A rural transformer bird repelling device and method of use thereof

Abstract

This invention provides a bird-repelling device for rural transformers and its usage method, comprising: a photovoltaic power generation system, a lithium battery, a DC-DC converter, a PWM amplifier circuit, an infrared detection circuit, a microcontroller control system, a single-phase bridge inverter circuit, and an audio-visual circuit. The photovoltaic power generation system is installed on top of the concrete pillar where the transformer is located and is electrically connected to the lithium battery. The DC-DC converter is electrically connected to both the photovoltaic power generation system and the lithium battery. The receiver of the microcontroller control system is connected to the infrared detection circuit via the DC-DC converter, and the output of the microcontroller control system is connected to the audio-visual circuit via the PWM amplifier circuit and the single-phase bridge inverter circuit. The device detects birds in real time and repels them using both sound and light. Furthermore, the device can prevent birds from responding to signals generated by the bird repeller by changing the flashing frequency of the strobe light and the sound and frequency of the voice-activated bird repeller.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of bird deterrence technology, and in particular to a bird deterrence device for rural transformers and its usage method. Background Technology

[0002] Rural transformers are mostly installed in the open air on poles, with flat metal platforms or supports on top, often becoming ideal nesting sites for birds. However, the nesting materials used by birds, such as twigs and wires, can easily cause short circuits in the transformers and even fires, posing a significant threat to rural power supply safety. Due to current environmental protection policies, it is not possible to forcibly remove bird nests or kill birds; therefore, preventing birds from nesting around transformers is currently the only feasible strategy.

[0003] One current method of bird control involves installing reflective bird deterrents around transformers, using light reflection to disrupt bird behavior. However, as birds gradually adapt to the reflective stimulation, the bird-repelling effect gradually weakens; furthermore, at night or in rainy weather, the visual effect of the reflective strips is significantly reduced, making their bird-repelling effect even more limited. Another method is to install ultrasonic transmitters near transformers to drive away birds using ultrasound. However, the sensitivity of birds to ultrasound and its effective frequency range currently lack clear research evidence, and practical applications show that this technology is not very effective. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of this invention is to provide a bird-repelling device for rural transformers. A rural transformer includes: a photovoltaic power generation system, a lithium battery, a DC-DC converter, a PWM amplifier circuit, an infrared detection circuit, a microcontroller control system, a single-phase bridge inverter circuit, and an acoustic-optical circuit. The photovoltaic power generation system is installed on the top of a cement pillar where the transformer is located and is electrically connected to the lithium battery. The DC-DC converter is electrically connected to both the photovoltaic power generation system and the lithium battery. The receiver of the microcontroller control system is connected to the infrared detection circuit via the DC-DC converter, and the output of the microcontroller control system is connected to the acoustic-optical circuit via the PWM amplifier circuit and the single-phase bridge inverter circuit.

[0005] Furthermore, the infrared detection circuit includes a reflective photocell, which consists of a transmitter, a receiver, and a reflector.

[0006] Furthermore, the single-phase bridge inverter circuit consists of a DC side and a main circuit. The DC side is composed of a DC power supply DC and a filter capacitor C1. The main circuit uses four power switching transistors to form a bridge arm structure, with two pairs of diagonal transistors forming a group.

[0007] Furthermore, the audio-visual circuitry includes a voice bird deterrent and a strobe light.

[0008] Furthermore, a method for using a bird-repelling device on a rural transformer is characterized by comprising:

[0009] Step S100: Initialize the microcontroller control system;

[0010] Step S200: The infrared detection circuit is turned on, and it is determined whether there is an object in the detection channel;

[0011] Step S300: If the infrared detection circuit determines that an object exists in the channel, it triggers a pulse to send the signal back to the microcontroller control system, which then activates the audio-visual circuit. Otherwise, no pulse is triggered.

[0012] Further, step S200 includes,

[0013] In step S201, the reflective photocell in the infrared detection circuit emits polarized infrared light onto the reflector.

[0014] Step S202: The reflector mirrors the light towards the receiver.

[0015] If the receiver does not receive a reflected signal in step S203, it is determined that there is an object in the infrared detection circuit detection channel. If the receiver receives a transmitted signal, it is determined that there is no object in the infrared detection circuit detection channel.

[0016] Further, step S300 includes,

[0017] Step S301: The microcontroller control system receives a pulse signal and activates the audio-visual circuit.

[0018] Step S302: Activate the voice-activated bird deterrent and strobe light;

[0019] After the bird is driven away in step S303, the receiver receives the reflected signal again and stops sending pulse signals to the microcontroller control system.

[0020] Step S304: The microcontroller control system shuts down the sound and light circuit, and turns off the voice bird deterrent and strobe light.

[0021] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following advantages: it can detect whether birds are staying in real time and drive them away by the simultaneous action of sound and light, and can prevent birds from adapting to the signals generated by the bird deterrent device by changing the flashing frequency of the strobe light and the sound and frequency of the voice bird deterrent device.

[0022] The present invention will now be further described with reference to the accompanying drawings. Attached Figure Description

[0023] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the system structure according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0024] Figure 2This is a flowchart of the microcontroller control process according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0025] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram illustrating the working principle of the reflective photoelectric eye according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0026] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of a PWM-controlled single-phase bridge inverter circuit according to an embodiment of the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0027] Reference Figure 1 , Figure 2 A bird-repelling device for a rural transformer and its usage method are disclosed. The rural transformer includes: a photovoltaic power generation system, a lithium battery, a DC-DC converter, a PWM amplifier circuit, an infrared detection circuit, a microcontroller control system, a single-phase bridge inverter circuit, and an acoustic-optical circuit. The photovoltaic power generation system uses photovoltaic panels to generate electricity and power the entire system. The lithium battery is electrically connected to the photovoltaic power generation system and stores excess energy generated by the system. The DC-DC converter is connected to both the photovoltaic power generation system and the lithium battery, converting the voltage generated by both systems to the required voltage. The infrared detection circuit detects whether birds are hovering around the transformer and sends a signal to the microcontroller control system. The microcontroller control system controls the on / off state of the acoustic-optical circuit based on the signal sent by the infrared detection circuit. The PWM amplifier circuit, connected to the microcontroller control system, amplifies the signal sent by the microcontroller control system to achieve the signal strength required to drive the switch. The single-phase bridge inverter circuit is connected to the PWM amplifier circuit and controls the on / off state, frequency, and voltage of the acoustic-optical circuit based on the signal output by the PWM amplifier circuit.

[0028] Reference Figure 3 The infrared detection circuit includes a reflective photocell, which consists of a transmitter, a receiver, and a reflector. When the reflective photocell is working, the transmitter emits polarized infrared light to the reflector, which then mirrors the light back towards the receiver. When the receiver detects light of normal intensity, the detection circuit does not activate. If an object blocks the light path, the reflected light is obstructed, and the light intensity received by the receiver drops sharply. At this point, the detection circuit outputs a switching signal and sends it to the microcontroller control system. When the object is removed, the receiver receives light of normal intensity again. At this time, the detection circuit stops outputting signals, and the microcontroller control system no longer receives signals.

[0029] like Figure 4As shown, the single-phase bridge inverter circuit mainly consists of two parts: the DC side and the main circuit. The DC side includes a DC power supply (DC) and a filter capacitor (C1). The DC power supply (DC) is jointly provided by the photovoltaic power generation system and the lithium battery pack, supplying the DC power required for the inverter. Capacitor C1 is used to filter out ripple components in the DC side voltage, stabilizing the DC voltage, suppressing fluctuations, and providing auxiliary energy support when the load experiences instantaneous energy demands.

[0030] The main circuit consists of a bridge structure composed of four power switching transistors (Q1, Q2, Q3, and Q4, typically IGBTs or other fully controllable devices). The transistors are divided into two diagonally opposite groups: Q1 and Q4 form one group, and Q2 and Q3 form the other. Each group of transistors alternately turns on and off under the control of a PWM signal, thus achieving the DC-to-AC inversion process. Each transistor is connected in anti-parallel to a freewheeling diode (D1–D4). Its function is to provide a path for the reverse current generated by energy storage components such as the load inductor during the transistor's off-state, preventing the transistor from experiencing excessive reverse voltage and maintaining the continuity of the load current.

[0031] PWM signals are used to precisely control the turn-on and turn-off timing of each switching transistor. By adjusting parameters such as the duty cycle and period of the PWM signal, the amplitude, frequency, and other characteristics of the output AC voltage can be controlled. The basic working principle of this circuit is as follows: under the control of the PWM signal, two sets of switching transistors (Q1, Q4 and Q2, Q3) are alternately turned on. For example, during a certain period, Q1 and Q4 are turned on, and the DC power supply forms a loop through Q1—load—Q4, applying a positive voltage to the load; during the next period, Q2 and Q3 are turned on, and the current flows through Q2—load—Q3, subjecting the load to a reverse voltage. By periodically switching the switching groups in this way, DC power can be converted into AC power output.

[0032] Furthermore, the output voltage can be effectively modulated by the high-frequency switching control of the PWM signal. By adjusting the duty cycle of the PWM signal, the effective value of the output AC voltage can be changed; and by adjusting the period of the PWM signal, the frequency of the output AC power can be controlled, thereby adapting to the specific voltage and frequency requirements of different loads.

[0033] This bird deterrent system primarily uses sound and light generated by the aforementioned audio-visual circuitry to drive birds away. This circuitry mainly consists of a voice-activated bird deterrent and a strobe light. The voice-activated bird deterrent plays specific sound signals, utilizing birds' auditory sensitivity and instinctive behavioral patterns to deter them. Through long-term evolution, birds have developed an instinctive fear of the sounds of predators (such as eagles, owls, snakes, and weasels). The voice-activated bird deterrent records or synthesizes the calls of these predators (such as the hawk's cry or the owl's night call). When these sounds are played, birds mistakenly believe a predator is approaching and flee the area out of survival instinct. When birds encounter danger (such as being preyed upon, electrocuted, or collided with), they emit specific "warning calls" to transmit danger signals to their kind. The voice-activated bird deterrent records these sounds (such as the screams or struggles of startled birds), and when played, it sends a "danger" signal to surrounding birds, causing them to flee in flocks. Some voice-activated bird deterrents play high-frequency noise (2000-10000Hz) or irregular sounds (such as firecrackers, metallic scraping, or ultrasonic waves). Birds have a much wider hearing range (100-12000Hz) than humans, and high-frequency or harsh abnormal sounds can interfere with their auditory system, causing agitation and discomfort, thus prompting them to actively stay away. Voice-activated bird deterrents also employ a "random playback" mode, where the sound type (predator sounds, warning sounds, noise), interval, and volume vary randomly. This prevents birds from developing "adaptation" to fixed sounds (gradually ignoring the same sound after prolonged exposure) and prolongs the bird deterrent effect. For strobe lights, the periodic flashing of strong light (mostly red, white, or a mixture of both) stimulates the bird's visual system, utilizing their sensitivity to strong light and flashing to deter birds. Birds' retinas contain abundant cone cells, making them extremely sensitive to changes in light, especially diurnal birds (such as sparrows and egrets). The intense light from strobe lights (typically 5000-20000 lumens) can cause visual fatigue or temporary blindness in birds, making it difficult for them to accurately assess their environment and thus discouraging them from staying. The flashing frequency of strobe lights is usually set to 5-30 times per second; this irregular, high-frequency flashing disrupts birds' expectations of stable ambient light. Birds need a stable visual environment to assess safety when roosting or foraging, and frequent changes in light can create a sense of "environmental instability," leading to alertness and a desire to flee. Furthermore, strobe lights have different effects during the day and night. Nighttime enhancement: Strobe lights automatically increase brightness and frequency at night, targeting nocturnal birds (such as night herons and owls), taking advantage of their fear of sudden bright light (similar to the discomfort humans experience when shone directly by a flashlight). During the day: When there is sufficient light, the visual stimulation of the strobe light may be weakened by natural light, but the sound of the voice bird deterrent can continue to work without being affected by light. At night: The sound propagation effect is better (the ambient noise is low at night), while the strong light of the strobe light is more dazzling in the dark, which creates a double deterrent to nocturnal birds.

Claims

1. A bird-repelling device for rural transformers, characterized in that, include: The system includes a photovoltaic power generation system, a lithium-ion battery, a DC-DC converter, a PWM amplifier circuit, an infrared detection circuit, a microcontroller control system, a single-phase bridge inverter circuit, and an acoustic-optical circuit. The photovoltaic power generation system is installed on top of the concrete pillar where the transformer is located. The photovoltaic power generation system is electrically connected to a storage lithium battery. The DC-DC converter is electrically connected to the photovoltaic power generation system and the lithium battery. The receiver of the microcontroller control system is connected to the infrared detection circuit signal via a DC-DC converter. The output of the microcontroller control system is connected to the audio-visual circuit signal via a PWM amplifier circuit and a single-phase bridge inverter circuit.

2. The apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that, The infrared detection circuit includes a reflective photocell, which consists of a transmitter, a receiver, and a reflector.

3. The apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that, A single-phase bridge inverter circuit consists of a DC side and a main circuit, wherein, The DC side consists of a DC power supply (DC) and a filter capacitor (C1). The main circuit uses four power switching transistors to form a bridge arm structure, with two pairs of diagonal transistors forming a group.

4. The apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that, The sound and light circuit includes a voice bird deterrent and a strobe light.

5. A method for using a bird-repelling device on a rural transformer, characterized in that, include Step S100: Initialize the microcontroller control system; Step S200: The infrared detection circuit is turned on, and it is determined whether there is an object in the detection channel; Step S300: If the infrared detection circuit determines that an object exists in the channel, it triggers a pulse to send the signal back to the microcontroller control system, which then activates the audio-visual circuit. Otherwise, no pulse is triggered.

6. The method according to claim 5, characterized in that, Step S200 includes, In step S201, the reflective photocell in the infrared detection circuit emits polarized infrared light onto the reflector. Step S202: The reflector mirrors the light towards the receiver. If the receiver does not receive a reflected signal in step S203, it is determined that there is an object in the infrared detection circuit detection channel. If the receiver receives a transmitted signal, it is determined that there is no object in the infrared detection circuit detection channel.

7. The method according to claim 5, characterized in that, Step S300 includes, Step S301: The microcontroller control system receives a pulse signal and activates the audio-visual circuit. Step S302: Activate the voice-activated bird deterrent and strobe light; After the bird is driven away in step S303, the receiver receives the reflected signal again and stops sending pulse signals to the microcontroller control system. Step S304: The microcontroller control system shuts down the sound and light circuit, and turns off the voice bird deterrent and strobe light.

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