Hollow polyhedral internal reflection light collecting cavity and photovoltaic combination array

Abstract

The application provides a hollow polyhedral inner reflection light collecting cavity and photovoltaic combination array, which comprises a hollow polyhedral inner reflection light collecting cavity and a photovoltaic panel. The light collecting cavity is enclosed by a pair of polyhedral inner reflection mirrors symmetrically arranged on the east and west sides and plane reflection mirrors arranged on the south and north end faces, and the cross-sectional width of the light collecting cavity decreases from the central axis to the south and north end face directions. The south and north sides of the polyhedral inner reflection mirror are symmetrical along the central axis, and the inclination angle decreases from top to bottom. The top surface of the light collecting cavity is a light receiving surface, and the photovoltaic panel is installed on both sides of the light receiving surface to form a light collecting cavity and photovoltaic combination unit; a plurality of light collecting cavity and photovoltaic combination units are sequentially arranged and combined into one to form a light collecting cavity and photovoltaic combination array. The application constructs a new light field with a smaller light beam exit angle variation range in the space area below the light collecting cavity, and provides a simple and easy-to-implement optical technology new way for the development and progress of the free tracking light collection technology.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the fields of optics and optical energy technology, specifically to a hollow multifaceted internal reflection light-collecting cavity and photovoltaic combined array. Background Technology

[0002] Utilizing concentrated light technology to increase the energy flux density of sunlight is a key development direction in solar energy applications such as light-guiding lighting, concentrated power generation, and thermal energy storage. Developing tracking-free concentrated light technology is the direction that people are pursuing to achieve economical, efficient, safe, and convenient utilization of solar resources.

[0003] Because the sun's trajectory toward the Earth is constantly changing, its altitude and azimuth angles are constantly shifting, causing the direction of sunlight incident on the Earth to change continuously. This large range of incident angle variations makes it difficult to effectively concentrate the light without tracking technology. Therefore, existing solar concentrating technologies, such as tower, trough, dish, and linear Fresnel concentrators, generally adopt a combination of catadioptric optical systems and solar tracking systems. Although solar tracking technology and related trackers have made great progress in recent years, they still have prominent problems such as relatively bulky and complex structures, demanding installation conditions, high failure rates, high maintenance costs, and poor economic efficiency, which make it difficult for existing solar concentrating technologies to be widely applied and promoted.

[0004] By utilizing modern optical technology to alter the propagation direction and path of constantly changing incident light, the range of the incident angle of the spatial beam can be effectively changed. This allows for the construction of a new light field within a certain area with a relatively small range of the exit angle of the spatial beam, thus promoting the development and advancement of non-tracking focusing technology. This is a new method and approach to solving the aforementioned problems. Summary of the Invention

[0005] To address the aforementioned problems in existing solar concentrating technologies, the present invention aims to provide a hollow polyhedral reflective light-collecting cavity and photovoltaic array. This array, by altering the propagation direction and path of a spatial beam with a large range of incident angle variations, achieves a smaller range of exit angle variation for the spatial beam located below the light-collecting cavity. A flat Fresnel lens installed below the light-collecting cavity, constructed using this invention, enables tracking-free and highly efficient light concentration. Multiple light-collecting cavities and photovoltaic panels are sequentially arranged and combined at the top of the light-collecting cavity to form a combined array, achieving integrated light collection and photovoltaic power generation, thereby improving overall light energy utilization efficiency.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is as follows: A hollow polyhedral internal reflective light-collecting cavity and photovoltaic combined array includes a hollow polyhedral internal reflective light-collecting cavity and photovoltaic panels. The light-collecting cavity is formed by a pair of polyhedral internal reflectors symmetrically arranged on the east and west sides, and planar reflectors arranged on the south and north ends. The cross-sectional width of the light-collecting cavity decreases from the central axis to the north and south ends. The reflection structure of the polyhedral internal reflectors is symmetrical along the central axis on the north and south sides and is arranged with a decreasing angle from top to bottom. It can change the propagation direction and path of incident light, transforming large-angle incident light into small-angle outgoing light. The top surface of the light-collecting cavity is the light receiving surface, the inner surface is the light reflecting surface, and the bottom surface is the light emitting surface. Photovoltaic panels are installed on both sides of the light receiving surface to form a light-collecting cavity and photovoltaic combined unit. Multiple light-collecting cavities and photovoltaic combined units are arranged and combined into one unit to form a light-collecting cavity and photovoltaic combined array.

[0007] Furthermore, the polyhedral internal reflector is composed of two sections of reflectors with different tilt angles that decrease sequentially. The upper section has a height of h1, the lower section has a height of h2, the upper tilt angle is α1, the lower tilt angle is α2, and the tilt angle in the north-south direction is β, where α1 > α2. A pair of polyhedral internal reflectors symmetrically arranged on the east and west sides, together with the plane reflectors arranged on the south and north end faces, form a hollow polyhedral internal reflective light-collecting cavity with a top area smaller than the bottom area.

[0008] An array of multiple light-collecting cavities and photovoltaic panels arranged in sequence is used to mount photovoltaic panels on top of the light-collecting cavities, either by pasting or sandwiching them onto transparent glass or plastic plates, depending on the requirements of the application scenario. A planar Fresnel concentrator is installed at the bottom of the light-collecting cavities, and the array is combined into a closed, tracking-free concentrating and photovoltaic power generation module array.

[0009] The polyhedral internal reflector is composed of two or more reflectors with different tilt angles from top to bottom, and the tilt angle of each reflector segment decreases sequentially.

[0010] The polyhedral internal reflector is a continuous curved surface reflector whose tilt angle gradually decreases from top to bottom.

[0011] An array of multiple light-collecting cavities and photovoltaic panels arranged in sequence is used to mount photovoltaic panels on top of the light-collecting cavities, either by pasting or sandwiching them onto transparent glass or plastic plates, depending on the requirements of the application scenario. A planar Fresnel concentrator is installed at the bottom of the light-collecting cavities, and the array is combined into a closed, tracking-free concentrating and photovoltaic power generation module array.

[0012] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: 1) This invention, through a unique hollow multifaceted internal reflection light-collecting cavity structure design, enables spatial beams with different incident angles to be reflected by mirrors inside the light-collecting cavity, thereby changing the propagation direction and path of the incident beam. This allows the spatial region located below the light-collecting cavity to construct a new light field with a small range of beam exit angle variation, providing a simple and easy-to-implement new optical technology approach for the development and advancement of non-tracking light-collecting technology.

[0013] 2) The hollow polyhedral internal reflection light-collecting cavity and photovoltaic combination array constructed by the present invention can adopt different reflection light-collecting structures in terms of size, shape and area according to the changes in the application scenario. It can be used alone or multiple units can be combined to form a large array for use, and has a wide range of application scenarios.

[0014] 3) The hollow multifaceted internal reflection light-collecting cavity and photovoltaic array structure of the present invention are simple, and their processing technology and industrial manufacturing technology are mature. The cost is controllable, the economy is good, and it is easy to be applied and promoted. Attached Figure Description

[0015] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of a hollow multifaceted internal reflection light-collecting cavity structure according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention; Figure 2 yes Figure 1 Front view of the south-central end face; Figure 3 yes Figure 2 Top view; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the optical collecting cavity and photovoltaic combined array structure of the present invention; Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of a closed-type light-collecting cavity, a photovoltaic array, and a light-collecting optical path; Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of a reflector structure consisting of three folded reflectors; Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of a reflector structure composed of continuously gradually changing curved surfaces. Detailed Implementation

[0016] The present invention will now be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0017] This application discloses a hollow polyhedral internal reflective light-collecting cavity and photovoltaic array, comprising a hollow polyhedral internal reflective light-collecting cavity and photovoltaic panels. The light-collecting cavity is enclosed by a pair of polyhedral internal reflectors symmetrically arranged on the east and west sides, and planar reflectors arranged on the south and north end faces. The cross-sectional width of the light-collecting cavity decreases from the central axis towards the north and south end faces. The reflective structure of the polyhedral internal reflectors, symmetrically arranged along the central axis on the north and south sides and with decreasing inclination from top to bottom, can change the propagation direction and path of incident light, transforming large-angle incident light into small-angle outgoing light. The top surface of the light-collecting cavity is the light-receiving surface, the inner surface is the light-reflecting surface, and the bottom surface is the light-emitting surface. Photovoltaic panels are installed on both sides of the light-receiving surface to form a light-collecting cavity and photovoltaic array unit. Multiple light-collecting cavity and photovoltaic array units are sequentially arranged and combined into one unit to form a light-collecting cavity and photovoltaic array.

[0018] Example 1, as Figure 1-3 The hollow polyhedral internal reflective light-collecting cavity shown has a set of symmetrical faceted reflectors in the east-west direction. The inner reflector 01 is formed by combining an upper faceted reflector A1C1E1E2C2A2 with a height of h1 and a lower faceted reflector A2C2E2E3C3A3 with a height of h2. The inner reflector 02 is formed by combining an upper faceted reflector B1D1F1F2D2B2 with a height of h1 and a lower faceted reflector B2D2F2F3D3B3 with a height of h2. The two end faceted plane reflectors A1B1B2B3A3A2 and E1F1F2F3E3E2 with a height of (h1+h2) in the south-north direction form plane reflectors 03 and 04. All of the above reflectors are inner surface reflectors. The inner reflector 01, inner reflector 02, plane reflector 03, and plane reflector 04 are combined into one unit to form a hollow multifaceted internal reflective light-collecting cavity. Wherein: the top of the light-collecting cavity, A1B1D1F1E1C1, is a hexagonal light-receiving surface with a length of W, a central width of C1D1=L2, and widths at the north and south ends of A1B1 and E1F1=L1; the bottom of the light-collecting cavity, A3B3D3F3E3C3, is a hexagonal light-emitting surface with a length of W, a central width of C3D3=L4, and widths at the north and south ends of A3B3 and E3F3=L3; the upper and lower folded mirrors with a height of h1 have tilt angles of α1 and α2 in the east-west direction, respectively, and tilt angles of β in the north-south direction, respectively. The tilt angles of the upper and lower folded mirrors are α1>α2. The light-collecting cavity formed by these two mirrors is a hollow polyhedral internal reflection light-collecting cavity with a top area smaller than the bottom area.

[0019] like Figure 4 As shown, photovoltaic panels are installed on both sides of the light receiving surface at the top of the light collecting cavity to form a combined unit of light collecting cavity and photovoltaic panels. Multiple light collecting cavities and multiple photovoltaic panels are arranged and combined in sequence to form a combined array of light collecting cavity and photovoltaic panels. Figure 4 The system uses six photovoltaic panels (PV1-PV6) and two sets of light-collecting cavities (Q1-Q5, Q6-Q5). 10 A total of 10 light-collecting cavities are arranged in sequence to form an array.

[0020] like Figure 5 As shown, a top cover plate 05 is formed by pasting or sandwiching photovoltaic panels onto transparent glass or plastic plates using transparent glass or materials with good weather resistance. This top cover plate is installed on the top of the light-collecting cavity, and a planar Fresnel concentrator 06 is installed at the bottom of the light-collecting cavity. The two are combined into one to form a closed-type non-tracking concentrator and photovoltaic power generation module array. Figure 5 It is a closed-type non-tracking focusing and photovoltaic power generation module array composed of photovoltaic panels PV1-PV6, focusing cavities Q1-Q5, and planar Fresnel lenses F1-F5.

[0021] Figure 5 The Q3 light-collecting cavity showcases a closed-type, tracking-free focusing photovoltaic power generation module array, detailing the light reflection transformation and emission angle in the east-west direction, as well as the trajectory of the emitted light after focusing through the Fresnel lens. In this embodiment, the tilt angle of the upper faceted reflector of the light-collecting cavity in the east-west direction is set to α1=20°, the tilt angle of the lower faceted reflector is set to α2=10°, and the tilt angle in the south-north direction is set to β=10°. Based on the above tilt angles, suitable heights h1 and h2 and structural dimensions of the faceted reflectors are determined. Figure 5 The diagram illustrates how sunlight incident from east to west at angles of 0°±20°, ±40°, and ±80° enters the hollow polyhedron's internal reflection and light-collecting cavity. Small-angle incident light within the 0°-±20° range exits directly after passing through the cavity, while large-angle incident light (≥±20°) is reflected once or twice by mirrors, altering its exit angle. For example, light with exit angles of ±20°, ±40°, and ±80° is transformed to 0°, 0°, and ±20° respectively. Light within the large angle variation range of 0°±80° exits through the hollow polyhedron's internal reflection and light-collecting cavity, with its exit angle constrained to a small angle variation range of approximately 0°±20°. The light beam exits within the enclosure, thus the entire outgoing light field is transformed into light rays with a small angular range of variation. After being focused by an adapted planar Fresnel lens, the focusing range of the Fresnel lens focal plane in the east-west direction is constrained to a small range of ΔL as shown in the figure. Similarly, in the south-north direction, because the range of variation in the angle of sunlight incident is relatively small (approximately 0°±23.5°), by modulating the tilt angle of β=10°, the focused beam of the outgoing beam through the Fresnel lens is also constrained to a small range of variation. Through the bidirectional adjustment of the aforementioned folded reflector in the east-west and south-north directions of the focusing cavity, the purpose of tracking-free focusing is achieved.

[0022] Example 2, as follows Figure 6-7As shown, unlike Embodiment 1, in order to further reduce the variation range of the emitted light angle, the hollow polyhedral internal reflective light collecting cavity has a reflector composed of two or more sections of reflectors with different tilt angles from top to bottom, and the tilt angles gradually decrease, or it is an inner reflector composed of a continuous curved surface with a gradually decreasing tilt angle from top to bottom.

[0023] Specifically, Figure 6 The diagram shows a three-section folded mirror with upper, middle, and lower heights of h1, h2, and h3, respectively, and tilt angles of α1, α2, and α3 in the east-west direction, where α1 > α2 > α3.

[0024] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of a complex surface reflector structure composed of a continuous curved surface whose tilt angle gradually decreases from top to bottom in the east-west direction, where α1 > α2 > α3.

[0025] The above description is only for the structure, embodiments, and applications of the hollow polyhedral internal reflection light-collecting cavity and photovoltaic array constituting the present invention, and is not intended to limit the scope of the present invention. Various modifications and improvements to the technical solutions of the present invention made by those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit of the present invention should fall within the protection scope defined by the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A hollow polyhedral internal reflective light collecting cavity and photovoltaic combination array, characterized in that, The system includes a hollow polyhedral internal reflective light-collecting cavity and photovoltaic panels. The light-collecting cavity is enclosed by a pair of polyhedral internal reflectors symmetrically arranged on the east and west sides, and planar reflectors arranged on the south and north ends. The cross-sectional width of the light-collecting cavity decreases from the central axis towards the north and south ends. The polyhedral internal reflectors have a symmetrical reflective structure along the central axis on the north and south sides, with the angle decreasing from top to bottom. This structure can change the propagation direction and path of incident light, transforming large-angle incident light into small-angle outgoing light. The top surface of the light-collecting cavity is the light-receiving surface, the inner surface is the light-reflecting surface, and the bottom surface is the light-emitting surface. Photovoltaic panels are installed on both sides of the light-receiving surface to form a light-collecting cavity and photovoltaic combination unit. Multiple light-collecting cavities and photovoltaic combination units are arranged and combined into one unit to form a light-collecting cavity and photovoltaic combination array.

2. The hollow polyhedral internal reflection light-collecting cavity and photovoltaic combined array according to claim 1, characterized in that, The polyhedral internal reflector consists of two sections of reflectors with different tilt angles that decrease sequentially. The upper section has a height of h1, the lower section has a height of h2, the upper tilt angle is α1, the lower tilt angle is α2, and the tilt angle in the north-south direction is β, where α1 > α2. A pair of polyhedral internal reflectors symmetrically arranged on the east and west sides, together with the plane reflectors arranged on the south and north end faces, form a hollow polyhedral internal reflective light-collecting cavity with a top area smaller than the bottom area.

3. The hollow polyhedral internal reflection light-collecting cavity and photovoltaic combined array according to claim 2, characterized in that, An array of multiple light-collecting cavities and photovoltaic panels arranged in sequence is used to mount photovoltaic panels on top of the light-collecting cavities, either by pasting or sandwiching them onto transparent glass or plastic plates, depending on the requirements of the application scenario. A planar Fresnel concentrator is installed at the bottom of the light-collecting cavities, and the array is combined into a closed, tracking-free concentrating and photovoltaic power generation module array.

4. The hollow polyhedral internal reflection light-collecting cavity and photovoltaic combined array according to claim 1, characterized in that, The polyhedral internal reflector is composed of two or more reflectors with different tilt angles from top to bottom, and the tilt angle of each reflector segment decreases sequentially.

5. The hollow polyhedral internal reflection light-collecting cavity and photovoltaic combined array according to claim 1, characterized in that, The polyhedral internal reflector is a continuous curved surface reflector whose tilt angle gradually decreases from top to bottom.

6. The hollow polyhedral internal reflection light-collecting cavity and photovoltaic combined array according to any one of claims 4-5, characterized in that, An array of multiple light-collecting cavities and photovoltaic panels arranged in sequence is used to mount photovoltaic panels on top of the light-collecting cavities, either by pasting or sandwiching them onto transparent glass or plastic plates, depending on the requirements of the application scenario. A planar Fresnel concentrator is installed at the bottom of the light-collecting cavities, and the array is combined into a closed, tracking-free concentrating and photovoltaic power generation module array.

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