A multi-source information fusion wireless communication system for an energy station

Abstract

The present application relates to the technical field of industrial wireless communication, and discloses a kind of multi-source information fusion wireless communication systems of energy field station, the system includes energy power subsystem, wireless communication subsystem and multi-source collaborative controller;Multi-source collaborative controller establishes two-way data connection, and the total duration of natural zero vector is calculated based on the real-time working condition of power subsystem, and the minimum atomic time length of communication is determined in combination with communication queue state;When natural zero vector duration is insufficient, controller adjusts switching frequency to expand zero voltage vector action interval, while generating data fragmentation instruction;Controller sends physical layer gate signal through hardware trigger circuit, and forces radio frequency front end to only open emission in zero voltage vector action interval.The present application utilizes variable frequency expansion and physical layer gate cooperation, effectively avoids switching transient electromagnetic interference, while meeting power quality constraints, guarantees the survivability and reliability of communication link.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of industrial wireless communication technology, specifically to a multi-source information fusion wireless communication system for energy power plants. Background Technology

[0002] In energy plants such as photovoltaic power stations, wind power plants, and energy storage power stations, power electronic converters are the core equipment for realizing power conversion and power dispatch. In order to achieve panoramic monitoring and intelligent operation and maintenance within the plant, wireless communication technology, due to its advantages such as flexible deployment and low maintenance costs, is gradually replacing traditional wired communication cables and becoming an important means of connecting various sensors, actuators, and control centers.

[0003] Existing communication solutions for power plants typically treat power electronic systems and wireless communication systems as two separate black boxes, lacking an underlying coordination mechanism. To combat electromagnetic interference, traditional technologies often employ hardware shielding and filtering measures, such as adding metal shielding or filters at the ports. This passive protection not only increases the size, weight, and manufacturing cost of the equipment but also has limited effectiveness in suppressing in-band interference coupled in through the antenna ports. At the communication protocol level, existing industrial wireless protocols mainly rely on carrier sense and automatic repeat request mechanisms at the medium access control layer to ensure data reliability. When the wireless channel is subjected to periodic strong interference caused by converter switching operations, communication nodes often cannot distinguish between interference signals and channel occupancy signals, leading to frequent channel busy misjudgments or packet demodulation failures.

[0004] Lacking prior knowledge of the characteristics of interference sources, traditional communication protocols can only perform random backoff and retransmission after data transmission failure. Under the high-frequency switching conditions of power electronic converters, this blind retransmission mechanism is highly susceptible to colliding with interference pulses again, leading to an uncontrollable increase in network latency and a sharp drop in communication throughput, making it difficult to meet the stringent requirements of energy plants for real-time and deterministic control commands. Furthermore, employing complex software error correction algorithms solely to avoid interference increases the power consumption of the baseband processor, which is detrimental to the long-term operation of low-power sensing nodes. Summary of the Invention

[0005] To address the shortcomings of existing technologies, this invention provides a multi-source information fusion wireless communication system for energy power plants, which solves the problem of wireless communication blockage caused by electromagnetic interference generated by the high-frequency switching action of power electronic converters in energy power plants, as well as the problem of lack of time-domain coordination between communication systems and power control systems in existing technologies.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution: a multi-source information fusion wireless communication system for energy power plants, comprising an energy power subsystem, a wireless communication subsystem, and a multi-source collaborative controller. The multi-source collaborative controller is connected to both the energy power subsystem and the wireless communication subsystem, forming a collaborative control closed loop.

[0007] The multi-source cooperative controller is configured to acquire real-time operating parameters of the energy power subsystem and communication queue status parameters of the wireless communication subsystem. Based on the real-time operating parameters, the controller calculates the total duration of the natural zero vector at the current switching frequency and modulation depth; simultaneously, based on the physical layer rate and protocol overhead in the communication queue status parameters, it determines the minimum atomic communication duration required to transmit the minimum data frame.

[0008] The multi-source collaborative controller executes communication survivability decision logic: it compares the total duration of the natural zero vector with the minimum atom duration of communication. When the total duration of the natural zero vector is less than the minimum atom duration of communication, the controller determines a communication blocking condition and adjusts the switching frequency of the energy power subsystem to extend the zero-voltage vector's operating range by reducing the frequency; when the total duration of the natural zero vector is greater than or equal to the minimum atom duration of communication, it determines a communication survivability condition and maintains the current switching frequency.

[0009] When determining the final physical transmission window, the multi-source collaborative controller introduces ripple constraint logic based on hardware physical characteristics. The controller obtains the filter inductance value and maximum current ripple tolerance of the energy power subsystem, and calculates the maximum safe quiet window duration allowed to maintain a zero voltage vector without triggering overcurrent protection. The controller selects the smaller value between the extended available window obtained after frequency conversion expansion and the maximum safe quiet window duration, and subtracts a preset time margin parameter to obtain the physical transmission window.

[0010] Based on the determined physical transmission window, the multi-source cooperative controller generates and sends data fragmentation instructions to the wireless communication subsystem. The generation logic of the data fragmentation instructions is as follows: based on the length of the physical transmission window and the physical layer transmission rate, the maximum allowable payload length within a single window is calculated; based on the ratio of the length of the data queue to be transmitted in the communication queue status parameters to the maximum payload length, the number of data fragments and the payload parameters of each fragment are calculated.

[0011] The multi-source collaborative controller also sends a physical layer gating signal to the wireless communication subsystem via a hardware trigger circuit. This physical layer gating signal is used to control the wireless communication subsystem to enable radio frequency transmission only when the energy power subsystem is in the zero voltage vector action range, and to forcibly disable radio frequency transmission in the non-zero voltage vector action range.

[0012] As a further improvement of the present invention, the energy power subsystem includes a power controller, which internally has a first state register for storing real-time operating parameters including DC bus voltage, reference voltage vector amplitude, and phase angle. The power controller is configured to: upon receiving the frequency adjustment command and vector reconstruction command from the multi-source cooperative controller, update the period register to execute a new switching frequency; modify the transmission sequence of the space vector pulse width modulation, maintaining a constant active vector duration, and merge the originally dispersed zero-voltage vectors and move them to the end or both sides of the modulation period for execution, thereby forming a continuous electromagnetic silence interval in the time domain.

[0013] As a further improvement of the present invention, the wireless communication subsystem includes a MAC controller and an RF front-end module. The MAC controller has a second status register for storing communication queue status parameters, including the length of the data queue to be transmitted and the physical layer transmission rate. The MAC controller is configured to: respond to the data fragmentation instruction, divide the data in the data queue to be transmitted into fragmented data frames, and push the fragmented data frames into the physical layer transmission queue, bypassing the random backoff mechanism. The transmit enable terminal of the RF front-end module is directly connected to the hardware trigger line, responding to changes in the level of the physical layer gating signal to turn the power amplifier on or off.

[0014] As a further improvement of the present invention, the wireless communication subsystem further includes a baseband processor and a clock synchronization module. The clock synchronization module is used to unify the system's clock reference. The baseband processor is configured to execute a secure cutoff logic: read the power amplifier's turn-off ramp time and calculate the secure cutoff time in conjunction with the end time of the physical transmission window; when the system time reaches the secure cutoff time, immediately stop data writing and toggle the physical layer gate signal to ensure that the radio frequency signal transmission is strictly limited within the physical transmission window, preventing the transmission action from overflowing into the switching interference range.

[0015] This invention provides a multi-source information fusion wireless communication system for energy power plants. It has the following beneficial effects: 1. This invention achieves microsecond-level physical layer gating logic through a hardware triggering circuit between a multi-source collaborative controller and the radio frequency front end, forcibly locking the transmission of wireless signals strictly within the zero-voltage vector action range of the power electronic converter. Utilizing the physical characteristics of power electronic devices in the zero-vector phase, where they are in a natural freewheeling state without switching action, it completely avoids high-energy broadband pulse interference generated by the instantaneous high-frequency switching of IGBTs or MOSFETs in the time domain. Compared to traditional software protocol stack avoidance or complex analog filtering schemes, this invention eliminates the impact of electromagnetic interference on weak communication signals from the physical source, improving the communication signal-to-noise ratio and link reliability in the complex electromagnetic environment of energy plants.

[0016] 2. This invention proposes a frequency conversion extension and adaptive fragmentation strategy based on communication survivability decision, which solves the communication interruption problem caused by the narrow natural silence window under high-frequency switching conditions of converters. The system can dynamically adjust the switching frequency to actively stretch the zero voltage vector window based on the comparison result of the current natural zero vector duration and the minimum communication atom duration. Combined with data fragmentation and reassembly logic that bypasses the random backoff mechanism, a usable physical transmission channel is created without changing the hardware topology. This ensures that key control commands and status data can be transmitted deterministically in high-dynamic scenarios such as photovoltaic and wind power, eliminating the communication dead zone in traditional solutions.

[0017] 3. This invention establishes a ripple constraint model based on inductor current ripple tolerance, strictly limiting the length of the physical transmission window to within the maximum safe quiet window duration. During the decision-making process, the controller always uses the physical characteristics of the filter inductor as the boundary, selecting the smaller value between the extended available window and the safe quiet window duration as the actual transmission period. This prevents the risk of excessively extending the zero vector time to meet communication requirements, which could lead to excessive output current ripple or inductor saturation. Thus, while improving the wireless communication data throughput, it ensures that the output waveform quality of the energy power subsystem always meets the grid connection standard requirements. Attached Figure Description

[0018] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a multi-source information fusion wireless communication system for energy stations according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0019] Figure 2 This is a flowchart of a method for multi-source information fusion and collaborative control of energy stations according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0020] Figure 3 This is a graph showing the trade-off between total harmonic distortion of the output current and communication throughput in this invention.

[0021] Among them, 100 is the energy power subsystem; 200 is the wireless communication subsystem; and 300 is the multi-source cooperative controller. Detailed Implementation

[0022] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0023] See attached document Figure 1The present invention provides a multi-source information fusion wireless communication system for energy power stations, the system comprising: an energy power subsystem 100, a wireless communication subsystem 200, and a multi-source collaborative controller 300.

[0024] The energy power subsystem 100 is used to perform power conversion and output of photovoltaic, wind power, or energy storage equipment, and generates periodic electromagnetic interference during its operation. The wireless communication subsystem 200 is used to perform data transmission tasks in the electromagnetic environment of the energy plant. The multi-source cooperative controller 300 establishes bidirectional data and signal connections with both the energy power subsystem 100 and the wireless communication subsystem 200, forming a closed-loop architecture for information fusion and cooperative control.

[0025] The energy power subsystem 100 includes a power electronic converter, a filter circuit, and a power controller. The power electronic converter consists of multiple fully controlled semiconductor switching devices connected according to a preset topology, used to invert or rectify the input DC or AC power. The filter circuit is connected to the output terminal of the power electronic converter to filter out high-frequency harmonic components in the output voltage.

[0026] The power controller is connected to the control terminal of the power electronic converter. The power controller generates drive pulse signals based on a space vector pulse width modulation algorithm to control the switching devices in the power electronic converter to turn on and off. Internally, the power controller contains a first status register, which stores in real time the current DC bus voltage, reference voltage vector amplitude, reference voltage vector angle, and current switching frequency parameters.

[0027] The wireless communication subsystem 200 includes a radio frequency (RF) front-end module, a MAC controller, and an antenna unit. The RF front-end module includes a power amplifier, a low-noise amplifier, and a mixer. Its transmit enable terminal is connected to an externally input physical layer gating signal, supporting the response to changes in the level of the gating signal within microseconds to turn the RF signal transmission on or off.

[0028] The MAC controller connects to the RF front-end module and is used to execute Media Access Control (MAC) layer protocol processing. Internally, the MAC controller contains a second status register for real-time storage of the data queue length, packet priority, and physical layer transmission rate parameters. The MAC controller is capable of bypassing random backoff mechanisms and supports data frame fragmentation.

[0029] The multi-source collaborative controller 300, as the core logic processing unit of the system, is connected to the power controller via a high-speed data bus and to the MAC controller via a high-speed data interface. The high-speed data bus is used to transmit the operating parameters of the energy power subsystem 100, and the high-speed data interface is used to transmit the communication queue status parameters of the wireless communication subsystem 200.

[0030] The multi-source co-controller 300 is also directly connected to the RF front-end module via a hardware trigger line. The hardware trigger line is a physical hardwired connection used to unidirectionally transmit the physical layer gating signal generated by the multi-source co-controller 300 to the transmit enable terminal of the RF front-end module.

[0031] The system also includes a clock synchronization module. The clock synchronization module is connected to the power controller, MAC controller and multi-source collaborative controller 300 respectively, and is used to provide a unified clock reference signal to ensure that the SVPWM modulation period and the wireless transmission time slot are synchronized with nanosecond-level accuracy.

[0032] In this embodiment, the high-speed data bus adopts the industrial real-time Ethernet protocol, supporting deterministic data transmission latency. The high-speed data interface uses a parallel bus or a high-speed serial bus to meet the throughput requirements of large communication volumes. The hardware triggering circuit is independent of the data bus and is dedicated to transmitting physical layer gating pulses with extremely high real-time requirements.

[0033] The multi-source collaborative controller 300 integrates a fusion computing module. This module receives voltage vector parameters and switching frequency parameters from the power controller, as well as data length parameters from the MAC controller. Based on preset survivability decision logic and ripple constraint logic, it calculates the frequency conversion extension coefficient and data fragmentation parameters, and then sends frequency adjustment commands to the power controller and fragmentation reassembly commands to the MAC controller.

[0034] See attached document Figure 2 This invention provides a method for multi-source information fusion and collaborative control of energy power plants. This method is applied to the aforementioned multi-source information fusion wireless communication system for energy power plants and includes the following steps: The multi-source co-controller 300 periodically reads the real-time operating parameters of the energy power subsystem 100 via a high-speed data bus. These operating parameters include the DC bus voltage value, the amplitude and phase angle of the three-phase reference voltage vector, and the current switching frequency setting.

[0035] Meanwhile, the multi-source cooperative controller 300 reads the communication queue status parameters of the wireless communication subsystem 200 through a high-speed data interface. These communication queue status parameters include the total bit length of the data packets to be transmitted, the service priority identifier of the data packets, and the current modulation and demodulation rate of the physical layer.

[0036] Based on the read reference voltage vector and DC bus voltage, the multi-source cooperative controller 300 calculates the total duration of the natural zero vector generated by the energy power subsystem 100 within one modulation cycle at the current switching frequency, according to the principle of space vector pulse width modulation. This total duration of the natural zero vector represents the theoretical electromagnetic silence time without changing the switching frequency or performing reconfiguration.

[0037] The multi-source cooperative controller 300 executes the communication survivability decision logic. The controller compares the calculated total duration of the natural zero vector with the atomic duration required for the wireless communication subsystem 200 to transmit the minimum physical layer data frame.

[0038] If the total duration of the natural zero vector is less than the atomic duration required for the minimum physical layer data frame, the multi-source cooperative controller 300 determines the current operating condition as a communication congestion condition. At this time, the controller calculates the frequency conversion extension coefficient based on the time difference between the two values ​​and determines the target switching frequency for the next modulation cycle. The target switching frequency is a division of the current switching frequency, used to stretch the modulation cycle in the time domain, thereby extending the absolute duration of the zero vector.

[0039] If the total duration of the natural zero vector is greater than or equal to the atomic duration required for the minimum physical layer data frame, the multi-source cooperative controller 300 determines that the current operating condition is a communication survival condition and keeps the current switching frequency setting unchanged.

[0040] After determining the target switching frequency and the corresponding extended available window, the multi-source cooperative controller 300 executes ripple constraint and segmentation decision logic. Based on the inductance value of the filter inductor in the energy power subsystem 100 and the preset current ripple tolerance, the controller calculates the maximum safe quiet window duration allowed to maintain a zero voltage vector under the current operating conditions.

[0041] The multi-source cooperative controller 300 compares the extended available window with the maximum safe silent window duration and selects the smaller of the two as the physical transmission window actually allocated to the wireless communication subsystem 200.

[0042] If the required transmission duration of the data packet to be transmitted by the wireless communication subsystem 200 exceeds the physical transmission window, the multi-source cooperative controller 300 calculates the data fragmentation parameters. The fragmentation parameters include the number of fragments and the payload length of each fragment. The controller ensures that the total duration of each data fragment after segmentation, including the physical layer frame header overhead, does not exceed the length of the physical transmission window.

[0043] The multi-source cooperative controller 300 sends frequency adjustment commands and vector reconstruction commands to the energy power subsystem 100, and sends fragmentation and reassembly commands to the wireless communication subsystem 200.

[0044] In response to the instruction, the power subsystem 100 updates the period register of the power controller to adjust the switching frequency. At the same time, the power controller modifies the transmission sequence of the space vector pulse width modulation, merging the originally dispersed zero-voltage vectors and moving them to the end of the modulation period to form a continuous zero-voltage vector action range.

[0045] In response to the instruction, the wireless communication subsystem 200 divides the data packet to be transmitted into segments according to the fragmentation parameters and pushes the segmented data frames into the transmit register.

[0046] The multi-source collaborative controller 300 generates a physical layer gating signal based on the start and end times of the physical transmission window. This gating signal is transmitted to the radio frequency front-end module of the wireless communication subsystem 200 via a hardware trigger line.

[0047] When the RF front-end module receives a high-level trigger signal, it turns on the power amplifier and sends the current data segment. When the gate signal transitions to a low level, the RF front-end module forcibly shuts down the power amplifier, ensuring that the wireless signal transmission process is strictly limited to the zero-voltage vector action range of the power subsystem 100.

[0048] In the implementation of multi-source collaborative control, natural silent feature extraction is the foundation for subsequent frequency conversion expansion and segmentation decision-making, mainly including the following steps: The modulation period parameter includes the currently set switching period. The reference voltage vector parameters include the DC bus voltage. Reference voltage vector magnitude and the phase angle of the reference voltage vector in the spatial coordinate system .

[0049] For sector determination methods in space vector pulse width modulation (SVPWM), those skilled in the art can employ methods based on... Coordinate system transformation or The method for direct calculation of coordinate systems is a well-known technique in this field and will not be elaborated here.

[0050] Taking the reference voltage vector falling into the first sector as an example, this sector consists of the basic voltage vector. and Composition, and their respective durations of action and These correspond to the projection components of the reference voltage vector in the two fundamental vector directions, respectively.

[0051] The total duration of the natural zero vector is defined as: within the currently set switching cycle. Within, before frequency conversion expansion and vector rearrangement, the total time theoretically used to maintain the zero voltage vector state.

[0052] Before calculation, the multi-source cooperative controller first determines the sector position and phase angle. Convert to local angle within the sector Local angle equal to phase angle Subtract the angle value of the current sector's starting boundary ,in This is the current sector number. Total duration of the natural zero vector. The calculation model is as follows: ; In the formula: This indicates the currently set switching cycle; Indicates the magnitude of the reference voltage vector; Indicates the DC bus voltage; Indicates a local angle.

[0053] As can be seen from the above calculation model, when the reference voltage vector magnitude Increase or DC bus voltage When decreasing, the calculated total duration of the natural zero vector It decreases accordingly.

[0054] Total duration of the natural zero vector This characterizes the maximum theoretical communication time window that the system's physical layer can provide without any intervention. When subsequent steps determine that this window is insufficient, the total duration of this natural zero vector will be used. Extend the calculation of the frequency dimension to the cardinality.

[0055] After obtaining the total duration of the natural zero vector, the multi-source cooperative controller performs a communication survivability decision, which specifically includes the following steps: Physical layer configuration parameters include physical layer transmission rate. Fixed bit overhead of physical layer frame header and pilot sequence Hardware RF transceiver link state switching protection interval and the minimum effective payload bit length defined by the communication protocol. .

[0056] The minimum atomic duration of communication is defined as the minimum physical time required for a wireless communication subsystem to complete the transmission of a basic, indivisible data frame. This indivisible data frame is typically an acknowledgment frame (ACK) or a network signaling frame, containing the minimum amount of information needed to keep the communication link alive. The calculation model is as follows: ; In the formula: Indicates the minimum effective payload bit length defined by the communication protocol; This represents the fixed bit overhead for the physical layer frame header and pilot sequence; Indicates the physical layer transmission rate; This indicates the state switching protection interval of the hardware RF transceiver link. This parameter corresponds to the time required for the RF front-end power amplifier to perform a single power-on setup or a single power-off cancellation.

[0057] The multi-source cooperative controller will use the natural zero vector total duration With the minimum atomic duration of communication Perform numerical comparisons.

[0058] The multi-source collaborative controller determines the current communication condition category based on the comparison results: like The multi-source collaborative controller determines that the current operation is in a communication congestion state. This determination indicates that, given the current SVPWM modulation depth and the currently set switching cycle, the naturally generated electromagnetic silence window is too narrow to accommodate even a basic acknowledgment frame. In this situation, if the physical layer forcibly sends data, it will be subject to electromagnetic interference generated by the switching action of the power electronic converter, leading to link interruption. Therefore, the system generates a frequency converter trigger flag to activate subsequent frequency converter extended control logic.

[0059] like The multi-source collaborative controller determines that the system is currently in a communication-alive state. This determination indicates that the current natural zero vector window is sufficient to support the most basic communication needs. At this point, the system resets the frequency conversion trigger flag, maintains the currently set switching cycle, and directly enters the physical layer window allocation and fragmentation calculation process.

[0060] When the communication survivability determination indicates that the current operation is in a communication blocking condition, the multi-source cooperative controller executes a frequency conversion extended control strategy. This strategy adjusts the switching frequency of the energy power subsystem to forcibly stretch the duration of the zero-voltage vector in the time domain. The strategy includes the following steps: The controller reads the internally preset time margin parameters. This time margin parameter Used to compensate for hardware response jitter and clock synchronization errors, ensuring that the expanded physical window can cover the system's time deviation while meeting the minimum atomic duration of communication.

[0061] While maintaining the amplitude of the fundamental component of the output voltage constant, the total duration of the non-zero voltage vector (i.e., the active vector) in the power subsystem within a currently set switching cycle remains constant. By extending the switching cycle, all the additional time increments are converted into the duration of the zero voltage vector.

[0062] This coefficient characterizes the ratio of the target switching cycle to the currently set switching cycle. Variable frequency drive (VFD) extension coefficient. The calculation model is as follows: ; In the formula: Indicates the minimum atomic duration of communication; Indicates the time margin parameter; Represents the total duration of the natural zero vector; This indicates the currently set switching cycle.

[0063] The controller reads the minimum switching frequency limit value of the energy power subsystem. This minimum switching frequency limit value These are preset hardware parameters determined based on the saturation and current characteristics of the filter inductor in the power electronic converter and its heat dissipation design. The controller calculates the corresponding maximum allowable cycle time. .

[0064] like The multi-source collaborative controller will increase the frequency conversion extension coefficient. Revised to This step prevents the output current ripple of the power electronic converter from exceeding hardware safety limits due to excessively reduced switching frequency.

[0065] like The multi-source collaborative controller maintains the calculated frequency expansion coefficient. constant.

[0066] Expand available windows Characterizes the actual maximum quiet time that the system can provide at the physical layer after performing frequency conversion operations. Expand available window. The calculation model is as follows: ; In the formula: It represents the duration of the non-zero voltage vector action within the currently set switching cycle, which remains constant during frequency conversion expansion.

[0067] Multi-source collaborative controller based on frequency conversion extension factor Generate frequency adjustment instructions and expand the available window. The signal is passed to the next-level adaptive slicing module based on ripple constraints. If the current condition is determined to be communication-alive, the controller directly expands the available window. Equal to the total duration of the natural zero vector and the frequency conversion extension factor Set to 1.

[0068] Before implementing frequency conversion extension or segmentation strategies, the multi-source co-controller establishes a ripple safety boundary based on physical hardware constraints. This process specifically includes the following steps: The multi-source co-controller reads the energy power subsystem hardware parameters pre-stored in its internal configuration register. These hardware parameters include the filter inductance value. and maximum current ripple tolerance Filter inductance value This refers to the nominal physical inductance value of the output-side filter of the power electronic converter. Maximum current ripple tolerance. This is the maximum allowable change in inductor current during zero-voltage vector action, and this value is set based on grid connection standards and the current handling capability of power devices.

[0069] The multi-source cooperative controller obtains the current reference voltage vector magnitude. This represents the equivalent electromotive force modulus on the output side of the power electronic converter under the current operating conditions.

[0070] The multi-source cooperative controller establishes a current change rate model within the zero-vector action range based on the volt-second characteristics of inductor current. During the zero-voltage vector action period, the three-phase output terminals of the power electronic converter are short-circuited, and the voltage drop across the filter inductor is primarily determined by the back electromotive force (EMF) on the grid side. Since the reference voltage vector in the closed-loop control system tracks the grid EMF in real time, the multi-source cooperative controller will adjust the reference voltage vector amplitude... This is the equivalent voltage across the inductor at this time.

[0071] The multi-source collaborative controller calculates the maximum safe silent window duration. The maximum safe quiet window duration is defined as: the maximum duration for which the system is allowed to continuously maintain a zero-voltage vector state without triggering overcurrent protection and without the current ripple exceeding the tolerance.

[0072] Maximum safe silent window duration The calculation model is as follows: ; In the formula: Indicates the value of the filter inductance; Indicates the maximum current ripple tolerance; This represents the magnitude of the reference voltage vector.

[0073] The multi-source collaborative controller will calculate the maximum safe silent window duration. The output is sent to the fragmentation decision logic. This parameter serves as the upper limit constraint value for the physical layer data transmission window. When the multi-source cooperative controller subsequently allocates physical transmission windows, it will take the smaller value between the expanded available window and the maximum safe silent window duration. Controlled state.

[0074] After acquiring the extended available window and the maximum safe silence window duration, the multi-source cooperative controller executes physical window allocation logic to determine the exact amount of time that can ultimately be allocated to the wireless communication subsystem for data transmission. This process specifically includes the following steps: The multi-source collaborative controller reads the extended available window calculated by the aforementioned variable frequency extended control strategy. And the maximum safe silence window duration calculated by the aforementioned ripple safety boundary definition logic. Simultaneously, the multi-source collaborative controller invokes preset time margin parameters. This parameter is used to cover hardware response latency and clock synchronization errors.

[0075] Controller Comparison Extended Available Window With maximum safe silent window duration The numerical value.

[0076] like This indicates that although frequency conversion extension can provide a longer time window, the system must prioritize power quality constraints due to the current ripple tolerance of the filter inductor. Therefore, the controller selection... As a benchmark; like This indicates that the window provided by the frequency converter extension is within the ripple safety range, but is limited by the minimum switching frequency requirement, and the controller selection... As a benchmark.

[0077] The multi-source cooperative controller calculates the physical transmission window ultimately allocated to the wireless communication subsystem. The controller subtracts the time margin parameter from the reference value. This allows for the acquisition of effective data transmission periods.

[0078] Physical transmission window The calculation model is as follows: ; In the formula: Represents the physical transmission window; Indicates that the available windows have been expanded; Indicates the maximum duration of the safe silent window; Indicates the time margin parameter; This indicates the minimum value operation.

[0079] The multi-source cooperative controller calculates the physical transmission window. Perform validity verification.

[0080] like This indicates that, after deducting the time margin, the current operating condition cannot provide an effective communication gap. The multi-source collaborative controller generates a communication suspension signal, locks the MAC controller's transmit register, and suspends wireless data transmission.

[0081] like The multi-source collaborative controller outputs this parameter to the subsequent data fragmentation module as the maximum time domain width that the wireless data frame is allowed to occupy.

[0082] Within a defined physical transmission window, the multi-source cooperative controller performs adaptive fragmentation processing, dividing long data packets into multiple short data frames adapted to the current electromagnetic silence window. This includes the following steps: The multi-source cooperative controller reads the total number of bits of data to be transmitted currently buffered by the wireless communication subsystem. Simultaneously, the multi-source collaborative controller invokes the physical transmission window. And obtain the physical layer transmission rate of the wireless communication subsystem again. Fixed bit overhead of physical layer frame header and pilot sequence and the fixed overhead of the MAC layer frame header and fragmentation control field. .

[0083] The multi-source cooperative controller calculates the maximum effective payload bit length that can be accommodated within a single physical transmission window. This parameter represents the net space remaining to carry upper-layer application data after deducting all necessary physical and link layer protocol header overheads. Maximum payload bit length The calculation model is as follows: ; In the formula: Represents the physical transmission window; Indicates the physical layer transmission rate; This represents the fixed bit overhead for the physical layer frame header and pilot sequence; This represents the fixed overhead of the MAC layer frame header and fragmentation control field; This represents the floor function operator.

[0084] If the calculated result If the multi-source collaborative controller determines that the current window cannot accommodate the smallest protocol frame, the controller will keep the communication suspended and will not perform the fragmentation operation.

[0085] exist In this case, the number of data fragments required for the multi-source collaborative controller to calculate Number of data shards The calculation model is as follows: ; In the formula: Indicates the total bit length of the data to be sent; Indicates the maximum effective payload bit length; This represents the floor function operator.

[0086] The multi-source cooperative controller sends a fragmentation command to the MAC layer controller of the wireless communication subsystem. The MAC layer controller then determines the fragmentation based on the calculated maximum payload bit length. and number of data shards The original data packet was divided into Sub-data frames.

[0087] The MAC layer controller encapsulates a fragment sequence number and a reassembly offset in the header of each sub-data frame. The fragment sequence number identifies the logical order of the sub-frame within the original data packet, and its value ranges from 1 to... The reassembly offset is used to indicate the starting bit position of the data payload of this subframe in the original data stream. For sequence numbers... The sub-data frame whose application data payload length is equal to For serial numbers The sub-data frame has an application data payload length equal to the remaining data bits.

[0088] The multi-source cooperative controller pushes the first segmented sub-data frame into the physical layer transmission queue and utilizes the current physical transmission window. Launch complete. For the remaining... Each sub-data frame is stored in a buffer queue by the multi-source cooperative controller, which updates the data pointer to be sent and waits for the natural silence window or frequency conversion extension window of the next modulation cycle to be generated before repeating the above physical window allocation steps for transmission.

[0089] After completing the physical window allocation and slice calculation, the multi-source collaborative controller reconstructs the SVPWM output waveform through the underlying drive logic, specifically including the following steps: The multi-source collaborative controller is based on the determined frequency conversion extension factor. Update the time base parameters of the SVPWM modulation module. The controller will set the current switching cycle. Multiply by the frequency conversion extension factor To obtain an extended execution cycle .

[0090] Subsequently, the multi-source collaborative controller will extend the execution cycle. Write to the period shadow register of the PWM module of the microcontroller or digital signal processor. The controller configures the PWMI module to automatically load the value in the shadow register into the currently active register when the counter counts to zero or the period match point, so as to ensure a smooth switch to the reduced frequency at the beginning of a new switching cycle.

[0091] The multi-source co-controller calculates the switching action threshold of each phase power switching device. In the SVPWM algorithm, based on the volt-second balance principle, the duration of the first fundamental voltage vector in the current voltage sector is... Second fundamental voltage vector action time This determines the magnitude and phase of the synthesized voltage vector.

[0092] To maintain the fundamental component of the output voltage unchanged over the extended period, the multi-source co-controller maintains... and The value is constant, so that all new time increments are kept constant. All are reduced to the zero-voltage vector region. When using a seven-segment center-aligned SVPWM modulation method, taking a counter starting from zero as an example, the time count value corresponding to the moment the first power device flips (i.e., the end of the zero-voltage vector) is... The calculation model is as follows: ; In the formula: Indicates an extended execution cycle; Indicates the duration of action of the first fundamental voltage vector; This indicates the duration of action of the second fundamental voltage vector.

[0093] By setting the comparator's toggling threshold to The controller stretches the zero voltage vector at the beginning and end of the PWM cycle, thus creating a continuous silent window in the time domain.

[0094] When the PWM timer counter resets to zero, the controller sends a synchronization pulse to the wireless communication subsystem via an external interrupt request signal line. Upon detecting the rising edge of this synchronization pulse, the wireless communication subsystem, after a preset hardware synchronization delay, immediately executes the signal within the physical transmission window. Internal activation of the RF transmitting circuit. The hardware synchronization delay time is a fixed time parameter used to compensate for interrupt response and the RF circuit start-up process.

[0095] The PWM generator performs a logical comparison between the updated compare register value and the current count value, and outputs a pulse width modulation signal. After the dead time generator inserts a hardware dead time, this signal drives the power switching devices of the inverter bridge arm to turn on and off.

[0096] In the above process, due to the extended execution cycle With this implementation, the switching frequency of the power switching devices is reduced, and the switching action is pushed outside the communication window, thus affecting the physical transmission window. During this period, the power electronic converter is in an electromagnetically stable state with natural freewheeling of ripple current, eliminating high-frequency electromagnetic interference generated by switching transients.

[0097] After receiving the physical layer synchronization trigger signal sent by the multi-source cooperative controller, the wireless communication subsystem controls the on / off timing of the radio frequency front-end through a gating signal generation model, specifically including the following steps: The baseband processor of the wireless communication subsystem captures the physical layer synchronization trigger signal. This signal is emitted by the power subsystem at the zero-voltage vector initiation moment. The baseband processor detects the rising edge of this signal using its internal input capture unit or an external interrupt controller and records this moment as the synchronization trigger moment. .

[0098] The baseband processor reads configuration parameters from internal storage. These parameters include the physical transmission window. and preset RF front-end setup time RF front-end setup time These are inherent parameters determined by the hardware characteristics of the RF transceiver chip, representing the physical time it takes for the phase-locked loop to go from unlocking to frequency locking and for the power amplifier to go from being turned off to having its bias voltage stabilized.

[0099] To ensure the RF link is in a stable operating state when data is transmitted, the gating start time needs to be delayed relative to the synchronization trigger time. Gating signal start time. and the end time The calculation model is as follows: ; ; In the formula: Indicates the synchronization trigger time; Indicates the RF front-end setup time; Indicates the physical transmission window.

[0100] The baseband processor generates gating control signals based on the calculated timing boundaries. This signal is connected to the power amplifier enable pin of the RF front-end chip via a general-purpose input / output interface.

[0101] Meanwhile, the baseband processor is equipped with a direct memory access channel, set at the start time of the gating signal. Initiate the transmission of the baseband digital signal to the digital-to-analog converter. Gating control signal. The logical generation model is as follows: ; In the formula: logic level 1 indicates a high output level, activating the RF front-end circuit to enter the transmit mode; logic level 0 indicates a low output level, forcibly shutting down the RF front-end circuit and putting it in a high-impedance cutoff state. Indicates the start time of the gating signal; Indicates the end time.

[0102] The system locks the radio wave transmission action of the physical layer within the zero-voltage vector action range of the power electronic converter. For the specific hardware implementation of the gating signal generation circuit, those skilled in the art can construct it using a microcontroller's timer comparison output channel or a field-programmable gate array's programmable logic unit. The specific circuit connections and register configurations are well-known technologies in the field and will not be elaborated upon here.

[0103] While the hardware gating signal opens the radio frequency channel, the wireless communication subsystem executes specific baseband processing and transmission control logic to achieve high-reliability data throughput within a limited physical window. This process specifically includes the following steps: The baseband processor of the wireless communication subsystem performs channel coding on data fragments in the buffer queue. Considering that the power electronic converter may generate non-Gaussian impulse noise residue before and after switching operations, the baseband processor adopts a low-density parity-check code or polar code with strong error correction capability as the forward error correction scheme.

[0104] The baseband processor selects a coding rate lower than a preset threshold based on the current channel state information, and improves the demodulation success rate of data frames in transient interference environments by adding redundant check bits.

[0105] The encoded bitstream is mapped to quadrature amplitude modulation (QAM) or phase shift keying (PSH) symbols. The baseband processor writes the digital baseband signal into the digital-to-analog converter (DAC), which outputs an analog baseband signal driven by a clock signal.

[0106] The analog baseband signal enters the RF transceiver and is shifted to the carrier frequency by the quadrature upconverter. At this point, due to the generated gating control signal... It is already in a high-level state, and the RF power amplifier is in the linear amplification region. After amplifying the modulated signal, it is radiated to the space channel through the antenna.

[0107] During data transmission, the high-precision timer inside the baseband processor monitors the current system time in real time. To prevent data transmission from exceeding the silent window boundary due to physical layer latency and thus encountering high-energy electromagnetic interference from the switching actions of power electronic devices, the processor must reserve hardware shutdown time.

[0108] Safety cutoff time The calculation model is as follows: ; In the formula: Indicates the end time; This indicates the power amplifier turn-off ramp time. The power amplifier turn-off ramp time is the physical time required for the RF front end to perform a soft turn-off operation to avoid spectral sputtering.

[0109] when At this time, regardless of whether the current data frame has been completely transmitted, the baseband processor immediately stops writing data to the DAC and sets the output power control word to zero. At this point, the gating control signal... It then flips to a low level, physically disconnecting the transmission link.

[0110] If a forced truncation occurs, the MAC layer controller records the transmission as a failure and triggers the hybrid automatic repeat request mechanism within the next available physical transmission window to retransmit the incomplete data fragments. (Regarding the power amplifier turn-off ramp time...) The specific values ​​can be obtained by those skilled in the art from the electrical characteristic parameter table in the datasheet of the selected RF front-end chip, and are usually in the nanosecond to microsecond range.

[0111] Specific application examples: This application example constructs a comprehensive simulation environment that includes a 50kW photovoltaic inverter and a wireless sensor network.

[0112] In the specific system configuration, the power subsystem is set as a three-phase full-bridge inverter topology, with a DC bus voltage of 800V, a filter inductance of 2mH, and an initial switching frequency of 10kHz, meaning the current switching cycle is 100 microseconds. The wireless communication subsystem adopts a digital bandgap transmission modulation method similar to the ZigBee physical layer, with a center frequency of 2.4GHz, a physical layer transmission rate of 2Mbps, a physical layer frame header and pilot sequence overhead of 40 bits, a RF front-end setup time of 2 microseconds, and a turn-off ramp time of 0.5 microseconds. The MAC layer sets the minimum acknowledgment frame payload to 16 bits. Based on the physical layer transmission rate, the minimum atomic communication duration is approximately 30.5 microseconds.

[0113] At a certain operating moment in this embodiment, the inverter is in a high modulation depth mode, with a large reference voltage vector amplitude and a phase angle located in the middle of the first sector. After reading the real-time operating conditions, the multi-source collaborative controller calculates that the total duration of the naturally generated zero vector at the current 10kHz frequency is only 8 microseconds. The controller compares this value with the minimum atomic communication duration of 30.5 microseconds. Since the natural duration cannot meet the minimum communication requirements, the controller determines that it is currently in a communication blocking mode and immediately triggers the frequency conversion extension logic.

[0114] The controller calculates the target extended execution cycle based on the time difference and a preset 2-microsecond time margin. The calculation involves subtracting the total duration of the natural zero vector from the sum of the minimum atomic communication duration and the time margin to obtain the required time increment, which is then added to the original switching cycle. The calculation shows the target cycle is approximately 124.5 microseconds. Considering the discretization characteristics of the digital controller, the controller rounds the target cycle up to 125 microseconds, corresponding to a target switching frequency reduced to 8kHz. At this frequency, the extended usable window increases to approximately 33 microseconds. Next, the controller performs a ripple constraint check. Based on the inductance value, DC voltage, and a preset 15% maximum current ripple tolerance, the maximum allowable safe quiet window duration under the current operating conditions is calculated to be 45 microseconds. Since the extended 33-microsecond usable window is less than the 45-microsecond safe upper limit, the controller confirms that the frequency conversion strategy meets power quality requirements and determines the final physical transmission window to be 31 microseconds.

[0115] Assume the MAC layer currently buffers a 1280-bit sensor data packet. Based on a 31-microsecond window length and a 2 Mbps data rate, the controller, after deducting necessary protocol header overhead, calculates the maximum effective payload per window to be approximately 34 bits. Accordingly, the controller divides the data packet into 38 segments. Subsequently, the controller sends an 8 kHz frequency command and a center-aligned vector reconstruction command to the power subsystem, and a segmented transmission command to the communication subsystem. Over the next 38 modulation cycles, the system precisely initiates data segmentation transmission at the RF front end through hardware-triggered gating signals at the beginning and end of each PWM cycle.

[0116] See attached document Figure 3 This chart visually demonstrates the technical advantages of this invention in resolving the contradictory parameters of power quality and communication speed. Through a detailed comparative analysis of the three sets of experimental data—no frequency conversion reference, fixed frequency extension, and the adaptive data of this invention—the following conclusions can be drawn: First, in the no-frequency reference mode, the system always maintains a preset initial high switching frequency (10kHz). Data shows that the output current THD of the power electronic converter is only 1.20% at this time, exhibiting optimal power quality; however, due to the naturally existing narrow zero vector window, it cannot meet the data frame transmission requirements, resulting in a large number of data packets colliding or being suspended, and its effective throughput is extremely low, only 0.2Mbps, indicating that wireless communication is basically in a blocked state under this operating condition.

[0117] Secondly, in the fixed-frequency extended mode, the system adopts a coarse control strategy, keeping the switching frequency fixed at a low level (8kHz) for a long time in exchange for communication time. Data shows that the effective throughput of the system increases to 1.8Mbps, solving the communication congestion problem; however, this long-term frequency reduction operation leads to a significant increase in output current ripple, and the output current THD deteriorates to 1.55%, which is 0.35 percentage points higher than the baseline mode, and has a significant impact on the power quality of the grid.

[0118] Finally, in the adaptive mode of this invention, the multi-source collaborative controller intervenes and performs transient frequency conversion only when communication congestion is detected. Data shows that the effective throughput of the solution of this invention reaches 1.75Mbps, which is very close to 1.8Mbps in the fixed-frequency extended mode, fully guaranteeing the real-time transmission capability of large data volumes; at the same time, since the frequency conversion operation is triggered on demand and is limited by ripple constraints, its output current THD is controlled at 1.28%.

[0119] In summary, compared to a non-conversion reference, the present invention increases communication throughput by nearly eight times (from 0.2 Mbps to 1.75 Mbps) at the minimal cost of only a slight increase of 0.08% in THD (from 1.20% to 1.28%). Compared to fixed-frequency extension, it significantly reduces harmonic distortion (from 1.55% to 1.28%) while maintaining the same communication level. This fully demonstrates that the present invention can accurately find the optimal balance between power quality and communication performance, achieving synergistic optimization of both performances.

Claims

1. A multi-source information fusion wireless communication system for energy power plants, characterized in that, It includes an energy power subsystem (100), a wireless communication subsystem (200), and a multi-source cooperative controller (300). The multi-source cooperative controller (300) is connected to the energy power subsystem (100) and the wireless communication subsystem (200) respectively, forming a cooperative control closed loop; The multi-source cooperative controller (300) acquires the real-time operating parameters of the energy power subsystem (100) and the communication queue status parameters of the wireless communication subsystem (200); The total duration of the natural zero vector is calculated based on the real-time operating parameters, and the minimum atomic duration of communication is determined based on the communication queue status parameters. Based on the comparison between the total duration of the natural zero vector and the minimum atomic duration of the communication, it is determined whether to adjust the switching frequency of the energy power subsystem (100) to extend the zero voltage vector range; A physical transmission window is generated based on the determined zero-voltage vector action range, and a data fragmentation instruction is sent to the wireless communication subsystem (200). The multi-source cooperative controller (300) also sends a physical layer gating signal to the wireless communication subsystem (200) through a hardware trigger line, controlling the wireless communication subsystem (200) to only transmit radio frequency signals when the energy power subsystem (100) is in the zero voltage vector action range.

2. The energy station multi-source information fusion wireless communication system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The energy power subsystem (100) includes a power electronic converter and a power controller; The power controller is used to generate a drive pulse signal according to a space vector pulse width modulation algorithm to control the power electronic converter; The power controller has a first status register inside, which is used to store the real-time operating parameters including DC bus voltage, reference voltage vector magnitude and phase angle. The multi-source cooperative controller (300) reads the data in the first status register through the high-speed data bus, and sends frequency adjustment instructions and vector reconstruction instructions to the power controller through the high-speed data bus.

3. The energy station multi-source information fusion wireless communication system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The wireless communication subsystem (200) includes a MAC controller and a radio frequency front-end module; The MAC controller is used to perform media access control layer protocol processing and data frame fragmentation. It has a second status register inside to store the communication queue status parameters, including the length of the data queue to be sent and the physical layer transmission rate. The transmit enable terminal of the radio frequency front-end module is directly connected to the hardware trigger line, and responds to the level change of the physical layer gating signal to turn the power amplifier on or off. After receiving the data fragmentation instruction, the MAC controller divides the data in the data queue to be sent into fragmented data frames and pushes the fragmented data frames into the physical layer transmission queue, bypassing the random backoff mechanism.

4. The energy station multi-source information fusion wireless communication system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The specific method by which the multi-source cooperative controller (300) executes the communication survivability decision logic is as follows: Calculate the total duration of the natural zero vector of the energy power subsystem (100) at the current switching frequency; Calculate the minimum atomic duration of communication required for the wireless communication subsystem (200) to transmit the minimum physical layer data frame, the minimum atomic duration of communication being determined based on the minimum payload length, protocol header overhead and hardware handover guard interval; If the total duration of the natural zero vector is less than the minimum atomic duration of communication, it is determined to be a communication blocking condition, and the frequency conversion extension control logic is triggered. If the total duration of the natural zero vector is greater than or equal to the minimum atomic duration of the communication, it is determined to be a communication survival condition, and the current switching frequency remains unchanged.

5. The energy station multi-source information fusion wireless communication system according to claim 4, characterized in that, After determining that the communication is blocked, the multi-source collaborative controller (300) executes the frequency conversion extended control logic in the following specific manner: The frequency conversion extension coefficient is calculated based on the difference between the minimum atomic duration of the communication and the total duration of the natural zero vector, combined with the preset time margin parameter. The target switching frequency is determined based on the frequency conversion spread coefficient, and the modulation period length corresponding to the target switching frequency is greater than the modulation period length corresponding to the current switching frequency. The modulation period duration corresponding to the increased target switching frequency is allocated entirely to the zero voltage vector to obtain an extended available window.

6. The energy station multi-source information fusion wireless communication system according to claim 5, characterized in that, The multi-source cooperative controller (300) also includes ripple constraint logic: Obtain the filter inductance value and maximum current ripple tolerance of the energy power subsystem (100); Based on the filter inductance value, the maximum current ripple tolerance, and the current reference voltage vector amplitude, the maximum safe silence window duration is calculated. The maximum safe silence window duration represents the limit time that the zero voltage vector can be maintained without triggering overcurrent protection. The maximum safe silent window duration is used as the upper limit constraint value of the physical transmission window.

7. The energy station multi-source information fusion wireless communication system according to claim 6, characterized in that, The multi-source cooperative controller (300) determines the physical transmission window in the following manner: Compare the value of the expanded available window with the value of the maximum safe silent window duration; The smaller value between the extended available window and the maximum safe silent window duration is selected, and the preset time margin parameter is deducted to obtain the physical transmission window finally allocated to the wireless communication subsystem (200).

8. The energy station multi-source information fusion wireless communication system according to claim 7, characterized in that, The multi-source collaborative controller (300) calculates the data fragmentation instruction in the following specific way: Based on the length of the physical transmission window and the physical layer transmission rate, and after deducting the protocol header overhead of the physical layer and the link layer, the maximum allowable payload length within a single physical transmission window is calculated. The number of data fragments is calculated by rounding up the ratio of the length of the data queue to the maximum payload length in the communication queue status parameters. The data sharding instruction includes the number of data shards and the effective payload length parameter of each shard.

9. A multi-source information fusion wireless communication system for energy stations according to claim 2, characterized in that, Upon receiving the frequency adjustment command and the vector reconstruction command, the power controller performs the following operations: Update the cycle register to execute the new switching frequency; The transmission sequence of space vector pulse width modulation is modified to keep the active vector action time constant. The zero voltage vector is merged and moved to the end or both sides of the modulation period to form a continuous electromagnetic silence interval in the time domain.

10. A multi-source information fusion wireless communication system for energy stations according to claim 3, characterized in that, The system also includes a clock synchronization module for unifying the system time of the energy power subsystem (100) and the wireless communication subsystem (200); The wireless communication subsystem (200) further includes a baseband processor, which reads the turn-off ramp time of the power amplifier in the radio frequency front-end module and calculates the safe cut-off time in combination with the end time of the physical transmission window. When the system time reaches the safe cutoff moment, the baseband processor immediately stops writing data and flips the physical layer gating signal, so that the RF front-end module can turn off the power amplifier before the physical transmission window ends.

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