Condensation reflux device and nuclear fusion device

Abstract

The present application relates to the field of vacuum system gas treatment, and discloses a condensing backflow device and a nuclear fusion device, the condensing backflow device comprising: a shell assembly, a condensing assembly, an air inlet pipe, an air outlet pipe, a backflow pipe and a cooling component, the shell assembly comprising a shell and a partition component, the partition component being arranged in the shell to divide the interior of the shell into a first space and a second space which are independent of each other; the condensing assembly comprising a pipe body and a condensing surface extension, the pipe body being arranged through the partition component, and the condensing surface extension being arranged in the pipe body; the air inlet pipe being arranged on the shell and communicating with the first space; the air outlet pipe being arranged on the shell and communicating with the second space; the backflow pipe being arranged on the shell and communicating with the first space; and the cooling component being arranged on the shell to cool the partition component. The condensing backflow device of the present application can sufficiently condense high-concentration water vapor, effectively reduce the water content of the gas entering the molecular pump, avoid damage to the molecular pump due to condensation of water vapor, and ensure long-term stable operation of the molecular pump.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of gas handling technology for vacuum systems, and in particular to a condensation reflux device and a nuclear fusion device. Background Technology

[0002] During the operation of a fusion reactor, high concentrations of water vapor are frequently generated inside the vacuum system. Currently, molecular pumps are typically used to directly remove this vapor. However, when the water vapor approaches saturation, prolonged operation of the molecular pumps can lead to damage due to excessive gas load or internal condensation. Furthermore, critical components in the fusion reactor, such as pressure relief tanks, have strict requirements for water flow control. Therefore, a specialized device is urgently needed that can efficiently condense water vapor, achieve reflux, and ensure the safe operation of downstream molecular pumps. Summary of the Invention

[0003] The present invention aims to at least solve one of the technical problems existing in the prior art. Therefore, one object of the present invention is to provide a condensation reflux device that can fully condense high-concentration water vapor, effectively reducing the water content of the gas entering the molecular pump, preventing damage to the molecular pump due to water vapor condensation, and ensuring the long-term stable operation of the molecular pump.

[0004] The present invention also aims to provide a nuclear fusion device that utilizes the aforementioned condensation reflux device.

[0005] A condensation reflux device according to an embodiment of the present invention includes: a housing assembly, the housing assembly including a shell and a partition member, the partition member being disposed inside the shell to divide the interior of the shell into mutually independent first and second spaces; a condensation assembly including a tube and a condensation surface extension member, the tube passing through the partition member and having its two ends respectively communicating with the first and second spaces, the condensation surface extension member being disposed inside the tube; an inlet pipe disposed on the shell and communicating with the first space; an outlet pipe disposed on the shell and communicating with the second space; a reflux pipe disposed on the shell and communicating with the first space; and a cooling component disposed on the shell to cool the partition member.

[0006] According to an embodiment of the present invention, the condensation reflux device, by configuring the condensation assembly with a tube body and a condensation surface extension, can fully condense high-concentration water vapor passing through the condensation assembly into dry gas, and collect the condensate in the first space. When used in conjunction with a pressure relief tank and a molecular pump, it can effectively reduce the water content of the gas entering the molecular pump, preventing damage to the molecular pump due to water vapor condensation and ensuring the long-term stable operation of the molecular pump. Simultaneously, the reflux pipe connects to the first space, enabling the condensation reflux device to have a condensate reflux function, allowing the condensed water to be returned to key components such as the pressure relief tank, achieving dynamic water balance and meeting the strict water content control requirements of the fusion reactor system. Furthermore, the condensation surface extension enhances the condensation effect without affecting the condensate reflux, resulting in a reasonable structural design, high operating efficiency, stable and reliable operation, and a compact structure, facilitating integration and installation in the fusion reactor vacuum system.

[0007] In some embodiments of the present invention, the condensation surface extension extends along the axial direction of the tube body and is inserted into the tube body.

[0008] In some embodiments of the present invention, the condensation surface extension includes a central shaft and helical fins, the helical fins being disposed on the central shaft and spirally arranged around the central shaft.

[0009] In some embodiments of the present invention, there are multiple condensation components, which are arranged in an array on the partition member, or the multiple condensation components are arranged in a plurality of annular arrays spaced radially apart on the partition member.

[0010] In some embodiments of the present invention, the first space is disposed at the bottom of the housing relative to the second space, the first space has a flat bottom wall, the air intake pipe has an inner pipe section located in the first space, the inner pipe section is perpendicular to the bottom wall, and the return pipe communicates with the bottom wall.

[0011] In some embodiments of the present invention, the outer shell includes a first shell segment, a second shell segment, and a third shell segment connected in sequence. In the direction from the first shell segment to the third shell segment, the width of the first shell segment gradually increases, the width of the second shell segment remains equal, and the width of the third shell segment gradually decreases. The separating member is disposed within the second shell segment, the first space is formed within the first shell segment, the second space is formed within the third shell segment, and the cooling member is arranged circumferentially around the shell wall of the second shell segment.

[0012] In some embodiments of the present invention, the cooling component includes a cooling pipe that is spirally arranged around the second shell section, the upper opening of the cooling pipe having a cooling medium inlet, and the lower opening of the cooling pipe having a cooling medium outlet.

[0013] In some embodiments of the present invention, the housing assembly, the condensation assembly, the air inlet pipe, the air outlet pipe, the return pipe, and the cooling component are made of metal.

[0014] In some embodiments of the present invention, the inner surfaces of the outer shell, the air inlet pipe, the air outlet pipe, the return pipe and the pipe body are polished surfaces, and the outer surfaces of the partition component and the condensation surface extension component are polished surfaces.

[0015] According to an embodiment of the present invention, a nuclear fusion device is also provided, comprising: a pressure relief tank and a pump; and a condensation reflux device as described in any of the preceding claims, wherein the inlet pipe and the reflux pipe are connected to the pressure relief tank, and the outlet pipe is connected to the pump's exhaust port.

[0016] According to the embodiments of the present invention, the nuclear fusion device employs the above-mentioned condensation reflux device, which can effectively condense the high-concentration water vapor brought out during the vacuuming process, preventing water vapor from entering the pump and condensing to damage the pump body. At the same time, the condensed liquid water can be returned to the pressure relief tank, realizing the continuous operation of the molecular pump and the dynamic balance of the water volume in the pressure relief tank, thereby improving the reliability of the nuclear fusion device.

[0017] Additional aspects and advantages of the invention will be set forth in part in the description which follows, and in part will be obvious from the description, or may be learned by practice of the invention. Attached Figure Description

[0018] The above and / or additional aspects and advantages of the present invention will become apparent and readily understood from the description of the embodiments taken in conjunction with the following drawings, in which: Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a condensation reflux device provided in some embodiments of the present invention; Figure 2 A cross-sectional view of a condensation reflux device provided in some embodiments of the present invention; Figure 3 This is a partial structural schematic diagram of a nuclear fusion device provided in some embodiments of the present invention; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the condensation surface extension provided in some embodiments of the present invention; Figure 5 A cross-sectional view of a condensation assembly provided in some embodiments of the present invention; Figure 6 This is a distribution diagram of the condensation components provided for some embodiments of the present invention.

[0019] Figure label: 100. Condensation reflux device; 10. Shell assembly; 10a. First space; 10b. Second space; 101. Bottom wall; 11. Outer shell; 111. First shell segment; 112. Second shell segment; 113. Third shell segment; 12. Separating component; 20. Condensation assembly; 21. Tube body; 22. Condensation surface extension; 221. Central shaft; 222. Spiral fins; 30. Inlet pipe; 40. Outlet pipe; 50. Return pipe; 60. Cooling component; 61. Cooling pipe; 61a. Cooling medium inlet; 61b. Cooling medium outlet; 1000, Nuclear fusion device; 200, Pressure relief tank; 300, Pump. Detailed Implementation

[0020] Embodiments of the present invention are described in detail below. Examples of these embodiments are shown in the accompanying drawings, wherein the same or similar reference numerals denote the same or similar elements or elements having the same or similar functions throughout. The embodiments described below with reference to the accompanying drawings are exemplary and are only used to explain the present invention, and should not be construed as limiting the present invention.

[0021] In the description of this invention, it should be understood that the terms "center," "longitudinal," "lateral," "length," "width," "thickness," "upper," "lower," "front," "rear," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "top," "bottom," "inner," "outer," "clockwise," "counterclockwise," "axial," "radial," and "circumferential" indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. They are used only for the convenience of describing this invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on this invention.

[0022] Furthermore, features specified as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of the same feature, used to distinguish and describe features, without any order or distinction of importance.

[0023] In the description of this invention, unless otherwise stated, "a plurality of" means two or more. In the description of this invention, it should be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "installation," "connection," and "linking" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; they can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; and they can refer to the internal connection of two components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this invention based on the specific circumstances.

[0024] The following is for reference. Figures 1-6 The present invention describes a condensation reflux device 100 according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0025] like Figures 1 to 2 As shown, the condensation reflux device 100 of this embodiment includes: a housing assembly 10, a condensation assembly 20, an inlet pipe 30, an outlet pipe 40, a reflux pipe 50, and a cooling component 60. The housing assembly 10 includes an outer shell 11 and a partition component 12. The partition component 12 is disposed within the outer shell 11 to divide the interior of the outer shell 11 into mutually independent first spaces 10a and second spaces 10b. The condensation assembly 20 includes a tube body 21 and a condensation surface extension component 22. The tube body 21 passes through the partition component 12, and its two ends are respectively connected to the first space 10a and the second space 10b. The condensation surface extension component 22 is disposed within the tube body 21. The inlet pipe 30 is disposed on the outer shell 11 and connects to the first space 10a. The outlet pipe 40 is disposed on the outer shell 11 and connects to the second space 10b. The reflux pipe 50 is disposed on the outer shell 11 and connects to the first space 10a. The cooling component 60 is disposed on the outer shell 11 to cool the partition component 12.

[0026] The housing assembly 10 can refer to an assembly that installs and supports other structures. In the above technical solution, the housing assembly 10 includes an outer shell 11 and a partition component 12. The outer shell 11 can refer to a component that isolates other structures from the external environment, and its shape can be, but is not limited to, trapezoidal, cylindrical, circular, and irregular shapes, etc. The partition component 12 can refer to a component that divides the interior into two independent spaces, namely a first space 10a and a second space 10b. The partition component 12 can refer to a partition plate or partition block, etc., used to divide the interior of the outer shell 11 into two spaces. The shapes of the first space 10a and the second space 10b can be, but are not limited to, cylindrical, conical, and trapezoidal shapes, etc.

[0027] The condenser assembly 20 can refer to a component that condenses water vapor. In the above technical solution, the condenser assembly 20 includes a tube body 21 and a condensation surface extension 22. The tube body 21 can refer to a tubular structure component, which passes through the partition component 12. The connection method between the tube body 21 and the partition component 12 can be, but is not limited to, welding, gluing, interference fit, snap-fit, and bolt connection, etc. At the same time, the two ends of the tube body 21 are connected to the first space 10a and the second space 10b. The gas mixed with high-concentration water vapor flows from the first space 10a to the second space 10b. When the mixed high-concentration water vapor comes into contact with the tube body 21, it can condense the water vapor in the gas to form liquid water. The liquid water flows back to the first space 10a under the action of gravity, while the dried gas continues to flow to the second space 10b. The condensing surface extender 22 refers to a component that increases the condensing surface. The shape of the condensing surface extender 22 can be, but is not limited to, spiral, wavy, needle-like, and sheet-like, etc. For example, the condensing surface extender 22 can be a fin connected to the inner wall of the tube body 21, or it can be a plug installed inside the tube body 21, etc. The condensing surface extender 22 is located inside the tube body 21, thereby increasing the contact surface between the mixed high-concentration water vapor and the condensing assembly 20, ensuring sufficient contact between the gas and the condensing surface, and helping to enhance the condensation effect of the mixed high-concentration water vapor. Both the inner surface of the tube body 21 and the outer surface of the condensing surface extender 22 are condensing surfaces. The aforementioned mixed high-concentration water vapor can be, but is not limited to, tritium-containing water vapor, deuterium-containing water vapor, etc.

[0028] The inlet pipe 30 can refer to a component connecting to the first space 10a, used to input gas mixed with high-concentration water vapor into the first space 10a. The outlet pipe 40 can refer to a component connecting to the second space 10b, used to output dry gas with the high-concentration water vapor removed. The return pipe 50 can refer to a component connecting to the first space 10a, used to output liquid water, and when connected to the pressure relief tank 200, it can return the condensate to the pressure relief tank 200.

[0029] The cooling component 60 can refer to a component that lowers the temperature of the outer casing 11, thereby transferring the cooling energy to the tube body 21 and the condensation surface extension 22 through the separating component 12, ensuring that the tube body 21 and the condensation surface extension 22 maintain a low temperature to efficiently condense water vapor in the gas flowing through the tube body 21. The cooling component 60 can be tightly fitted to the outer surface of the outer casing 11, or embedded inside the wall of the outer casing 11. For example, see reference... Figure 1 The cooling component 60 is in close contact with the outer surface of the housing 11. The cooling component 60 can be, but is not limited to, plate-shaped, tubular, etc.

[0030] Understandably, reference Figure 3The nuclear fusion device 1000 may include a pressure relief tank 200 and a pump 300. An inlet pipe 30 and a return pipe 50 are connected to the pressure relief tank 200, and an outlet pipe 40 is connected to the extraction port of the pump 300. The pump 300 may be, but is not limited to, a cryogenic pump, a molecular pump, a diffusion pump, a Roots pump, etc. For example, the pump 300 may be a molecular pump. Furthermore, in existing fusion reactor vacuum systems, direct delivery of high-concentration water vapor by a molecular pump can easily lead to condensation and damage inside the pump body; simultaneously, the water content of critical components such as the pressure relief tank 200 needs to be precisely controlled.

[0031] In the above technical solutions, refer to Figure 2 The inlet pipe 30 and the return pipe 50 are connected to the pressure relief tank 200, and the outlet pipe 40 is connected to the suction port of the pump 300. Gas mixed with high-concentration water vapor flows from the pressure relief tank 200 into the first space 10a through the inlet pipe 30. The gas then enters the interior of the pipe body 21, making full contact with the inner surface of the pipe body 21 and the outer surface of the condensation surface extension 22. The water vapor in the pipe body quickly condenses into liquid water droplets. Under the influence of gravity, these liquid water droplets slide down along the inner wall of the pipe body 21 and the surface of the condensation surface extension 22, eventually collecting in the first space 10a. The return pipe 50 is connected to the first space 10a, allowing the liquid water to flow back to the pressure relief tank 200, ensuring the water content of key components such as the pressure relief tank 200. After condensation, the dry gas, free of water vapor, continues to flow upwards into the second space 10b, and is then drawn out by the pump 300 through the outlet pipe 40, ensuring that the gas entering the pump 300 is dry gas.

[0032] According to an embodiment of the present invention, the condensation reflux device 100, by configuring the condensation component 20 with a pipe body 21 and a condensation surface extension 22, can fully condense the high-concentration water vapor passing through the condensation component 20 to form dry gas, and collect the condensate in the first space 10a. When used in conjunction with the pressure relief tank 200 and the molecular pump, it can effectively reduce the water content of the gas entering the molecular pump, prevent the molecular pump from being damaged by water vapor condensation, and ensure the long-term stable operation of the molecular pump. At the same time, the reflux pipe 50 connects to the first space 10a, enabling the condensation reflux device 100 to have a condensate reflux function, which can return the condensed water to key components such as the pressure relief tank 200, achieving dynamic balance of water volume and meeting the strict water content control requirements of the fusion reactor system. In addition, the condensation surface extension 22 enhances the condensation effect without affecting the condensate reflux, has a reasonable structural design, high operating efficiency, stable and reliable operation, and a compact structure, making it easy to integrate and install in the fusion reactor vacuum system.

[0033] In some embodiments of the present invention, reference is made to Figure 2 The condensing surface extension 22 extends along the axial direction of the tube body 21 and is inserted into the tube body 21.

[0034] In the above technical solution, the condensing surface extension 22 extends along the axial direction of the tube body 21. This allows the length of the condensing surface extension 22 to match the length of the tube body 21, resulting in a larger length dimension. This increases the condensing surface area, ensuring an effective condensation area throughout the entire axial range of the tube body 21 and improving the condensation effect of the condensing assembly 20. Furthermore, the condensing surface extension 22 and the tube body 21 are plug-in connected. This modular design allows for independent assembly and disassembly of the condensing surface extension 22 and the tube body 21, facilitating future maintenance and replacement, reducing operating costs, and providing good adaptability to various operating conditions.

[0035] In some embodiments of the present invention, reference is made to Figure 4 and Figure 5 The condensation surface extension 22 includes a central shaft 221 and a spiral fin 222. The spiral fin 222 is disposed on the central shaft 221 and spirally arranged around the central shaft 221.

[0036] In the above technical solution, the spiral fins 222 are mounted on the central shaft 221 and spirally arranged around the central shaft 221. This increases the surface area of ​​the condensing surface extension 22, thereby significantly increasing the contact area between water vapor and the condensing surface, improving condensation efficiency, effectively reducing the water content of the gas entering the molecular pump, preventing damage to the molecular pump due to water vapor condensation, and improving the reliability of the condensation reflux device 100. At the same time, this structure is simple, easy to manufacture, and cost-effective. The spiral structure design of the spiral fins 222 increases the condensing surface while also providing a guiding function, without affecting the condensate reflux.

[0037] In some embodiments of the present invention, reference is made to Figure 6 There are multiple condensing components 20, which are arranged in an array on the separating member 12, or multiple condensing components 20 are arranged in a radially spaced annular array group on the separating member 12.

[0038] The number of condenser components 20 can be, but is not limited to, two, three, four, five, etc.

[0039] It is understood that when the partition member 12 is a polygonal body, the multiple condensing components 20 are arranged in an array on the partition member 12, for example, in multiple rows and columns. When the partition member 12 is a cylinder, the multiple condensing components 20 are arranged in multiple annular array groups that are radially spaced on the partition member 12, and each annular array group includes at least two condensing components 20.

[0040] In the above technical solution, the layout of multiple condensing components 20 can be flexibly arranged according to the shape of the separating component 12, ensuring that the multiple condensing components 20 make reasonable use of the available area of ​​the separating component 12, increasing the total condensing area, and achieving the effect of ensuring condensing efficiency while processing large flow rates of water vapor gas, thereby improving the overall condensing processing capacity of the condensing reflux device 100.

[0041] In some embodiments of the present invention, reference is made to Figure 2 The first space 10a is located at the bottom of the outer shell 11 relative to the second space 10b. The first space 10a has a flat bottom wall 101. The air intake pipe 30 has an inner pipe section located in the first space 10a. The inner pipe section is perpendicular to the bottom wall 101. The return pipe 50 is connected to the bottom wall 101.

[0042] In the above technical solution, the first space 10a is located at the bottom of the outer shell 11, and the first space 10a has a flat bottom wall 101, which facilitates the natural collection of condensed liquid water to the bottom wall 101 under the action of gravity. The return pipe 50 connects to the bottom wall 101 to smoothly discharge the collected liquid water, ensuring that there is no water accumulation during the return process. The inner pipe section of the air inlet pipe 30 is located in the first space 10a and perpendicular to the bottom wall 101, so that the gas mixed with high concentration of water vapor entering the first space 10a maintains a suitable flow direction and is evenly distributed to the inlet of the pipe body 21 of each condensation component 20. This avoids uneven gas distribution that would cause some condensation components 20 to be underutilized, ensuring the condensation processing efficiency of the condensation return device 100, preventing the condensed water from flowing back into the air inlet pipe 30, and ensuring smooth air intake.

[0043] In some embodiments of the present invention, reference is made to Figure 2 The outer shell 11 includes a first shell segment 111, a second shell segment 112, and a third shell segment 113 connected in sequence. In the direction from the first shell segment 111 to the third shell segment 113, the width of the first shell segment 111 gradually increases, the width of the second shell segment 112 remains equal, and the width of the third shell segment 113 gradually decreases. The partition member 12 is disposed in the second shell segment 112. A first space 10a is formed in the first shell segment 111, and a second space 10b is formed in the third shell segment 113. The cooling member 60 is arranged around the shell wall of the second shell segment 112.

[0044] The direction in which "the first shell segment 111 points to the third shell segment 113" can be referenced. Figure 2 The up and down directions.

[0045] The connection between the second shell segment 112 and the first shell segment 111 and the third shell segment 113 can be, but is not limited to, welding, integral molding, etc. The first shell segment 111 and the third shell segment 113 can be, but is not limited to, conical, pyramidal, or trapezoidal shapes, etc., and the second shell segment 112 can be cylindrical or rectangular, etc.

[0046] In the above technical solution, the width of the first shell section 111 gradually increases, which allows condensate to quickly collect at the bottom wall 101, improving the condensate reflux efficiency. The width of the second shell section 112 remains constant, which increases the usable area of ​​the partition component 12, thereby increasing the number of condensation components 20, and also facilitates the layout of the cooling components 60, improving the condensation processing capacity of the condensation reflux device 100. The width of the third shell section 113 gradually decreases, which allows the dried gas after condensation to be smoothly collected and guided to the outlet pipe 40, preventing gas from stagnating in the second space 10b, improving the smoothness of gas discharge, and improving the overall operating efficiency of the condensation reflux device 100.

[0047] In some embodiments of the present invention, reference is made to Figure 2 The partition component 12 and the second shell segment 112 are integrally formed, and the dimensions of the partition component 12 and the second shell segment 112 are equal in the axial direction of the second shell segment 112.

[0048] In the above technical solution, the separator 12 and the second shell section 112 are integrally formed, which eliminates the need for a sealing connection process between the separator 12 and the second shell section 112, facilitating the installation and mating of the separator 12 and the second shell section 112. The dimensions of the separator 12 and the second shell section 112 are equal, which increases the axial length of the condenser assembly 20, thereby increasing the path of gas flow across the condensation surface. This ensures that the condenser assembly 20 can fully condense high-concentration water vapor, effectively reducing the water content of the gas entering the molecular pump, preventing damage to the molecular pump due to water vapor condensation, and ensuring its long-term stable operation.

[0049] In some embodiments of the present invention, reference is made to Figure 1 The cooling component 60 includes a cooling pipe 61, which is spirally arranged around the second shell section 112. The upper opening of the cooling pipe 61 forms a cooling medium inlet 61a, and the lower opening of the cooling pipe 61 forms a cooling medium outlet 61b.

[0050] The cooling medium in cooling pipe 61 can be, but is not limited to, water, liquid nitrogen, etc. For example, the cooling medium can be a circulating liquid at 0°C, depending on the needs. At the same time, the cooling medium can be flexibly replaced with different temperature media according to the type of gas being processed. For example, liquid nitrogen can achieve low-temperature condensation and is suitable for capturing various gases such as tritium and deuterium, expanding the application scenarios of the device.

[0051] Understandably, before the high-concentration water vapor enters the first space 10a through the inner pipe section, the condensate circulating liquid has already entered the cooling pipe 61 through the cooling medium inlet 61a and flowed out through the cooling medium outlet 61b, cooling the pipe body 21 and the condensation surface extension 22. After the pipe body 21 and the condensation surface extension 22 reach the target temperature, the high-concentration water vapor enters the device through the inner pipe section, then enters the pipe body 21 and comes into full contact with the condensation surface extension 22. The condensation surface extension 22 not only allows the water vapor to condense more completely, but also does not hinder the return flow of condensate. Finally, the gas with the required steam concentration is pumped from the exhaust outlet to the subsequent processing section by a molecular pump.

[0052] In the above technical solution, the cooling pipe 61 is spirally arranged around the second shell section 112, which enables sufficient heat exchange between the cooling medium and the second shell section 112, uniformly removing heat from the second shell section 112. This ensures uniform temperature of the second shell section 112, the separating component 12, and the pipe body 21, avoiding localized temperature unevenness that could affect the condensation effect and improving the reliability of the condensation reflux device 100. The cooling medium enters the cooling pipe 61 from the cooling medium inlet 61a, continuously absorbing heat during its flow, and finally flows out from the cooling medium outlet 61b, continuously removing heat to maintain the low temperature state of the device, ensuring a stable and continuous condensation process, and further improving the reliability of the condensation reflux device 100.

[0053] In some embodiments of the present invention, reference is made to Figure 2 The housing assembly 10, condenser assembly 20, air inlet pipe 30, air outlet pipe 40, return pipe 50, and cooling component 60 are made of metal. For example, the metal component can be stainless steel.

[0054] The above technical solution employs an all-metal sealed structure with high material stability, capable of withstanding highly reflective, high-concentration water vapor and preventing tritium permeation and leakage. Simultaneously, the closed-loop design of the condensate return path meets the radioactive safety requirements of fusion reactors, enhancing the safety of the device. Furthermore, the excellent thermal conductivity of the metal material allows for faster transfer of cooling energy to the condensation surface, improving condensation efficiency.

[0055] In some embodiments of the present invention, reference is made to Figure 2The inner surfaces of the outer shell 11, inlet pipe 30, outlet pipe 40, return pipe 50, and pipe body 21 are polished, as are the outer surfaces of the separator 12 and condensation surface extension 22. In the above technical solution, the surfaces of the outer shell 11, inlet pipe 30, outlet pipe 40, return pipe 50, pipe body 21, separator 12, and condensation surface extension 22 that come into contact with high-concentration water vapor are all polished, thus achieving a high degree of smoothness. This reduces the residual radioactive elements in the high-concentration water vapor, such as tritium and deuterium, and prevents prolonged contact of radioactive elements with various components, thereby preventing damage to these components and improving the reliability of the condensation reflux device 100.

[0056] Optionally, the roughness of the polished surface in the above embodiments can be between 0.4 micrometers and 0.8 micrometers, thereby ensuring that the polished surface has a high degree of smoothness. The roughness of the polished surface can be 0.4 micrometers, 0.5 micrometers, 0.6 micrometers, 0.7 micrometers, 0.8 micrometers, etc.

[0057] like Figure 3 As shown, a nuclear fusion device 1000 according to an embodiment of the present invention includes: a pressure relief tank 200, a pump 300, and a condensation reflux device 100 of any of the preceding embodiments, wherein the inlet pipe 30 and the reflux pipe 50 are connected to the pressure relief tank 200, and the outlet pipe 40 is connected to the exhaust port of the pump 300. For example, the pump 300 may be a molecular pump, etc.

[0058] According to the embodiments of the present invention, the nuclear fusion device 1000, by employing the above-mentioned condensation reflux device 100, can effectively condense the high-concentration water vapor brought out during the vacuuming process, preventing the water vapor from entering the pump 300 and condensing to damage the pump body. At the same time, the condensed liquid water can flow back to the pressure relief tank 200, realizing the continuous operation of the molecular pump and the dynamic balance of the water volume in the pressure relief tank 200, thereby improving the reliability of the nuclear fusion device 1000.

[0059] The following is combined with Figure 1 , Figure 2 , Figures 4 to 6 This describes a specific embodiment of the condensation reflux device 100 of the present invention.

[0060] The condensation reflux device 100 includes: a housing assembly 10, a condensation assembly 20, an inlet pipe 30, an outlet pipe 40, a reflux pipe 50, and a cooling component 60.

[0061] The housing assembly 10 includes an outer shell 11 and a partition 12. The partition 12 is disposed inside the outer shell 11 to divide the interior of the outer shell 11 into two independent spaces: a first space 10a and a second space 10b. The first space 10a is disposed at the bottom of the outer shell 11 relative to the second space 10b. The first space 10a has a flat bottom wall 101. The intake pipe 30 has an inner pipe section located within the first space 10a, which is perpendicular to the bottom wall 101. The return pipe 50 communicates with the bottom wall 101. The outer shell 11 includes a first shell section 111, a second shell section 112, and a third shell section 113 connected in sequence. In the direction from the first shell section 111 to the third shell section 113, the width of the first shell section 111 gradually increases, the width of the second shell section 112 remains constant, and the width of the third shell section 113 gradually decreases. The partition member 12 is disposed within the second shell section 112, a first space 10a is formed within the first shell section 111, and a second space 10b is formed within the third shell section 113. The cooling member 60 is arranged circumferentially around the shell wall of the second shell section 112. Furthermore, the partition member 12 and the second shell section 112 are integrally formed, and the dimensions of the partition member 12 and the second shell section 112 are equal in the axial direction of the second shell section 112.

[0062] The condenser assembly 20 includes a tube body 21 and a condenser surface extension 22. The tube body 21 passes through the partition member 12 and its two ends are respectively connected to the first space 10a and the second space 10b. The condenser surface extension 22 includes a central shaft 221 and helical fins 222, the helical fins 222 being disposed on the central shaft 221 and spirally arranged around the central shaft 221. The condenser surface extension 22 is inserted into the tube body 21, and the central shaft 221 extends along the axial direction of the tube body 21. There are multiple condenser assemblies 20, which are arranged in a radially spaced annular array on the partition member 12.

[0063] The air intake pipe 30 is located on the outer casing 11 and connects to the first space 10a.

[0064] The vent pipe 40 is located on the outer casing 11 and connects to the second space 10b.

[0065] The return pipe 50 is provided on the outer casing 11 and is connected to the first space 10a.

[0066] The cooling component 60 includes a cooling pipe 61, which is spirally arranged around the second shell section 112. The upper opening of the cooling pipe 61 forms a cooling medium inlet 61a, and the lower opening of the cooling pipe 61 forms a cooling medium outlet 61b.

[0067] The housing assembly 10, condenser assembly 20, air inlet pipe 30, air outlet pipe 40, return pipe 50, and cooling component 60 are made of metal. The inner surfaces of the outer shell 11, air inlet pipe 30, air outlet pipe 40, return pipe 50, and pipe body 21 are polished, and the outer surfaces of the partition component 12 and condenser surface extension component 22 are polished.

[0068] In the description of this specification, references to terms such as "some embodiments," "optionally," "furthermore," or "some examples," etc., indicate that a specific feature, structure, material, or characteristic described in connection with that embodiment or example is included in at least one embodiment or example of the invention. In this specification, the illustrative expressions of the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in one or more embodiments or examples.

[0069] Although embodiments of the invention have been shown and described, those skilled in the art will understand that various changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, the scope of which is defined by the claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A condensation reflux device, applied to the pressure relief tank of a nuclear fusion device, characterized in that, include: A housing assembly, the housing assembly including an outer shell and a partition member, the partition member being disposed within the outer shell to divide the interior of the outer shell into mutually independent first and second spaces; A condensation assembly, comprising a tube body and a condensation surface extension member, wherein the tube body passes through the partition member and its two ends are respectively connected to the first space and the second space, and the condensation surface extension member is disposed within the tube body; An air intake pipe is disposed on the outer casing and communicates with the first space; An exhaust pipe is provided on the outer casing and connects to the second space; A return pipe is provided on the outer casing and connects to the first space; A cooling component is provided on the housing to cool the partition component.

2. The condensation reflux device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The condensation surface extension extends along the axial direction of the tube body and is inserted into the tube body.

3. The condensation reflux device according to claim 2, characterized in that, The condensation surface extension includes a central shaft and spiral fins, the spiral fins being disposed on the central shaft and spirally arranged around the central shaft.

4. The condensation reflux apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that, The condensation components are multiple, and the multiple condensation components are arranged in an array on the partition member, or the multiple condensation components are arranged in multiple annular array groups that are radially spaced on the partition member.

5. The condensation reflux device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The first space is disposed at the bottom of the outer casing relative to the second space. The first space has a flat bottom wall. The air intake pipe has an inner pipe section located within the first space. The inner pipe section is perpendicular to the bottom wall. The return pipe is connected to the bottom wall.

6. The condensation reflux device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The outer shell includes a first shell segment, a second shell segment, and a third shell segment connected in sequence. In the direction from the first shell segment to the third shell segment, the width of the first shell segment gradually increases, the width of the second shell segment remains equal, and the width of the third shell segment gradually decreases. The separating component is disposed inside the second shell segment, the first space is formed inside the first shell segment, the second space is formed inside the third shell segment, and the cooling component is arranged around the shell wall of the second shell segment.

7. The condensation reflux device according to claim 6, characterized in that, The cooling component includes a cooling pipe that is spirally arranged around the second shell section. The upper opening of the cooling pipe has a cooling medium inlet, and the lower opening of the cooling pipe has a cooling medium outlet.

8. The condensation reflux device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The housing assembly, the condensation assembly, the air inlet pipe, the air outlet pipe, the return pipe, and the cooling component are all made of metal.

9. The condensation reflux device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The inner surfaces of the outer casing, the air inlet pipe, the air outlet pipe, the return pipe, and the pipe body are polished surfaces, and the outer surfaces of the partition component and the condensation surface extension component are polished surfaces.

10. A nuclear fusion device, characterized in that, include: Pressure relief tank and pump; The condensation reflux device according to any one of claims 1 to 9, wherein the inlet pipe and the reflux pipe are connected to the pressure relief tank, and the outlet pipe is connected to the pump's suction port.

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