Terminal, wireless communication method, and base station

Abstract

A terminal according to one embodiment of the present disclosure includes a reception unit that receives at least one of a first indication common to a plurality of operators and used for at least beam indication, and a second indication used for beam indication and scheduling of a specific channel, and a control unit that determines a beam to be applied in the specific channel based on a reception timing of the first indication and a reception timing of the second indication. According to one embodiment of the present disclosure, a beam can be appropriately applied in a shared resource.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This disclosure relates to terminals, wireless communication methods, and base stations in next-generation mobile communication systems. Background Technology

[0002] In Universal Mobile Telecommunications System (UMTS) networks, Long Term Evolution (LTE) was standardized with the aim of achieving higher data rates and lower latency (Non-Patent Document 1). Furthermore, LTE-Advanced (3GPP Rel. 10-14) was standardized with the aim of further increasing capacity and improving upon LTE (3rd Generation Partnership Project (3GPP) Release (Rel.) 8, 9).

[0003] They are also researching successor systems to LTE (e.g., also known as the 5th generation mobile communication system (5G), 5G+ (plus), the 6th generation mobile communication system (6G), New Radio (NR), 3GPP Rel.15 and later, etc.).

[0004] Existing technical documents

[0005] Non-patent literature

[0006] Non-patent document 1: 3GPP TS 36.300 V8.12.0 "Evolved Universal Terrestrial Radio Access (E-UTRA) and Evolved Universal Terrestrial Radio Access Network (E-UTRAN); Overall description; Stage 2 (Release 8)", April 2010 Summary of the Invention

[0007] The problem that the invention aims to solve

[0008] In future wireless communication systems, with the aim of maximizing the efficiency of frequency band utilization (existing frequency bands and new high frequency bands), research is underway on multiple operators sharing sites / resources.

[0009] However, in situations where multiple operators share resources, the application of beamforming for signal reception has not been adequately studied. Without sufficient research, flexible communication deployment for each operator is impossible, raising concerns that this could hinder improvements in communication quality.

[0010] Therefore, one of the objectives of this disclosure is to provide a terminal, wireless communication method, and base station that can appropriately apply beams in shared resources.

[0011] Methods for solving problems

[0012] One aspect of this disclosure relates to a terminal comprising: a receiving unit that receives at least one of a first indication common among multiple operators for beam indication and a second indication for beam indication and scheduling of a specific channel; and a control unit that determines the beam to be applied in the specific channel based on the reception timing of the first indication and the reception timing of the second indication.

[0013] Invention Effects

[0014] According to one aspect of this disclosure, beaming can be appropriately applied in shared resources. Attached Figure Description

[0015] Figures 1A to 1D This is a diagram illustrating an example of a sharing scenario.

[0016] Figures 2A to 2C This is a diagram representing an example of shared resources.

[0017] Figure 3 This is a diagram illustrating an example of beam indication according to embodiment 1a.

[0018] Figure 4 This is a diagram illustrating an example of beam indication according to embodiment 1b.

[0019] Figure 5 This is a diagram illustrating an example of beam indication according to embodiment 2a.

[0020] Figure 6 This is a diagram illustrating an example of beam indication according to embodiment 2b.

[0021] Figure 7 This is a diagram illustrating an example of the schematic structure of a wireless communication system according to one embodiment.

[0022] Figure 8 This is a diagram illustrating an example of the structure of a base station according to one embodiment.

[0023] Figure 9This is a diagram illustrating an example of the structure of a user terminal according to one embodiment.

[0024] Figure 10 This is a diagram illustrating an example of the hardware structure of a base station and a user terminal according to one embodiment.

[0025] Figure 11 This is a diagram illustrating an example of a vehicle according to one embodiment. Detailed Implementation

[0026] (Sharing among multiple MNOs)

[0027] For 6G, the following key elements are being studied.

[0028] - Ultra wideband communication.

[0029] - Communication that is indispensable for business execution (mission critical communication).

[0030] - Ultra massive connection.

[0031] - Universal coverage.

[0032] - Intelligent connection.

[0033] - Ubiquitous sensing.

[0034] - New use case.

[0035] In addition to the above objectives, the following new concepts can also be included as objectives.

[0036] - Scalable (e.g., guaranteeing further future possibilities).

[0037] - Customizable (e.g., making it easier to use).

[0038] - Sustainable (e.g., cost reduction, more robust).

[0039] To reduce base station deployment costs, the following factors can also be studied regarding the sharing of licensed spectrum among mobile network operators (MNOs) for its application.

[0040] - Existing sharing since LTE (equipment sharing). Core network sharing (gateway core network, GWCN, multi-operator core network, MOCN). Different operators can share cells, and different operators are assigned different PLMN IDs.

[0041] - RAN sharing (multi-operator RAN (MORAN)). Different operators can share base station hardware, and different operators are assigned different cells.

[0042] - Site sharing. Different operators can share sites, and different operators are assigned different base stations.

[0043] - Spectrum sharing.

[0044] Figures 1A to 1D This is a diagram illustrating an example of a sharing scenario.

[0045] Figure 1A An example of site sharing. For example... Figure 1A As shown, in site sharing, multiple operators share antennas and sites. On the other hand, the service platform, HSS (Home Subscriber Server) / HLR (Home Location Register), Core Network (CN) Packet Switching (PS)), base stations, and cells / frequencies are independent for each of the multiple operators.

[0046] Figure 1B This represents an example of MORAN (Multi Operator RAN). For example... Figure 1BAs shown, in MORAN, multiple operators share antennas, sites, and a portion of the base station (e.g., base station hardware). On the other hand, the service platform, HSS / HLR, CN PS, other parts of the base station (e.g., base station software), and cells / frequencies are independent for each operator.

[0047] Figure 1C This represents an example of a MOCN (Multi Operator Core Network). For example... Figure 1C As shown, in MOCN, multiple operators share base stations and cells / frequency. On the other hand, the service platform, HSS / HLR, and CN PS are independent for each of the multiple operators.

[0048] Figure 1D This represents an example of a GWCN (Gateway Core Network). For example... Figure 1D As shown, within a GWCN, multiple operators share CN PS, base stations, and cells / frequency. On the other hand, the service platform and HSS / HLR are independent for each of the multiple operators.

[0049] For example, in MOCN / GWCN, since multiple operators share cells, it is desirable to be able to change settings for each operator (e.g., the ID (PLMNID) associated with the Public Land Mobile Network (PLMN)).

[0050] (analyze)

[0051] As mentioned above, research on how to share base station equipment / resources among multiple operators is insufficient. For example, considering the sharing of frequency resources, the scenario where each operator's resources are time-division multiplexed (TDM) should be taken into account (see [reference]). Figure 2A ), the case of being frequency division multiplexed (FDM) (see Figure 2B ), and the cases involving TDM and FDM (also known as flexible TDM / FDM, see reference). Figure 2C ).

[0052] However, in the case of shared frequency resources, there are concerns about reduced frequency utilization efficiency and network-side energy efficiency when control is implemented to make the time / frequency resources of each operator orthogonal.

[0053] Furthermore, when using analog beamforming, communication may not be possible in the same way as scheduling between multiple operators due to constraints from a scheduling perspective. More specifically, when using analog beamforming, if the base station uses a common RF (Radio Frequency) device for frequency resources (e.g., using frequency division multiplexing resources), only one beam can usually be used at the same timing, raising concerns about scheduling conflicts when using different beams.

[0054] However, research on methods for utilizing shared resources that envision such a scenario is insufficient.

[0055] Therefore, if the common signals / resources among multiple operators are not sufficiently studied, the shared resources cannot be properly utilized, which may inhibit the improvement of communication quality.

[0056] Therefore, the inventors of this invention conceived of a method for using shared resources based on more efficient site / frequency utilization through resource sharing.

[0057] The embodiments disclosed herein will now be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. The wireless communication methods described in each embodiment can be applied individually or in combination.

[0058] In this disclosure, "A / B" and "at least one of A and B" may be rewritten as each other. In addition, in this disclosure, "A / B / C" may also mean "at least one of A, B and C".

[0059] In this disclosure, terms such as notification, activate, deactivate, indicate, select, configure, update, and determine can be overridden. Similarly, terms such as support, control, ability to control, operation, and ability to operate can also be overridden.

[0060] In this disclosure, Radio Resource Control (RRC), RRC parameters, RRC messages, higher-level parameters, fields, Information Elements (IE), settings, etc., can be modified interchangeably. In this disclosure, Medium Access Control (MAC) control elements (CE), update commands, activation / deactivation commands, etc., can also be modified interchangeably.

[0061] In this disclosure, higher layer signaling may be, for example, any one of Radio Resource Control (RRC) signaling, Medium Access Control (MAC) signaling, broadcast information, or a combination thereof.

[0062] In this disclosure, MAC signaling may also use, for example, a MAC Control Element (MACCE) or a MAC Protocol Data Unit (PDU). Broadcast information may also be, for example, a Master Information Block (MIB), a System Information Block (SIB), a Remaining Minimum System Information (RMSI), or Other System Information (OSI).

[0063] In this disclosure, physical layer signaling may also be, for example, downlink control information (DCI), uplink control information (UCI), etc.

[0064] In this disclosure, a b a_b, and a with b appended to its lower right, can be interchanged. In this disclosure, a c a^c, and a with a superscript 'c', can be interchanged. In this disclosure, a b c The notations `a_b^c`, `a` with `b` appended to its lower right and `c` appended to its upper right, can be rewritten interchangeably. In this disclosure, `ceil(x)`, the `ceiling` function, and the floor function can also be rewritten interchangeably. In this disclosure, `floor(x)`, the `floor` function, and the floor function can also be rewritten interchangeably. In this disclosure, `sqrt(x)` and the square root (`root`) can also be rewritten interchangeably. In this disclosure, x... ~ This can be represented by appending ~ to x, and can also be called x tilde. In this disclosure, x - It can be represented by appending a hyphen (-) to x, and can also be called an x ​​bar.

[0065] In this disclosure, MNO, operator, communication operator, PLMN, operator policy, settings of each communication operator, and settings of each operator can also be modified. In this disclosure, MNO, network (NW), base station, central unit (CU), distributed unit (DU), radio unit (RU), and TRP can also be modified.

[0066] In this disclosure, specific IDs, PLMN IDs, PLMN-related IDs, operator-related IDs, PLMNs, more than one piece of information identified by a PLMN, PLMN sets, and IDs / information / parameters used to identify operators / MNOs / telecommunication operators can be interchanged.

[0067] In this disclosure, the system information (SI), a portion of the system information, partial system information, MIB, SIB, SIB for initial access, SIB1, SIB X (x is any number), downlink shared channel carrying system information, and PDSCH carrying system information can also be rewritten.

[0068] (Wireless communication method)

[0069] In this disclosure, for convenience, a cell that shares frequency resources among multiple operators will be referred to as "cell x", but this does not represent the inherent name of the cell.

[0070] The terminal (also known as the user terminal or user equipment (UE)) can also perform beam-related cell-specific operations in cell x.

[0071] The embodiments described below can also be applied based on the premise that the UE needs to connect to a certain operator (corresponding cell) / PLMN. In this disclosure, for convenience, the operator / PLMN is referred to as "PLMN#A".

[0072] In this disclosure, "(multiple) operator common" can mean either no distinction between operators or that the UE can utilize it regardless of the operator.

[0073] In this publication, "later" can also be interchanged with "after".

[0074] The received DL channel / signal may also include a reference signal (e.g., DMRS / CSI-RS / TRS / PTRS).

[0075] The DL channel / signal in this disclosure can also be rewritten as any DL channel / signal (e.g., PDCCH / PDSCH), and the UL channel / signal in this disclosure can also be rewritten as any UL channel / signal (e.g., PUCCH / PUSCH).

[0076] In this disclosure, the term "(multiple) UE common signal" can also refer to a signal shared among multiple UEs or a signal set based on shared resources. In this disclosure, the term "(multiple) UE common signal" can be based on whether it is shared between communication operators, or it can be unrelated to whether it is shared between communication operators.

[0077] In this disclosure, the terms PLMN-common, PLMN-dedicated, UE-common, and UE-dedicated may refer to PLMN-common, PLMN-dedicated, UE-common, and UE-dedicated settings, resources, and signals, respectively.

[0078] In this disclosure, the common settings / resources / signals of PLMNs can refer to settings / resources / signals that are independent of PLMN IDs (not associated with PLMN IDs), or settings / resources / signals that are associated with multiple PLMN IDs.

[0079] In this disclosure, common settings / resources / signals for PLMNs may also refer to settings / resources / signals associated with a PLMN ID.

[0080] In this disclosure, beam, beam-related specific parameters, antenna port, codebook, Transmission Configuration Indication state (TCI state) , Quasi-Co-Location (QCL) , QCL concept, reference signal, panel, antenna panel, spatial domain transmission filter, spatial domain reception filter, precoding, precoder, weight (precoding weight), spatial relation, spatial domain filter, transmit power, phase rotation, layer, number of layers, rank, resource, resource set, beamwidth, beam angle, antenna, antenna element, UE panel, transmitting entity, and receiving entity can also be rewritten.

[0081] In this disclosure, resources, time (time domain) resources, frequency (frequency domain) resources, time / frequency resources, and resources in any domain can also be rewritten.

[0082] In this disclosure, signals, channels, reference signals, information, information elements, parameters, and fields can also be rewritten.

[0083] In this disclosure, terms such as drop, abort, cancel, puncture, rate matching, postpone, do not send, do not receive, and ignore can be rewritten interchangeably.

[0084] <First Implementation>

[0085] The first implementation involves settings / instructions / notifications related to beams for a particular resource.

[0086] The UE can also determine / decide which beam to apply to the transmission and reception of signals in a certain time resource based on the first setting / instruction / notification related to the beam.

[0087] The first setting / instruction / notification can also be sent using PLMN common (common among multiple operators) signals.

[0088] Implementation Method 1a

[0089] The UE can also receive settings related to signals common to the PLMN.

[0090] The UE can also receive the first setting / instruction / notification based on the signal-related settings common to the PLMN.

[0091] Settings related to signals common to the PLMN can also be transmitted using system information (e.g., at least one of the SIBs scheduled by the main information block (e.g., SIB1) and other SIBs (e.g., SIB x)).

[0092] The first setting / instruction / notification, for example, can also represent information related to the beam for each specific time-domain resource.

[0093] The first setting / instruction / notification may also be sent using, for example, higher-level signaling (e.g., RRC / MAC CE) and at least one of DCI / PDCCH.

[0094] The DCI used for the first setting / instruction / notification may, for example, have the same DCI size as other DCIs (e.g., the DCI for scheduling PDSCH (DL allocation) and the DCI for scheduling PUSCH (UL license)).

[0095] The CRC used for the DCI of the first setting / instruction / notification can be scrambled using either the existing RNTI or the newly specified / set RNTI.

[0096] The UE's ability to receive / monitor information related to the first setting / instruction / notification can also be specified. A UE that does not support this capability may not be allowed to connect to cell x. Alternatively, it can be specified that UEs connecting to cell x must support this capability.

[0097] Figure 3 This is a diagram illustrating an example of beam indication according to embodiment 1a. Figure 3 In the example shown, the UE is scheduled to use the PUSCH of beam #A by using the DCI (UL license) of beam #A.

[0098] exist Figure 3 In the example shown, after receiving the DCI, the UE receives the first indication (indication beam #B) in a certain time resource. This time resource contains the transmission period of the PUSCH.

[0099] Hereinafter, in Embodiment 1b (and Embodiment 1b'), the method for applying / determining the beam in such a case will be described.

[0100] Implementation Method 1b

[0101] The UE can use the DCI to determine / determine the beam-related information (also known as beam indication information) applied in the DL channel (e.g., PDSCH) / UL channel (e.g., PUSCH) scheduled by the DCI.

[0102] In other words, beam indication information applied in DL channels (e.g., PDSCH) / UL channels (e.g., PUSCH) scheduled by DCI can also be included in the DCI.

[0103] The beam indication information can also be a UE-specific signal, for example.

[0104] The UE can also receive beam indication information and the first setting / instruction / notification described in the above embodiment 1a.

[0105] The UE can also determine / determine the beam applied in the scheduled channel / signal based on at least one of the reception timing of beam indication information and the reception timing of the first setting / indication / notification signal common to the PLMN.

[0106] The UE can receive beam indication information either before or after receiving the first setting / instruction / notification.

[0107] If the beam indicated by the beam indication information contained in the received DCI is different from the beam indicated by the first indication received after receiving the beam indication information, the UE may also determine that it will not transmit / receive the DL channel / UL channel scheduled by the DCI in the indicated resource (e.g., cancel / discard the transmission / reception of the DL channel / UL channel).

[0108] In this case, the UE can determine that the DL channel / UL channel is being transmitted / received in other time resources.

[0109] The other time resource can also be the next time resource corresponding to the beam indication information.

[0110] If the UE does not receive the scheduled DL channel, the UE can either send a negative acknowledgment (NACK) to the NW or not generate HARQ-ACK information / bits (Operation 1b).

[0111] The UE can also determine the application of operation 1b based on the HARQ feedback for the DL channel and the period between the first indication (transmission / reception).

[0112] For example, if the period between the HARQ feedback for the DL channel and the first indication (transmission / reception) is a specific time T or greater than a specific time T, the UE may also apply operation 1b.

[0113] For example, if the period between the HARQ feedback for the DL channel and the first indication (transmission / reception) is less than a specific time T, the UE may not apply operation 1b.

[0114] The T can be predefined in the specification, set / instructed / notified to the UE using higher-level signaling (RRC / MAC CE) / DCI, determined based on UE capability information, or determined by a combination of these methods.

[0115] The DL channel can be transmitted / received either earlier or later than the first indication. The first indication can also be an indication of a beam associated with a time resource that is further in the future / past than the time of transmission / reception of the first indication.

[0116] The UE can also determine the interruption / discarding of the transmission of the UL channel based on the period between the transmission of the UL channel and the first indication (transmission / reception).

[0117] For example, if the period between the transmission of the UL channel and the first indication (transmission / reception) is greater than or equal to a specific time T', the UE may also determine to suspend / discard the transmission of the UL channel.

[0118] For example, if the period between the transmission of the UL channel and the first indication (transmission / reception) is less than or equal to a specific time T', the UE may also determine that it will not suspend / discard the transmission of the UL channel.

[0119] The T' can be specified in advance in the specification, set / instructed / notified to the UE using higher-level signaling (RRC / MAC CE) / DCI, determined based on UE capability information, or determined by a combination of these methods.

[0120] The UE can either assume / determine that T and T' are the same, or it can assume / determine that T and T' are determined / specified separately.

[0121] Furthermore, if a portion of the resources of the DL / UL channel scheduled by DCI is included in the time resources corresponding to the first indication, this implementation method can be applied either to that portion of the resources or to all resources of the DL / UL channel that includes that portion of the resources.

[0122] Figure 4 This is a diagram illustrating an example of beam indication according to embodiment 1b. Figure 4 In the example shown, the UE is scheduled to use the PUSCH of beam #A by using the DCI (UL license) of beam #A. Figure 4 In the example shown, after receiving the DCI, the UE receives the first indication (indicator beam #B) in a certain time resource. This time resource contains the transmission period for the PUSCH. In this case, the UE discards the transmission of the PUSCH.

[0123] Implementation Method 1b'

[0124] If the beam (first beam) based on the beam indication information contained in the received DCI is different from the beam (second beam) indicated by the first indication received after receiving the beam indication information, the UE may also determine that the first beam is applied to the transmission / reception of the DL channel / UL channel scheduled by the DCI.

[0125] In other words, the UE can also ignore the first indication received after receiving the beam indication information.

[0126] Furthermore, if the beam (first beam) based on the beam indication information contained in the received DCI is different from the beam indicated by the first indication received after receiving the beam indication information (second beam), the UE may also determine that the second beam is applied to the transmission / reception of the DL channel / UL channel scheduled by the DCI.

[0127] In other words, the UE can also change / update the beam based on beam indication information to the beam based on the first indication received after receiving the beam indication information.

[0128] Furthermore, if the beam indicated by the received first indication (first beam) is different from the beam indicated by the beam indication information contained in the DCI received after receiving the first indication (second beam), the UE may also determine that it will not transmit / receive the DL channel / UL channel scheduled by the DCI.

[0129] Furthermore, if the beam indicated by the received first indication (first beam) is different from the beam indicated by the beam indication information contained in the DCI received after receiving the first indication (second beam), the UE may also determine that the first beam is applied to the transmission / reception of the DL channel / UL channel scheduled by the DCI.

[0130] In other words, the UE can also ignore the beam indication information received after receiving the first indication.

[0131] Furthermore, if the beam indicated by the received first indication (first beam) is different from the beam indicated by the beam indication information contained in the DCI received after receiving the first indication (second beam), the UE may also determine that the second beam is applied to the transmission / reception of the DL channel / UL channel scheduled by the DCI.

[0132] In other words, the UE can also change / update the beam based on the first indication to a beam based on the beam indication information received after receiving the first indication.

[0133] Alternatively, implementation method 1b' can be applied when the application beam indicated when the DL channel / UL channel is scheduled satisfies a specific relationship / condition with the beam based on the first indication.

[0134] This specific relationship / condition can also be the case where the application beam indicated when the DL channel / UL channel is scheduled is included in the pre-set / specified beam combination, along with the beam based on the first indication.

[0135] This specific relationship / condition can also be a case where the quality associated with the beam based on the first indication is above (or greater than) / below (or less than) a specific threshold.

[0136] If the specific relationship / condition is not met, the UE may also suspend / discard the transmission / reception of the scheduled DL channel / UL channel.

[0137] According to implementation method 1b / 1b', the beam applied to the scheduled DL / UL channel can be appropriately determined.

[0138] Implementation Method 1c

[0139] Even if the UE does not receive the first setting / instruction / notification, it can still determine the beam applied to the DL / UL channel based on the beam indication information contained in the DCI of the scheduling DL / UL channel.

[0140] For example, if at least one operation corresponding to the one described in Embodiment 1a is performed and no first setting / instruction / notification is received, the UE may also determine the beam applied to the DL channel / UL channel based on the beam indication information contained in the DCI of the scheduling DL channel / UL channel.

[0141] According to embodiment 1c, even without receiving the first setting / instruction / notification, the beam applied to the DL channel / UL channel can be appropriately determined.

[0142] Implementation Method 1d

[0143] The PDSCH involved in the first embodiment may, for example, be a PDSCH sent in a periodic resource.

[0144] The PDSCH sent in this periodic resource can be, for example, at least one of semi-persistent scheduling PDSCH (SPS PDSCH) or repetition of PDSCH.

[0145] The PUSCH involved in the first embodiment may, for example, be a PUSCH sent in a periodic resource.

[0146] The PUSCH sent in this periodic resource can be, for example, at least one of a Configured Grant PUSCH (CG PUSCH) or a recurrence of PUSCH.

[0147] CG PUSCH can also include PUSCH based solely on high-level (RRC) parameters, and PUSCH based on both high-level (RRC) parameters and DCI-based triggering.

[0148] If a portion of the periodic resources associated with PDSCH / PUSCH is included in the time resources corresponding to the first indication, the UE may also apply implementation method 1b (or 1b') for that portion of the resources.

[0149] According to implementation method 1d, the beam applied to the channel that is used for transmission and reception using periodic resources can be appropriately determined.

[0150] Implementation Method 1e

[0151] The first setting / instruction / notification can also use the same form as the signal for a specific purpose.

[0152] For example, the first indication can also use the same signal / DCI format as the UL cancellation indication sent by a lower priority UL.

[0153] For example, the UE can also apply the above implementation method 1b (or 1b') regardless of the priority of the UL channel.

[0154] Whether the instruction notified to the UE is the first instruction or an instruction to cancel a lower-priority UL transmission can also be determined / distinguished based on specific methods.

[0155] This specific method can also be based on specific settings (RRC settings). For example, the UE can also determine whether the instruction notified to the UE is the first instruction or an instruction to cancel a lower-priority UL transmission based on specific settings (e.g., settings related to PDCCH monitoring occasion / PDCCH candidate / CORESET / search space / RNTI).

[0156] This specific method could also be based on a specific field contained in the DCI. For example, the UE could determine whether the DCI is a first indication or an indication to cancel a lower-priority UL transmission based on a specific field contained in the notified DCI (a field indicating whether the DCI is a first indication or an indication to cancel a lower-priority UL transmission). This specific field can also be specified by a specific number of bits (e.g., 1 bit).

[0157] According to embodiment 1e, by using the same form of signal as the one for a specific purpose for the first setting / instruction / notification, the installation of the UE can be simplified.

[0158] Implementation Method 1f

[0159] The first setting / instruction / notification can also use the same form as the signal for a specific purpose.

[0160] For example, the first indication can also use the same signal / DCI format as the indication of DL preemption indication that the notification has not been sent to the UL channel.

[0161] Whether the instruction notified to the UE is the first instruction or an instruction notifying the UL channel that was not sent can also be determined / distinguished based on specific methods.

[0162] This specific method can also be based on specific settings (RRC settings). For example, the UE can also determine whether the indication notified to the UE is the first indication or an indication of an unsent UL channel based on specific settings (e.g., settings related to PDCCH listening timing / PDCCH candidate / CORESET / search space / RNTI).

[0163] This specific method could also be based on a specific field contained in the DCI. For example, the UE could determine whether the DCI is a first indication or an indication of a not transmitted UL channel based on a specific field contained in the notified DCI (a field indicating whether the DCI is a first indication or an indication of a not transmitted UL channel). This specific field can also be specified by a specific number of bits (e.g., 1 bit).

[0164] According to embodiment 1f, by using the same form of signal as the one for a specific purpose for the first setting / instruction / notification, the installation of the UE can be simplified.

[0165] Implementation Method 1g

[0166] The first setting / instruction / notification can also use the same form for signals used in the DL channel and signals used in the UL channel.

[0167] Whether the instruction sent to the UE is for the DL channel or the UL channel can be determined / distinguished based on specific methods.

[0168] This specific method can also be based on specific settings (RRC settings). For example, the UE can also determine whether the indication notified to the UE is an indication for the DL channel or an indication for the UL channel based on specific settings (e.g., settings related to PDCCH listening timing / PDCCH candidate / CORESET / search space / RNTI).

[0169] This specific method could also be based on a specific field contained in the DCI. For example, the UE could determine whether the DCI is an indication for a DL channel or a UL channel based on a specific field contained in the notified DCI (a field indicating whether the DCI is an indication for a DL channel or a UL channel). This specific field can also be specified by a specific number of bits (e.g., 1 bit).

[0170] According to implementation method 1g, by making the first setting / instruction / notification common in DL and UL, the installation of the UE can be simplified.

[0171] Implementation Method 1h

[0172] The first setting / instruction / notification can also be specified as a signal using a specific sequence (specific sequence signal).

[0173] The UE may also make judgments related to the first setting / instruction / notification based on the sequence used for the first setting / instruction / notification (e.g., execution / cancellation / discarding / modification of transmission and reception of DL / UL channels).

[0174] According to implementation method 1h, by configuring the system to identify the first setting / instruction / notification using a sequence, it is possible to appropriately notify the UE of the entire cell.

[0175] Implementation Method 1i

[0176] The first setting / instruction / notification can also be rewritten as a setting / instruction / notification indicating whether the scheduled DL / UL channel can be transmitted or received in a certain time resource.

[0177] For example, the UE can also determine whether the scheduled (or already scheduled) DL / UL channel can be transmitted and received in the corresponding time resources based on the first setting / instruction / notification.

[0178] <Second Implementation Method>

[0179] The second implementation involves settings / instructions / notifications related to beams for a particular resource.

[0180] The information used by the UE for beam-related information with the DL / UL channel can be transmitted to multiple UEs (the entire cell) within the cell.

[0181] The UE can also use PLMN common (inter-operator common) signals to receive information related to the beam applied to the DL / UL channel. The UE can also determine the beam for a specific resource based on settings / indications / notifications related to beams associated with other UEs.

[0182] Implementation Method 2a

[0183] In cell x, at least one of the DCI (e.g., DL allocation) for scheduling DL channels (e.g., PDSCH) and the DCI (e.g., UL permission) for scheduling UL channels (e.g., PUSCH) can also be configured as DCIs transmitted in multiple (e.g., 2) stages (e.g., 2-stage DCIs).

[0184] Furthermore, this disclosure uses a 2-stage DCI as the main example for illustration, but the number of stages is not limited to this and can also be greater than 2.

[0185] Phase 1 DCI (also known as 1st DCI) can also be transmitted using PLMN common / UE common resources. In other words, 1st DCI can also be PLMN common (common among multiple operators) DCI.

[0186] The first DCI can also include information / fields related to time-domain resources, as well as information / fields related to beams.

[0187] The first DCI is not only the DCI that the scheduled UE can receive, but also the DCI that multiple UEs in the cell (e.g., all UEs) can receive.

[0188] The CRC of the first DCI can also be scrambled using the RNTI common to PLMN.

[0189] The first DCI can also be sent periodically. At least one of the following: the transmission period of the first DCI, the duration of the periodic transmission of the first DCI, the transmission start timing of the first DCI, and the number of times the first DCI is sent, can also be set / instructed / notified to the UE using higher-layer signaling (e.g., RRC / MAC CE) / other DCIs.

[0190] The UE can also receive the first DCI and, based on the first DCI, receive the corresponding second-stage DCI (also known as the second DCI) (or attempt to receive / decode the second DCI).

[0191] The first DCI may also include information / fields related to PLMN.

[0192] The information / fields related to PLMN can also represent / contain more than one PLMN.

[0193] For example, the information / field related to the PLMN can be represented in the form of a bitmap. The UE can also receive in advance the correspondence between which bit (position) corresponds to which PLMN. The UE can determine the PLMN represented by the information / field based on the bitmap.

[0194] For example, the UE can also determine the reception / decoding of the corresponding second DCI based on the information / parameters related to the PLMN.

[0195] For example, if the information / field related to the PLMN matches the PLMN (PLMN#A) to which it is connected (or indicates that it contains the PLMN to which it is connected), the UE can also receive / decode the corresponding second DCI (or try to receive / decode the second DCI).

[0196] For example, if the information / field related to the PLMN does not match the PLMN (PLMN#A) to which it is connected (or indicates that the PLMN to which it is connected is not included), the UE may not perform the corresponding second DCI reception / decoding (or may not attempt to receive / decode the second DCI).

[0197] In addition, the first DCI may also contain destination-related information / fields. This destination may, for example, be information that specifies / identifies the UE.

[0198] For example, if the destination-related information / field matches itself, the UE can also receive / decode the corresponding second DCI (or try to receive / decode the second DCI).

[0199] For example, if the destination-related information / field does not match itself, the UE may not perform the corresponding second DCI reception / decoding (or may not attempt to receive / decode the second DCI).

[0200] The resources of the corresponding second DCI can also be associated with the resources of the first DCI.

[0201] The UE can also use the resources of the 2nd DCI while being notified by the 1st DCI.

[0202] The UE can also perform blind decoding of the resource set used by the second DCI to detect / receive the second DCI.

[0203] The UE can also assume / determine that the 1st DCI and the corresponding 2nd DCI use the same beam for transmission (QCL relationship).

[0204] The second DCI can also be sent using UE-specific resources.

[0205] The second DCI may also contain specific scheduling information. This specific scheduling information may also be excluded from the first DCI.

[0206] The CRC of the second DCI can also be scrambled using a UE-specific RNTI (e.g., C (cell)-RNTI).

[0207] The ability to monitor PDCCH associated with the 1st DCI and the ability to monitor PDCCH associated with the 2nd DCI can also be specified / set separately.

[0208] For example, at least one of the constraints related to the capability of blind detection and the constraints related to the size of the DCI can be specified / set only for the first DCI, only for the second DCI, or for both the first and second DCI.

[0209] The first DCI can also be transmitted via beam sweeping. This configuration allows for notification to multiple UEs (e.g., all UEs) within the cell.

[0210] The first DCI can also be transmitted using a wide beam. This configuration allows for notification to multiple UEs (e.g., all UEs) within the cell.

[0211] The first DCI can also be transmitted using a sequence of signals (sequence signals). With this configuration, the UE can receive the first DCI using any beam.

[0212] Figure 5 This is a diagram illustrating an example of beam indication according to embodiment 2a. Figure 5 In the example shown, UE#A is scheduled to apply beam #A's PUSCH based on both Phase 1 and Phase 2 DCI. Furthermore, in Figure 5 In the example shown, UE#B is scheduled to apply beam #B's PUSCH based on the Phase 1 DCI and the Phase 2 DCI.

[0213] exist Figure 5 In the example shown, UE#A and UE#B listen to / decode / receive the same / common 1 DCI. Figure 5 In particular, the first DCI that UE#A listens for / decodes / receives is indicated by "*".

[0214] In addition, Figure 5In the example shown, the first DCI and the second DCI for UE#A / #B are received in the same time resource, but this is only one example. The second DCI can also be received after the first DCI. In this disclosure, it is also permissible for the first DCI and the corresponding second DCI to be received / transmitted in the same time domain (e.g., symbol).

[0215] The UE may also not assume that it will receive the second DCI earlier than the first DCI in time.

[0216] Furthermore, the second DCI received by UE#A and the second DCI received by UE#B can be configured in the same frequency resource or in different frequency resources.

[0217] In addition, Figure 5 In the example shown, the beam #A applied to the PUSCH scheduled for UE#A is different from the beam #B applied to the PUSCH scheduled for UE#B. In this case, whether the UE should send the PUSCH becomes a problem.

[0218] Hereinafter, in Embodiment 2b (and Embodiment 2b'), the method for applying / determining the beam in such a case will be described.

[0219] Implementation Method 2b

[0220] The UE may also use the first DCI / (self-oriented) second DCI to determine / determine the beam-related information (also known as beam indication information) applied to the DL channel (e.g., PDSCH) / UL channel (e.g., PUSCH) scheduled through at least one of the first DCI / second DCI.

[0221] In other words, beam indication information applied to DL channels (e.g., PDSCH) / UL channels (e.g., PUSCH) scheduled via the first DCI / (self-oriented) second DCI can also be included in the first DCI / (self-oriented) second DCI.

[0222] The beam indication information can also be UE-specific beam indication information.

[0223] The UE can also determine / determine the beam applied in the scheduled channel / signal based on at least one of the reception timing of the beam indication information contained in its own first DCI / second DCI and the reception timing of the beam indication information contained in the first DCI for other UEs.

[0224] If the beam applied to the DL / UL channel based on the beam indication information contained in the received 1st DCI / (self-oriented) 2nd DCI is different from the beam of the DL / UL channel applied to other UEs that exists in the same time resource as the DL / UL channel, the UE may also determine that it will not transmit / receive the scheduled DL / UL channel in the indicated resource (e.g., cancel / discard the transmission / reception of the DL / UL channel).

[0225] In this case, the UE can also determine that the DL channel / UL channel is being transmitted / received in other time resources.

[0226] The other time resource can also be the next time resource corresponding to the beam indication information.

[0227] For example, if a UE receives beam indication information for another UE after receiving scheduling information for itself (corresponding to itself) in time, it can also be determined that it will not transmit / receive the scheduled DL channel / UL channel in the indicated resource (e.g., cancel / discard the transmission / reception of the DL channel / UL channel).

[0228] For example, if a UE receives beam indication information for another UE before receiving scheduling information for itself, it can be determined that the UE is transmitting / receiving the scheduled DL channel / UL channel within the indicated resource.

[0229] If the UE does not receive the scheduled DL channel, the UE can either send a negative acknowledgment (NACK) to the NW or not generate HARQ-ACK information / bits (operation 2b).

[0230] The UE can also determine the application of operation 2b based on the HARQ feedback for the DL channel and the period between the reception of the first DCI / the second DCI.

[0231] For example, if the HARQ feedback for this DL channel and the period between the first DCI / second DCI (transmission / reception) is a specific time T or greater than a specific time T, the UE can also apply operation 2b.

[0232] For example, if the HARQ feedback for this DL channel and the period between the first DCI / second DCI (transmission / reception) is less than a specific time T, the UE may not apply operation 2b.

[0233] The T can be predefined in the specification, set / instructed / notified to the UE using higher-level signaling (RRC / MAC CE) / DCI, determined based on UE capability information, or determined by a combination of these methods.

[0234] The UE can also determine the interruption / discarding of the transmission of the UL channel based on the period between the transmission of the UL channel and the transmission / reception of the 1st DCI / 2nd DCI.

[0235] For example, if the period between the transmission of the UL channel and the transmission / reception of the 1st DCI / 2nd DCI is greater than a specific time T', the UE may also determine to suspend / discard the transmission of the UL channel.

[0236] For example, if the period between the transmission of the UL channel and the transmission / reception of the 1st DCI / 2nd DCI is less than a specific time T', the UE may also determine that it will not suspend / discard the transmission of the UL channel.

[0237] The T' can be specified in advance in the specification, set / instructed / notified to the UE using higher-level signaling (RRC / MAC CE) / DCI, determined based on UE capability information, or determined by a combination of these methods.

[0238] The UE can either assume / determine that T and T' are the same, or it can assume / determine that T and T' are determined / specified separately.

[0239] In addition, when a portion of the resources of the DL / UL channel scheduled by DCI overlaps with the resources of the DL / UL channel for other UEs, this implementation method can be applied to either that portion of the resources or to all the resources of the DL / UL channel that includes that portion of the resources.

[0240] Figure 6 This is a diagram illustrating an example of beam indication according to embodiment 2b. Figure 6 In the example shown, UE#A is scheduled to apply beam #A's PUSCH based on the Phase 1 DCI and the Phase 2 DCI.

[0241] In addition, Figure 6 In the example shown, UE#B is scheduled to apply beam #B's PUSCH based on both Phase 1 and Phase 2 DCI. The PUSCH for UE#A and the PUSCH for UE#B are scheduled in a time-overlapping manner.

[0242] exist Figure 6In the example shown, UE#A and UE#B listen to / decode / receive the same / common 1st DCI. Figure 6 Specifically, the UE#A listens for / decodes / receives the first DCI.

[0243] exist Figure 6 In the example shown, after receiving the first DCI containing beam indication information for UE#A, UE#A receives the first DCI containing beam indication information for UE#B. Therefore, UE#A suspends / drops the transmission of the PUSCH for applying beam#A.

[0244] Alternatively, implementation method 2b can also be applied when the priority of other UEs' DL channel reception / UL channel transmission is higher than the priority of its own DL channel reception / UL channel transmission.

[0245] Implementation Method 2b'

[0246] If the beam applied to the DL channel / UL channel (first beam) based on the beam indication information contained in the received first DCI / (self-oriented) second DCI is different from the beam applied to the DL channel / UL channel of other UEs in the same time resources as the DL channel / UL channel (second beam), the UE can also determine that the first beam is applied to the transmission / reception of the scheduled DL channel / UL channel.

[0247] In other words, a UE can also ignore beam indication information directed at other UEs received after receiving beam indication information directed at itself.

[0248] Furthermore, if the beam applied to the DL channel / UL channel (first beam) based on the beam indication information contained in the received first DCI / (self-oriented) second DCI is different from the beam applied to the DL channel / UL channel of other UEs (second beam) existing in the same time resources as the DL channel / UL channel, the UE can also determine that the second beam is applied to the transmission / reception of the scheduled DL channel / UL channel.

[0249] In other words, a UE can also change / update a beam based on its own beam indication information to a beam based on beam indication information received after receiving the beam indication information and directed towards other UEs.

[0250] Furthermore, if the beam applied to the DL / UL channel (first beam) based on the received beam indication information for other UEs is different from the beam applied to the scheduled DL / UL channel (second beam) which exists in the same time resources as the DL / UL channel, the UE may also determine that it will not transmit / receive the scheduled DL / UL channel.

[0251] Furthermore, if the beam applied to the DL / UL channel (first beam) based on received beam indication information for other UEs is different from the beam applied to the DL / UL channel that is scheduled in the same time resources as the DL / UL channel (second beam), the UE can also determine that the first beam is applied to the transmission / reception of the scheduled DL / UL channel.

[0252] In other words, the UE can also ignore the beam indication information received after receiving the beam indication information directed to other UEs.

[0253] Furthermore, if the beam applied to the DL / UL channel (first beam) based on received beam indication information for other UEs is different from the beam applied to the DL / UL channel that is scheduled in the same time resources as the DL / UL channel (second beam), the UE can also determine that the second beam is applied to the transmission / reception of the scheduled DL / UL channel.

[0254] In other words, a UE can also change / update a beam based on beam indication information directed to other UEs to a beam based on beam indication information (directed to itself) received after receiving beam indication information directed to other UEs.

[0255] Additionally, implementation 2b' can also be applied when the application beam indicated when the DL channel / UL channel facing itself is scheduled satisfies a specific relationship / condition with the beam based on beam indication information facing other UEs.

[0256] This specific relationship / condition can also include the application beam indicated when the DL / UL channel facing itself is scheduled, and the beam based on the beam indication information facing other UEs, in a pre-set / specified beam combination.

[0257] This specific relationship / condition can also be a case where the quality of the beam related to the beam indication information for other UEs is above (or greater than) / below (or less than) a specific threshold.

[0258] If the specific relationship / condition is not met, the UE may also suspend / discard the transmission / reception of the scheduled DL channel / UL channel.

[0259] According to implementation method 2b / 2b', the beam applied to the scheduled DL / UL channel can be appropriately determined.

[0260] Implementation Method 2c

[0261] Even if the UE does not receive beam indication information for other UEs, it can still determine the beam applied to the DL channel / UL channel based on the beam indication information contained in the 1st DCI / 2nd DCI.

[0262] For example, if the UE performs at least one operation corresponding to the one described in Implementation 2a above, and does not receive beam indication information for other UEs, it can also determine the beam applied to the DL channel / UL channel based on the beam indication information contained in the first DCI / second DCI.

[0263] According to implementation method 2c, even without receiving beam indication information for other UEs, it is possible to appropriately determine the beam applied to the DL channel / UL channel.

[0264] Implementation Method 2d

[0265] The PDSCH involved in the second embodiment may, for example, be a PDSCH sent in a periodic resource.

[0266] The PDSCH sent in this periodic resource can be, for example, at least one of SPS PDSCH and PDSCH repetition.

[0267] The PUSCH involved in the second embodiment may, for example, be a PUSCH sent in a periodic resource.

[0268] The PUSCH sent in this periodic resource can be, for example, at least one of CG PUSCH or a repetition of PUSCH.

[0269] If a portion of the periodic resources associated with its own scheduled PDSCH / PUSCH is included in the time resources of other UEs' scheduled PDSCH / PUSCH, the UE may apply implementation method 2b (or 2b') for that portion of resources.

[0270] According to implementation method 2d, the beam applied to the channel that uses periodic resources for transmission and reception can be appropriately determined.

[0271] Variations of the second embodiment

[0272] The 2-stage DCI (the structure of the 2-stage DCI) in cell x can also be used for purposes other than beam indication information notification.

[0273] For example, the UE can also use a two-stage DCI (first DCI / second DCI) to be indicated / notified which signal / channel resources are used for which PLMN.

[0274] For example, a UE can also use a two-stage DCI (first DCI / second DCI) to be indicated / notified which PLMN (PLMN-affiliated) UE is multicasting / broadcasting with.

[0275] For example, the UE can also use two-stage DCI (first DCI / second DCI) to receive information related to the cancellation of scheduled resources. For instance, if the UE detects an overlap between a resource already scheduled for itself and a resource scheduled for another PLMN, it can use two-stage DCI to assume / determine that the scheduled resource has been cancelled.

[0276] <Variations of the first / second implementation>

[0277] The above-described implementation methods can also be applied / executed at specific times / periods.

[0278] This specific time / period can be either a pre-set / notified time / period or determined based on a timer.

[0279] The UE may also envision / determine that, outside of that specific time / period, a beam is applied based on beam indication information directed to the scheduled DL / UL channel.

[0280] <Supplement>

[0281] [Notification of information to the UE]

[0282] The notification of any information from the Network (NW) (e.g., Base Station (BS)) to the UE in the above embodiments (in other words, the reception of any information from the BS in the UE) can also be performed using physical layer signaling (e.g., DCI), higher layer signaling (e.g., RRC signaling, MAC CE), specific signals / channels (e.g., PDCCH, PDSCH, reference signals), or combinations thereof.

[0283] In the case where the above notification is made through a MAC CE, the MAC CE can also be identified by including a new Logical Channel ID (LCID) in the MAC subheader that is not specified in the existing standard.

[0284] When the above notification is made through a DCI, the notification can be made through specific fields of the DCI, the Radio Network Temporary Identifier (RNTI) scrambled with Cyclic Redundancy Check (CRC) bits attached to the DCI, the format of the DCI, etc.

[0285] Furthermore, the notification of any information to the UE in the above embodiments can also be carried out periodically, semi-persistently, or non-periodically.

[0286] [Notification from UE]

[0287] The notification of any information from the UE (to the NW) in the above embodiments (in other words, the transmission / reporting of any information from the UE to the BS) can also be performed using physical layer signaling (e.g., UCI), higher layer signaling (e.g., RRC signaling, MAC CE), specific signals / channels (e.g., PUCCH, PUSCH, PRACH, reference signals), or combinations thereof.

[0288] In the case where the above notification is made via MAC CE, the MAC CE can also be identified by including a new LCID not specified in the existing standard in the MAC subheader.

[0289] In cases where the above notification is sent via UCI, the notification may also be sent using PUCCH or PUSCH.

[0290] Furthermore, the notification of any information from the UE in the above embodiments can be performed periodically, semi-persistently, or non-periodically.

[0291] [Application of each implementation method]

[0292] At least one of the above implementation methods can also be applied under certain conditions. These specific conditions can be specified in the standard or notified to the UE / BS using higher-layer signaling / physical-layer signaling.

[0293] The specific conditions mentioned above can represent at least one of the following:

[0294] - Operation is performed in FR3. FR3 can be all or part of the 7125-24250 MHz range.

[0295] - Operation is performed in FRx. FRx can be all or part of the range above 71 GHz.

[0296] At least one of the above implementation methods can be applied only to UEs that have reported a specific UE capability or support that specific UE capability.

[0297] This specific UE capability can represent at least one of the following:

[0298] - Supports at least one specific processing / operation / control / information related to the above implementation method.

[0299] - Supports connections to cell x.

[0300] - Supports (analog) beamforming in cell x.

[0301] - Supports scheduling based on 2-stage DCI.

[0302] Furthermore, the aforementioned specific UE capabilities can be capabilities that apply across the entire frequency spectrum (frequency-independently), capabilities that apply to each frequency (e.g., one or a combination of cells, bands, band combinations, BWPs, component carriers, etc.), capabilities that apply to each frequency range (e.g., Frequency Range 1 (FR1), FR2, FR3, FR4, FR5, FR2-1, FR2-2), capabilities that apply to each subcarrier spacing (SCS), or capabilities that apply to each feature set (FS) or feature set per component-carrier (FSPC).

[0303] Furthermore, the aforementioned specific UE capabilities can be either the ability to apply across full-duplex modes (common regardless of duplex mode) or the capability for each duplex mode (e.g., Time Division Duplex (TDD) and Frequency Division Duplex (FDD)).

[0304] Furthermore, the aforementioned specific UE capabilities can be defined as either mandatory functions without accompanying UE capability signaling, or mandatory functions accompanied by UE capability signaling. Additionally, the aforementioned specific UE capabilities can be defined as either optional functions without accompanying UE capability signaling, or optional functions accompanied by UE capability signaling.

[0305] Furthermore, at least one of the above embodiments can also be applied when the UE is set / activated / triggered by specific information related to the above embodiments (or the operation of the above embodiments is performed) via higher-layer signaling / physical layer signaling. This specific information can represent at least one of the following:

[0306] - Information indicating whether the operation of the above implementation method is enabled / disabled (activated / deactivated).

[0307] - RRC parameters for a specific version (e.g., Rel.18 / 19 / 20 / 21). These RRC parameters can also have names appended with "r18" / "r19" / "r20" / "r21" to the name of an existing RRC parameter.

[0308] Even if the UE does not support at least one of the above-mentioned specific UE capabilities or the above-mentioned specific information is not set, operations such as Rel.15 / 16 / 17 / 18 / 19 can still be applied.

[0309] (Postscript)

[0310] With respect to one embodiment of this disclosure, the following invention is noted.

[0311] [Postscript 1]

[0312] A terminal having:

[0313] The receiving unit receives at least one of a first indication common to multiple operators, used for beam indication, and a second indication used for beam indication and scheduling of specific channels; and

[0314] The control unit determines the beam to be applied in the specific channel based on the reception timing indicated by the first instruction and the reception timing indicated by the second instruction.

[0315] [Postscript 2]

[0316] The terminal as described in Appendix 1, wherein,

[0317] If the first instruction is received after the second instruction, and the beam based on the first instruction is different from the beam based on the second instruction, the control unit determines that it will not transmit or receive on the specific channel.

[0318] [Postscript 3]

[0319] The terminal as described in Appendix 1 or Appendix 2, wherein,

[0320] If the first instruction is not received, the control unit will apply the beam based on the second instruction to the specific channel.

[0321] [Postscript 4]

[0322] The terminal as described in any one of Annexes 1 to 3, wherein,

[0323] The first indication is downlink control information common to multiple operators, and the second indication is terminal-specific downlink control information.

[0324] (Wireless communication system)

[0325] The structure of a wireless communication system according to one embodiment of this disclosure will now be described. In this wireless communication system, communication is performed using any one or a combination of the wireless communication methods according to the above embodiments of this disclosure.

[0326] Figure 7 This is a diagram illustrating an example of the schematic structure of a wireless communication system according to one embodiment. The wireless communication system 1 (or simply system 1) may also be a system that uses Long Term Evolution (LTE) or 5th generation mobile communication system New Radio (5G NR) as standardized through the Third Generation Partnership Project (3GPP) to achieve communication.

[0327] Furthermore, the wireless communication system 1 can also support dual connectivity between multiple radio access technologies (RATs) (Multi-RAT Dual Connectivity (MR-DC)). MR-DC can also include dual connectivity between LTE (Evolved Universal Terrestrial Radio Access (E-UTRA)) and NR (E-UTRA-NR Dual Connectivity (EN-DC)), dual connectivity between NR and LTE (NR-E-UTRA Dual Connectivity (NE-DC)), etc.

[0328] In EN-DC, the LTE (E-UTRA) base station (eNB) is the Master Node (MN), and the NR base station (gNB) is the Secondary Node (SN). In NE-DC, the NR base station (gNB) is the MN, and the LTE (E-UTRA) base station (eNB) is the SN.

[0329] Wireless communication system 1 can also support dual connectivity between multiple base stations within the same RAT (e.g., MN and SN are dual connectivity between NR base stations (gNB) (NR-NR Dual Connectivity (NN-DC))).

[0330] The wireless communication system 1 may also include a base station 11 forming a macro cell C1 with a relatively wide coverage area, and a base station 12 (12a-12c) configured within the macro cell C1 and forming a small cell C2 narrower than the macro cell C1. The user terminal 20 may also be located within at least one cell. The configuration and number of each cell and the user terminal 20 are not limited to the arrangement shown in the figure. Hereinafter, without distinguishing between base stations 11 and 12, they will be collectively referred to as base station 10.

[0331] User terminal 20 may also connect to at least one of multiple base stations 10. User terminal 20 may also utilize at least one of carrier aggregation (CA) using multiple component carriers (CC) and dual connectivity (DC).

[0332] Each CC can also be included in at least one of the first frequency band (Frequency Range 1 (FR1)) and the second frequency band (Frequency Range 2 (FR2)). Macro cell C1 can also be included in FR1, and small cell C2 can also be included in FR2. For example, FR1 can also be a frequency band below 6 GHz (sub-6 GHz), and FR2 can also be a frequency band above 24 GHz (above-24 GHz). In addition, the frequency bands, definitions, etc. of FR1 and FR2 are not limited to these; for example, FR1 can also be equivalent to a frequency band higher than FR2.

[0333] In addition, in each CC, the user terminal 20 may also use at least one of Time Division Duplex (TDD) and Frequency Division Duplex (FDD) for communication.

[0334] Multiple base stations 10 can also be connected via wired (e.g., fiber optic, X2 interface, etc. based on Common Public Radio Interface (CPRI)) or wireless (e.g., NR communication). For example, when NR communication between base stations 11 and 12 is used as a backhaul, base station 11, which is equivalent to a host station, can also be referred to as an Integrated Access Backhaul (IAB) donor, and base station 12, which is equivalent to a relay station, can also be referred to as an IAB node.

[0335] Base station 10 may also be connected to core network 30 via other base stations 10 or directly. Core network 30 may include, for example, at least one of Evolved Packet Core (EPC), 5G Core Network (5GCN), Next Generation Core (NGC), etc.

[0336] The core network 30 may also include network functions (NFs) such as User Plane Function (UPF), Access and Mobility Management Function (AMF), Session Management Function (SMF), Unified Data Management (UDM), Application Function (AF), Data Network (DN), Location Management Function (LMF), and Operation, Administration and Maintenance (Management) (OAM). Furthermore, multiple functions can be provided through a single network node. Additionally, communication with external networks (e.g., networks) can also be achieved via the DN.

[0337] User terminal 20 can also be a terminal that supports at least one of the following communication methods: LTE, LTE-A, 5G, etc.

[0338] In wireless communication system 1, wireless access methods based on Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing (OFDM) can also be used. For example, in at least one of the downlink (DL) and uplink (UL) links, Cyclic Prefix OFDM (CP-OFDM), Discrete Fourier Transform Spread OFDM (DFT-s-OFDM), Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiple Access (OFDMA), and Single Carrier Frequency Division Multiple Access (SC-FDMA) can also be used.

[0339] The wireless access method can also be referred to as a waveform. In addition, in the wireless communication system 1, other wireless access methods (e.g., other single-carrier transmission methods, other multi-carrier transmission methods) can also be used in the wireless access methods of UL and DL.

[0340] As a downlink channel, the wireless communication system 1 can also use downlink shared channels (Physical Downlink Shared Channel (PDSCH)), broadcast channels (Physical Broadcast Channel (PBCH)), downlink control channels (Physical Downlink Control Channel (PDCCH)) and so on, which are shared among the user terminals 20.

[0341] In addition, as uplink channels, the wireless communication system 1 may also use uplink shared channels (Physical Uplink Shared Channel (PUSCH)), uplink control channels (Physical Uplink Control Channel (PUCCH)), random access channels (Physical Random Access Channel (PRACH)) and so on, which are shared by each user terminal 20.

[0342] User data, high-level control information, and System Information Blocks (SIBs) are transmitted via the PDSCH. User data and high-level control information can also be transmitted via the PUSCH. In addition, the Master Information Block (MIB) can also be transmitted via the PBCH.

[0343] Lower-layer control information can also be transmitted via PDCCH. Lower-layer control information may include, for example, downlink control information (DCI), which includes scheduling information for at least one of PDSCH and PUSCH.

[0344] Additionally, the DCI that schedules PDSCH can also be called DL allocation, DL DCI, etc., and the DCI that schedules PUSCH can also be called UL authorization, UL DCI, etc. Furthermore, PDSCH can be rewritten as DL data, and PUSCH can be rewritten as UL data.

[0345] In PDCCH detection, a Control Resource Set (CORESET) and a search space can also be utilized. A CORESET corresponds to the resources used to search for DCIs. The search space corresponds to the search area and search method for PDCCH candidates. A CORESET can also be associated with one or more search spaces. The UE can also monitor CORESETs associated with a specific search space based on search space settings.

[0346] A search space can also correspond to one or more PDCCH candidates equivalent to one or more aggregation levels. One or more search spaces can also be referred to as a search space set. In addition, the terms "search space", "search space set", "search space setting", "search space set setting", "CORESET", and "CORESET setting" in this disclosure can be rewritten interchangeably.

[0347] The PUCCH can also transmit uplink control information (uplink control information (UCI)) that includes at least one of the following: Channel State Information (CSI), delivery confirmation information (e.g., also known as Hybrid Automatic Repeat Request ACK Knowledge (HARQ-ACK), ACK / NACK, etc.), and Scheduling Request (SR). The PRACH can also transmit random access preambles used for establishing connections with the cell.

[0348] In addition, in this disclosure, downlink, uplink, etc., can also be described without the word "link". Furthermore, they can also be described without the word "physical" at the beginning of various channels.

[0349] In wireless communication system 1, synchronization signals (SS) and downlink reference signals (DL-RS) can also be transmitted. As DL-RS, wireless communication system 1 can also transmit cell-specific reference signals (CRS), channel state information reference signals (CSI-RS), demodulation reference signals (DMRS), positioning reference signals (PRS), phase tracking reference signals (PTRS), etc.

[0350] Synchronization signals can be, for example, at least one of a primary synchronization signal (PSS) and a secondary synchronization signal (SSS). A signal block containing SS (PSS, SSS) and PBCH (and DMRS for PBCH) can also be called an SS / PBCH block, SS block (SSB), etc. In addition, SS, SSB, etc. can also be called reference signals.

[0351] Furthermore, in wireless communication system 1, the uplink reference signal (UL-RS) can also transmit measurement reference signals (sounding reference signals (SRS)) and demodulation reference signals (DMRS). Additionally, DMRS can also be referred to as user terminal-specific reference signals (UE-specific reference signals).

[0352] (Base station)

[0353] Figure 8 This diagram illustrates an example of the structure of a base station according to one embodiment. The base station 10 includes a control unit 110, a transmit / receive unit 120, a transmit / receive antenna 130, and a transmission path interface (transmission line interface) 140. Alternatively, the control unit 110, the transmit / receive unit 120, the transmit / receive antenna 130, and the transmission path interface 140 may each be provided in more than one manner.

[0354] Furthermore, while this example primarily illustrates the functional blocks of the characteristic portions of this embodiment, it is also conceivable that the base station 10 may also have other functional blocks required for wireless communication. Some of the processing of each unit described below may also be omitted.

[0355] The control unit 110 performs overall control of the base station 10. The control unit 110 can be composed of a controller, control circuit, etc., which are described based on common knowledge in the art to which this disclosure pertains.

[0356] The control unit 110 can also control signal generation and scheduling (e.g., resource allocation, mapping). The control unit 110 can also control transmission, reception, and measurement using the transmit / receive unit 120, transmit / receive antenna 130, and transmission path interface 140. The control unit 110 can also generate data, control information, sequences, etc., to be transmitted as signals and forward them to the transmit / receive unit 120. The control unit 110 can also perform call processing (setting, releasing, etc.) of the communication channel, status management of the base station 10, and management of wireless resources.

[0357] The transmitting / receiving unit 120 may also include a baseband unit 121, a radio frequency (RF) unit 122, and a measurement unit 123. The baseband unit 121 may also include a transmitting processing unit 1211 and a receiving processing unit 1212. The transmitting / receiving unit 120 may be composed of transmitters / receivers, RF circuits, baseband circuits, filters, phase shifters, measurement circuits, transmitting / receiving circuits, etc., as described based on common knowledge in the art to which this disclosure pertains.

[0358] The transmitting and receiving unit 120 can be configured as a single integrated transmitting and receiving unit, or it can be composed of a transmitting unit and a receiving unit. The transmitting unit can also be composed of a transmitting processing unit 1211 and an RF unit 122. The receiving unit can also be composed of a receiving processing unit 1212, an RF unit 122, and a measurement unit 123.

[0359] The transmitting and receiving antenna 130 can be constructed from an antenna, such as an array antenna, as described based on common knowledge in the art to which this disclosure pertains.

[0360] The transmitting / receiving unit 120 can also transmit the aforementioned downlink channel, synchronization signal, downlink reference signal, etc. The transmitting / receiving unit 120 can also receive the aforementioned uplink channel, uplink reference signal, etc.

[0361] The transmitting and receiving unit 120 may also use digital beamforming (e.g., precoding), analog beamforming (e.g., phase rotation), etc. to form at least one of the transmitting beam and the receiving beam.

[0362] The transmitting and receiving unit 120 (transmitting processing unit 1211) may, for example, process the data and control information obtained from the control unit 110 through the Packet Data Convergence Protocol (PDCP) layer, the Radio Link Control (RLC) layer (e.g., RLC retransmission control), and the Medium Access Control (MAC) layer (e.g., HARQ retransmission control) to generate the bit string to be transmitted.

[0363] The transmitting and receiving unit 120 (transmitting processing unit 1211) can also perform channel coding (which may include error correction coding), modulation, mapping, filter processing (filtering processing), Discrete Fourier Transform (DFT) processing (as needed), Inverse Fast Fourier Transform (IFFT) processing, precoding, digital-to-analog conversion, and other transmission processing on the bit string to be transmitted, and output the baseband signal.

[0364] The transmitting and receiving unit 120 (RF unit 122) can also perform modulation, filtering, amplification, etc. on the baseband signal to the wireless frequency band, and transmit the wireless frequency band signal through the transmitting and receiving antenna 130.

[0365] On the other hand, the transmitting and receiving unit 120 (RF unit 122) can also amplify, filter (filter) and demodulate the baseband signal received by the transmitting and receiving antenna 130 in the wireless frequency band.

[0366] The transmitting and receiving unit 120 (receiving and processing unit 1212) can also perform receiving and processing on the acquired baseband signal, including analog-to-digital conversion, Fast Fourier Transform (FFT) processing, Inverse Discrete Fourier Transform (IDFT) processing (as needed), filter processing, demapping, demodulation, decoding (which may also include error correction decoding), MAC layer processing, RLC layer processing, and PDCP layer processing, and acquire user data, etc.

[0367] The transmitting / receiving unit 120 (measurement unit 123) can also perform measurements related to the received signal. For example, the measurement unit 123 can also perform radio resource management (RRM) measurements, channel state information (CSI) measurements, etc., based on the received signal. The measurement unit 123 can also measure received power (e.g., reference signal received power (RSRP)), received quality (e.g., reference signal received quality (RSRQ), signal to interference plus noise ratio (SINR), signal to noise ratio (SNR)), signal strength (e.g., received signal strength indicator (RSSI)), propagation path information (e.g., CSI), etc.). The measurement results can also be output to the control unit 110.

[0368] The transmission path interface 140 can also transmit and receive signals (backhaul signaling) between the device included in the core network 30 (e.g., a network node providing NF), other base stations 10, etc., and acquire and transmit user data (user plane data), control plane data, etc. for the user terminal 20.

[0369] In addition, the transmitting unit and receiving unit of the base station 10 in this disclosure may also be composed of at least one of a transmitting / receiving unit 120, a transmitting / receiving antenna 130, and a transmission path interface 140.

[0370] The transmitting and receiving unit 120 may also transmit at least one of a first indication common to multiple operators, at least for beam indication, and a second indication for beam indication and scheduling of a specific channel. The control unit 110 may also use the receiving timing of the first indication and the receiving timing of the second indication to indicate the beam applied in the specific channel (first / second embodiment).

[0371] (User terminal)

[0372] Figure 9This diagram illustrates an example of the structure of a user terminal according to one embodiment. The user terminal 20 includes a control unit 210, a transmitting / receiving unit 220, and a transmitting / receiving antenna 230. Alternatively, the control unit 210, the transmitting / receiving unit 220, and the transmitting / receiving antenna 230 may each be provided as one or more.

[0373] Furthermore, while this example primarily illustrates the functional blocks of the characteristic portions of this embodiment, it is also conceivable that the user terminal 20 may also have other functional blocks required for wireless communication. Some of the processing of each unit described below may also be omitted.

[0374] The control unit 210 performs overall control of the user terminal 20. The control unit 210 can be composed of a controller, control circuit, etc., which are described based on common knowledge in the technical field to which this disclosure pertains.

[0375] The control unit 210 can also control signal generation, mapping, etc. The control unit 210 can also control transmission, reception, measurement, etc., using the transmission / reception unit 220 and the transmission / reception antenna 230. The control unit 210 can also generate data, control information, sequences, etc., to be transmitted as signals and forward them to the transmission / reception unit 220.

[0376] The transmitting / receiving unit 220 may also include a baseband unit 221, an RF unit 222, and a measurement unit 223. The baseband unit 221 may also include a transmitting processing unit 2211 and a receiving processing unit 2212. The transmitting / receiving unit 220 may be composed of transmitters / receivers, RF circuits, baseband circuits, filters, phase shifters, measurement circuits, transmitting / receiving circuits, etc., as described based on common knowledge in the art to which this disclosure pertains.

[0377] The transmitting and receiving unit 220 can be configured as a single integrated transmitting and receiving unit, or it can be composed of a transmitting unit and a receiving unit. The transmitting unit can also be composed of a transmitting processing unit 2211 and an RF unit 222. The receiving unit can also be composed of a receiving processing unit 2212, an RF unit 222, and a measurement unit 223.

[0378] The transmitting and receiving antenna 230 can be constructed from an antenna, such as an array antenna, as described based on common knowledge in the art to which this disclosure pertains.

[0379] The transmitting / receiving unit 220 can also receive the downlink channel, synchronization signal, downlink reference signal, etc., mentioned above. The transmitting / receiving unit 220 can also transmit the uplink channel, uplink reference signal, etc., mentioned above.

[0380] The transmitting and receiving unit 220 may also use digital beamforming (e.g., precoding), analog beamforming (e.g., phase rotation), etc. to form at least one of the transmitting beam and the receiving beam.

[0381] The transmitting and receiving unit 220 (transmitting processing unit 2211) may, for example, perform PDCP layer processing, RLC layer processing (e.g., RLC retransmission control), MAC layer processing (e.g., HARQ retransmission control) on the data and control information obtained from the control unit 210, and generate a bit string to be transmitted.

[0382] The transmitting and receiving unit 220 (transmitting processing unit 2211) can also perform channel coding (which may include error correction coding), modulation, mapping, filter processing (filtering processing), DFT processing (as needed), IFFT processing, precoding, digital-to-analog conversion and other transmission processing on the bit string to be transmitted, and output the baseband signal.

[0383] Furthermore, whether or not to apply DFT processing can be based on the settings of transform precoding. For a certain channel (e.g., PUSCH), if transform precoding is enabled, the transmit / receive unit 220 (transmit processing unit 2211) can perform DFT processing as described above in order to transmit the channel using the DFT-s-OFDM waveform; otherwise, the transmit / receive unit 220 (transmit processing unit 2211) can perform DFT processing as described above without performing DFT processing.

[0384] The transmitting and receiving unit 220 (RF unit 222) can also perform modulation, filtering (filtering), amplification, etc. on the baseband signal to the wireless frequency band, and transmit the wireless frequency band signal through the transmitting and receiving antenna 230.

[0385] On the other hand, the transmitting and receiving unit 220 (RF unit 222) can also amplify, filter (filter) and demodulate the baseband signal received by the wireless frequency band through the transmitting and receiving antenna 230.

[0386] The transmitting and receiving unit 220 (receiving and processing unit 2212) can also perform receiving and processing on the acquired baseband signal, such as analog-to-digital conversion, FFT processing, IDFT processing (as needed), filter processing, demapping, demodulation, decoding (which may also include error correction decoding), MAC layer processing, RLC layer processing, and PDCP layer processing, and acquire user data.

[0387] The transmitting / receiving unit 220 (measurement unit 223) can also perform measurements related to the received signal. For example, the measurement unit 223 can also perform RRM measurements, CSI measurements, etc., based on the received signal. The measurement unit 223 can also measure received power (e.g., RSRP), received quality (e.g., RSRQ, SINR, SNR), signal strength (e.g., RSSI), propagation path information (e.g., CSI), etc. The measurement results can also be output to the control unit 210.

[0388] Additionally, the measurement unit 223 can also derive channel measurements for CSI calculation based on channel measurement resources. Channel measurement resources can be, for example, non-zero power (NZP) CSI-RS resources. Furthermore, the measurement unit 223 can also derive interference measurements for CSI calculation based on interference measurement resources. Interference measurement resources can be at least one of NZP CSI-RS resources for interference measurement, CSI-Interference Measurement (IM) resources, etc. Furthermore, CSI-IM can be referred to as CSI-Interference Management (IM) or interchangeably with zero power (ZP) CSI-RS. Additionally, in this disclosure, CSI-RS, NZP CSI-RS, ZP CSI-RS, CSI-IM, CSI-SSB, etc., can also be interchanged.

[0389] Alternatively, the transmitting and receiving units of the user terminal 20 in this disclosure may also be composed of at least one transmitting / receiving unit 220 and transmitting / receiving antenna 230.

[0390] The transmitting and receiving unit 220 may also receive at least one of a first indication common to multiple operators, which is at least used for beam indication, and a second indication used for beam indication and scheduling of a specific channel. The control unit 210 may also determine the beam to be applied in the specific channel based on the receiving timing of the first indication and the receiving timing of the second indication (first / second embodiment).

[0391] If the first instruction is received after the second instruction is received, and the beam based on the first instruction is different from the beam based on the second instruction, the control unit 210 may also determine that the transmission and reception of the specific channel will not be performed (first embodiment).

[0392] Even without receiving the first instruction, the control unit 210 may also apply the beam based on the second instruction to the specific channel (first embodiment).

[0393] The first instruction can also be downlink control information common to multiple operators. The second instruction can also be terminal-specific downlink control information (second embodiment).

[0394] (Hardware structure)

[0395] Furthermore, the block diagrams used in the description of the above embodiments illustrate functional units. These functional blocks (structural units) are implemented through any combination of at least one of hardware and software. Moreover, the implementation method of each functional block is not particularly limited. That is, each functional block can be implemented using a single device that is physically or logically combined, or it can be implemented by directly or indirectly (e.g., using wired, wireless, etc.) connecting two or more physically or logically separate devices. A functional block can also be implemented by combining the aforementioned single device or multiple devices with software.

[0396] Here, the functions include judgment, decision, determination, calculation, calculation, processing, export, investigation, search, confirmation, receiving, sending, output, access, resolution, selection, selection, establishment, comparison, assumption, expectation, regard as, broadcasting, notifying, communicating, forwarding, configuring, reconfiguring, allocating, mapping, and assigning, but are not limited to these. For example, a functional block (structural unit) that implements the sending function can also be called a transmitting unit, transmitter, etc. Each of these, as described above, is not particularly limited in its implementation method.

[0397] For example, in one embodiment of this disclosure, the base station, user terminal, etc., can also function as a computer for processing the wireless communication method of this disclosure. Figure 10 This diagram illustrates an example of the hardware structure of a base station and a user terminal according to one embodiment. The base station 10 and the user terminal 20 described above can also be physically configured as a computer device including a processor 1001, a memory 1002, a storage device 1003, a communication device 1004, an input device 1005, an output device 1006, a bus 1007, etc.

[0398] Furthermore, in this disclosure, terms such as apparatus, circuit, device, section, and unit can be interchanged. The hardware structure of base station 10 and user terminal 20 can be configured to include one or more of the apparatuses shown in the figures, or it can be configured not to include some of the apparatuses.

[0399] For example, only one processor 1001 is shown, but there can be multiple processors. Furthermore, processing can be performed by one processor, or simultaneously, sequentially, or by two or more processors using other methods. Additionally, processor 1001 can be implemented using more than one chip.

[0400] The functions of the base station 10 and the user terminal 20 are implemented, for example, by reading specific software (programs) into hardware such as the processor 1001 and the memory 1002, so that the processor 1001 performs calculations and controls communication via the communication device 1004, or controls at least one of reading and writing data in the memory 1002 and the storage device 1003.

[0401] The processor 1001 enables the operating system to operate and control the computer as a whole. The processor 1001 may also be a central processing unit (CPU) that includes interfaces with peripheral devices, control devices, arithmetic devices, registers, etc. For example, at least a portion of the control unit 110 (210), the transmit / receive unit 120 (220), etc., described above may also be implemented by the processor 1001.

[0402] Furthermore, the processor 1001 reads programs (program code), software modules, data, etc., from at least one of the storage 1003 and the communication device 1004 into the memory 1002, and performs various processes accordingly. As a program, a program that causes the computer to perform at least a portion of the operations described in the above embodiments can be used. For example, the control unit 110 (210) can also be implemented by a control program stored in the memory 1002 and operable in the processor 1001; similar implementations can be made for other functional blocks.

[0403] The memory 1002 may also be a computer-readable recording medium, such as being composed of at least one of a read-only memory (ROM), an erasable programmable read-only memory (EPROM), an electrically erasable programmable read-only memory (EEPROM), a random access memory (RAM), or other suitable storage media. The memory 1002 may also be referred to as a register, cache, main memory (main storage device), etc. The memory 1002 is capable of storing executable programs (program code), software modules, etc., for implementing the wireless communication method according to an embodiment of this disclosure.

[0404] Storage device 1003 may also be a computer-readable recording medium, such as a flexible disc, floppy disk, optical disk (e.g., compact disc ROM, CD-ROM), digital multifunction disk, Blu-ray disc, removable disk, hard disk, smart card, flash memory device (e.g., card, stick, key drive), magnetic stripe, database, server, or at least one other suitable storage medium. Storage device 1003 may also be referred to as an auxiliary storage device.

[0405] The communication device 1004 is hardware (transmitting and receiving device) used for communication between computers via at least one of a wired network and a wireless network, and is also referred to as a network device, network controller, network interface card (NIC), communication module, etc. To implement at least one of, for example, Frequency Division Duplex (FDD) and Time Division Duplex (TDD), the communication device 1004 may also be configured to include a high-frequency switch, a duplexer, a filter, a frequency synthesizer, etc. For example, the aforementioned transmitting and receiving unit 120 (220) and transmitting and receiving antenna 130 (230) may also be implemented by the communication device 1004. The transmitting and receiving unit 120 (220) may also be physically or logically separated by a transmitting unit 120a (220a) and a receiving unit 120b (220b).

[0406] Input device 1005 is an input device that receives input from external sources (e.g., keyboard, mouse, microphone, switch, button, sensor, etc.). Output device 1006 is an output device that performs output to external sources (e.g., display, speaker, light-emitting diode (LED) lamp, etc.). Alternatively, input device 1005 and output device 1006 can also be an integrated structure (e.g., a touch panel).

[0407] Furthermore, the processor 1001, memory 1002, and other devices are connected via a bus 1007 for communicating information. The bus 1007 can be configured as a single bus or as different buses between the devices.

[0408] Furthermore, the base station 10 and the user terminal 20 can also be configured to include hardware such as a microprocessor, a digital signal processor (DSP), an application-specific integrated circuit (ASIC), a programmable logic device (PLD), or a field-programmable gate array (FPGA), and can also use this hardware to implement part or all of the functional blocks. For example, the processor 1001 can also be implemented using at least one of these hardware components.

[0409] (Modified example)

[0410] Furthermore, the terms described in this disclosure, as well as those necessary for understanding this disclosure, may be replaced with terms that have the same or similar meanings. For example, channel, symbol, and signal (signal or signaling) may be interchanged. Additionally, a signal may also be a message. A reference signal may also be abbreviated as RS, and may be referred to as pilot, pilot signal, etc., depending on the applied standard. Furthermore, a component carrier (CC) may also be referred to as cell, frequency carrier, carrier frequency, etc.

[0411] A radio frame can also be composed of one or more periods (frames) in the time domain. Each of these periods (frames) that constitute a radio frame can also be called a subframe. Furthermore, a subframe can also be composed of one or more time slots in the time domain. A subframe can also be a fixed time length (e.g., 1 ms) independent of the parameter set (numerology).

[0412] Here, the parameter set can also be communication parameters applied in at least one of the transmission and reception of a signal or channel. For example, the parameter set can also represent at least one of the following: subcarrier spacing (SCS), bandwidth, symbol length, cyclic prefix length, transmission time interval (TTI), number of symbols per TTI, radio frame structure, specific filtering processing performed by the transmitter and receiver in the frequency domain, and specific windowing processing performed by the transmitter and receiver in the time domain.

[0413] In the time domain, a time slot can also be composed of one or more symbols (Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing (OFDM) symbols, Single Carrier Frequency Division Multiple Access (SC-FDMA) symbols, etc.). In addition, a time slot can also be a time unit based on a set of parameters.

[0414] A time slot can also contain multiple mini-time slots. Each mini-time slot can also consist of one or more symbols in the time domain. Furthermore, a mini-time slot can also be called a sub-time slot. A mini-time slot can also consist of fewer symbols than a time slot. A PDSCH (or PUSCH) transmitted in a time unit larger than a mini-time slot can also be called PDSCH (PUSCH) mapping type A. A PDSCH (or PUSCH) transmitted using mini-time slots can also be called PDSCH (PUSCH) mapping type B.

[0415] Radio frames, subframes, time slots, mini-time slots, and symbols all represent time units for transmitting signals. Radio frames, subframes, time slots, mini-time slots, and symbols can also use their respective other names. Furthermore, the time units such as frames, subframes, time slots, mini-time slots, and symbols in this disclosure can be interchanged.

[0416] For example, a subframe can also be called a TTI, multiple consecutive subframes can also be called a TTI, and a time slot or a mini-time slot can also be called a TTI. That is, at least one of a subframe and a TTI can be a subframe in existing LTE (1ms), a period shorter than 1ms (e.g., 1-13 symbols), or a period longer than 1ms. In addition, the unit representing TTI may not be called a subframe, but rather a time slot, mini-time slot, etc.

[0417] Here, TTI refers, for example, to the smallest unit of time for scheduling in wireless communication. For instance, in an LTE system, the base station schedules radio resources (frequency bandwidth, transmit power, etc., available to each user terminal) in TTI units. However, the definition of TTI is not limited to this.

[0418] TTI can also be a unit of time for transmitting channel-coded data packets (transmission blocks), code blocks, codewords, etc., and can also be a unit of processing such as scheduling and link adaptation. In addition, when a TTI is given, the actual time interval (e.g., the number of symbols) mapped to transmission blocks, code blocks, codewords, etc. can be shorter than the TTI.

[0419] Additionally, where a time slot or a mini-time slot is referred to as a TTI, more than one TTI (i.e., more than one time slot or more than one mini-time slot) can also be the minimum time unit for scheduling. Furthermore, the number of time slots (mini-time slots) constituting the minimum time unit of the schedule can also be controlled.

[0420] A TTI with a duration of 1 ms can also be referred to as a normal TTI (TTI in 3GPP Rel.8-12), a standard TTI, a long TTI, a normal subframe, a standard subframe, a long subframe, a time slot, etc. A TTI shorter than a normal TTI can also be referred to as a shortened TTI, a short TTI, a partial TTI (partial or fractional TTI), a shortened subframe, a short subframe, a mini time slot, a sub-time slot, a time slot, etc.

[0421] In addition, a long TTI (e.g., a normal TTI, a subframe, etc.) can also be rewritten as a TTI with a duration of more than 1 ms, and a short TTI (e.g., a shortened TTI, etc.) can also be rewritten as a TTI with a duration of less than a long TTI but more than 1 ms.

[0422] A resource block (RB) is a unit of resource allocation in both the time and frequency domains. In the frequency domain, it can also contain one or more consecutive subcarriers. The number of subcarriers in an RB can be the same regardless of the parameter set, for example, it can be 12. The number of subcarriers in an RB can also be determined based on the parameter set.

[0423] Furthermore, an RB can contain one or more symbols in the time domain, and can also be a time slot, a mini-time slot, a subframe, or the length of a TTI. A TTI, a subframe, etc., can also be composed of one or more resource blocks.

[0424] In addition, one or more RBs can also be referred to as Physical Resource Blocks (PRBs), Sub-Carrier Groups (SCGs), Resource Element Groups (REGs), PRB pairs, RB pairs, etc.

[0425] In addition, a resource block can also consist of one or more resource elements (REs). For example, an RE can also be a radio resource area consisting of a subcarrier and a symbol.

[0426] The Bandwidth Part (BWP) (also referred to as partial bandwidth, etc.) can also represent a subset of consecutive common resource blocks (RBs) used for a certain parameter set in a certain carrier. Here, common RBs can also be determined by the index of RBs based on the common reference point of the carrier. PRBs can also be defined in a BWP and appended with numbers within that BWP.

[0427] A BWP can also include a UL BWP (the BWP used by UL) and a DL BWP (the BWP used by DL). For a UE, one or more BWPs can also be set within a single carrier.

[0428] Alternatively, at least one of the configured BWPs may be activated, and the UE may not intend to transmit or receive specific signals / channels outside of the activated BWPs. Furthermore, terms such as "cell" and "carrier" in this disclosure may be replaced with "BWP".

[0429] Furthermore, the structures described above, such as radio frames, subframes, time slots, mini-time slots, and symbols, are merely illustrative. For example, the number of subframes contained in a radio frame, the number of time slots in each subframe or radio frame, the number of mini-time slots contained within a time slot, the number of symbols and RBs contained in a time slot or mini-time slot, the number of subcarriers contained in an RB, and the number of symbols in a TTI, symbol length, cyclic prefix (CP) length, etc., can be varied in many ways.

[0430] Furthermore, the information, parameters, etc., described in this disclosure can be represented by absolute values, relative values ​​with respect to a specific value, or other corresponding information. For example, wireless resources can also be indicated by a specific index.

[0431] In this disclosure, the names used for parameters, etc., are not limiting names in any respect. Furthermore, the mathematical expressions, etc., using these parameters may differ from those explicitly disclosed in this disclosure. Various channels (PUCCH, PDCCH, etc.) and information elements can be identified by any suitable name; therefore, the various names assigned to these various channels and information elements are not limiting names in any respect.

[0432] The information, signals, etc., described in this disclosure can also be represented using any of a variety of different technologies. For example, data, instructions, commands, information, signals, bits, symbols, chips, etc., which may be mentioned throughout the above description, can also be represented by voltage, current, electromagnetic waves, magnetic fields or magnetic particles, light fields or photons, or any combination thereof.

[0433] Furthermore, information, signals, etc., can be output in at least one of the following directions: from higher level (upper layer) to lower level (lower layer), and from lower layer to higher level. Information, signals, etc., can also be input and output via multiple network nodes.

[0434] Input and output information, signals, etc., can be stored in a specific location (e.g., memory) or managed using a management table. Input and output information, signals, etc., can be overwritten, updated, or appended. Output information, signals, etc., can also be deleted. Input information, signals, etc., can also be sent to other devices.

[0435] The notification of information is not limited to the methods / implementations described in this disclosure, and may also be carried out by other methods. For example, the notification of information in this disclosure may also be implemented by physical layer signaling (e.g., downlink control information (DCI), uplink control information (UCI), etc.), higher layer signaling (e.g., radio resource control (RRC) signaling, broadcast information (Master Information Block (MIB), System Information Block (SIB) etc.), medium access control (MAC) signaling), other signals, or combinations thereof.

[0436] In addition, physical layer signaling can also be referred to as Layer 1 / Layer 2 (L1 / L2) control information (L1 / L2 control signals), L1 control information (L1 control signals), etc. Furthermore, RRC signaling can also be referred to as RRC messages, such as RRC connection setup messages, RRC connection reconfiguration messages, etc. Additionally, MAC signaling can also be notified using, for example, the MAC control element (CE).

[0437] Furthermore, notification of specific information (e.g., a notification of “is X”) is not limited to explicit notification, but can also be implicit (e.g., by not providing that specific information, or by providing other information).

[0438] The determination can be made by a value represented by a single bit (0 or 1), by a true or false value (boolean), or by a numerical comparison (e.g., a comparison with a specific value).

[0439] Whether software is called software, firmware, middleware, microcode, hardware description language, or any other name, it should be broadly interpreted to refer to instructions, instruction sets, code, code segments, program code, programs, subprograms, software modules, applications, software applications, software packages, routines, subroutines, objects, executable files, execution threads, procedures, functions, etc.

[0440] Furthermore, software, instructions, and information can also be sent and received via a transmission medium. For example, when software is sent from a website, server, or other remote source using at least one of wired technologies (coaxial cable, fiber optic cable, twisted pair, Digital Subscriber Line (DSL) etc.) and wireless technologies (infrared, microwave, etc.), at least one of these wired and wireless technologies is included within the definition of a transmission medium.

[0441] The terms “system” and “network” as used in this disclosure are interchangeable. “Network” may also mean devices included in a network (e.g., base stations).

[0442] In this disclosure, the terms “precoding”, “precoder”, “weight (precoding weight)”, “quasi-co-location (QCL)”, “transmission configuration indication state (TCI state)”, “spatial relation”, “spatial domain filter”, “transmit power”, “phase rotation”, “antenna port”, “layer”, “number of layers”, “rank”, “resource”, “resource set”, “beam”, “beamwidth”, “beam angle”, “antenna”, “antenna element”, “panel”, “UE panel”, “transmitting entity”, and “receiving entity” are used interchangeably.

[0443] Furthermore, in this disclosure, the antenna port can also be rewritten with an antenna port used for any signal / channel (e.g., a DeModulation Reference Signal (DMRS) port). In this disclosure, the resources can also be rewritten with resources used for any signal / channel (e.g., reference signal resources, SRS resources, etc.). Additionally, the resources may also include time / frequency / code / space / power resources. Moreover, the spatial domain transmission filter may include at least one of a spatial domain transmission filter and a spatial domain reception filter.

[0444] The aforementioned groups may include, for example, at least one of the following: spatial relation group, code division multiplexing (CDM) group, reference signal (RS) group, control resource set (CORESET) group, PUCCH group, antenna port group (e.g., DMRS port group), layer group, resource group, beam group, antenna group, panel group, etc.

[0445] Furthermore, in this disclosure, beam, SRS Resource Indicator (SRI), CORESET, CORESET pool, PDSCH, PUSCH, Codeword (CW), Transport Block (TB), RS, etc., can also be rewritten to each other.

[0446] Furthermore, in this disclosure, the TCI state, downlink TCI state (DL TCI state), uplink TCI state (UL TCI state), unified TCI state, common TCI state, and joint TCI state can also be rewritten.

[0447] Furthermore, in this disclosure, terms such as "QCL", "QCL concept", "QCL relationship", "QCL type information", "QCL property (QCLproperty / properties)", "specific QCL type (e.g., type A, type D) property", and "specific QCL type (e.g., type A, type D)" can be interchanged.

[0448] In this disclosure, indexes, identifiers (IDs), indicators, indications, resource IDs, etc., can be interchanged. Sequences, lists, sets, groups, clusters, subsets, etc., can also be interchanged.

[0449] Furthermore, the spatial relationship information identifier (ID) (TCI state ID) and the spatial relationship information (TCI state) can be interchanged. "Spatial relationship information (TCI state)" can also be interchanged with "a set of spatial relationship information (TCI state)", "one or more spatial relationship information", etc. TCI state and TCI can also be interchanged. Spatial relationship information and spatial relationship can also be interchanged.

[0450] In this disclosure, the terms "Base Station (BS)", "Wireless Base Station", "Fixed Station", "NodeB", "eNB (eNodeB)", "gNB (gNodeB)", "Access Point", "Transmission Point (TP)", "Reception Point (RP)", "Transmission / Reception Point (TRP)", "Panel", "Cell", "Sector", "Cell Group", "Carrier", and "Component Carrier" are used interchangeably. There are also instances where the terms macro cell, small cell, femtocell, and picocell are used to refer to a base station.

[0451] A base station can accommodate one or more (e.g., three) cells. When a base station accommodates multiple cells, the overall coverage area of ​​the base station can be divided into multiple smaller areas, each of which can also provide communication services through a base station subsystem (e.g., a small indoor base station (Remote Radio Head (RRH))). Terms such as "cell" or "sector" refer to a portion or all of the coverage area of ​​at least one of the base station and base station subsystem providing communication services within that coverage area.

[0452] In this disclosure, the act of a base station sending information to a terminal can also be rewritten in relation to the act of the base station instructing the terminal to perform control / operation based on that information.

[0453] In this disclosure, the terms “Mobile Station (MS)”, “user terminal”, “user equipment (UE)”, and “terminal” are used interchangeably.

[0454] There are also instances where mobile stations are referred to as subscriber stations, mobile units, subscriber units, wireless units, remote units, mobile devices, wireless devices, wireless communication devices, remote devices, mobile subscriber stations, access terminals, mobile terminals, wireless terminals, remote terminals, handsets, user agents, mobile clients, clients, or several other appropriate terms.

[0455] At least one of the base station and the mobile station can also be referred to as a transmitting device, a receiving device, a wireless communication device, etc. Additionally, at least one of the base station and the mobile station can also be a device mounted on a moving object, the moving object itself, etc.

[0456] The term "mobile body" refers to a movable object whose speed is arbitrary, including situations where the body is stationary. Examples of such mobile bodies include vehicles, transport vehicles, automobiles, motorcycles, bicycles, connected cars, loading shovels, bulldozers, wheel loaders, dump trucks, forklifts, trains, buses, trolleys, rickshaws, ships (ships and other watercraft), airplanes, rockets, satellites, drones, multicopters, quadcopters, hot air balloons, and objects carried by them, but are not limited to these. Furthermore, the mobile body can also be a mobile body that moves autonomously based on operational commands.

[0457] The mobile entity can be a means of transportation (e.g., a vehicle, an airplane, etc.), a mobile entity moving in an unmanned manner (e.g., a drone, an autonomous vehicle, etc.), or a robot (humanized or unmanned). Additionally, at least one of the base station and the mobile station also includes a device that does not necessarily move during communication operations. For example, at least one of the base station and the mobile station can also be an Internet of Things (IoT) device such as a sensor.

[0458] Figure 11 This is a diagram illustrating an example of a vehicle according to one embodiment. The vehicle 40 includes a drive unit 41, a steering unit 42, an accelerator pedal 43, a brake pedal 44, a shift lever 45, left and right front wheels 46, left and right rear wheels 47, an axle 48, an electronic control unit 49, various sensors (including a current sensor 50, a speed sensor 51, a bar pressure sensor 52, a vehicle speed sensor 53, an acceleration sensor 54, an accelerator pedal sensor 55, a brake pedal sensor 56, a shift lever sensor 57, and an object detection sensor 58), an information service unit 59, and a communication module 60.

[0459] The drive unit 41 is comprised of at least one of an engine, a motor, or a combination of an engine and a motor. The steering unit 42 is configured to include at least a steering wheel (also called a steering handle) that steers at least one of the front wheels 46 and the rear wheels 47 based on operation of the steering wheel by the user.

[0460] The electronic control unit 49 consists of a microprocessor 61, a memory (ROM, RAM) 62, and a communication port (e.g., an input / output (IO) port) 63). Signals from various sensors 50-58 present in the vehicle are input to the electronic control unit 49. The electronic control unit 49 can also be referred to as an electronic control unit (ECU).

[0461] The signals from various sensors 50-58 include the current signal from the current sensor 50 that senses the current of the motor, the rotational speed signal of the front wheel 46 / rear wheel 47 obtained by the speed sensor 51, the air pressure signal of the front wheel 46 / rear wheel 47 obtained by the air pressure sensor 52, the vehicle speed signal obtained by the vehicle speed sensor 53, the acceleration signal obtained by the acceleration sensor 54, the accelerator pedal 43 depress amount signal obtained by the accelerator pedal sensor 55, the brake pedal 44 depress amount signal obtained by the brake pedal sensor 56, the shift lever 45 operation signal obtained by the shift lever sensor 57, and the detection signal obtained by the object detection sensor 58 for detecting obstacles, vehicles, pedestrians, etc.

[0462] The information service unit 59 consists of various devices such as a navigation system, audio system, speakers, display, television, and radio, used to provide (output) various information such as driving information, traffic information, and entertainment information, and one or more ECUs that control these devices. The information service unit 59 uses information obtained from external devices via the communication module 60, etc., to provide various information / services (e.g., multimedia information / multimedia services) to the occupants of the vehicle 40.

[0463] The information service unit 59 may include input devices that accept input from the outside (e.g., keyboard, mouse, microphone, switch, button, sensor, touch panel, etc.) or output devices that implement output to the outside (e.g., display, speaker, LED light, touch panel, etc.).

[0464] The driver assistance system unit 64 comprises various devices that provide functions for preventing accidents or reducing the driver's workload, such as millimeter-wave radar, light detection and ranging (LiDAR), cameras, locators (e.g., Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS)), map information (e.g., High Definition (HD) maps, Autonomous Vehicle (AV) maps), gyroscope systems (e.g., Inertial Measurement Unit (IMU)) and Inertial Navigation System (INS)), artificial intelligence (AI) chips, and AI processors, as well as one or more ECUs that control these devices. Furthermore, the driver assistance system unit 64 sends and receives various information via communication module 60 to realize driver assistance functions or autonomous driving functions.

[0465] The communication module 60 can communicate with the microprocessor 61 and the structural elements of the vehicle 40 via the communication port 63. For example, the communication module 60 sends and receives data (information) with the microprocessor 61 and memory (ROM, RAM) 62, and various sensors 50-58 in the drive unit 41, steering unit 42, accelerator pedal 43, brake pedal 44, gear shift lever 45, left and right front wheels 46, left and right rear wheels 47, axle 48, electronic control unit 49 of the vehicle 40 via the communication port 63.

[0466] The communication module 60, controlled by the microprocessor 61 of the electronic control unit 49, is a communication device capable of communicating with external devices. For example, it can transmit and receive various types of information wirelessly with external devices. The communication module 60 can be located both inside and outside the electronic control unit 49. External devices can be, for example, the aforementioned base station 10, user terminal 20, etc. Furthermore, the communication module 60 can be, for example, at least one of the aforementioned base station 10 and user terminal 20 (or function as at least one of the base station 10 and user terminal 20).

[0467] The communication module 60 can also wirelessly transmit at least one of the following to an external device: signals from the various sensors 50-58 input to the electronic control unit 49, information obtained based on these signals, and information based on input from an external (user) unit obtained via the information service unit 59. The electronic control unit 49, the various sensors 50-58, the information service unit 59, etc., can also be referred to as input units that receive input. For example, the PUSCH transmitted via the communication module 60 can also contain information based on the aforementioned input.

[0468] The communication module 60 receives various types of information (traffic information, traffic light information, workshop information, etc.) sent from external devices and displays them on the vehicle's information service unit 59. The information service unit 59 can also be referred to as an output unit for outputting information (e.g., information based on the PDSCH received through the communication module 60 (or data / information decoded according to the PDSCH) and outputting it to devices such as displays and speakers).

[0469] Furthermore, the communication module 60 stores various types of information received from external devices into a memory 62 that can be utilized by the microprocessor 61. Based on the information stored in the memory 62, the microprocessor 61 can also control the drive unit 41, steering unit 42, accelerator pedal 43, brake pedal 44, gear shift lever 45, left and right front wheels 46, left and right rear wheels 47, axle 48, and various sensors 50-58, etc., of the vehicle 40.

[0470] Furthermore, the base station in this disclosure can also be rewritten as a user terminal. For example, various methods / implementations of this disclosure can be applied to structures where communication between the base station and the user terminal is replaced by communication between multiple user terminals (e.g., also referred to as device-to-device (D2D) or vehicle-to-everything (V2X)). In this case, it can also be configured such that the user terminal 20 has the functions of the base station 10 described above. In addition, terms such as "uplink" and "downlink" can be rewritten as terms corresponding to inter-terminal communication (e.g., "sidelink"). For example, uplink channel, downlink channel, etc., can also be rewritten as sidelink channel.

[0471] Similarly, the user terminal in this disclosure can also be rewritten as a base station. In this case, it can also be configured such that the base station 10 has the functions of the user terminal 20 described above.

[0472] In this disclosure, actions purported to be performed by a base station may sometimes also be performed by its upper node, depending on the circumstances. Clearly, in a network comprising one or more network nodes having a base station, various operations performed for communication with a terminal can be performed by the base station, one or more network nodes other than the base station (e.g., consider a Mobility Management Entity (MME), a Serving-Gateway (S-GW), etc., but not limited to these), or combinations thereof.

[0473] The various methods / implementations described in this disclosure can be used individually, in combination, or switched as needed during execution. Furthermore, the processing procedures, timing sequences, flowcharts, etc., of the various methods / implementations described in this disclosure can be rearranged as long as they do not contradict each other. For example, regarding the methods described in this disclosure, the illustrated order is used to indicate various steps, but the order is not limited to the specific order indicated.

[0474] The various methods / implementations described in this disclosure can also be applied to Long Term Evolution (LTE), LTE-Advanced (LTE-A), LTE-Beyond (LTE-B), SUPER 3G, IMT-Advanced, 4th generation mobile communication system (4G), 5th generation mobile communication system (5G), 6th generation mobile communication system (6G), xth generation mobile communication system (xG, where x is, for example, an integer or a decimal)), Future Radio Access (FRA), New-Radio Access Technology (RAT), New Radio (NR), New radio access (NX), Futuregeneration radio access (FX), Global System for Mobile Communications (GSM, a registered trademark), CDMA2000, Ultra Mobile Broadband (UMB), and IEEE This includes 802.11 (Wi-Fi (registered trademark)), IEEE 802.16 (WiMAX (registered trademark)), IEEE 802.20, Ultra-Wideband (UWB)), Bluetooth (registered trademark), systems utilizing other suitable wireless communication methods, and next-generation systems derived from, modified, generated, or specified based on these methods. Furthermore, multiple systems can be combined (e.g., LTE or LTE-A, combinations with 5G, etc.) for application.

[0475] As used in this disclosure, the term "based on" does not mean "based on only" unless otherwise specified. In other words, the term "based on" means both "based on only" and "based on at least".

[0476] Any reference to an element using the designations "first," "second," etc., as used in this disclosure does not comprehensively limit the quantity or order of these elements. These designations may be used in this disclosure as a convenient method of distinguishing between two or more elements. Therefore, reference to the first and second elements does not imply that only two elements may be used, or that the first element must take precedence over the second element in some form.

[0477] The term "determining" as used in this disclosure can encompass a wide variety of actions. For example, "determining" can also refer to judging, calculating, computing, processing, deriving, investigating, searching (e.g., searching in a table, database, or other data structure), and ascertaining.

[0478] In addition, "judgment (decision)" can also refer to receiving (e.g., receiving information), transmitting (e.g., sending information), inputting, outputting, accessing (e.g., accessing data in memory), etc., as situations where "judgment (decision)" is performed.

[0479] Furthermore, "judgment (decision)" can also refer to situations where resolving, selecting, choosing, establishing, or comparing are considered as making a "judgment (decision)". That is, "judgment (decision)" can also refer to certain actions as making a "judgment (decision)". In this disclosure, "judgment (decision)" can also be rewritten in relation to the aforementioned actions.

[0480] Furthermore, in this disclosure, "determine / determining" can also be rewritten as "assume / assuming," "expect / expecting," "consider / considering," etc. Additionally, in this disclosure, "not assume..." can be interchanged with "assume not...".

[0481] In this disclosure, "expect" and "be expected" can be interchanged. For example, "expect(s)..." (where "..." can also be expressed as a that clause, to infinitive, etc.) and "be expected..." can be interchanged. "does not expect..." and "be not expected..." can also be interchanged. Furthermore, "An apparatus A is not expected..." and "Apparatus B other than apparatus A does not expect..." can be interchanged (for example, if apparatus A is a UE, apparatus B can also be a base station).

[0482] The term "maximum transmit power" as used in this disclosure may refer to the maximum value of the transmit power, the nominal maximum transmit power, or the rated maximum transmit power.

[0483] As used in this disclosure, the terms “connected,” “coupled,” or all variations thereof, refer to all direct or indirect connections or combinations between two or more elements, and can include cases where there is one or more intermediate elements between two mutually “connected” or “coupled” elements. The connections or combinations between elements can be physical, logical, or a combination thereof. For example, “connection” can also be rewritten as “access.”

[0484] In this disclosure, when two elements are connected, it is possible to consider using more than one wire, cable, printed electrical connection, etc. to be "connected" or "combined" with each other, and as several non-limiting and non-inclusive examples, electromagnetic energy with wavelengths in the wireless frequency domain, microwave region, light (both visible and invisible) region can be used to be "connected" or "combined" with each other.

[0485] In this disclosure, the term "A is different from B" can also mean "A and B are different from each other." Additionally, the term can also mean "A and B are each different from C." Terms such as "separate" and "combined" can also be interpreted in the same way as "different."

[0486] When the terms "include," "including," and variations thereof are used in this disclosure, these terms, like the term "comprising," mean inclusive. Furthermore, the term "or" as used in this disclosure does not mean XOR.

[0487] In this disclosure, for example, in cases where articles are added through translation, such as a, an, and the in English, the disclosure may also include cases where the noun following these articles is in a plural form.

[0488] In this disclosure, terms such as "below," "less than," "above," "more than," and "equal to" can be interchanged. Furthermore, in this disclosure, terms meaning "good," "bad," "large," "small," "high," "low," "early," "late," "wide," and "narrow" are not limited to the positive, comparative, and superlative degrees and can be interchanged. Additionally, in this disclosure, expressions that prescribe "i" (where i is any integer) to terms meaning "good," "bad," "large," "small," "high," "low," "early," "late," "wide," and "narrow" are not limited to the positive, comparative, and superlative degrees and can be interchanged (for example, "highest" and "i-th highest" can also be interchanged).

[0489] In this disclosure, the terms “of,” “for,” “regarding,” “related to,” and “associated with” can be interchanged.

[0490] In this disclosure, phrases such as "when A, B", "if A, then B", "B upon A", "B in response to A", "B based on A", "B during / while A", "B before A", "B at the same time as / on A", "B after A", "B since A", and "B until A" can be rewritten interchangeably. Furthermore, A and B can be rewritten as nouns, verbs, or other appropriate expressions depending on the context. Additionally, the time difference between A and B can be almost zero (immediately after or immediately before A). Moreover, time offsets can be applied to the time A occurs. For example, "A" can be rewritten as "before / after the time offset of A". This time offset (e.g., more than one symbol / slot) can be predetermined or determined by the UE based on notification information.

[0491] In this disclosure, timing, moment, time, time instance, any time unit (e.g., time slot, sub-slot, symbol, subframe), period, occasion, resource, etc., can also be rewritten to each other.

[0492] The inventions disclosed herein have been described in detail above. However, it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that the inventions disclosed herein are not limited to the embodiments described herein. The description herein is for illustrative purposes only and is not intended to impose any limitation on the inventions disclosed herein.

Claims

1. A terminal, comprising: The receiving unit receives at least one of a first indication common to multiple operators, used for beam indication, and a second indication used for beam indication and scheduling of specific channels; and The control unit determines the beam to be applied in the specific channel based on the reception timing indicated by the first instruction and the reception timing indicated by the second instruction.

2. The terminal as described in claim 1, wherein, If the first instruction is received after the second instruction, and the beam based on the first instruction is different from the beam based on the second instruction, the control unit determines that it will not transmit or receive on the specific channel.

3. The terminal as described in claim 1, wherein, If the first instruction is not received, the control unit will apply the beam based on the second instruction to the specific channel.

4. The terminal as described in claim 1, wherein, The first indication is downlink control information common to multiple operators, and the second indication is terminal-specific downlink control information.

5. A wireless communication method for a terminal, comprising: The step of receiving at least one of a first indication common to multiple operators, at least for beam indication, and a second indication for beam indication and scheduling of a specific channel; and The step of determining the beam to be applied in the specific channel based on the reception timing indicated by the first instruction and the reception timing indicated by the second instruction.

6. A base station, comprising: The transmitting unit transmits at least one of a first indication common to multiple operators, used for beam indication, and a second indication used for beam indication and scheduling of specific channels; and The control unit, using the first indicated reception timing and the second indicated reception timing, indicates the beam applied in the particular channel.

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