Three-dimensional vacuum cavity heat dissipation module

Abstract

The embodiment of the present application discloses a three-dimensional vacuum cavity heat dissipation module, which comprises a liquid injection pipe, an evaporation cavity assembly, a condensation cavity assembly and a plurality of condensation flat tubes. The evaporation cavity assembly comprises an evaporation bottom plate and an evaporation cover plate, the liquid injection pipe is communicated with the evaporation cavity, the condensation cavity assembly comprises a condensation bottom plate and a condensation cover plate, the condensation cavity is communicated with the non-core area of the evaporation cavity through the condensation flat tube, the condensation flat tube is provided with a second condensation fin, the non-core area of the evaporation cavity is provided with a fluid passage, and the core area of the evaporation cavity is provided with a tooth portion. The present application greatly increases the synergistic heat exchange effect of external airflow and internal evaporation gas by planning the airflow guide and the heat consumption direction of the three-dimensional vacuum cavity, relieves the heat exchange demand of high-power heat spots, increases the liquid return rate, and thus increases the overall gas-liquid circulation efficiency. The present application has high modularization and parameterization degree, high overall module assembly convenience and high production efficiency.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of radiator technology, and more particularly to a three-dimensional vacuum cavity heat dissipation module. Background Technology

[0002] With the rapid development of technologies such as 5G communication, electric vehicles, and artificial intelligence, the integration level of electronic and electrical equipment is increasing, and the corresponding heat dissipation and power density are also increasing daily. Traditional heat dissipation solutions using single heat pipes and 2.5D vapor chambers are gradually becoming insufficient to meet the growing heat dissipation demands. Therefore, 3D vacuum cavity heat dissipation solutions are gradually replacing traditional solutions due to their superior temperature uniformity and the high utilization rate of three-dimensional heat dissipation space.

[0003] Currently, 3DVC (Three-Dimensional Vacuum Chamber) cooling modules generally consist of a vapor chamber and multiple heat pipes, with copper as the primary substrate. While copper is widely used due to its excellent thermal conductivity and ductility, its bonding with aluminum fins often involves soldering. This not only adds an extra process compared to integrated aluminum soldering but also increases thermal resistance along the heat conduction path and reduces module weight. Furthermore, with rising copper prices, aluminum-based 3DVC cooling modules are poised to gain a price advantage in the market.

[0004] Problems with existing technology: In the phase change heat transfer cycle of a three-dimensional vapor chamber (3DVC), the condensation region, as a key heat dissipation unit, is responsible for efficiently liquefying the high-temperature working fluid vapor from the evaporation end and releasing its latent heat. The heat transfer performance of this region directly limits the upper limit of the thermal control capability of the entire heat dissipation module. If the condensation capacity is insufficient, the working fluid vapor cannot be fully liquefied in time, leading to the accumulation of vapor pressure within the chamber and an increase in saturation temperature. This, in turn, causes the operating temperature of the evaporation region to rise, forcing the chip to trigger a frequency reduction protection mechanism due to overheating, significantly affecting the device's operating performance. Furthermore, residual vapor will also hinder the return of the liquid working fluid to the heat source through the capillary structure, disrupting the dynamic equilibrium between the gas and liquid phases. Under high heat flux conditions, this can easily lead to localized "dry-out" phenomena, causing heat transfer failure and posing a safety hazard that could result in thermal damage to the chip and heat dissipation structure.

[0005] For tube-fin 3DVC structures, the manufacturing process requires inserting multiple independent heat dissipation fins one by one onto the outer wall of the heat pipe. This process demands high precision, is complex, and has low production efficiency. Misalignment during assembly introduces additional interfacial thermal resistance, reducing overall thermal conductivity. Furthermore, such mechanical errors can induce problems like incomplete soldering and poor contact in subsequent welding processes, affecting the long-term reliability of the product. For harmonica-tube 3DVCs, the fins must be embedded as a whole into a flat tube array with dense through-holes, involving the simultaneous alignment of hundreds of connection points. This places extremely high demands on the positioning accuracy of automated assembly equipment. Especially during the pre-fixation stage before welding, fins are prone to misalignment or tilting, affecting not only appearance quality but also uneven stress distribution leading to insufficient weld strength in some areas, creating potential defects that threaten the structural integrity and heat dissipation stability of the final product.

[0006] Therefore, it is necessary to develop a lightweight aluminum-based three-dimensional vacuum cavity heat dissipation module that has reasonable space utilization, high heat exchange efficiency, and high assembly convenience to solve the above problems. Summary of the Invention

[0007] The technical problem to be solved by the embodiments of the present invention is to provide a three-dimensional vacuum cavity heat dissipation module to solve the technical problems of unreasonable space utilization, low heat exchange efficiency and poor assembly convenience in the prior art.

[0008] To address the aforementioned technical problems, this invention proposes a three-dimensional vacuum cavity heat dissipation module, comprising a liquid injection pipe, an evaporation cavity assembly, a condensation cavity assembly, and several condensation flat tubes. The evaporation cavity assembly includes an evaporation base plate and an evaporation cover plate, which are connected to form the evaporation cavity. The liquid injection pipe connects to the evaporation cavity. The condensation cavity assembly includes a condensation base plate and a condensation cover plate, which are connected to form the condensation cavity. The evaporation cavity is divided into a core area and a non-core area. The condensation cavity connects to the non-core area of ​​the evaporation cavity through the condensation flat tubes. The condensation flat tubes are provided with second condensation fins. The non-core area of ​​the evaporation cavity is provided with a fluid channel, and the core area of ​​the evaporation cavity is provided with teeth.

[0009] Furthermore, the condensation chamber assembly has two sets of non-core areas, with the core area located between the two sets of non-core areas.

[0010] Furthermore, a first condensation fin is provided on the evaporator cover plate at the core area.

[0011] Furthermore, the first condenser fin is provided with multiple fin-deep grooves.

[0012] Furthermore, a centrifugal fan is installed on the evaporator cover corresponding to the core area.

[0013] Furthermore, the module also includes an air guide cover, which has air guide fixing holes for fixing a fan or air guide structure.

[0014] Furthermore, the condenser flat tube is provided with multiple parallel connecting grooves for connecting the evaporation chamber and the condensation chamber, and the upper and lower sides of the condenser flat tube are provided with limiting welding surface bosses.

[0015] Furthermore, the fluid channel includes a transverse fluid channel and a longitudinal fluid channel. The transverse fluid channel is positioned and aligned with the condenser flat tube, and the longitudinal fluid channel is positioned and aligned with the parallel conductive grooves inside the condenser flat tube.

[0016] Furthermore, the condensation chamber is equipped with several support columns.

[0017] Furthermore, the teeth are staggered diamond-shaped needle teeth; or parallel saw teeth are used, and deep evaporation grooves are provided on the parallel saw teeth.

[0018] The beneficial effects of this invention are as follows: 1. The evaporation chamber, the condenser flat tube, and the condenser chamber of the present invention are all provided with corresponding boss contact surfaces at the joints to facilitate positioning and quick assembly.

[0019] 2. The staggered prismatic needles used in this invention not only support and connect the evaporation cover plate, but also ensure that the evaporation chamber has sufficient heat exchange area and uniform distribution guidance for non-directional reflux liquid.

[0020] 3. This invention significantly increases the synergistic heat exchange effect between external airflow and internal evaporation gas by planning the airflow direction and the heat dissipation flow direction of the three-dimensional vacuum cavity, and by setting the first and second condensing fins along the path; the shortest first condensing path is constructed to receive direct airflow to alleviate the heat exchange demand of high-power hot spots, while the synergistic second condensing path further increases the return liquid rate through the inclined condensate return channel on the substrate, thereby increasing the overall gas-liquid circulation efficiency.

[0021] 4. Both the first and second condenser fins of the present invention can be made using a precision tooth-shaving process, which not only reduces the difficulty of welding and fixing additional fins and flat tubes, but also improves the modularity and parameterization of the two important heat exchange components, and can coordinate the heat exchange area and air volume balance point according to different heat consumption requirements.

[0022] 5. All components of this invention take into account the advantages of lightweight and low cost of aluminum materials, and the high convenience brought by modular assembly improves production efficiency and yield consistency.

[0023] 6. This invention has comprehensive advantages such as high space utilization, strong hot spot targeting, good heat exchange temperature uniformity, and strong assembly convenience, which can meet the urgent needs of modern electronic equipment for efficient heat exchange. Attached Figure Description

[0024] Figure 1 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the three-dimensional vacuum cavity heat dissipation module according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0025] Figure 2 This is a front view of the three-dimensional vacuum cavity heat dissipation module according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0026] Figure 3 yes Figure 2 Sectional view at point AA.

[0027] Figure 4 This is an internal structural diagram of the three-dimensional vacuum cavity heat dissipation module according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0028] Figure 5 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the condenser cover plate according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0029] Figure 6 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the condenser cavity assembly according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0030] Figure 7 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the condenser flat tube from one angle according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0031] Figure 8 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the condenser flat tube from another angle according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0032] Figure 9 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the evaporator cavity assembly according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0033] Figure 10 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the evaporation base plate according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0034] Figure 11 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the condensation cavity assembly and the condensation flat tube portion of the three-dimensional vacuum cavity heat dissipation module according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0035] Figure 12 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of a three-dimensional vacuum cavity heat dissipation module according to another embodiment of the present invention.

[0036] Figure 13 This is a schematic diagram of the heat dissipation flow of the three-dimensional vacuum cavity heat dissipation module according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0037] Figure 14 This is a schematic diagram of the evaporation base plate according to another embodiment of the present invention.

[0038] Explanation of icon numbers 10. Evaporation chamber assembly; 11. Evaporation base plate; 12. Evaporation cover plate; 13. First condensation path; 14. Transverse fluid channel; 15. Evaporation hollowed-out groove; 16. Teeth; 17. Longitudinal fluid channel; 18. Parallel serrations; 19. Deepened evaporation groove; 20. Condensation chamber assembly; 21. Condensation base plate; 22. Condensation cover plate; 23. Condensation hollowed-out groove; 24. Support column; 30. Condensation flat tube; 31. Conducting toothed groove; 32. Toothed groove partition; 33. Limiting weld surface boss; 34. Second condensation fin; 35. Second condensation path; 40. Air guide hood; 41. Air guide fixing hole; 42. Centrifugal fan; 50. First condensation fin; 51. Deepened fin groove; 60. Liquid injection pipe. Detailed Implementation

[0039] It should be noted that, unless otherwise specified, the embodiments and features described in this application can be combined with each other. The present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0040] In this embodiment of the invention, directional indicators (such as up, down, left, right, front, back, etc.) are only used to explain the relative positional relationship and movement of each component in a specific posture (as shown in the figure). If the specific posture changes, the directional indicator will also change accordingly.

[0041] Furthermore, in this invention, descriptions involving "first," "second," etc., are for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying their relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of technical features indicated. Therefore, a feature defined with "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one of those features.

[0042] Please refer to Figures 1-14 The three-dimensional vacuum cavity heat dissipation module of this invention includes an air guide shroud, a liquid injection pipe, an evaporation cavity assembly, a condensation cavity assembly, and a condensation flat tube.

[0043] The evaporation chamber assembly includes an evaporation base plate and an evaporation cover plate. The evaporation cover plate is placed on the evaporation base plate and is sealed to form the evaporation chamber. The liquid injection pipe is located on the evaporation cover plate and connects to the evaporation chamber. After the working fluid is injected, the liquid injection pipe is clamped, laser-sealed, and bent and hidden in the air guide shroud.

[0044] The condenser assembly includes a condenser base plate and a condenser cover plate. The condenser cover plate is placed on the condenser base plate and is sealed to form the condenser chamber. The condenser base plate has condenser recesses for connecting the condenser flat tubes. Several support columns are provided inside the condenser chamber; that is, the condenser cover plate has parallel, spaced-apart support columns for connecting all condenser channels. The support columns on the condenser cover plate are aligned with the toothed ribs in the condenser flat tubes.

[0045] The evaporation chamber is divided into a core area (where the evaporation plate at the core area is usually in direct contact with the heat source) and a non-core area. The condensation chamber is connected to the non-core area of ​​the evaporation chamber through the condensation flat tube. The evaporation chamber, condensation flat tube, and condensation chamber are interconnected to form a three-dimensional vacuum chamber. In a specific implementation, an evaporation-removed groove is provided on the evaporation cover plate to facilitate the passage from the evaporation chamber to the condensation flat tube and the liquid injection pipe.

[0046] The condensing flat tube is equipped with a second condensing fin, and the non-core area of ​​the evaporation chamber is equipped with a fluid channel. The fluid channel, the condensing flat tube, and the condensing chamber constitute the second condensation path.

[0047] The core area of ​​the evaporation chamber (i.e., the evaporation base plate) is provided with several teeth. These teeth are arranged vertically at intervals, dividing the core area of ​​the evaporation chamber into multiple first condensation paths. The evaporation cover plate has upward-facing first condensation fins corresponding to the core area. The first and second condensation fins are arranged in the same direction. Both the first and second condensation fins are manufactured using a precision tooth-cutting process, which not only reduces the difficulty of welding and fixing additional fins to the flat tube, but also improves the modularity and parameterization of these two important heat exchange components. This allows for the coordinated adjustment of heat exchange area and airflow balance point according to different heat consumption requirements.

[0048] This invention significantly increases the synergistic heat exchange effect between external airflow and internal evaporation gas by planning the airflow direction and the heat dissipation direction of the three-dimensional vacuum cavity (the first condensing fins are the first heat dissipation direction, and the direction of the condensing flat tube and condensing cavity is the second heat dissipation direction) and setting the first and second condensing fins in their path, and constructs the shortest first condensation path and the synergistic second condensation path.

[0049] In one implementation, the condensing chamber assembly and the evaporating chamber have two sets of non-core areas, with the core area located between the two sets of non-core areas. The condensing flat tubes are correspondingly divided into two groups, and the two sets of condensing chambers are connected to the two sets of non-core areas of the evaporating chamber through the two sets of condensing flat tubes. Airflow enters from the middle (above the core area) and exits towards the second condensing fins on both sides, with the airflow direction as follows: Figure 13 As shown.

[0050] In one implementation, the teeth can be upward-facing staggered diamond-shaped needles; alternatively, they can be parallel sawtooths with deep evaporation grooves to connect the evaporation and condensation channels in parallel. The staggered diamond-shaped needles used in this invention not only support and connect the evaporation cover plate but also ensure that the evaporation chamber has sufficient heat exchange area and uniform distribution and guidance of the reflux liquid.

[0051] In one embodiment, the first condenser fin has multiple deep grooves. The height of the first condenser fin is basically the same as that of the second condenser fin. The first condenser fin of the present invention is not only used for direct heat dissipation of hot spots, but also has multiple deep grooves and parallel fin channels for evenly distributing airflow to the condenser flat tubes on both sides.

[0052] As one implementation method, please refer to Figure 12 A centrifugal fan, preferably a two-inlet, one-outlet centrifugal fan, is installed on the evaporator cover corresponding to the core area. That is, the first condenser fins can be omitted according to airflow requirements. A two-inlet, one-outlet centrifugal fan is installed between the evaporator cover and the air guide shroud, thereby achieving an airflow direction of air intake on both sides and air outlet in the middle, and further reducing the overall height of the module. The thickness of the two-inlet, one-outlet centrifugal fan must match the height of the condenser tube to avoid air leakage.

[0053] As one implementation method, the air guide cover is provided with air guide fixing holes, which are used to fix the fan or air guide structure and direct the airflow to the top air inlet and the two side air outlets. The air guide cover can be additionally fixed to the evaporator base plate and evaporator cover plate with conventional plastic or steel according to the application requirements. Alternatively, aluminum can be selected and directly brazed with other components to further enhance the structural strength.

[0054] In one embodiment, the condenser flat tube has multiple parallel connecting grooves for connecting the evaporation chamber and the condensation chamber, and a precision-cut fin on one side serves as a second condensation fin. Limiting welding surface bosses are provided on the upper and lower sides of the condenser flat tube. The connecting grooves of the condenser flat tube are separated by groove ribs.

[0055] In one embodiment, the fluid channel includes a transverse fluid channel and a longitudinal fluid channel. The transverse fluid channel is aligned with the condenser flat tube, and the longitudinal fluid channel is aligned with the parallel conductive grooves within the condenser flat tube. The bottom of the transverse fluid channel is sloped, with the side facing the core region lower than the side away from the core region. The angled fluid channel of this invention further increases the liquid return rate of the second condensation path, thereby improving the gas-liquid circulation efficiency.

[0056] This invention significantly enhances the synergistic heat exchange between external airflow and internal evaporating gas by planning the airflow direction and the heat dissipation flow of the three-dimensional vacuum cavity, and by incorporating first and second condensing fins along their path. The shortest first condensing path is designed to receive direct airflow, effectively alleviating the heat exchange demands of high-power hotspots. The synergistic second condensing path further increases the liquid return rate through angled fluid channels on the evaporation base, thereby increasing the overall gas-liquid circulation efficiency. Since both the first and second condensing fins employ a precision tooth-shaving process, all components of this invention exhibit a high degree of modular parameterization, resulting in convenient assembly and high production efficiency for the overall module.

[0057] Although embodiments of the invention have been shown and described, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, the scope of which is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A three-dimensional vacuum cavity heat dissipation module, comprising a liquid injection pipe, an evaporation cavity assembly, a condensation cavity assembly, and a plurality of condensation flat tubes, wherein the evaporation cavity assembly includes an evaporation base plate and an evaporation cover plate, the evaporation base plate and the evaporation cover plate being connected to form an evaporation cavity, the liquid injection pipe being connected to the evaporation cavity, and the condensation cavity assembly including a condensation base plate and a condensation cover plate, the condensation base plate and the condensation cover plate being connected to form a condensation cavity, characterized in that, The evaporation chamber is divided into a core area and a non-core area. The condensation chamber is connected to the non-core area of ​​the evaporation chamber through the condensation flat tube. The condensation flat tube is provided with a second condensation fin. The non-core area of ​​the evaporation chamber is provided with a fluid channel. The core area of ​​the evaporation chamber is provided with a toothed part.

2. The three-dimensional vacuum cavity heat dissipation module as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The condensation chamber assembly consists of two sets of non-core areas, with the core area located between the two sets of non-core areas.

3. The three-dimensional vacuum cavity heat dissipation module as described in claim 2, characterized in that, The first condenser fin is provided on the evaporator cover plate at the core area.

4. The three-dimensional vacuum cavity heat dissipation module as described in claim 3, characterized in that, The first condenser fin has multiple deep grooves.

5. The three-dimensional vacuum cavity heat dissipation module as described in claim 2, characterized in that, A centrifugal fan is installed on the evaporator cover corresponding to the core area.

6. The three-dimensional vacuum cavity heat dissipation module as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The module also includes an air guide cover, which has air guide fixing holes for fixing a fan or air guide structure.

7. The three-dimensional vacuum cavity heat dissipation module as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The condenser flat tube is provided with multiple parallel guide grooves for connecting the evaporation chamber and the condensation chamber, and the upper and lower sides of the condenser flat tube are provided with limiting welding surface bosses.

8. The three-dimensional vacuum cavity heat dissipation module as described in claim 7, characterized in that, The fluid channel includes a transverse fluid channel and a longitudinal fluid channel. The transverse fluid channel is positioned and aligned with the condenser flat tube, and the longitudinal fluid channel is positioned and aligned with the parallel conductive grooves inside the condenser flat tube.

9. The three-dimensional vacuum cavity heat dissipation module as described in claim 1, characterized in that, Several support columns are installed inside the condensation chamber.

10. The three-dimensional vacuum cavity heat dissipation module as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The teeth are staggered diamond-shaped needle teeth; or parallel saw teeth are used, and deep evaporation grooves are provided on the parallel saw teeth.

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