Energy storage device integrated cabinet

Abstract

The application discloses an energy storage device integrated cabinet, which comprises a cabinet body. The cabinet body is in a cabin layered structure in the longitudinal direction, the top of which is a liquid cooling cabin, the middle is a battery cabin, and the bottom is an electrical cabin. The liquid cooling cabin is provided with a double-branch liquid cooling machine, which is used for independently heat managing the battery cabin and the electrical cabin through two independent liquid cooling branches to form a forward and upward heat dissipation pipeline. The battery cabin is provided with a battery module, and the electrical cabin is provided with electrical equipment. The front side of the cabinet body is provided with a cabin door, and the left side, the right side and the rear side of the cabinet body are in a fully closed and opening-free state without a rear maintenance space. Through the creative design, the rear maintenance space of the cabinet body is cancelled, so that a single energy storage device integrated cabinet can be directly installed against a wall or two integrated cabinets can be back-to-back and combined. Under the same configuration capacity, the cabinet body occupies a small area.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of energy storage device technology, and in particular to an integrated energy storage device cabinet. Background Technology

[0002] An integrated energy storage cabinet, hereinafter referred to as an integrated cabinet, is an energy storage device that highly integrates multiple energy devices such as battery systems, converters (hereinafter referred to as PCS), and battery control systems into a single cabinet. It is mainly used in industrial and commercial places such as factories, shopping malls, and office buildings to realize intelligent storage and management of electricity.

[0003] Existing commercial energy storage integrated cabinets are generally divided into two compartments according to their functions: a battery compartment and an electrical compartment. Depending on the arrangement, they can be divided into two types: left-right dual-compartment and top-bottom dual-compartment. The battery compartment is mainly used to install battery modules (hereinafter referred to as PACKs) and high-voltage boxes. Its overall dimensions are relatively fixed. Taking a common 261kWh integrated cabinet as an example, the cabinet contains 5 PACKs, and the battery compartment dimensions are approximately (W*D*H)0*1400*1400 mm, requiring a floor area of ​​1.4㎡. The electrical compartment is used to install PCS, liquid chillers, and other equipment, and its dimensions are not fixed. In the left-right dual-compartment configuration, the liquid chiller and PCS are arranged vertically, one above the other. In the left-right dual-compartment configuration, the electrical compartment is arranged alongside the battery compartment. The width of the electrical compartment is the maximum width of the liquid chiller, while its depth and height are consistent with the battery compartment. The integrated cabinet dimensions are approximately (W*D*H)1300*1400*2mm, with a front maintenance distance of 1.5m and a rear maintenance distance of 1m, requiring a floor area of ​​approximately 5.07㎡. In the upper and lower dual-compartment configuration, the liquid chiller and PCS are arranged vertically and installed horizontally. The electrical compartment and battery compartment are arranged vertically, with a height equal to the sum of the heights of the liquid chiller and PCS. The width and depth are consistent with the battery compartment. The integrated cabinet dimensions are approximately (W*D*H) 0*1400*2200mm, with a front maintenance distance of 1.5m and a rear maintenance distance of 1m, and a site area of ​​approximately 3.9㎡. The upper and lower dual-compartment configuration is an improvement on the left and right dual-compartment configuration. The integrated cabinet's footprint is close to the base area of ​​the PACK, making further optimization less feasible.

[0004] Current integrated energy storage cabinets primarily rely on liquid chillers and fans for heat dissipation. The liquid chillers themselves are cooled by air, which presents two technical challenges: First, the cabinet requires internal air ducts for these devices, increasing internal space and the cabinet's footprint. Second, the cabinet's exterior requires space at the air inlet and outlet, typically at the front and back. Approximately 1.5 meters of space, including the front door for operation and maintenance, and approximately 1 meter of space, are needed at the rear, preventing back-to-back parallel installation. This increases the actual installation depth by an average of about 2.5 meters per cabinet, making it unsuitable for small-area scenarios and limiting the number of units that can be configured in small to medium-sized areas. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of this invention is to overcome the shortcomings and defects of the prior art and provide an integrated energy storage device cabinet that supports back-to-back parallel operation. Through optimization, the internal air duct of the integrated cabinet is reduced, the floor area of ​​the integrated cabinet is reduced, and the space required at the external air inlet and outlet of the integrated cabinet is reduced, thereby reducing the actual floor area of ​​the project, increasing the feasibility of energy storage in small areas, and increasing the number of units that can be configured in small and medium-sized areas.

[0006] This invention is achieved through the following technical solution:

[0007] An integrated energy storage device cabinet includes a cabinet body. The cabinet body has a compartmentalized structure in the longitudinal direction, with a liquid cooling compartment at the top, a battery compartment in the middle, and an electrical compartment at the bottom. The liquid cooling compartment contains a dual-branch liquid cooler, which provides independent thermal management for the battery compartment and the electrical compartment through two independent liquid cooling branches, forming a forward and upward heat dissipation pipe. The battery compartment contains battery modules, and the electrical compartment contains electrical equipment. The front side of the cabinet body has a door, and the left, right, and rear sides of the cabinet body are completely enclosed without openings, leaving no rear maintenance space.

[0008] Preferably, the front of the liquid cooling chamber is an air inlet grille with a dust filter, and the top is an air outlet channel with a rain cover.

[0009] Preferably, the hatch includes an electrical hatch and an electrical door, which is used to maintain the modules inside the cabinet. When the hatch is closed, it forms a complete closed structure with the sides and rear of the cabinet.

[0010] Preferably, a control system or control module, including a battery management system (BMS) and a fire suppression module, is installed on the inner surface of the electrical compartment door. The control system or control module is connected to the battery module, electrical equipment, and liquid cooler via built-in cables to achieve signal and power connection.

[0011] Preferably, the electrical equipment is a PCS converter.

[0012] Preferably, the electrical equipment is a liquid-cooled PCS, which is connected to a pipe of the liquid cooler in the liquid cooling chamber via a quick interface, and is electrically interconnected with the battery module in the battery compartment and the external power grid via a connector.

[0013] Preferably, the battery module is connected to another pipeline of the liquid cooler in the liquid cooling chamber via an interface.

[0014] Preferably, there are multiple battery modules with identical structures.

[0015] Preferably, the cabinet body is a rectangular structure.

[0016] Preferably, the liquid cooling chamber is formed by connecting a dome-shaped shell to the top of the battery compartment.

[0017] This invention, through its innovative design, eliminates the rear maintenance space of the cabinet, reducing the rear maintenance space of a single integrated energy storage unit by 1 square meter. It can be directly installed against the wall, or two integrated cabinets can be installed back-to-back in parallel, reducing the rear maintenance space of each integrated cabinet by 0.5 square meters. Under the same configuration capacity, the overall single cabinet footprint is 2.9 square meters, which is 34% less than the footprint of the upper and lower double-compartment type. Attached Figure Description

[0018] Figures 1-3 These are front, side, and rear view schematic diagrams of the integrated energy storage device cabinet of the present invention.

[0019] Figure 4 This is a top view of the integrated energy storage unit cabinet of the present invention.

[0020] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the interior of the integrated cabinet of the energy storage device of the present invention after the middle compartment and bottom compartment are opened.

[0021] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the liquid cooler inside the top compartment of the integrated energy storage unit of the present invention.

[0022] Figures 7-8 This is a schematic diagram showing the floor space dimensions of a single cabinet / single row of cabinets according to the present invention.

[0023] Figures 9-10 This is a schematic diagram showing the floor space of the double-row back-to-back cabinet of the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0024] The present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the invention and are not intended to limit the invention.

[0025] In an exemplary embodiment of this application, the integrated energy storage cabinet is an industrial and commercial integrated energy storage cabinet with two parallel installation methods: side-by-side and back-to-back. Through a three-compartment layered structure design, an optimized full liquid cooling heat dissipation system, and a fully enclosed side and rear structure, it achieves the goals of low footprint, reliable wall installation, and convenient maintenance.

[0026] See Figures 1 to 6 As shown, the integrated energy storage cabinet of this application embodiment adopts a vertical three-compartment layered design with a liquid cooling compartment 103 at the top, a battery compartment 101 in the middle, and an electrical compartment 102 at the bottom. The whole structure is fully enclosed, with only the air inlet on the front side of the liquid cooling compartment and the air outlet at the top retained. There are no air vents, observation windows or doors on the left, right sides and the rear of the cabinet.

[0027] In this application, a vertical three-compartment layered structure consisting of a top liquid-cooled compartment, a middle battery compartment, and a bottom electrical compartment achieves functional zoning and a compact spatial layout for the components.

[0028] In one embodiment, the liquid cooling chamber 103 has dimensions (W*D*H) adapted to the width of the entire machine, typically 1000*1400*500mm. It integrates a dual-branch liquid cooler 401, which outputs two independent liquid cooling pipes that connect to the PACK 301 of the battery compartment 101 and the PCS 302 of the bottom electrical compartment 102, respectively, for targeted cooling. The front of the chamber is equipped with an air inlet grille 104 with a dust filter, and the top is equipped with an air outlet duct 201 with a rain cover, forming a "forward and upward" heat dissipation airflow.

[0029] In this application, a fully liquid-cooled heat dissipation system for the integrated cabinet of the energy storage device is realized by using a top-mounted dual-branch liquid cooler, with the two pipelines cooling the PACK and PCS independently, and only the front-facing top air outlet duct is retained.

[0030] In this application, the cabinet has no air vents, doors or maintenance windows on the left, right and rear sides, realizing a fully enclosed side and rear design, supporting side-by-side and back-to-back parallel operation. By operating the control equipment, PACK, PCS and electrical components through the front door, the rear maintenance space is eliminated, reducing the space occupied by the cabinet.

[0031] The quick-connect design of the liquid cooling pipes in the liquid cooler facilitates the rapid disassembly and replacement of components in the top liquid cooling compartment, the middle battery compartment, and the bottom electrical compartment of the three-compartment layered structure, thereby improving maintenance efficiency.

[0032] In one embodiment, the battery compartment 101 has typical dimensions (W*D*H) of 1000*1400*1600mm. Six liquid-cooled PACKs 301 are evenly arranged longitudinally inside, which is one more PACK 301 than the capacity of the existing 261kWh integrated cabinet PACK. The battery module PACK 301 is connected to the liquid cooling pipeline through quick-connect interfaces. A sealed door 303 is provided on the front of the battery compartment 101. The control device 304, including the BMS battery management system and the fire protection module, is mounted on the inside of the battery compartment door 303. The control device 304 is connected to the battery module PACK 301, PCS 302 and liquid cooler 401 through built-in cables to achieve signal and power connection. When the battery compartment door 303 is closed, it forms a completely closed structure with the side and rear of the cabinet.

[0033] The liquid chiller 401 is a prior art product, such as... Figure 6 As shown, it has an air inlet duct 402 at the front and two air outlet ducts at the top. The top of the battery compartment is covered by a cover. The cabinet consists of a rectangular frame and three side panels and doors. The doors are hinged to the frame and are equipped with locks. The battery compartment contains a battery module mounting and fixing structure, as shown... Figure 5 As shown.

[0034] In one embodiment, the electrical compartment 102 typically has dimensions (W*D*H) of 1000*1400*300mm. A liquid-cooled PCS302 is horizontally arranged inside. The liquid-cooled PCS302 is connected to the second pipeline of the liquid chiller 401 via a quick-connect interface, and is also electrically interconnected with the battery compartment PACK301 and the external power grid interface via copper busbars. The electrical compartment 102 has an independent sealed door 305 on the front, with reserved wiring terminals, protection switches, and other maintenance components inside. There are no rear or side maintenance interfaces. When the electrical door 305 is closed, it forms a completely enclosed structure with the sides and rear of the cabinet.

[0035] In an exemplary embodiment of this application, the heat dissipation principle of the integrated energy storage device cabinet is as follows:

[0036] After the dual-branch liquid cooler is started, the first pipeline delivers cooling medium to the battery compartment (PACK) to absorb the heat generated during battery charging and discharging; the second pipeline delivers cooling medium to the electrical compartment (PCS) to absorb the heat generated during PCS operation; the cooled medium after absorbing heat flows back to the liquid cooler, and the heat is discharged from the top air outlet through the built-in self-cooling fan of the liquid cooler without the need for additional fans or air ducts, achieving synchronous cooling of "PACK+PCS" with full liquid cooling.

[0037] In an exemplary embodiment of this application, the integrated energy storage cabinet, because its left, right, and rear sides are fully enclosed, allows multiple integrated cabinets to be used in parallel in two ways:

[0038] 1. Side-by-side parallel operation: The left and right sides of adjacent cabinets are closely fitted together, sharing the side space, with no additional spacing requirements; 2. Back-to-back parallel operation: The backs of adjacent cabinets are closely fitted together, eliminating the need for the rear reserved space required for a single cabinet and significantly saving space.

[0039] Example 1: Single cabinet / single row of cabinets side by side

[0040] 1. Cabinet dimensions: Overall W*D*H is 1000*1400*2400mm, top liquid cooling compartment 500mm + middle battery compartment 1600mm + bottom electrical compartment 300mm, the cabinet itself occupies an area of ​​1.4㎡.

[0041] 2. Component Configuration:

[0042] ① Top liquid-cooled compartment: 1 dual-branch liquid-cooled unit; ② Middle battery compartment: 6 liquid-cooled PACKs, each with a capacity of 52.2kWh, for a total capacity of 313.5kWh. Control equipment, battery management system, and fire-fighting module are mounted inside the compartment doors; ③ Bottom electrical compartment: 1 liquid-cooled PCS and 1 fire-fighting gas cylinder.

[0043] 3. Heat dissipation principle: After the dual-branch liquid cooler is started, the first pipeline delivers cooling medium to the battery compartment (PACK) to absorb the heat generated during battery charging and discharging; the second pipeline delivers cooling medium to the electrical compartment (PCS) to absorb the heat generated during PCS operation; the cooled medium after heat absorption flows back to the liquid cooler, and the heat is discharged from the top air outlet through the built-in self-cooling fan of the liquid cooler without the need for additional fans or air ducts, realizing synchronous cooling of "PACK+PCS" with full liquid cooling.

[0044] 4. Installation method: Choose a flat site. The cabinet can be placed directly against the wall. There is no space reserved behind it, but a 1.5m operating distance should be reserved in front. See [link / reference]. Figures 7-8 As shown;

[0045] 5. Maintenance process:

[0046] ① Routine maintenance: Simply open the front hatch, check the operating data through the control equipment, and clean the front air intake grille. ② Component replacement: Open the front hatch of the battery compartment or electrical compartment, disconnect the quick-connect interface and cable of the liquid cooling pipe of the corresponding component, and remove the faulty component for replacement. There is no need to move the cabinet or operate the rear / side.

[0047] 6. Floor space: Floor space of a single cabinet = 1.5m + 1.4m × 1.0m = 2.9㎡.

[0048] Table 1 shows the comparison data between single-cabinet and single-row side-by-side cabinets.

[0049] Table 1

[0050] project This invention is a single cabinet Existing dual-compartment liquid-cooled integrated cabinet Improvement range PACK Quantity 6 5 Increase by 20% Area 1.4㎡ 1.4㎡ none Volumetric energy density kWh / m² 220kWh / ㎡ 186kWh / ㎡ Increase by 18% Maintenance space 1.5㎡ 2.5㎡ Reduce by 40% Actual site area 2.9㎡ 3.9㎡ Reduced by 34% Cleaning and maintenance areas 1 liquid chiller 2 liquid chillers, PCS Reduce by 50% Operating noise ≤70dB ≤75dB Reduced by 40%

[0051] Example 2: Double-row side-by-side, back-to-back cabinets

[0052] 1. Installation method: Select a flat site. The two standard configuration integrated cabinets should be tightly fitted together at the back with no gaps, sharing the rear space. A 1.5m operating distance should be reserved at the front for each cabinet. See [link / reference]. Figures 9-10 As shown;

[0053] 2. Floor space: Average floor space per unit = 1.5m + 1.4m + 1.4m + 1.5m × 1.0m / 2 units = 2.9㎡.

[0054] The comparison data of side-by-side cabinets and double-row cabinets are shown in Table 2.

[0055] Table 2

[0056] project This invention (2 rows, 3 columns) Existing dual-compartment liquid-cooled integrated cabinet, 2 rows and 3 columns Improvement range Total area 8.4㎡ 8.4㎡ none line spacing 0 3-4.5㎡ reduce% Maintenance space 9㎡ 9㎡ none Actual site area 17.4㎡ 20.4㎡ Reduced by 17%

[0057] The integrated energy storage cabinet of this application adopts a fully liquid-cooled design, which reduces the number of fans in the cabinet, thereby reducing equipment costs, reducing the overall operating noise of the cabinet, and reducing the failures and maintenance needs caused by fans. With only one self-heating fan in the liquid-cooled unit, there is no need to reserve additional air ducts, which improves the utilization rate of the cabinet space and reduces the cabinet footprint. Furthermore, there is no need to set up additional ventilation holes, which reduces the number of cleaning requirements and extends the maintenance cycle.

[0058] The integrated energy storage unit cabinet of this application can reduce the difficulty of installation and maintenance. No space needs to be reserved behind the integrated cabinet. It supports back-to-back parallel operation. Single-cabinet single-row installation can reduce the footprint of each cabinet by about 1m², and double-row back-to-back installation can reduce the footprint of each unit by about 0.5m².

[0059] The foregoing has shown and described the basic principles, main features, and advantages of the present invention. It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that the present invention is not limited to the details of the above exemplary embodiments, and that the present invention can be implemented in other specific forms without departing from the spirit or basic features of the present invention.

[0060] Therefore, the embodiments should be regarded as exemplary and non-limiting in all respects, and the scope of the invention is defined by the appended claims rather than the foregoing description. Thus, it is intended that all variations falling within the meaning and scope of the equivalents of the claims be included within the invention.

[0061] Furthermore, it should be understood that although this specification describes embodiments, not every embodiment contains only one independent technical solution. This narrative style is merely for clarity. Those skilled in the art should consider the specification as a whole, and the technical solutions in each embodiment can also be appropriately combined to form other embodiments that can be understood by those skilled in the art.

Claims

1. An integrated energy storage unit cabinet, characterized in that, The cabinet includes a compartmentalized structure in the longitudinal direction, with a liquid cooling compartment at the top, a battery compartment in the middle, and an electrical compartment at the bottom. The liquid cooling compartment contains a dual-branch liquid cooler, which provides independent thermal management for the battery compartment and the electrical compartment through two independent liquid cooling branches, forming a forward and upward heat dissipation pipe. The battery compartment contains battery modules, and the electrical compartment contains electrical equipment. The front of the cabinet has a door, and the left, right, and rear sides of the cabinet are completely enclosed without openings, leaving no rear maintenance space.

2. The integrated energy storage device cabinet according to claim 1, characterized in that, The front of the liquid cooling chamber is an air inlet grille with a dust filter, and the top is an air outlet channel with a rain cover.

3. The integrated energy storage device cabinet according to claim 1, characterized in that, The hatch includes an electrical hatch and an electrical door. The modules inside the cabinet are maintained by opening the hatch. When the hatch is closed, it forms a complete closed structure with the sides and rear of the cabinet.

4. The integrated energy storage device cabinet according to claim 3, characterized in that, The inner surface of the electrical compartment door is equipped with a control system or control module, including a battery management system (BMS) and a fire suppression module. The control system or control module is connected to the battery module, electrical equipment, and liquid cooler via built-in cables to achieve signal and power connection.

5. The integrated energy storage device cabinet according to claim 1, characterized in that, The electrical equipment is a PCS converter.

6. The integrated energy storage device cabinet according to claim 1, characterized in that, The electrical equipment is a liquid-cooled PCS. The electrical equipment is connected to a pipeline of the liquid cooler in the liquid cooling chamber through a quick interface. The electrical equipment is connected to the battery module in the battery compartment and the external power grid through a connector to achieve power interconnection.

7. The integrated energy storage device cabinet according to claim 1, characterized in that, The battery module is connected to another pipeline of the liquid cooler inside the liquid cooling chamber via an interface.

8. The integrated energy storage device cabinet according to claim 1, characterized in that, There are multiple battery modules, all with the same structure.

9. The integrated energy storage device cabinet according to claim 1, characterized in that, The cabinet has a rectangular structure.

10. The integrated energy storage device cabinet according to claim 1, characterized in that, The liquid cooling chamber is formed by connecting a dome-shaped shell to the top of the battery compartment.

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