Antenna assembly, glass assembly, and vehicle
By introducing a closed-loop structure into the automotive glass antenna system, the coupling interference problem caused by limited antenna layout space was solved, antenna performance was improved, and coupling effects were reduced.
Patent Information
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Applications(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- FUYAO GLASS IND GROUP CO LTD
- Filing Date
- 2026-04-29
- Publication Date
- 2026-06-05
AI Technical Summary
In automotive glass antenna systems, the limited space for the layout of multiple independent antennas leads to a reduction in the distance between the antennas, resulting in coupling interference and affecting performance.
By introducing a second radiating stub into the first antenna structure to form a closed loop structure, and using the first frequency point operating in the second frequency band of this closed loop structure for coupling excitation, the performance of the second antenna structure is enhanced and coupling interference is reduced.
Without increasing the space required, the gain of the second antenna structure was significantly improved and coupling interference was reduced, ensuring the overall performance of the antenna.
Smart Images
Figure CN122158935A_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] This application relates to the field of antenna technology, and more particularly to an antenna assembly, a glass assembly, and a vehicle. Background Technology
[0002] With the rapid development of the automotive industry, the integration of automotive electronics is also gradually increasing. As the current automotive glass antenna system generally adopts the design scheme of integrating multiple independent antennas on a single glass substrate, the increase in electronic components will reduce the layout space of multiple independent antennas, making the layout space of multiple independent antennas increasingly limited. This will cause the distance between multiple independent antennas operating in different frequency bands to gradually decrease, which will cause coupling between two antennas that are too close together. This coupling will interfere with the operation of the antenna and degrade its performance. Summary of the Invention
[0003] This application provides an antenna assembly, a glass assembly, and a vehicle, which can solve at least some of the above-mentioned technical problems.
[0004] In a first aspect, this application provides an antenna assembly, including: substrate; A first antenna structure and a second antenna structure are disposed on the substrate. The first antenna structure includes a first feed section, a first radiating stub, and a second radiating stub. One end of the first radiating stub is connected to the first feed section, and the second radiating stub is connected to the end of the first radiating stub away from the first feed section. The second radiating stub is spaced apart from and coupled to the second antenna structure, and the second radiating stub itself forms at least one closed loop structure. The first antenna structure is configured to operate in a first frequency band, and the second antenna structure is configured to operate in at least a second frequency band; wherein, when the second antenna structure operates in the second frequency band, the at least one closed loop structure is coupled and excited to operate at a first frequency point, the first frequency point being located within the second frequency band, and the first frequency band being lower than the second frequency band.
[0005] In some possible embodiments of the first aspect, the perimeter of the closed loop structure satisfies a first relation, wherein the first relation is: Where k is a correction coefficient, with a value ranging from 0.1 to 0.3, c is the speed of light, and f is the first frequency point located in the second frequency band. is the dielectric constant of the surrounding environment of the first antenna structure; Wherein, the perimeter of the closed loop structure is less than or equal to 0.2. 0, 0 represents the wavelength in free space.
[0006] In some possible embodiments of the first aspect, the dielectric constant of the substrate ranges from 3.8 to 8.2, and / or, The range is 4-5.
[0007] In some possible embodiments of the first aspect, the shortest distance between the closed-loop structure and the second antenna structure satisfies a preset condition, wherein the preset condition is D≤ D is the shortest distance between the closed-loop structure and the second antenna structure. The wavelength corresponding to the first frequency point located in the second frequency band. denoted as , where is the dielectric constant of the surrounding environment of the first antenna structure.
[0008] In some possible embodiments of the first aspect, the shortest distance between the closed loop structure and the second antenna structure is less than or equal to 50 mm.
[0009] In some possible embodiments of the first aspect, the center frequency of the second frequency band is greater than or equal to ten times the center frequency of the first frequency band.
[0010] In some possible embodiments of the first aspect, there are multiple closed loop structures, all of which are coupled to the second antenna structure, and at least two of the multiple closed loop structures have at least partially overlapping sides.
[0011] In some possible embodiments of the first aspect, the first antenna structure further includes a third radiating stub, one end of which is connected to the end of the second radiating stub away from the first radiating stub, such that the second radiating stub is connected between the first radiating stub and the third radiating stub.
[0012] In some possible embodiments of the first aspect, the first radiating branch and the third radiating branch are located on the same side of the second radiating branch, or on opposite sides of the second radiating branch.
[0013] In some possible embodiments of the first aspect, when the first radiating stub and the third radiating stub are located on the same side of the second radiating stub, the first radiating stub, the second radiating stub, and the third radiating stub form a semi-enclosed space, and at least a portion of the second antenna structure is located in the semi-enclosed space.
[0014] In some possible embodiments of the first aspect, the first antenna structure further includes a fourth radiating stub and a fifth radiating stub, the fourth radiating stub being connected between the third radiating stub and the fifth radiating stub, and the fourth radiating stub itself forming at least one closed loop structure, the at least one closed loop structure formed by the fourth radiating stub being configured to operate at a second frequency point, the second frequency point being located within the second frequency band.
[0015] Secondly, this application provides a glass assembly, comprising: As described above, the substrate of the antenna assembly is glass.
[0016] In some possible embodiments of the second aspect, the substrate is laminated glass, and the first antenna structure and the second antenna structure are disposed within the substrate, or the first antenna structure and the second antenna structure are disposed on the outer surface of the substrate.
[0017] Thirdly, this application provides a vehicle, including: The vehicle body and the glass assembly as described above, the glass assembly being disposed on the vehicle body.
[0018] This application provides an antenna assembly, a glass assembly, and a vehicle. By forming at least one closed-loop structure through a second radiating stub in the first antenna structure, this application enhances the performance of the second antenna structure within a limited layout space, while minimizing impact on the performance of the first antenna structure and with almost no additional footprint. Furthermore, it significantly reduces coupling interference between the first and second antenna structures by decreasing the reflection coefficient during the coupling process, thereby further ensuring the performance of the second antenna structure. Attached Figure Description
[0019] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of this application or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of this application. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.
[0020] Figure 1 This is an overall schematic diagram of the antenna assembly in the first embodiment of this application; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the antenna assembly as a comparative example of the first embodiment of this application; Figure 3 This is a comparative measured graph of the gain in one embodiment of this application; Figure 4Comparative measurements of the reflection coefficient in one embodiment of this application; Figure 5 This is an overall schematic diagram of the antenna assembly in the second embodiment of this application; Figure 6 This is an overall schematic diagram of the antenna assembly in the third embodiment of this application; Figure 7 This is an overall schematic diagram of the antenna assembly in the fourth embodiment of this application; Figure 8 This is an overall schematic diagram of the antenna assembly in the fifth embodiment of this application; Figure 9 This is an overall schematic diagram of the antenna assembly in the sixth embodiment of this application; Figure 10 This is an overall schematic diagram of the antenna assembly in the seventh embodiment of this application; Figure 11 This is an overall schematic diagram of the antenna assembly in the eighth embodiment of this application; Figure 12 This is an overall schematic diagram of the antenna assembly in the ninth embodiment of this application; Figure 13 This is an overall schematic diagram of the antenna assembly in the tenth embodiment of this application; Figure 14 This is a schematic block diagram of a glass assembly in one embodiment of this application; Figure 15 This is a schematic block diagram of a vehicle in one embodiment of this application.
[0021] Icon labels: Antenna assembly - 100; Substrate - 1; First antenna structure - 2; First feed section - 21; First radiating stub - 22; Second radiating stub - 23; Third radiating stub - 24; Closed loop structure - 25; First closed loop structure - 251; Second closed loop structure - 252; Semi-enclosed space - 26; Fourth radiating stub - 27; Fifth radiating stub - 28; Second antenna structure - 3; Second feed section - 31; Sixth radiating stub - 32; Seventh radiating stub - 33; Eighth radiating stub - 34; Ninth radiating stub - 35; Tenth radiating stub - 36; Glass assembly - 200; Vehicle - 300; Body - 400. Detailed Implementation
[0022] The technical solutions of the embodiments of this application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of this application, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of this application, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of this application.
[0023] In the description of the embodiments of this application, it should be understood that the terms "upper," "lower," etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. The term "connection" in this application, unless otherwise specified, primarily refers to a physical structural connection; however, if specified, it may also include direct or indirect connections. The terms "first" and "second" in the specification, claims, and accompanying drawings of this application are used to distinguish different objects, not to describe a specific order. Furthermore, the term "comprising" and any variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion.
[0024] Please see Figure 1 , Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the antenna assembly 100 in the first embodiment of this application. The antenna assembly 100 includes a substrate 1, a first antenna structure 2, and a second antenna structure 3, which are disposed on the substrate 1. The first antenna structure 2 includes a first feed section 21, a first radiating branch 22, and a second radiating branch 23. One end of the first radiating branch 22 is connected to the first feed section 21, and the second radiating branch 23 is connected to the end of the first radiating branch 22 away from the first feed section 21. The second radiating branch 23 is spaced apart from and coupled to the second antenna structure 3, and the second radiating branch 23 itself forms at least one closed loop structure 25. The first antenna structure 2 is configured to operate in a first frequency band, and the second antenna structure 3 is configured to operate in at least a second frequency band. When the second antenna structure 3 operates in the second frequency band, the at least one closed loop structure 25 is coupled and excited to operate at a first frequency point, which is located within the second frequency band and is lower than the second frequency band.
[0025] The closed loop structure 25 is a closed loop structure with multiple sides connected end to end, and can be square or rectangular in shape.
[0026] Due to the limited layout space on the substrate 1, the distance between the first antenna structure 2 and the second antenna structure 3 is also limited when both are disposed on the substrate 1. This results in coupling between them even though they are disposed at intervals. This coupling effect directly affects the performance of the first antenna structure 2 and the second antenna structure 3. While adjusting the first antenna structure 2 to ensure its performance, it is difficult to take into account the performance of the second antenna structure 3.
[0027] In this application, the second radiating stub 23 in the first antenna structure 2 forms at least one closed loop structure 25. The closed loop structure 25 is also coupled to the second antenna structure 3, provided that the second antenna structure 3 and the second radiating stub 23 are spaced apart and coupled. The closed loop structure 25 and the second antenna structure 3 form a resonant coupling match. Since the closed loop structure 25 operates at a first frequency point located in the second frequency band, the closed loop structure 25 generates a strong electromagnetic response and forms a local high field strength region, which will enhance the radiation efficiency of the second antenna structure 3 at the first frequency point.
[0028] Furthermore, due to the strong local magnetic / electric field generated by the closed-loop structure 25, the current in the second antenna structure 3 will be redistributed, making the current in the second antenna structure 3 more concentrated in the region with high radiation efficiency, thereby improving the gain of the second antenna structure 3. At the same time, the closed-loop structure 25 can adjust the input impedance of the first antenna structure 2, which can reduce the reflection coefficient of the coupling process between the first antenna structure 2 and the second antenna structure 3, indirectly improving the gain of the second antenna structure 3.
[0029] Therefore, by forming at least one closed loop structure 25 through the second radiating stub 23 in the first antenna structure 2, this application can enhance the performance of the second antenna structure 3 within a limited layout space while minimizing the impact on the performance of the first antenna structure 2 and with almost no additional area occupied. Furthermore, by reducing the reflection coefficient of the coupling process, the coupling interference between the first antenna structure 2 and the second antenna structure 3 can be significantly reduced, thereby further ensuring the performance of the second antenna structure 3 and reducing the area of the entire antenna structure.
[0030] The radiating branches in the first antenna structure 2 and the second antenna structure 3 can be printed onto the substrate 1 with silver paste.
[0031] In some embodiments, the first frequency band and the second frequency band are one of the following: TV (Television Broadcasting) band, DAB (Digital Audio Broadcasting) band, FM (Frequency Modulation) band, and AM (Amplitude Modulation) band.
[0032] The DAB band is 174MHz~240MHz, the TV band is 470MHz~710MHz, the FM band is 76MHz~108MHz, and the AM band is 530KHz~1710KHz.
[0033] Based on the above, the first frequency band and the second frequency band can be combinations such as AM band and DAB band, AM band and TV band, AM band and FM band, FM band and DAB band, FM band and TV band, etc.
[0034] In other embodiments, the second frequency band may include multiple different frequency bands. For example, when the first frequency band is an AM band, the second frequency band may include at least two of the DAB band, TV band, and FM band.
[0035] In some embodiments, the center frequency of the second frequency band is greater than or equal to ten times the center frequency of the first frequency band.
[0036] Specifically, when the center frequency of the second frequency band is greater than or equal to ten times the center frequency of the first frequency band, it basically means that the first frequency band is much lower than the second frequency band. If this condition is met, then the first frequency band is a low frequency band and the second frequency band is a high frequency band.
[0037] When the first frequency band is a low frequency band and the second frequency band is a high frequency band, the closed loop structure 25 presents drastically different impedance characteristics to the second antenna structure 3 and the first antenna structure 2: when the closed loop structure 25 operates at the first frequency point, the closed loop structure 25 presents extremely high parallel impedance at the first frequency point, which is equivalent to "disconnecting" the first antenna structure 2 from the shared feed network or electromagnetic environment at the first frequency point, thus significantly reducing the power absorption and electromagnetic interference of the first antenna structure 2 to the second antenna structure 3.
[0038] Since the first frequency band is much lower than the second frequency band, the frequency of the first frequency band is also much lower than the first frequency point. At this time, the closed loop structure 25 is equivalent to a load with a very small reactance value. The impedance change it introduces is negligible relative to the impedance of the first antenna structure 2 itself, and basically does not change the radiation efficiency and impedance matching of the first antenna structure 2 itself.
[0039] Therefore, when the first frequency band is much lower than the second frequency band, the power absorption and electromagnetic interference of the first antenna structure 2 on the second antenna structure 3 can be significantly reduced without affecting the performance of the first antenna structure 2, thereby ensuring the performance of the second antenna structure 3.
[0040] Based on the above, the first frequency band and the second frequency band can be one of the combinations of AM and DAB frequency bands, AM and TV frequency bands, and AM and FM frequency bands, respectively.
[0041] In other embodiments, the first frequency band is an AM band, and the second frequency band includes an FM band and a DAB band; or, the first frequency band is an AM band, and the second frequency band includes an FM band and a TV band; or, the first frequency band is an AM band, and the second frequency band includes an FM band, a DAB band, and a TV band.
[0042] Please see Figure 2 , Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the antenna assembly 100 as a comparative example of the first embodiment of this application. Figure 2 The second radiating branch 23 of the first antenna structure 2 does not form a closed loop structure 25, that is, strong coupling interference will occur between the first antenna structure 2 and the second antenna structure 3.
[0043] Please see Figure 3 , Figure 3 This is a comparative measured graph of the gain in one embodiment of this application. Figure 3 Taking the first frequency band as the AM band and the second frequency band as the FM band as an example, and Figure 3 The solid line A1 represents the gain of the second antenna structure 3 when the second radiating stub 23 forms a closed loop structure 25, while the dashed line A2 represents the gain of the second antenna structure 3 when the second radiating stub 23 does not form a closed loop structure 25. This can be seen from... Figure 3 As can be seen, in the entire FM band, the gain of the second antenna structure 3 (solid line A1) when the second radiating stub 23 forms a closed loop structure 25 is at least 2dB higher than the gain of the second antenna structure 3 (dashed line A2) when the second radiating stub 23 does not form a closed loop structure 25.
[0044] Please see Figure 4 , Figure 4 This is a comparative measurement of the reflection coefficient in one embodiment of this application. Figure 4 Taking the first frequency band as the AM band and the second frequency band as the FM band as an example, and Figure 4 The solid line A1 represents the reflection coefficient when the second radiating branch 23 forms a closed loop structure 25, while the dashed line A2 represents the reflection coefficient when the second radiating branch 23 does not form a closed loop structure 25. This can be seen from... Figure 4As can be seen, across the entire FM band, the reflection coefficient (solid line A1) when the second radiating stub 23 forms a closed loop structure 25 is generally improved compared to the reflection coefficient (dashed line A2) when the second radiating stub 23 does not form a closed loop structure 25. The change in reflection coefficient is most significant at 98MHz – the reflection coefficient (solid line A1) when the second radiating stub 23 forms a closed loop structure 25 is reduced by approximately 4dB compared to the reflection coefficient (dashed line A2) when the second radiating stub 23 does not form a closed loop structure 25.
[0045] In summary, the above experimental results confirm that the second radiating stub 23 forming a closed loop structure 25, compared to the second radiating stub 23 not forming a closed loop structure 25, will give the second antenna structure 3 better performance and reduce the reflection coefficient, which will reduce coupling interference, thereby further ensuring the performance of the second antenna structure 3.
[0046] Please see Figure 5 , Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the antenna assembly 100 in the second embodiment of this application. The first antenna structure 2 further includes a third radiating branch 24, one end of which is connected to the end of the second radiating branch 23 away from the first radiating branch 22, so that the second radiating branch 23 is connected between the first radiating branch 22 and the third radiating branch 24.
[0047] Thus, by setting the third radiating stub 24, the gain performance of the first antenna structure 2 is effectively improved, and the operating bandwidth of the first antenna structure 2 is also widened.
[0048] Please see Figure 6 and Figure 7 , Figure 6 This is an overall schematic diagram of the antenna assembly 100 in the third embodiment of this application. Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the antenna assembly 100 in the fourth embodiment of this application. In some embodiments, such as... Figure 5 , Figure 6 and Figure 7 As shown, the first radial branch 22 and the third radial branch 24 are located on the same side of the second radial branch 23, or on opposite sides of the second radial branch 23.
[0049] Therefore, the relative positions of the first radiating stub 22 and the second radiating stub 23 can be adjusted as needed, making the layout of the first antenna structure 2 selective. Furthermore, by appropriately adjusting the layout of the first antenna structure 2 as needed, the first antenna structure 2 can be miniaturized to adapt to limited layout space under certain circumstances.
[0050] In some embodiments, such as Figure 5 As shown, when the first radiating stub 22 and the third radiating stub 24 are located on the same side of the second radiating stub 23, the first radiating stub 22, the second radiating stub 23 and the third radiating stub 24 form a semi-enclosed space 26, and at least a portion of the second antenna structure 3 is located in the semi-enclosed space 26.
[0051] Thus, the first radiating branch 22, the second radiating branch 23, and the third radiating branch 24 form a semi-enclosed space 26, in which at least a portion of the second antenna structure 3 is located. This further reduces the area occupied by the first antenna structure 2 and the second antenna structure 3, which is beneficial for mounting other components on the substrate 1 and improving the utilization rate of the substrate 1.
[0052] Specifically, when the second antenna structure 3 is working, it will induce a fundamental mode or higher-order mode current signal on the first antenna structure 2. The higher-order mode current signal on the first antenna structure 2 is usually distributed in multiple segments with each adjacent segment having opposite directions. If the first radiating branch 22 and the third radiating branch 24 are located on the same side of the second radiating branch 23, and the first radiating branch 22, the second radiating branch 23, and the third radiating branch 24 form a semi-enclosing space 26, the direction of the current on the first radiating branch 22 and the third radiating branch 24 will be adjusted to be the same. Due to the technical principle of the superposition of current energy in the same direction, the radiation performance of the second antenna structure 3 can be further enhanced, thus ensuring the performance of the second antenna structure 3 again.
[0053] like Figure 1 and Figure 5 As shown, the second antenna structure 3 includes a second feed section 31, a sixth radiating stub 32, a seventh radiating stub 33, an eighth radiating stub 34, a ninth radiating stub 35, and a tenth radiating stub 36. One end of the sixth radiating stub 32 is connected to the second feed section 31. One end of the seventh radiating stub 33 is connected to the other end of the sixth radiating stub 32, and the seventh radiating stub 33 and the sixth radiating stub 32 are perpendicularly connected. The eighth radiating stub 34 is perpendicularly connected to the sixth radiating stub 32, and the eighth radiating stub 34 and the seventh radiating stub 33 extend in the same direction. The ninth radiating stub 35 is perpendicularly connected to the eighth radiating stub 34, and the ninth radiating stub 35 and the sixth radiating stub 32 extend in the same direction. The tenth radiating stub 36 is perpendicularly connected to the ninth radiating stub 35, and the tenth radiating stub 36 and the eighth radiating stub 34 extend in opposite directions.
[0054] Please see Figure 8 , Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the antenna assembly 100 in the fifth embodiment of this application. Due to the change in the layout of the second antenna structure 3, the layout of the first antenna structure 2 has also been changed. The second antenna structure 3 only includes the sixth radiating branch 32, and the sixth radiating branch 32 is straight. Therefore, this arrangement does not require the second antenna structure 3 to be surrounded, thereby further reducing the size of the first antenna structure 2.
[0055] The layout of the second antenna structure 3 can be set as needed and is not fixed to the above situation. Meanwhile, the layout of the first antenna structure 2 can be set in accordance with the layout of the second antenna structure 3.
[0056] Please see Figure 9 , Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the antenna assembly 100 in the sixth embodiment of this application. In some embodiments, the first antenna structure 2 further includes a fourth radiating stub 27 and a fifth radiating stub 28. The fourth radiating stub 27 is connected between the third radiating stub 24 and the fifth radiating stub 28, and the fourth radiating stub 27 itself forms at least one closed loop structure 25. The at least one closed loop structure 25 formed by the fourth radiating stub 27 is configured to operate at a second frequency point, which is located within the second frequency band.
[0057] Wherein, at least one closed loop structure 25 formed by the fourth radiating stub 27 is coupled to the second antenna structure 3, and the at least one closed loop structure 25 formed by the fourth radiating stub 27 is coupled and excited to work at the second frequency point when the second antenna structure 3 is working in the second frequency band.
[0058] Therefore, the number of closed loop structures 25 can be increased as needed. If the first frequency point and the second frequency point are the same, the radiation efficiency of the second antenna structure 3 at the first frequency point can be increased more significantly, thus improving the performance of the second antenna structure 3. If the first frequency point and the second frequency point are different, the radiation efficiency of the second antenna structure 3 at both the first and second frequency points can be increased, thus also improving the performance of the second antenna structure 3.
[0059] Please see Figures 10-12 , Figure 10 This is an overall schematic diagram of the antenna assembly 100 in the seventh embodiment of this application. Figure 11 This is an overall schematic diagram of the antenna assembly 100 in the eighth embodiment of this application. Figure 12This is a schematic diagram of the antenna assembly 100 in the ninth embodiment of this application. In some embodiments, there are multiple closed loop structures 25, and all of the multiple closed loop structures 25 are coupled to the second antenna structure 3. At least two of the multiple closed loop structures 25 have at least partially overlapping sides.
[0060] Therefore, by configuring at least two of the multiple closed loop structures 25 as described above, the area of the multiple closed loop structures 25 can be reduced while increasing the number of closed loop structures 25 to improve the performance of the second antenna structure 3. This allows the first antenna structure 2 to be miniaturized and adapted to limited arrangement space.
[0061] like Figure 10 As shown, the at least one closed loop structure 25 includes a first closed loop structure 251 and a second closed loop structure 252. The first closed loop structure 251 and the second closed loop structure 252 have the same side, and the two endpoints of the first closed loop structure 251 and the second closed loop structure 252 are coincident. The first closed loop structure 251 and the second closed loop structure 252 have two completely overlapping sides. Thus, the first radiating branch 22 is connected to one end of the closed loop structure 25, and the third radiating branch 24 is connected to the other end of the closed loop structure 25.
[0062] like Figure 11 As shown, the at least one closed loop structure 25 includes a first closed loop structure 251 and a second closed loop structure 252. The first closed loop structure 251 and the second closed loop structure 252 are partially staggered based on an intersecting edge, and the two endpoints of the first closed loop structure 251 and the second closed loop structure 252 do not coincide. The first closed loop structure 251 and the second closed loop structure 252 have two partially overlapping edges. Thus, the first radiating branch 22 is connected to the end of the first closed loop structure 251 away from the second closed loop structure 252, and the third radiating branch 24 is connected to the end of the second closed loop structure 252 away from the first closed loop structure 251.
[0063] like Figure 12As shown, the at least one closed loop structure 25 includes a first closed loop structure 251 and a second closed loop structure 252. The first closed loop structure 251 surrounds the second closed loop structure 252, and a portion of one side of the first closed loop structure 251 and one side of the second closed loop structure 252 completely coincide. However, the two endpoints of the first closed loop structure 251 and the second closed loop structure 252 do not coincide. Thus, the first radiating branch 22 is connected to one end of the first closed loop structure 251, and the third radiating branch 24 is connected to the other end of the first closed loop structure 251.
[0064] In other embodiments, the at least one closed loop structure 25 includes a first closed loop structure 251 and a second closed loop structure 252, which are staggered based on an intersecting edge, and one of the two endpoints of the first closed loop structure 251 and the second closed loop structure 252 coincides. Thus, the first radiating branch 22 is connected to the end of the first closed loop structure 251 away from the second closed loop structure 252, and the third radiating branch 24 is connected to the end of the second closed loop structure 252 away from the first closed loop structure 251.
[0065] The layout of the multiple closed loop structures 25 mentioned above is mainly based on the closed loop structure 25 formed by the second radiating branch 23. The layout of the multiple closed loop structures 25 formed by the fourth radiating branch 27 is similar to the above layout.
[0066] Based on the above, it can be seen that the purpose of setting up multiple closed loop structures 25 is to generate multiple resonant peaks, thereby widening the operating frequency band of the second antenna structure 3.
[0067] In some embodiments, the perimeter of the closed loop structure 25 satisfies a first relation, wherein the first relation is: Where k is a correction coefficient, with a value ranging from 0.1 to 0.3, c is the speed of light, and f is the first frequency point located in the second frequency band. Let be the dielectric constant of the surrounding environment of the first antenna structure 2; wherein the perimeter of the closed loop structure 25 is less than or equal to 0.2. 0, 0 represents the wavelength in free space.
[0068] Therefore, limiting the perimeter of the closed loop structure 25 allows it to resonate better at the first frequency point, which in turn enhances the performance of the second antenna structure 3 within a limited layout space. Furthermore, it significantly reduces the coupling interference between the first antenna structure 2 and the second antenna structure 3, thereby further ensuring the performance of the second antenna structure 3.
[0069] The perimeter of the closed loop structure 25 is... Figure 1 The total length of the four sides in the structure, when the fourth radiating branch 27 forms a closed loop structure 25, the perimeter of the closed loop structure 25 formed by the fourth radiating branch 27 must also satisfy the first relationship, at which time, f is the second frequency point.
[0070] When the number of closed loop structures 25 formed by the second radiating branch 23 is multiple, the first frequency point at which the multiple closed loop structures 25 operate can be different. When the number of closed loop structures 25 formed by the fourth radiating branch 27 is multiple, the second frequency point at which the multiple closed loop structures 25 operate can also be different.
[0071] In some embodiments, when the substrate 1 is glass, the high dielectric constant of glass significantly increases the distributed capacitance of the closed loop structure 25. Therefore, in order to maintain operation at the first frequency (and the second frequency), the physical size of the closed loop structure 25 needs to be significantly reduced. Thus, the value of k needs to be less than or equal to 0.3 to meet the requirement of significantly reducing the physical size of the closed loop structure 25 and enabling the closed loop structure 25 to operate at the first frequency (and the second frequency).
[0072] Furthermore, the value of k should not be too small. When the value of k is greater than 0.1, it can be ensured that the closed loop structure 25 is not too small, which ensures that the closed loop structure 25 has sufficient electromagnetic coupling strength and feasible manufacturing process, and avoids the surge in conductor loss and deterioration of tuning effect of the closed loop structure 25 due to excessive size.
[0073] In some embodiments, the dielectric constant of the substrate 1 ranges from 3.8 to 8.2, and / or, The range is 4-5.
[0074] Thus, the range of dielectric constant of the substrate 1 is limited and / or The range can better limit the perimeter of the closed loop structure 25, so that it can resonate better at the first frequency point.
[0075] In some embodiments, the shortest distance between the closed loop structure 25 and the second antenna structure 3 satisfies a preset condition, wherein the preset condition is D≤ D is the shortest distance between the closed loop structure 25 and the second antenna structure 3. The wavelength corresponding to the first frequency point located in the second frequency band. denoted as the dielectric constant of the surrounding environment of the first antenna structure 2.
[0076] Specifically, when the fourth radiating stub 27 forms a closed loop structure 25, the shortest distance between the closed loop structure 25 formed by the fourth radiating stub 27 and the second antenna structure 3 must also meet the preset condition. The wavelength is the wavelength corresponding to the second frequency point located in the second frequency band.
[0077] Therefore, by ensuring that the shortest distance between the closed loop structure 25 and the second antenna structure 3 meets the preset conditions, the resonant coupling matching effect between the closed loop structure 25 and the second antenna structure 3 is ensured, thus guaranteeing the performance of the second antenna structure 3.
[0078] When there are multiple closed loop structures 25, as long as the shortest distance between each closed loop structure 25 and the second antenna structure 3 meets the preset conditions, the layout of the multiple closed loop structures 25 is the same and can be arranged as needed.
[0079] However, due to the increase in the number of closed loop structures 25, there is also a mutual coupling effect between the two closed loop structures 25, which will weaken the resonant current intensity of the closed loop structure 25 at the first frequency point (and the second frequency point) to a certain extent. Therefore, in practical applications, the number of closed loop structures 25 in the first antenna structure 2 is only 1-2.
[0080] In some embodiments, the shortest distance between the closed loop structure 25 and the second antenna structure 3 is less than or equal to 50 mm.
[0081] Therefore, by ensuring that the shortest distance between the closed loop structure 25 and the second antenna structure 3 meets the preset conditions, the resonant coupling matching effect between the closed loop structure 25 and the second antenna structure 3 is ensured, further guaranteeing the performance of the second antenna structure 3.
[0082] Please see Figure 13 , Figure 13 This is a schematic diagram of the antenna assembly 100 according to the tenth embodiment of this application. In some embodiments, the third radiating stub 24 may also be disposed on the adjacent side of the closed loop structure 25 connected to the first radiating stub 22.
[0083] Please see Figure 14 , Figure 14This is a schematic block diagram of a glass assembly 200 according to an embodiment of this application. The glass assembly 200 includes the antenna component 100 as described above, and the substrate 1 is glass.
[0084] Therefore, this application forms at least one closed loop structure 25 through the second radiating stub 23 in the first antenna structure 2, which can enhance the performance of the second antenna structure 3 within a limited layout space while minimizing the impact on the performance of the first antenna structure 2 and with almost no additional area occupied. Furthermore, it can significantly reduce the coupling interference between the first antenna structure 2 and the second antenna structure 3 by reducing the reflection coefficient of the coupling process, thereby further ensuring the performance of the second antenna structure 3.
[0085] In some embodiments, the substrate 1 is laminated glass, and the first antenna structure 2 and the second antenna structure 3 are disposed within the substrate 1, or the first antenna structure 2 and the second antenna structure 3 are disposed on the outer surface of the substrate 1.
[0086] Therefore, the first antenna structure 2 and the second antenna structure 3 can be set at different positions as needed, making the positions of the first antenna structure 2 and the second antenna structure 3 selectable. Furthermore, setting the first antenna structure 2 and the second antenna structure 3 within the substrate 1 can protect the first antenna structure 2 and the second antenna structure 3 from damage by the external environment.
[0087] When the substrate 1 is laminated glass, the substrate 1 includes a first glass, a second glass, and an adhesive layer stacked together. The first glass includes a first surface and a second surface opposite each other, and the second glass includes a third surface and a fourth surface opposite each other. The second surface of the first glass and the third surface of the second glass are connected by the adhesive layer. The first antenna structure 2 and the second antenna structure 3 are located between the adhesive layer and the second surface, or the first antenna structure 2 and the second antenna structure 3 are located between the adhesive layer and the third surface, or the first antenna structure 2 and the second antenna structure 3 are located within the adhesive layer.
[0088] In other embodiments, the first antenna structure 2 and the second antenna structure 3 may also be disposed on different layers of the substrate 1. For example, when the substrate 1 is laminated glass, the first antenna structure 2 may be located between the adhesive layer and the second surface, and the second antenna structure 3 may be located between the adhesive layer and the third surface; or, the second antenna structure 3 may be located between the adhesive layer and the second surface, and the first antenna structure 2 may be located between the adhesive layer and the third surface; or, the first antenna structure 2 may be located within the adhesive layer, and the second antenna structure 3 may be located between the adhesive layer and the second surface; or, the second antenna structure 3 may be located within the adhesive layer, and the first antenna structure 2 may be located between the adhesive layer and the second surface, etc. There are no limitations here, and the arrangement can be made according to actual needs.
[0089] like Figure 1 As shown, when the substrate 1 is a single-layer glass, the dielectric constant of the single-layer glass itself is approximately 7.1.
[0090] When the first antenna structure 2 and the second antenna structure 3 are disposed on the surface of the substrate 1, one side of the first antenna structure 2 and the second antenna structure 3 contacts the glass, and the other side contacts the air. It is approximately 4.4.
[0091] In other embodiments, the dielectric constant of the substrate 1 itself may also be 4, 4.5, 5, 6, etc. It can also be 4, 4.2, 4.5, 4.7, 4.9, 5, etc.
[0092] When the first frequency band is the AM band and the second frequency band is the FM band, the perimeter P of the closed loop structure 25 is set to approximately 420mm, satisfying the condition P < 0.2λ0 (λ0 is the free space wavelength). At this time, the closed loop structure 25 operates in the small-loop working mode, and the first frequency point can cover a frequency range of approximately 76MHz-100MHz depending on the value of k.
[0093] When the substrate 1 is laminated glass, the different positions of the first antenna structure 2 and the second antenna structure 3, as well as the different dielectric constants of the laminated glass, will affect the final result. It is also subject to change.
[0094] Please see Figure 15 , Figure 15 This is a schematic block diagram of a vehicle 300 according to one embodiment of this application. The vehicle 300 includes a body 400 and a glass assembly 200 as described above, the glass assembly 200 being disposed on the body 400. The glass in the glass assembly 200 may be the vehicle's rear windshield, front windshield, side windows, and sunroof.
[0095] Therefore, this application forms at least one closed loop structure 25 through the second radiating stub 23 in the first antenna structure 2, which can enhance the performance of the second antenna structure 3 within a limited layout space while minimizing the impact on the performance of the first antenna structure 2 and with almost no additional area occupied. Furthermore, it can significantly reduce the coupling interference between the first antenna structure 2 and the second antenna structure 3 by reducing the reflection coefficient of the coupling process, thereby further ensuring the performance of the second antenna structure 3.
[0096] The above description is merely a specific embodiment of this application, but the scope of protection of this application is not limited thereto. Any variations or substitutions that can be easily conceived by those skilled in the art within the scope of the technology disclosed in this application should be included within the scope of protection of this application. Where there is no conflict, the embodiments and features in the embodiments of this application can be combined with each other. Therefore, the scope of protection of this application should be determined by the scope of the claims.
Claims
1. An antenna assembly, characterized in that, include: substrate; A first antenna structure and a second antenna structure are disposed on the substrate. The first antenna structure includes a first feed section, a first radiating stub, and a second radiating stub. One end of the first radiating stub is connected to the first feed section, and the second radiating stub is connected to the end of the first radiating stub away from the first feed section. The second radiating stub is spaced apart from and coupled to the second antenna structure, and the second radiating stub itself forms at least one closed loop structure. The first antenna structure is configured to operate in a first frequency band, and the second antenna structure is configured to operate in at least a second frequency band; wherein, when the second antenna structure operates in the second frequency band, the at least one closed loop structure is coupled and excited to operate at a first frequency point, the first frequency point being located within the second frequency band, and the first frequency band being lower than the second frequency band.
2. The antenna assembly according to claim 1, characterized in that, The perimeter of the closed loop structure satisfies a first relationship, wherein the first relationship is: Where k is a correction coefficient, with a value ranging from 0.1 to 0.3, c is the speed of light, and f is the first frequency point located in the second frequency band. is the dielectric constant of the surrounding environment of the first antenna structure; Wherein, the perimeter of the closed loop structure is less than or equal to 0.
2. 0, 0 represents the wavelength in free space.
3. The antenna assembly according to claim 2, characterized in that, The dielectric constant of the substrate is in the range of 3.8-8.2, and / or, The range is 4-5.
4. The antenna assembly according to claim 1, characterized in that, The shortest distance between the closed-loop structure and the second antenna structure satisfies a preset condition, which is D≤ D is the shortest distance between the closed-loop structure and the second antenna structure. The wavelength corresponding to the first frequency point located in the second frequency band. denoted as , where is the dielectric constant of the surrounding environment of the first antenna structure.
5. The antenna assembly according to claim 4, characterized in that, The shortest distance between the closed loop structure and the second antenna structure is less than or equal to 50 mm.
6. The antenna assembly according to claim 1, characterized in that, The center frequency of the second frequency band is greater than or equal to ten times the center frequency of the first frequency band.
7. The antenna assembly according to claim 1, characterized in that, The number of closed loop structures is multiple, and all of the multiple closed loop structures are coupled to the second antenna structure. At least two of the multiple closed loop structures have at least partially overlapping sides.
8. The antenna assembly according to claim 1, wherein the first antenna structure further comprises a third radiating stub, one end of the third radiating stub being connected to the end of the second radiating stub away from the first radiating stub, so that the second radiating stub is connected between the first radiating stub and the third radiating stub.
9. The antenna assembly according to claim 8, characterized in that, The first radiating branch and the third radiating branch are located on the same side of the second radiating branch, or on opposite sides of the second radiating branch.
10. The antenna assembly according to claim 9, characterized in that, When the first radiating stub and the third radiating stub are located on the same side of the second radiating stub, the first radiating stub, the second radiating stub, and the third radiating stub form a semi-enclosed space, and at least a portion of the second antenna structure is located in the semi-enclosed space.
11. The antenna assembly according to claim 8, characterized in that, The first antenna structure further includes a fourth radiating stub and a fifth radiating stub. The fourth radiating stub is connected between the third radiating stub and the fifth radiating stub, and the fourth radiating stub itself forms at least one closed loop structure. The at least one closed loop structure formed by the fourth radiating stub is configured to operate at a second frequency point, which is located within the second frequency band.
12. A glass assembly, characterized in that, include: The antenna assembly according to any one of claims 1-11, wherein the substrate is glass.
13. The glass assembly according to claim 12, characterized in that, The substrate is laminated glass, and the first antenna structure and the second antenna structure are disposed inside the substrate, or the first antenna structure and the second antenna structure are disposed on the outer surface of the substrate.
14. A vehicle, characterized in that, include: The vehicle body and the glass assembly as described in any one of claims 12-13, the glass assembly being disposed on the vehicle body.