Electronic device

Abstract

An electronic device is disclosed. An electronic device includes a first pattern having a first corner and a second corner, and a feed element configured to be electrically coupled to the first pattern. The feed element is closer to the first corner than to the second corner. The first pattern has a first tab adjacent to the first corner.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This disclosure generally relates to an electronic device. Background Technology

[0002] With the ever-growing demand for wearable technology, developing compact and efficient antenna designs is essential. Compared to patch antennas, magneto-electric (ME) dipole antennas offer superior bandwidth and gain characteristics, making them suitable for gigahertz (GHz) communication systems. However, incorporating a center patch between the dipoles to adjust impedance matching can increase the XY dimensions of the product. Summary of the Invention

[0003] In some arrangements, an electronic device includes a first pattern having a first corner and a second corner, and a feed element configured to be electrically coupled to the first pattern. The feed element is closer to the first corner than to the second corner. The first pattern has a first lug adjacent to the first corner.

[0004] In some arrangements, an electronic device includes a first pattern and a second pattern, the second pattern having a plurality of tabs of equal width extending toward the first pattern.

[0005] In some arrangements, an electronic device includes a first magnetoelectric dipole antenna and a second magnetoelectric dipole antenna adjacent to the first magnetoelectric dipole antenna. The second magnetoelectric dipole antenna has a first pattern and a second pattern. The first pattern has a first lug and a second lug, which are configured to guide a uniformly oriented current in the second magnetoelectric dipole antenna. Attached Figure Description

[0006] Some aspects of the arrangements of this disclosure are best understood from the following detailed description when read in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. It should be noted that the various structures may not be drawn to scale, and the dimensions of the various structures may be arbitrarily increased or decreased for clarity of explanation.

[0007] Figure 1A This is a top view of an electronic device arranged according to this disclosure.

[0008] Figure 1B It is a cross-section of an electronic device arranged according to this disclosure.

[0009] Figure 1C This is a top view of an electronic device arranged according to this disclosure.

[0010] Figure 2 This is a perspective view of an electronic device arranged according to the present disclosure.

[0011] Figure 3It is a simulated curve of the return loss of an electronic device arranged according to this disclosure relative to frequency.

[0012] Figure 4A This is a top view of an electronic device arranged according to this disclosure.

[0013] Figure 4B This is a top view of an electronic device arranged according to this disclosure.

[0014] Figure 4C This is a top view of an electronic device arranged according to this disclosure.

[0015] Figure 4D It is a simulated curve of the return loss of an electronic device arranged according to this disclosure relative to frequency.

[0016] Figure 5 A simulated current distribution of an electronic device arranged according to this disclosure is shown.

[0017] Figure 6 This is a top view of an electronic device arranged according to this disclosure.

[0018] Figure 7 It is a simulated graph of the sidelobe level of an electronic device arranged according to the present disclosure relative to an angle.

[0019] Figure 8 This is a top view of an electronic device according to a comparative embodiment of the present disclosure. Detailed Implementation

[0020] Common reference numerals are used throughout the drawings and detailed embodiments to indicate the same or similar components. The arrangement of this disclosure will be readily understood from the following detailed description taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

[0021] The following disclosure provides numerous different arrangements or examples of implementing various features of the provided subject matter. Specific examples of components and arrangements are described below to illustrate certain aspects of this disclosure. These are, of course, merely examples and are not intended to be limiting. For instance, in the following description, an arrangement may be formed above or on a second feature, which may include the first and second features being formed or disposed in direct contact, and may also include arrangements where additional features may be formed or disposed between the first and second features such that the first and second features are not in direct contact. Furthermore, reference numerals and / or letters may be repeated in various instances of this disclosure. This repetition is for the purpose of simplicity and clarity and does not, in itself, prescribe a relationship between the various arrangements and / or configurations discussed.

[0022] Figure 1A This is a top view of the electronic device 1a arranged according to this disclosure. Figure 1B Some arrangements according to this disclosure are shown along Figure 1AA cross-sectional view of the electronic device 1a with line AA' in the diagram. Figure 1C A top view of a portion of the electronic device 1a arranged according to this disclosure is shown.

[0023] In some arrangements, electronic device 1a may be or include, for example, an antenna device or antenna package. In some arrangements, electronic device 1a may be or include, for example, a wireless device, such as a user equipment (UE), a mobile station, a mobile device, a device communicating with the Internet of Things (IoT), etc. In some arrangements, electronic device 1a may be or include a portable device.

[0024] The electronic device 1a may include patterns 10p1, 10p2, 11p1 and 11p2, feeding elements 10f1, 10f2, 11f1 and 11f2, conductive layers 12, 14, 15 and 16, conductive vias 12v, 14v and 15v, and dielectric layer 13.

[0025] Patterns 10p1, 10p2, 11p1, and 11p2 can also be referred to as conductive elements, antenna elements, antenna patches, radiating elements, or radiating patches. Patterns 10p1, 10p2, 11p1, and 11p2 can be configured to radiate and / or receive electromagnetic (EM) waves / signals, such as radio waves, microwaves, infrared waves, X-rays, gamma rays, etc. Patterns 10p1, 10p2, 11p1, and 11p2 can be configured to operate at any desired frequency (band and / or bandwidth) to support fifth-generation (5G), super 5G, and / or 6G communications. For example, patterns 10p1, 10p2, 11p1, and 11p2 can be configured to operate in microwave bands, sub-6GHz bands, 5GHz bands, terahertz (THz) bands, etc.

[0026] Patterns 10p1, 10p2, 11p1, and 11p2 can be electrically coupled or connected to corresponding feed elements. Feed elements can be configured to be electrically coupled or connected to corresponding patterns. Patterns 10p1, 10p2, 11p1, and 11p2 can be excited by the feed elements.

[0027] For example, pattern 10p1 can be electrically coupled or connected to feed element 10f1. Feed element 10f1 can intersect pattern 10p1 perpendicularly, with the midpoint of the intersection being the feed point. As used herein, the term "coupled" describes bringing two circuits close enough to allow mutual influence, inductive coupling, energy coupling, etc. As used herein, the term "connected" describes two circuits in direct contact with each other or electrically connected via interconnects.

[0028] Similarly, pattern 10p2 can be electrically coupled or connected to feed element 10f2. Pattern 11p1 can be electrically coupled or connected to feed element 11f1. Pattern 11p2 can be electrically coupled or connected to feed element 11f2.

[0029] Patterns 10p1, 10p2, 11p1, and 11p2 may comprise 2×2 arrays or be arranged in 2×2 arrays. From a top view, patterns 10p1, 10p2, 11p1, and 11p2 may be arranged substantially symmetrically around the center of dielectric layer 13. From a top view, feed elements 10f1, 10f2, 11f1, and 11f2 may be arranged substantially symmetrically around the center of dielectric layer 13.

[0030] Feeding elements 10f1, 10f2, 11f1, and 11f2 can be arranged close to each other. For example, the corner 103c of pattern 10p1 can be closer to patterns 10p2, 11p1, and 11p2 than one or more of the other corners of pattern 10p1.

[0031] The feed element 10f1 can be closer to the corner 103c than to other corners of the pattern 10p1. For example, as Figure 1C As shown in the enlarged view, the feed element 10f1 can be closer to corner 103c than to corners 101c, 102c, and / or 104c. The feed element 10f1 can be positioned adjacent to corner 103c. The feed element 10f1 can be positioned at corner 103c.

[0032] Feed element 10f1 can be closer to patterns 10p2, 11p1, and 11p2 than one or more of the other corners of pattern 10p1. When feed elements 10f1, 10f2, 11f1, and 11f2 are close together, this helps to minimize impedance mismatch and reduce losses in energy transmission.

[0033] Patterns 10p1 and 10p2, along with feed elements 10f1 and 10f2, can be part of antenna 10. Patterns 10p1 and 10p2, along with feed elements 10f1 and 10f2, can be collectively configured to form or constitute antenna 10. Antenna 10 may comprise a magneto-electric (ME) dipole antenna. For example, patterns 10p1 and 10p2 can be electric dipoles of antenna 10. Feed elements 10f1 and 10f2 can be magnetic dipoles of antenna 10. The electric and magnetic dipoles of the magneto-electric dipole antenna work together to radiate electromagnetic waves and facilitate communication. This configuration makes the magneto-electric dipole antenna suitable for a wide variety of applications, including wireless communication, radar, and sensing systems.

[0034] Similarly, patterns 11p1 and 11p2 and feed elements 11f1 and 11f2 can be part of antenna 11, such as a magnetoelectric dipole antenna.

[0035] Pattern 10p1 can have tabs 10t1. For example, as... Figure 1C As shown in the enlarged view, pattern 10p1 may comprise a larger rectangular shape and smaller rectangular shapes connected to it. The larger and smaller rectangular shapes can be seamlessly connected to form a monolithic design. For example, the larger and smaller rectangular shapes can be adjacent. The larger and smaller rectangular shapes can be integral. The larger and smaller rectangular shapes can be formed as a single piece. The larger and smaller rectangular shapes can be seamless.

[0036] The larger rectangular shape of pattern 10p1 may have four sides 101, 102, 103, and 104. The sides of pattern 10p1 may be substantially perpendicular to adjacent sides. For example, sides 101 and 102 may form, constitute, or define corner 101c. For example, sides 102 and 103 may form, constitute, or define corner 102c. For example, sides 103 and 104 may form, constitute, or define corner 103c. For example, sides 104 and 101 may form, constitute, or define corner 104c.

[0037] Corner 103c may include a generally vertical corner. Lug 10t1 may include a smaller rectangular shape. Lug 10t1 may protrude from side 104. Lug 10t1 may be or include a protruding portion of pattern 10p1. Side 104 may be recessed relative to lug 10t1. Lug 10t1 may extend from side 104 of pattern 10p1 toward pattern 10p2, such as... Figure 1A As shown.

[0038] The auricle 10t1 may have a size (e.g., width) of about 30 micrometers (μm) to 90 μm, about 40 μm to 80 μm or about 60 μm 10t1w.

[0039] The lug 10t1 can be placed near or at the corner 103c. The lug 10t1 can have a side 10t1s that is generally aligned, coplanar, or adjacent to the side 103. The side 10t1s can be generally flat or flat.

[0040] Side 103 and side 10t1s can together form or constitute the longest side of pattern 10p1. For example, considering pattern 10p1, when viewed from the top, it has a total of six sides. Side 103 and side 10t1s together form the side with the largest dimension. The longest side of pattern 10p1 can be generally flat or flat. The longest side of pattern 10p1 can face pattern 11p1, such as... Figure 1A As shown.

[0041] Antenna 10 may have two lugs. For example, pattern 10p1 may have a lug 10t1 extending toward pattern 10p2, and pattern 10p2 may have a lug 10t2 extending toward pattern 10p1. The lugs 10t1 and 10t2 of antenna 10 may extend toward each other. The lugs 10t1 and 10t2 of antenna 10 may extend opposite each other. The lugs 10t1 and 10t2 of antenna 10 may be spaced apart from each other. The lugs 10t1 and 10t2 of antenna 10 may not be in direct contact with each other. The lugs 10t1 and 10t2 of antenna 10 may not be in physical contact with each other.

[0042] Similarly, antenna 11 may have two lugs. For example, pattern 11p1 may have a lug 11t1 extending toward pattern 11p2, and pattern 11p2 may have a lug 11t2 extending toward pattern 11p1. The lugs 11t1 and 11t2 of antenna 11 may extend toward each other. The lugs 11t1 and 11t2 of antenna 11 may extend opposite to each other. The lugs 11t1 and 11t2 of antenna 11 may be spaced apart from each other. The lugs 11t1 and 11t2 of antenna 11 may not be in direct contact with each other. The lugs 11t1 and 11t2 of antenna 11 may not be in physical contact with each other.

[0043] In some arrangements, there may be no lugs on the side of antenna 10 facing antenna 11. For example, the side 103 of antenna 10 facing antenna 11 may be generally flat or flat. The side 113 of antenna 11 facing antenna 10 may be generally flat or flat.

[0044] In some arrangements, two distinct distances S2 and S3 may exist between patterns 10p1 and 10p2 of antenna 10. Distance S2 can be determined by measuring the space between the opposing surfaces of patterns 10p1 and 10p2. Distance S3 can be determined by measuring the space between the opposing surfaces of lugs 10t1 and 10t2. Distance S2 can be the longest distance between the opposing surfaces of patterns 10p1 and 10p2. Distance S3 can be the shortest distance between the opposing surfaces of lugs 10t1 and 10t2. In some arrangements, distance S2 can be in the range of approximately 100 μm to 120 μm. In some arrangements, distance S3 can be less than approximately 120 μm. In some arrangements, distance S3 can be less than approximately 100 μm.

[0045] In some arrangements, adjusting the distance S2 can effectively reduce parasitic capacitance. However, it is crucial to consider that this adjustment may result in a larger XY dimension of the product. By implementing two different distances S2 and S3 between patterns 10p1 and 10p2 of antenna 10, it is possible to minimize parasitic capacitance without sacrificing miniaturization.

[0046] Antenna 10 can be spaced apart from antenna 11 by a distance S1. The distance S1 can be determined by measuring the space between the opposing surfaces of patterns 10p1 and 11p1. The distance S1 can be the shortest distance between patterns 10p1 and 11p1. In some arrangements, the distance S2 can be in the range of approximately 60 μm to 120 μm. In some arrangements, the distance S1 can be less than the distance S2. In some arrangements, the distance S2 can be greater than the distance S1. In some arrangements, the distance S1 can be approximately equal to the distance S2.

[0047] In some arrangements, distance S3 can be less than distance S2. In some arrangements, distance S3 can be less than distance S1. In some arrangements, distance S3 can be approximately equal to distance S1.

[0048] Lugs 10t1, 10t2, 11t1, and 11t2 may be positioned close to the corresponding feed elements 10f1, 10f2, 11f1, and 11f2. For example, lug 10t1 may be positioned adjacent to the corner 103c in which the feed element 10f1 is positioned. For example, the feed element 10f1 may be positioned closer to the corner 103c than to one or more of the other corners 101c, 102c, and 104c of the pattern 10p1, and lug 10t1 may be positioned adjacent to the corner 103c. For example, both the feed element 10f1 and lug 10t1 may be positioned closer to the corner 103c than to one or more of the other corners 101c, 102c, and 104c of the pattern 10p1.

[0049] Lugs 10t1, 10t2, 11t1, and 11t2 can be positioned close to each other. For example, corner 103c of pattern 10p1 can be closer to patterns 10p2, 11p1, and 11p2 than other corners 101c, 102c, and 104c of pattern 10p1. Lug 10t1 can be positioned adjacent to corner 103c. Lug 10t1 can be positioned at corner 103c. By positioning lugs 10t1, 10t2, 11t1, and 11t2 closely to their respective feed elements 10f1, 10f2, 11f1, and 11f2, power transfer can be reduced and overall antenna performance can be enhanced.

[0050] Figure 8This is a top view of an electronic device 8 according to a comparative embodiment of the present disclosure. In the comparative embodiment, a center patch 81 may be added between patterns 80 to adjust impedance matching. However, this design modification may result in an increase in the overall XY dimensions of the product.

[0051] According to some arrangements of this disclosure, the use of lugs in the antenna array improves impedance matching and allows for a smaller antenna array size compared to conventional magnetoelectric dipole antenna arrays, thus meeting the requirements for miniaturization. Using lugs 10t1, 10t2, 11t1, and 11t2, the radiation patterns of antennas 10 and 11 of electronic device 1a can be balanced and symmetrical. Figure 5 The simulated current distribution image shows that the current J in the thorax design... e The direction is more consistent, thus achieving a better excitation effect for the antenna.

[0052] Furthermore, the lug design offers the flexibility to adjust impedance according to different frequency and bandwidth requirements, thereby enhancing design flexibility without increasing the overall area. For example, Figure 3 The simulation curves show that the lug width can serve as a potential variable for adjusting the operating frequency. Similarly, Figure 4D The simulation curves suggest that the number of thoraxes may be a variable used to modify the operating frequency.

[0053] In some arrangements, conductive layer 12 may surround antennas 10 and 11. Conductive layer 12 may be electrically coupled or connected to conductive via 12v. In some embodiments, conductive layer 12 may be configured to provide electromagnetic interference (EMI) shielding protection for antennas 10 and 11 of electronic device 1a. In some embodiments, conductive layer 12 may be configured to act as a shield against EMI. For example, conductive layer 12 may be configured to provide EMI shielding to prevent antennas 10 and 11 of electronic device 1a from being interfered with by other electronic components, and vice versa.

[0054] In some arrangements, such as Figure 1B As shown, conductive layer 12 and patterns 10p1 and 10p2 can be disposed above dielectric layer 13. Conductive layer 12 and patterns 10p1 and 10p2 can be disposed above the top surface 131 of dielectric layer 13. Conductive layer 12 and patterns 10p1 and 10p2 can be disposed at substantially the same elevation. For example, conductive layer 12 and patterns 10p1 and 10p2 can be disposed at substantially the same elevation relative to conductive layer 14.

[0055] In some arrangements, the conductive layer 12 may be partially or completely covered or surrounded by the dielectric layer 13. In some arrangements, patterns 10p1 and 10p2 may be partially or completely covered or surrounded by the dielectric layer 13.

[0056] The conductive via 12v and the feed elements 10f1 and 10f2 can penetrate a portion of the dielectric layer 13. The conductive via 12v and the feed elements 10f1 and 10f2 can be positioned at the same elevation in the dielectric layer 13. The conductive via 12v and the feed elements 10f1 and 10f2 can be positioned at substantially the same elevation relative to the conductive layer 14.

[0057] The conductive via 12V and the feeding elements 10f1 and 10f2 can each be electrically coupled or connected to the conductive layer 14.

[0058] The conductive layer 14 may include or define a groove 14h. The groove 14h may be configured to be electrically coupled to or connected to the lugs 10t1, 10t2, 11t1, and 11t2. Electromagnetic waves radiated through the groove 14h may be electrically coupled to the lugs 10t1, 10t2, 11t1, and 11t2.

[0059] The trench 14h may be or include an opening filled with the dielectric layer 13. For example... Figure 1B As shown, the trench 14h can be located at an elevation different from that of the lugs 10t1, 10t2, 11t1, and 11t2 along direction D1. Direction D1 can be vertical, and conductive layers 16, 15, 14, and 12 can be stacked along direction D1. The trench 14h can be separated from the lugs 10t1, 10t2, 11t1, and 11t2 along direction D1 via dielectric layer 13. The trench 14h can be spaced apart from the lugs 10t1, 10t2, 11t1, and 11t2 along direction D1. The trench 14h can be positioned on the opposite side of dielectric layer 13 relative to the lugs 10t1, 10t2, 11t1, and 11t2.

[0060] The outline of groove 14h is in Figure 1A As shown in the figure, the projection of the trench 14h onto the top surface 131 of the dielectric layer 13 can lie partially between patterns 10p1 and 10p2, and partially between patterns 11p1 and 11p2. The trench 14h can be arranged symmetrically around the center of the dielectric layer 13.

[0061] Lugs 10t1, 10t2, 11t1, and 11t2 may each overlap with the projection of groove 14h. Lugs 10t1, 10t2, 11t1, and 11t2 may be suspended above groove 14h. Lugs 10t1, 10t2, 11t1, and 11t2 may protrude beyond groove 14h.

[0062] The conductive via 14V can be electrically coupled or connected between conductive layers 14 and 15. Conductive layer 15 may include a coaxial connector 15a and a grounding element 15b.

[0063] A conductive via 15V can be electrically coupled or connected between conductive layers 15 and 16. Conductive layer 16 may contain a transmission line (e.g., a microstrip line) 16a and a ground element 16b. In some arrangements, transmission line 16a may be electrically coupled to an electronic component (not shown). The electronic component may include one or more of the following: a radio frequency (RF) integrated circuit (IC), an analog-to-digital (A / D) converter, a digital-to-analog (D / A) converter, a filter, a low-noise amplifier (LNA), a power amplifier, a multiplexer, a demultiplexer, a modulator, a demodulator, etc.

[0064] In some arrangements, conductive layers 14 and 15 and conductive via 14v can constitute or form a waveguide. In some arrangements, the waveguide may comprise a substrate-integrated waveguide (SIW) or another three-dimensional structure for transmitting, guiding, propagating, and / or directing electromagnetic waves. For example, electromagnetic waves can be fed into the waveguide via coaxial connector 15a, propagate within the area defined by conductive via 14v, and then radiate through slot 14h.

[0065] According to some arrangements of this disclosure, by making the lugs 10t1, 10t2, 11t1 and 11t2 overlap with the slot 14h, the electromagnetic waves radiated through the slot 14h can improve the coupling efficiency between the waveguide and the antenna.

[0066] In some arrangements, patterns 10p1, 10p2, 11p1 and 11p2, feed elements 10f1, 10f2, 11f1 and 11f2, lugs 10t1, 10t2, 11t1 and 11t2, conductive layers 12, 14, 15 and 16, and conductive vias 12v, 14v and 15v may each comprise a conductive material, such as a metal or metal alloy. Examples of conductive materials may include (but are not limited to) gold (Au), silver (Ag), copper (Cu), platinum (Pt), palladium (Pd), other metals or alloys, or combinations thereof.

[0067] In some arrangements, conductive layers 14, 15, and 16 may be surrounded or covered by the same single dielectric layer (i.e., dielectric layer 13). In some arrangements, conductive layers 14, 15, and 16 may be surrounded or covered by multiple different dielectric layers.

[0068] In some arrangements, dielectric layer 13 may comprise an epoxy resin with filler, a molding compound (e.g., an epoxy resin molding compound or another molding compound), a polyimide, a phenolic compound or material, a material in which silicone resin is dispersed, or a combination thereof. In some arrangements, dielectric layer 13 may comprise prepreg composite fibers (e.g., a prepreg), ceramic-filled polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) composites, borosilicate glass (BPSG), silicon oxide, silicon nitride, silicon oxynitride, undoped silicate glass (USG), any combination thereof, etc. Examples of prepregs may comprise (but are not limited to) multilayer structures formed by stacking or laminating several prepreg materials / sheets.

[0069] Figure 2 A perspective view of an electronic device 2 according to some arrangements of the present disclosure is shown. In some arrangements, Figure 2 and Figure 1B Identical or similar elements are labeled with the same symbols, and for the sake of brevity, identical or similar descriptions will not be repeated below.

[0070] Electronic device 2 is similar to electronic device 1a, except that the pattern 10p1 of electronic device 2 can each have four lugs 10t1. The shape, size and number of lugs 10t1 can be selected based on factors related to electromagnetic waves, such as resonant frequency, impedance, admittance (the reciprocal of impedance), phase, wavelength, etc.

[0071] Figure 3 This is a simulated graph of the return loss of the electronic device 2 arranged according to this disclosure relative to frequency. The return loss of the antenna device indicates the portion of the input electromagnetic wave supplied to the antenna device that is reflected back to the input port. The design goal is typically to keep the return loss as low as possible (typically below -10 dB). Figure 3 As shown, a lug width of approximately 40 μm may be more suitable for high-frequency applications. A lug width of approximately 80 μm can provide the lowest return loss and better impedance matching.

[0072] Figure 4A , Figure 4B and Figure 4C A top view of electronic devices 4a, 4b, and 4c arranged according to this disclosure is shown. Although in Figure 1A Each pattern has one lug, but the number of lugs is not limited to this. For example, each pattern can have as follows: Figure 4A The two protruding ears shown are as follows: Figure 4B The three protrusions shown or as Figure 4C The four lugs are shown. In some arrangements, the lugs of the pattern may be spaced approximately equally. In some arrangements, the lugs of the pattern may have a uniform width.

[0073] In some arrangements, the lugs of the pattern can be located on the same side of the pattern. For example, the lugs of the pattern can be specifically located on one side of the pattern. For example, in Figure 4C In this design, the lug 10t1 may exist only on the side of pattern 10p1 facing pattern 10p2. The remaining sides of pattern 10p1 may not have lugs and may appear generally flat or flat. For example, the surface of pattern 10p1 facing pattern 10p2 may contain a square wave boundary. The remaining surfaces of pattern 10p1 may contain generally flat or flat boundaries.

[0074] In some arrangements, the lugs of each pattern may be suspended above the groove 14h. The lugs of each pattern may protrude beyond the groove 14h. The lugs of each pattern may overlap with the projection of the groove 14h.

[0075] Figure 4D This is a simulated graph of the return loss versus frequency for electronic devices with different numbers of lugs arranged according to this disclosure. Figure 4D As shown, 1 protruding ear design (such as Figure 1A (As shown) can have the lowest return loss and better impedance matching. 1. Lug design (such as...) Figure 1A (As shown) This design is more suitable for high-frequency applications. 4. Lug design (such as...) Figure 4C As shown, it can be more stable in the D band (i.e., the band ranging from 110 GHz to 170 GHz).

[0076] Figure 5 The current distribution of the electronic device 1a arranged according to this disclosure is shown.

[0077] The all-black vector t1 represents the magnetic field between 30 and 46 A / m (amperes per meter), the striped vector t2 represents the magnetic field between 15 and 30 A / m, and the all-white vector t3 represents the magnetic field between 0 and 15 A / m.

[0078] In order to guide a consistent directional current flow in the antenna (e.g., a magnetoelectric dipole antenna) of the electronic device 1a, the lugs 10t1 and 10t2 of the antenna 10 can protrude toward each other. The current J on patterns 10p1 and 10p2 of the antenna 10 is shown. e The currents flow in substantially the same direction. Similarly, the currents on patterns 11p1 and 11p2 of antenna 11 flow in substantially the same direction. The current intensity is greater in the upward and downward directions. Lateral interference between antenna 10 and antenna 11 is reduced. This results in a more efficient and effective radiation pattern for the antenna of electronic device 1a (e.g., a magnetoelectric dipole antenna).

[0079] Figure 6A top view of an electronic device 6 according to some arrangements of the present disclosure is shown. The electronic device 6 includes electronic devices 4c (with four lugs) arranged in an N×N array. In some arrangements, the electronic device 6 may include electronic devices 4c (with four lugs) arranged in a 2×2 array, a 4×4 array, an 8×8 array, or a larger array.

[0080] Figure 7 It is a simulated graph showing the relationship between the sidelobe level and angle of the electronic device 6 arranged according to the present disclosure, where N is 2.

[0081] Based on some arrangements of this disclosure, simulation data demonstrate the peak gain per unit area (dBi / mm²) of an electronic device 4c (with a four-lever design) arranged in a 2×2 array. 2 The value is approximately 1.63 dBi / mm. 2 This is approximately twice the peak gain per unit area of ​​the comparative embodiment using a center patch. Furthermore, the sidelobe level (dB) of the electronic device 4c (with a four-lamp design) arranged in a 2×2 array is approximately 15.7 dB, which is approximately twice the sidelobe level of the comparative embodiment using a center patch. Additionally, the size of the electronic device 6 arranged in a 2×2 array is approximately 2.6 × 2.6 mm. 2 It is smaller than the comparative embodiment using a center patch.

[0082] Unless otherwise specified, spatial descriptions such as “above,” “below,” “up,” “left,” “right,” “lower,” “top,” “bottom,” “vertical,” “horizontal,” “side,” “above,” “below,” “upper,” “above,” and “below” are relative to the orientation shown in the figures. It should be understood that the spatial descriptions used herein are for illustrative purposes only, and embodiments of the structures described herein can be arranged in space in any orientation or manner, provided that the advantages of the embodiments of this disclosure are not compromised by such arrangement.

[0083] As used herein, the terms “approximately,” “generally,” “roughly,” “about,” and “approximately” are used to describe and explain minor variations. When used in conjunction with an event or situation, these terms may refer to examples where the event or situation occurred precisely or very approximately. For example, when used in conjunction with a numerical value, these terms may refer to a range of variation less than or equal to ±10% of the stated value, such as less than or equal to ±5%, less than or equal to ±4%, less than or equal to ±3%, less than or equal to ±2%, less than or equal to ±1%, less than or equal to ±0.5%, less than or equal to ±0.1%, or less than or equal to ±0.05%. For example, if a first value is within a range of variation less than or equal to ±10% of a second value, such as less than or equal to ±5%, less than or equal to ±4%, less than or equal to ±3%, less than or equal to ±2%, less than or equal to ±1%, less than or equal to ±0.5%, less than or equal to ±0.1%, or less than or equal to ±0.05%, then the first value may be considered “generally” the same as or equal to the second value. For example, "roughly" vertical can refer to an angle variation of less than or equal to ±10° relative to 90°, such as less than or equal to ±5°, less than or equal to ±4°, less than or equal to ±3°, less than or equal to ±2°, less than or equal to ±1°, less than or equal to ±0.5°, less than or equal to ±0.1°, or less than or equal to ±0.05°.

[0084] If the displacement between two surfaces is no greater than 5 μm, 2 μm, 1 μm, or 0.5 μm, then the two surfaces can be considered coplanar or substantially coplanar. If the displacement between the highest and lowest points of a surface does not exceed 5 μm, 2 μm, 1 μm, or 0.5 μm, then the surface can be considered substantially flat.

[0085] As used herein, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise, the singular forms “a / an” and “the” may contain a plural or multiple indicators.

[0086] As used herein, the terms “conductive,” “electrically conductive,” and “conductivity” refer to the ability to conduct electric current. Conductive materials are those that offer little or no resistance to the flow of electric current. A unit of measurement for conductivity is Siemens per meter (S / m). Typically, conductive materials have a conductivity greater than approximately 10. 4 S / m, for example, at least 10 5 S / m or at least 10 6 A material with conductivity of S / m. The conductivity of a material can sometimes vary with temperature. Unless otherwise specified, the conductivity of a material is measured at room temperature.

[0087] In addition, quantities, ratios, and other numerical values ​​are sometimes presented in range format in this document. It should be understood that such range format is used for convenience and brevity, and should be flexibly interpreted as including not only the numerical values ​​explicitly specified as the limits of the range, but also all individual numerical values ​​or subranges covered within the range, as if each numerical value and subrange were explicitly specified.

[0088] While this disclosure has been described and illustrated with reference to specific embodiments thereof, such descriptions and illustrations are not limiting. Those skilled in the art will understand that various changes and alternative equivalents may be made without departing from the true spirit and scope of this disclosure as defined by the appended claims. Illustrations may not be drawn to scale. Due to manufacturing processes and tolerances, the process reproduction in this disclosure may differ from actual equipment. Other embodiments may exist that are not specifically described in this disclosure. The description and drawings should be considered illustrative rather than limiting. Modifications may be made to suit particular circumstances, materials, compositions, methods, or processes to the objectives, spirit, and scope of this disclosure. All such modifications are considered to be included within the scope of the appended claims. Although the disclosed methods have been described herein with reference to specific operations performed in a particular order, it should be understood that these operations may be combined, subdivided, or reordered to form equivalent methods without departing from the teachings of this disclosure. Therefore, unless specifically indicated herein, the order and grouping of operations are not limitations of this disclosure.

Claims

1. An electronic device comprising: The first pattern has a first corner and a second corner; as well as A feed element, configured to be electrically coupled to the first pattern, wherein the feed element is closer to the first corner than to the second corner, and The first pattern has a first protrusion adjacent to the first corner.

2. The electronic device of claim 1, wherein the first lug is closer to the first corner than to the second corner.

3. The electronic device of claim 1, wherein the first pattern has a larger rectangular shape, and the first lug has a smaller rectangular shape connected to the larger rectangular shape.

4. The electronic device of claim 1, wherein the first lug has a side that is substantially coplanar with the side of the first pattern.

5. The electronic device of claim 4, wherein the side of the first lug is substantially flat.

6. The electronic device of claim 4, wherein, viewed from a top view, the side of the first lug forms the longest flat side of the first pattern.

7. The electronic device according to claim 1, further comprising: The second pattern, wherein the first protrusion extends toward the second pattern.

8. The electronic device of claim 7, wherein the second pattern has a second tab extending toward the first pattern.

9. The electronic device of claim 7, wherein the first pattern and the second pattern form a first magnetoelectric dipole antenna.

10. The electronic device according to claim 1, further comprising: A conductive layer, which defines a groove, wherein, in a top view, the projection of the first lug overlaps with the projection of the groove.

11. An electronic device comprising: First pattern; as well as The second pattern has a plurality of lugs of uniform width that extend toward the first pattern.

12. The electronic device of claim 11, wherein the plurality of protrusions are substantially equally spaced apart.

13. The electronic device of claim 11, wherein the distance between the first pattern and the third pattern is less than the distance between the first pattern and the second pattern.

14. The electronic device of claim 11, further comprising: A first conductive layer, which defines a groove, wherein the plurality of lugs are suspended above the groove.

15. The electronic device of claim 14, further comprising: A second conductive layer surrounds the first pattern and the second pattern and is configured to provide electromagnetic interference shielding protection.

16. The electronic device of claim 15, wherein the second conductive layer, the first pattern, and the second pattern are disposed above the top surface of the dielectric layer.

17. The electronic device of claim 15, further comprising: A conductive via is connected between the first conductive layer and the second conductive layer.

18. The electronic device of claim 17, further comprising: A feeding element is connected between the first conductive layer and the first pattern.

19. An electronic device comprising: First magnetoelectric dipole antenna; as well as A second magnetoelectric dipole antenna is located adjacent to the first magnetoelectric dipole antenna and has a first pattern and a second pattern. The first pattern has a first lug and a second lug, which are configured to guide a consistent directional current in the second magnetoelectric dipole antenna.

20. The electronic device of claim 19, wherein the first tab includes a first protruding portion extending toward the second pattern, and the second tab includes a second protruding portion extending toward the first pattern.

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