. Material cylinder; 16. Protective cover. Detailed Implementation

[0016] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0017] Example 1, as Figures 1 to 5As shown, this embodiment provides an impact load friction and wear testing machine, including a base plate 1; a lower sample transmission mechanism and a motor bracket 2 are mounted on the base plate 1, and an upper sample transmission mechanism is mounted on the motor bracket 2. The lower sample transmission mechanism includes a lower motor 3 and a lower sample 12 driven to rotate by the lower motor 3; the upper sample transmission mechanism includes an upper motor 4, a small gear 5 connected to the output shaft of the upper motor 4, a large gear 9 meshing with the small gear 5, and a cam 10 fixedly mounted on the large gear 9. The base plate 1 provides a stable mounting platform for the lower sample transmission mechanism and the motor bracket 2, ensuring the stability of the entire machine operation. In the lower sample transmission mechanism, the lower motor 3 drives the lower sample 12 to rotate, which can simulate the actual working conditions. The continuous frictional motion of the workpiece surface; the upper sample transmission mechanism mounted on the motor bracket 2 is connected to the pinion 5 through the output shaft of the upper motor 4. The gear reduction transmission system formed by the meshing of the pinion 5 and the large gear 9 can convert the high-speed rotation of the upper motor 4 into the low-speed, high-torque rotation of the large gear 9, providing a stable power input for the impact action; the cam 10 fixedly mounted on the large gear 9 serves as the actuator, and its contour curve can control the motion law of the falling mechanism 11, realizing the periodic impact of the upper sample on the rotating lower sample, providing a basic test platform for the friction and wear performance test of materials under impact load, and solving the technical problem that existing friction and wear testing machines are difficult to simulate impact conditions; A falling mechanism 11 is slidably mounted on one side of the motor bracket 2. The upper end of the falling mechanism 11 abuts against the cam 10. An upper sample 11-10 is fixed to the lower end of the falling mechanism 11, and the upper sample 11-10 is located directly above the lower sample 12. When the cam 10 rotates with the large gear 9, it pushes the falling mechanism 11 to rise to the highest point and then disengages. When the falling mechanism 11 falls under its own weight, the upper sample 11-10 impacts the rotating lower sample 12. The upper sample 11-10 is located directly above the lower sample 12. This centered arrangement ensures that the upper sample 11-10 can accurately act on the lower sample 12 during each impact. The upper sample 11-10 impacts the rotating lower sample 12 when the falling mechanism 11 falls under its own weight. This impact generation method, which uses the contour of the cam 10 to achieve lifting and disengagement, can realize periodic impact action.

[0018] It should be noted that the main technical parameters of this testing machine include: impact energy: 0-8J, load weight of the falling mechanism: 43 Newtons of self-weight, with a load of up to 100 Newtons, free fall height of the falling mechanism: 0-80mm, rotation speed of the lower specimen: 0-1450rpm, and impact frequency of the upper specimen: 0-350 times / minute.

[0019] Example 2, in addition to all the technical features included in Example 1, also includes: The upper sample transmission mechanism also includes a large gear bearing 6, a large gear shaft 7, and a gear bearing housing 8. The gear bearing housing 8 is fixedly mounted on the motor bracket 2. The large gear shaft 7 is rotatably mounted in the gear bearing housing 8 through the large gear bearing 6. The large gear 9 is fixedly mounted at the front end of the large gear shaft 7. The small gear 5 meshes with the tooth surface of the large gear 9 to drive the large gear shaft 7 to rotate around its own axis. The gear bearing housing 8 provides a stable mounting base for the large gear shaft 7, ensuring that the entire transmission system will not experience positional deviation during operation. The small gear 5 meshes with the large gear 9 to transmit speed and torque, ensuring that the cam 10 on the large gear 9 rotates according to a predetermined speed law. This solves the problem of axial movement and radial runout that may occur in the large gear 9 under long-term alternating loads, and ensures the accuracy of the motion trajectory when the cam 10 pushes the falling mechanism 11, thereby improving the long-term stability of the testing machine and the reliability of the test data.

[0020] The lower sample transmission mechanism also includes a pinion bearing 13 and a lower sample shaft 14. The lower motor 3 is fixed on the upper surface of the base plate 1. The lower sample shaft 14 is rotatably mounted on the falling mechanism bracket 11-11 through the pinion bearing 13. One end of the lower sample shaft 14 is driven and connected to the output end of the lower motor 3, and the other end of the lower sample shaft 14 is coaxially fixedly connected to the lower sample 12. The lower sample shaft 14 is arranged horizontally. By introducing the pinion bearing 13 and the lower sample shaft 14, a stable and controllable rotational motion is provided for the friction and wear test, which solves the stability problem of the lower sample 12 during rotation, so as to ensure that the wear performance of the material under the combined action of impact and friction can be quantitatively evaluated.

[0021] Example 3: In addition to all the technical features in Example 1, this example also includes: a falling mechanism 11 comprising a falling mechanism bracket 11-11, an upper plate 11-1, a guide rail 11-4, and a slider 11-5. The falling mechanism bracket 11-11 is fixedly mounted on the base plate 1 and located on one side of the motor bracket 2. The upper plate 11-1 is fixedly mounted on the upper part of the falling mechanism bracket 11-11. The guide rail 11-4 is fixed vertically on the side of the plate 11-1 away from the motor bracket 2. The slider 11-5 is slidably engaged with the guide rail 11-4. The falling mechanism 11 slides up and down along one side of the motor bracket 2 through the engagement of the slider 11-5 and the guide rail 11-4. The sliding engagement of the slider 11-5 and the guide rail 11-4 solves the problem of possible swaying and tilting of the falling mechanism 11 during its up-and-down reciprocating motion, ensuring that the upper sample 11-10 can accurately impact the lower sample 12 in a vertical posture each time it falls, thus improving the accuracy of the impact wear test data.

[0022] The dropping mechanism 11 also includes a slider plate 11-6, a drop bar 11-7, an upper sample pressure plate 11-8, and fastening screws 11-9. The slider plate 11-6 is fixedly connected to the slider 11-5. The drop bar 11-7 is fixed vertically on the body of the slider plate 11-6. The upper sample 11-10 is detachably fixed to the lower end of the drop bar 11-7 through the upper sample pressure plate 11-8 and the fastening screws 11-9. The installation position of the drop bar 11-7 on the slider plate 11-6 is adjustable. By adjusting the fixed height of the drop bar 11-7, the extension length of the upper sample 11-10 relative to the entire dropping mechanism 11 can be changed, thereby changing the center of gravity position of the dropping mechanism 11 and the magnitude of the kinetic energy at the moment of impact. This achieves the mechanical adjustment function of the impact energy, enabling wear tests of different impact energy levels to be completed on the same testing machine, thus expanding the testing range of the testing machine.

[0023] The falling mechanism 11 also includes a weight plate 11-3 and a thrust plate 11-2. The weight plate 11-3 is fixedly mounted on the upper end of the slider plate 11-6, and the thrust plate 11-2 is fixedly connected to the upper surface of the weight plate 11-3. The weight plate 11-3 abuts against the cam 10. When the cam 10 rotates, its contour curve pushes the weight plate 11-3 to overcome gravity and do work, causing the entire falling mechanism 11 to rise and store potential energy. When the cam 10 is accidentally pushed too far, the thrust plate 11-2 can prevent the falling mechanism 11 from rising beyond the safe range and causing equipment damage, thus ensuring the stability and safety of the rising process of the cam-driven falling mechanism. The weight plate 11-3, as a load-bearing point, can also bear the weight of the counterweights added later, enabling the testing machine to simulate the impact and wear process in actual working conditions under different load conditions.

[0024] The weight plate 11-3 is a counterweight accessory. Different weights can be added to the weight plate 11-3 according to the test requirements. The falling mechanism 11 rises through the contact between the weight plate 11-3 and the cam 10. When the cam 10 rotates to the idle stage, it disengages from the weight plate 11-3. When the cam 10 rotates to a specific angle, its working profile no longer supports the weight plate 11-3. After losing the support force, the falling mechanism 11 falls freely under the action of gravity, converting the stored gravitational potential energy into impact kinetic energy to achieve impact. The impact load can be adjusted by changing the weight of the weight, and the impact frequency can be independently adjusted by changing the rotation speed, so as to achieve controllable adjustment of the impact wear test parameters.

[0025] Example 4, in addition to all the technical features included in Example 1, also includes: A material cylinder 15 is fixedly installed on the base plate 1. The material cylinder 15 is positioned at the contact position between the upper sample 11-10 and the lower sample 12. The material cylinder 15 is a detachable structure and can be filled with different types of abrasives. The position design of the material cylinder 15 ensures that the abrasives can directly participate in the wear process of the contact area between the upper and lower samples, realistically simulating the impact wear conditions of workpieces in the presence of abrasive particles in fields such as mining, metallurgy, and building materials. When it is necessary to study the influence of different abrasives on the wear behavior of materials, the material cylinder 15 can be disassembled and filled with different types of abrasive particles such as quartz sand, mineral powder, and coal gangue, so that the testing machine can simulate various actual working conditions from soft abrasives to hard abrasives. For example, filling with soft abrasives can simulate the powder conveying conditions in the building materials industry, and filling with hard abrasives can simulate the ore crushing conditions in the mining industry.

[0026] A protective cover 16 is provided above the base plate 1. Inside the protective cover 16 are a motor bracket 2, an upper sample transmission mechanism, a lower sample transmission mechanism, and a falling mechanism 11. The protective cover 16 has a sample disassembly and assembly port and a material cylinder replacement port. The protective cover 16 can isolate abrasive particles and wear debris that may splash during the test, preventing these small particles from causing injury to the operator or contaminating the laboratory environment. The sample disassembly and assembly port on the protective cover 16 can facilitate the quick replacement of different test samples for comparative tests; the material cylinder replacement port can facilitate the replacement of different types of abrasive or the cleaning of residual abrasive.

[0027] When the upper motor 4 is started, the output shaft of the upper motor 4 drives the small gear 5 to rotate. The small gear 5 meshes with the large gear 9 at the front end of the large gear shaft 7 installed in the gear bearing seat 8, and transmits torque to the large gear 9. The cam 10 fixed on the large gear 9 rotates synchronously with the large gear 9. During the rotation, the cam 10 abuts against the weight plate 11-3 at the upper end of the falling mechanism 11, pushing the weight plate 11-3 to move upward. The weight plate 11-3 is fixed at the upper end of the slider plate 11-6. The slider plate 11-6 is fixedly connected to the slider 11-5. The slider 11-5 slides upward along the guide rail 11-4 installed on the upper vertical plate 11-1, thereby driving the entire falling mechanism 11 to rise. When the cam 10 rotates to the idle area of ​​its contour, the cam 10 disengages from the weight plate 11-3, and the falling mechanism 11 loses its support force. Under the combined action of its own weight and the weight of the weight plate 11-3, it falls freely along the guide rail 11-4. When the falling mechanism 11 falls, the upper sample 11-10 fixed to the lower end of the falling rod 11-7 falls with it and impacts the lower sample 12 driven by the lower motor 3. The lower motor 3 is fixed to the base plate 1, and the lower motor 3 drives the lower sample shaft 14 to rotate through the pinion bearing 13. The lower sample 12 is fixed to the end of the lower sample shaft 14 to achieve rotational movement. The falling height of the upper sample 11-10 can be changed by adjusting the fixed position of the drop bar 11-7 on the slider plate 11-6. The impact load can be changed by adding weights of different weights to the weight plate 11-3, thereby achieving the adjustment of different impact energy. When the equipment is running, the protective cover 16 is installed on the outside, and the abrasive filled in the material cylinder 15 participates in the wear process of the contact area between the upper and lower samples.

[0028] It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that the present invention is not limited to the details of the exemplary embodiments described above, and that the invention can be implemented in other specific forms without departing from its spirit or essential characteristics. Therefore, the embodiments should be considered in all respects as exemplary and non-limiting, and the scope of the invention is defined by the appended claims rather than the foregoing description. Thus, all variations falling within the meaning and scope of equivalents of the claims are intended to be included within the present invention. No reference numerals in the claims should be construed as limiting the scope of the claims.

[0029] Furthermore, it should be understood that although this specification describes embodiments, not every embodiment contains only one independent technical solution. This narrative style is merely for clarity. Those skilled in the art should consider the specification as a whole, and the technical solutions in each embodiment can also be appropriately combined to form other embodiments that can be understood by those skilled in the art.

Claims

1. An impact load friction and wear testing machine, comprising a base plate (1); characterized in that: The base plate (1) is equipped with a lower sample transmission mechanism and a motor bracket (2). The motor bracket (2) is equipped with an upper sample transmission mechanism. The lower sample transmission mechanism includes a lower motor (3) and a lower sample (12) driven to rotate by the lower motor (3). The upper sample transmission mechanism includes an upper motor (4), a small gear (5) connected to the output shaft of the upper motor (4), a large gear (9) meshing with the small gear (5), and a cam (10) fixedly mounted on the large gear (9). A falling mechanism (11) is slidably provided on one side of the motor bracket (2). The upper end of the falling mechanism (11) abuts against the cam (10). An upper sample (11-10) is fixed at the lower end of the falling mechanism (11). The upper sample (11-10) is located directly above the lower sample (12). When the cam (10) rotates with the large gear (9), it pushes the falling mechanism (11) to rise to the highest point and then disengages. When the falling mechanism (11) falls by its own weight, the upper sample (11-10) impacts the rotating lower sample (12).

2. The impact load friction and wear testing machine according to claim 1, characterized in that: The upper sample transmission mechanism also includes a large gear bearing (6), a large gear shaft (7), and a gear bearing seat (8). The gear bearing seat (8) is fixedly installed on the motor bracket (2). The large gear shaft (7) is rotatably installed in the gear bearing seat (8) through the large gear bearing (6). The large gear (9) is fixedly installed at the front end of the large gear shaft (7). The small gear (5) meshes with the tooth surface of the large gear (9) to drive the large gear shaft (7) to rotate around its own axis.

3. The impact load friction and wear testing machine according to claim 1, characterized in that: The lower sample transmission mechanism also includes a pinion bearing (13) and a lower sample shaft (14). The lower motor (3) is fixed on the upper surface of the base plate (1). The lower sample shaft (14) is rotatably mounted on the falling mechanism bracket (11-11) through the pinion bearing (13). One end of the lower sample shaft (14) is driven and connected to the output end of the lower motor (3). The other end of the lower sample shaft (14) is coaxially fixedly connected to the lower sample (12). The lower sample shaft (14) is arranged horizontally.

4. The impact load friction and wear testing machine according to claim 1, characterized in that: The falling mechanism (11) includes a falling mechanism bracket (11-11), an upper plate (11-1), a guide rail (11-4), and a slider (11-5). The falling mechanism bracket (11-11) is fixedly installed on the base plate (1) and located on one side of the motor bracket (2). The upper plate (11-1) is fixedly installed on the upper part of the falling mechanism bracket (11-11). The guide rail (11-4) is fixed vertically on the side of the plate (11-1) away from the motor bracket (2). The slider (11-5) slides with the guide rail (11-4). The falling mechanism (11) slides up and down along one side of the motor bracket (2) through the cooperation of the slider (11-5) and the guide rail (11-4).

5. The impact load friction and wear testing machine according to claim 4, characterized in that: The dropping mechanism (11) further includes a slider plate (11-6), a drop rod (11-7), an upper sample pressure plate (11-8), and fastening screws (11-9). The slider plate (11-6) is fixedly connected to the slider (11-5). The drop rod (11-7) is fixed vertically on the body of the slider plate (11-6). The upper sample (11-10) is detachably fixed to the lower end of the drop rod (11-7) by the upper sample pressure plate (11-8) and the fastening screws (11-9). The installation position of the drop rod (11-7) on the slider plate (11-6) is adjustable.

6. The impact load friction and wear testing machine according to claim 5, characterized in that: The falling mechanism (11) further includes a weight plate (11-3) and a thrust plate (11-2). The weight plate (11-3) is fixedly disposed on the upper end of the slider plate (11-6), and the thrust plate (11-2) is fixedly connected to the upper surface of the weight plate (11-3). The weight plate (11-3) abuts against the cam (10).

7. The impact load friction and wear testing machine according to claim 6, characterized in that: The weight plate (11-3) is a counterweight assembly. Different weights can be added to the weight plate (11-3) according to the test requirements. The falling mechanism (11) rises through the contact between the weight plate (11-3) and the cam (10). When the cam (10) rotates to the idle stage, it disengages from the weight plate (11-3).

8. The impact load friction and wear testing machine according to claim 1, characterized in that: A material cylinder (15) is fixedly installed on the base plate (1). The material cylinder (15) is positioned at the contact position between the upper sample (11-10) and the lower sample (12). The material cylinder (15) is a detachable structure and can be filled with different types of abrasives.

9. The impact load friction and wear testing machine according to claim 1, characterized in that: The base plate (1) is covered with a protective cover (16). The protective cover (16) is covered with a motor bracket (2), an upper sample transmission mechanism, a lower sample transmission mechanism and a falling mechanism (11). The protective cover (16) has a sample disassembly and assembly operation port and a material cylinder replacement operation port.

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