Signal conversion module, control device, motor control circuit, system and vehicle

Abstract

This application provides a signal conversion module, a control device, a motor control circuit, a system, and a vehicle. The signal conversion module includes a switching circuit, a charging circuit, an energy storage circuit, and a discharging circuit. The switching circuit and the charging circuit are connected in series between the module's input and output terminals. The first terminal of the energy storage circuit is connected to the connection node between the charging circuit and the module's output terminal, and the second terminal of the energy storage circuit is grounded. The first terminal of the discharging circuit is connected to the first terminal of the energy storage circuit, and the second terminal of the discharging circuit is grounded. When the switching circuit receives a step control signal, the signal conversion module outputs a voltage ramp signal, which, together with a reference waveform signal, forms a pulse width modulation (PWM) signal. Using a signal conversion module to replace the microcontroller's output PWM signal effectively reduces costs, eliminates the constraints of control software, and reduces risk.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of electronic control technology, and in particular to a signal conversion module, control device, motor control circuit, system, and vehicle. Background Technology

[0002] Current motor control functions for car windows or other devices, including but not limited to speed regulation and anti-pinch functions, heavily rely on microcontrollers. A typical implementation involves the microcontroller generating a PWM signal, which then drives the motor via a driver circuit. This method of motor control, dependent on the microcontroller's PWM signal, requires a microprocessor, a matching power supply, a clock, a programming interface, and other peripheral circuits. This results in system complexity and high cost. Furthermore, it necessitates complex control software, making the system's functional safety dependent on the correct operation of the software. This introduces potential risks such as program crashes and freezes, further increasing system complexity and uncertainty. Summary of the Invention

[0003] This application provides a signal conversion module, a control device, a motor control circuit, a system, and a vehicle, aiming to address the high cost and high risk associated with using a microcontroller to output pulse width modulation signals to control a motor.

[0004] A signal conversion module includes a charging circuit, a discharging circuit, an energy storage circuit, and a switching circuit; The switching circuit and the charging circuit are connected in series between the module input terminal and the module output terminal; The first end of the energy storage circuit is connected to the connection node between the charging circuit and the output end of the module, and the second end of the energy storage circuit is grounded. The first terminal of the discharge circuit is connected to the first terminal of the energy storage circuit, and the second terminal of the discharge circuit is grounded. When the switching circuit receives a step control signal, the output terminal of the signal conversion module outputs a voltage ramp signal, which, together with the reference waveform signal, forms a pulse width modulation signal.

[0005] In this embodiment, the signal conversion module converts the step control signal into a voltage ramp signal whose voltage value changes smoothly over time according to an exponential law. This voltage ramp signal, in conjunction with the reference waveform signal, forms a continuous and smooth pulse width modulation signal. By using the signal conversion module to replace the microcontroller's output pulse width modulation signal, its core is composed only of basic analog components such as resistors, capacitors, and switches, which can effectively reduce costs. This signal conversion module is a pure hardware analog circuit, not constrained by software control, which can fundamentally eliminate the risk of software failure. The circuit behavior is determined by physical laws, with high consistency and stability, which can meet the high reliability requirements of the actuator.

[0006] In one embodiment, the charging circuit includes a first resistor; Alternatively, the charging circuit may include a plurality of charging resistor components arranged in parallel, each of the charging resistor components including a first resistor and a first switching switch arranged in series, and the resistance values ​​of the plurality of first resistors being different.

[0007] In this embodiment, the charging circuit can be a single first resistor, resulting in a simple overall circuit structure and low cost. Alternatively, the discharging circuit includes multiple charging resistor components connected in parallel between the module input and output terminals. Each charging resistor component includes a first resistor and a first switching switch connected in series. The multiple first resistors have different resistance values, enabling multi-level adjustable boost conversion processing.

[0008] In one embodiment, the discharge circuit includes a second resistor; Alternatively, the discharge circuit may include multiple discharge resistor components connected in parallel, each of the discharge resistor components including a second resistor and a second switching switch connected in series, and the resistance values ​​of the multiple second resistors being different.

[0009] In this embodiment, the discharge circuit can be a single second resistor, resulting in a simple overall circuit structure and low cost. Alternatively, the charging circuit includes multiple discharge resistor components connected in parallel between the energy storage circuit and ground. Each discharge resistor component includes a second resistor and a second switching switch connected in series. The multiple second resistors have different resistance values, enabling multi-level adjustable step-down conversion processing.

[0010] In one embodiment, the energy storage circuit includes an energy storage capacitor; the first terminal of the energy storage capacitor is connected to the connection node between the charging circuit and the module output terminal, and the second terminal of the energy storage capacitor is grounded. The overall structure is simple and the cost is low. The switching circuit includes a control switch, the first end of which is connected to the input terminal of the module, and the second end of which is connected to the charging circuit. The overall structure is simple and the cost is low.

[0011] In one embodiment, the signal conversion module further includes a third resistor, the first end of which is connected to the discharge circuit, and the second end of which is connected to the output terminal of the module.

[0012] In this embodiment, a third resistor is connected in series between the discharge circuit and the module output terminal to shape the initial shape of the voltage ramp, making it smoother in the initial stage, thereby providing the motor with a gentler and more reliable starting torque.

[0013] In one embodiment, the signal conversion module further includes a diode, the anode of which is connected to a first terminal of the energy storage circuit, and the cathode of which is connected to the charging circuit.

[0014] In this embodiment, the diode is placed between the energy storage circuit and the charging circuit. By utilizing the unidirectional conductivity of the diode, the discharge time constant is made significantly smaller than the charging time constant, thereby achieving a customized effect where the stopping process is faster than the starting process.

[0015] A control device includes the aforementioned signal conversion module, reference waveform generation module, and pulse signal generation module; The first input terminal of the pulse signal generation module is connected to the signal conversion module and is used to receive the voltage ramp signal; The second input terminal of the pulse signal generation module is connected to the reference waveform generation module and is used to receive the reference waveform signal output by the reference waveform generation module. The output terminal of the pulse signal generation module is used to output a pulse width modulation signal based on the voltage ramp signal and the reference waveform signal.

[0016] In this embodiment, the signal conversion module converts the step control signal into a voltage ramp signal in which the voltage value changes smoothly over time according to an exponential law; the pulse signal generation module outputs a PWM signal based on the voltage ramp signal and the reference waveform signal output by the reference waveform generation module, so as to replace the microcontroller's output PWM signal. This control device is mainly composed of basic analog components, which has a low cost. Moreover, the control device is a hardware analog circuit, which is not constrained by software control, thus fundamentally eliminating the risk of software failure. The circuit behavior is determined by physical laws, with high consistency and stability, which can meet the high reliability requirements of the actuator.

[0017] A motor control circuit includes the aforementioned control device and a drive circuit, wherein the drive circuit is used to connect to a motor.

[0018] In this embodiment, since the control device can generate a PWM signal based on a step control signal to replace the microcontroller's output PWM signal, the control device is mainly composed of basic analog components, resulting in low cost and freedom from software control constraints, fundamentally eliminating the risk of software failure. The circuit behavior is determined by physical laws, exhibiting high consistency and stability, meeting the high reliability requirements of the actuator. Furthermore, this motor control circuit fundamentally solves the problem of mutual constraints between EMC design and motor control performance: since smooth speed regulation (soft start-stop) only occurs during the brief moments of motor start-up and stop, the motor operates in full-voltage mode for the majority of the operating time of the actuator connected to the motor. Therefore, sufficient filter capacitors and other filter components can be used without concern to meet the most stringent EMC test requirements, without worrying that these filter components will have any negative impact on the motor's speed regulation performance or ripple detection.

[0019] A motor control system includes the aforementioned motor control circuit and a motor, wherein the drive circuit in the motor control circuit is connected to the motor.

[0020] A vehicle including the aforementioned motor control system. Attached Figure Description

[0021] Figure 1 This is a first circuit diagram of the signal conversion module provided in an embodiment of this application; Figure 2 This is a second circuit diagram of the signal conversion module provided in the embodiments of this application; Figure 3 This is a third circuit diagram of the signal conversion module provided in the embodiments of this application; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the control device provided in an embodiment of this application; Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of a motor control circuit provided in an embodiment of this application; Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of a motor control system provided in an embodiment of this application; Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of a vehicle provided in an embodiment of this application; Figure 8 This is a timing diagram of key signal waveforms in an embodiment of this application.

[0022] In the diagram: 1. Signal conversion module; 11. Charging circuit; 12. Discharging circuit; 2. Reference waveform generation module; 3. Pulse signal generation module; 10. Control device; 20. Drive circuit; 30. Motor; 40. Window lifting mechanism. Detailed Implementation

[0023] To make the technical problems, technical solutions, and beneficial effects solved by this application clearer, the following detailed description is provided in conjunction with embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative and not intended to limit the scope of this application.

[0024] This application provides a signal conversion module 1, such as... Figures 1-3 As shown, the system includes a charging circuit 11, a discharging circuit 12, an energy storage circuit 13, and a switching circuit 14. The switching circuit 14 and the charging circuit 11 are connected in series between the module input terminal Vin and the module output terminal Vout. The first terminal of the energy storage circuit 13 is connected to the connection node between the charging circuit 11 and the module output terminal Vout, and the second terminal of the energy storage circuit 13 is grounded to GND. The first terminal of the discharging circuit 12 is connected to the first terminal of the energy storage circuit 13, and the second terminal of the discharging circuit 12 is grounded to GND. When the switching circuit 14 receives a step control signal, the module output terminal Vout of the signal conversion module 1 outputs a voltage ramp signal, which, together with the reference waveform signal, forms a pulse width modulation signal.

[0025] The charging circuit 11 charges the energy storage circuit 13. The discharging circuit 12 receives discharge from the energy storage circuit 13. A step control signal is a signal whose amplitude suddenly jumps from one constant value to another at a certain moment; for example, it can be a high-level signal or a low-level signal. A voltage ramp signal is a signal in which the voltage changes linearly with time.

[0026] As an example, the switching circuit 14 of the signal conversion module 1 is connected to a mechanical button or a peripheral controller. When the user operates the mechanical button or the peripheral controller, a step control signal can be output to control the switching circuit 14 to be turned on or off, so that the energy storage circuit 13 cooperates with the charging circuit 11 and the discharging circuit 12 to output a voltage ramp signal. The voltage ramp signal cooperates with the reference waveform signal to output a pulse width modulation signal (hereinafter referred to as PWM signal).

[0027] For example, when the step control signal is the start signal, the switch circuit 14 is turned on based on the received start signal. The circuit formed between the module input terminal Vin, the switch circuit 14, the charging circuit 11, the energy storage circuit 13 and ground GND is turned on. The input voltage of the module input terminal Vin charges the energy storage circuit 13 through the charging circuit 11, so that the voltage across the energy storage circuit 13 rises exponentially from 0V and gradually approaches the input voltage. At this time, the voltage of the module output terminal Vout also gradually rises, outputting a voltage ramp signal that smoothly rises from 0V to the input voltage, so as to generate a PWM signal based on the voltage ramp signal and the reference waveform signal.

[0028] For example, when the step control signal is a stop signal, the switching circuit 14 disconnects based on the received stop signal, and the energy storage circuit 13 discharges through the discharge circuit 12, causing the voltage across the energy storage circuit 13 to decrease exponentially from the current value and gradually approach 0V. At this time, the voltage at the module output terminal Vout also gradually decreases, outputting a voltage ramp signal that smoothly decreases from the input voltage to 0V, so that a PWM signal can be generated based on the voltage ramp signal and the reference waveform signal.

[0029] In this embodiment, the signal conversion module 1 converts the step control signal into a voltage ramp signal whose voltage value changes smoothly over time according to an exponential law. This voltage ramp signal, in conjunction with the reference waveform signal, forms a continuous and smooth pulse width modulation signal. The signal conversion module 1 replaces the microcontroller in outputting the pulse width modulation signal. Its core is composed only of basic analog components such as resistors, capacitors, and switches, which can effectively reduce costs. The signal conversion module 1 is a pure hardware analog circuit, which is not constrained by software control and can fundamentally eliminate the risk of software failure. The circuit behavior is determined by physical laws, with high consistency and stability, which can meet the high reliability requirements of the actuator.

[0030] In one embodiment, such as Figures 1-3 As shown, the charging circuit 11 includes a first resistor R1; or, the charging circuit 11 includes a plurality of charging resistor components arranged in parallel, each charging resistor component including a first resistor R11 / R12 / R13 and a first switching switch Q11 / Q12 / Q13 arranged in series, and the resistance values ​​of the plurality of first resistors R11 / R12 / R13 are different.

[0031] As an example, the charging circuit 11 can be a single first resistor R1, resulting in a simple overall circuit structure and low cost. When the switching circuit 14 receives the start signal, the input voltage of the module input terminal Vin charges the energy storage circuit 13 through the first resistor R1, causing the voltage across the energy storage circuit 13 to gradually rise, thus creating a voltage ramp signal at the module output terminal Vout that smoothly rises.

[0032] As another example, the charging circuit 11 includes multiple charging resistor components connected in parallel between the switching circuit 14 and the module output terminal Vout. Each charging resistor component includes a first resistor R11 / R12 / R13 and a first switching switch Q11 / Q12 / Q13 connected in series. The resistance values ​​of the multiple first resistors R11 / R12 / R13 are different, realizing multi-level adjustable boost conversion processing. For example, a charging resistor component with three levels can be set, with the corresponding first resistors R11 / R12 / R13 having resistance values ​​of 20k, 10k, and 5k respectively. According to the actual situation, any one of the first switching switches Q11 / Q12 / Q13 can be controlled to be turned on. When the switching circuit 14 receives a start signal, the first resistor R11 / R12 / R13 corresponding to the turned-on first switching switch Q11 / Q12 / Q13 charges the energy storage circuit 13, so as to select the first resistor R1 with different resistance values ​​to control the charging speed of the energy storage circuit 13, thereby adjusting the rise time of the PWM signal.

[0033] In one embodiment, such as Figures 1-3 As shown, the discharge circuit 12 includes a second resistor R2; or, the discharge circuit 12 includes a plurality of discharge resistor components arranged in parallel, each discharge resistor component including a second resistor R21 / R22 / R23 and a second switching switch Q21 / Q22 / Q23 arranged in series, and the resistance values ​​of the plurality of second resistors R21 / R22 / R23 are different.

[0034] As an example, the discharge circuit 12 can be a single second resistor R2, resulting in a simple overall circuit structure and low cost. When the switching circuit 14 receives a stop signal, the energy storage circuit 13 discharges to the second resistor R2, causing the voltage across the energy storage circuit 13 to gradually decrease, resulting in a voltage ramp signal with a smooth decrease in the output voltage Vout of the module.

[0035] As an example, the discharge circuit 12 includes multiple discharge resistor components connected in parallel between the energy storage circuit 13 and ground GND. Each discharge resistor component includes a second resistor R21 / R22 / R23 connected in series and a second switching switch Q21 / Q22 / Q23. The resistance values ​​of the multiple second resistors R21 / R22 / R23 are different, realizing multi-level adjustable step-down conversion processing. For example, three levels of discharge resistor components can be set, with the corresponding resistance values ​​of the second resistors R21 / R22 / R23 being 20kΩ, 10kΩ, and 5kΩ, respectively. According to the actual situation, any second switching switch Q21 / Q22 / Q23 can be controlled to be turned on. When the switching circuit 14 receives a stop signal, the second resistor R21 / R22 / R23 corresponding to the turned-on second switching switch Q21 / Q22 / Q23 in the energy storage circuit 13 is discharged, so as to select the second resistor R2 with different resistance values ​​to control the discharge speed of the energy storage circuit 13, thereby adjusting the fall time of the PWM signal.

[0036] In one embodiment, such as Figures 1-3 As shown, the energy storage circuit 13 includes an energy storage capacitor C1; the first end of the energy storage capacitor C1 is connected to the connection node between the charging circuit 11 and the module output terminal Vout, and the second end of the energy storage capacitor C1 is grounded to GND; the switching circuit 14 includes a control switch K1, the first end of the control switch K1 is connected to the module input terminal Vin, and the second end of the control switch K1 is connected to the charging circuit 11.

[0037] As an example, the energy storage circuit 13 can be implemented using an energy storage capacitor C1, one end of which is connected to the connection node between the charging circuit 11 and the module output terminal Vout, and the other end is grounded to GND. The overall structure is simple and the cost is low.

[0038] As an example, the switching circuit 14 can be implemented using a control switch K1, which can be a micro switch, a single-pole single-throw switch, or other switches. The control switch K1 is positioned between the module input terminal Vin and the charging circuit 11, resulting in a simple overall structure and low cost.

[0039] In one embodiment, such as Figures 1-3 As shown, the signal conversion module 1 also includes a third resistor R3. The first end of the third resistor R3 is connected to the discharge circuit 12, and the second end of the third resistor R3 is connected to the module output terminal Vout.

[0040] As an example, in order to optimize the torque characteristics at the moment of soft start and avoid possible starting weakness, a third resistor R3 with a specific resistance value can be connected in series between the discharge circuit 12 and the module output terminal Vout to shape the initial shape of the voltage ramp, making it smoother in the initial stage, thereby providing the motor 30 with a gentler and more reliable starting torque.

[0041] In one embodiment, such as Figures 1-3 As shown, the signal conversion module 1 also includes a diode D1, the anode of which is connected to the first terminal of the energy storage circuit 13, and the cathode of which is connected to the charging circuit 11.

[0042] As an example, in order to achieve asymmetric control of the start-up and stop processes and meet the actual needs of rapid deceleration and gentle closing, a diode D1 can be set between the energy storage circuit 13 and the charging circuit 11. By utilizing the unidirectional conductivity of the diode D1, the discharge time constant is made significantly smaller than the charging time constant, thereby achieving a customized effect where the stop process is faster than the start-up process.

[0043] This application provides a control device 10, such as... Figure 4As shown, the control device 10 includes a signal conversion module 1, a reference waveform generation module 2, and a pulse signal generation module 3 as described in the above embodiments. The first input terminal of the pulse signal generation module 3 is connected to the signal conversion module 1 and is used to receive a voltage ramp signal. The second input terminal of the pulse signal generation module 3 is connected to the reference waveform generation module 2 and is used to receive a reference waveform signal output by the reference waveform generation module 2. The output terminal of the pulse signal generation module 3 is used to output a pulse width modulation signal based on the voltage ramp signal and the reference waveform signal.

[0044] As an example, the control device 10 includes a signal conversion module 1, a reference waveform generation module 2, and a pulse signal generation module 3. The reference waveform generation module 2 can be an oscillator based on an operational amplifier, specifically used to generate a reference waveform signal with a fixed frequency and amplitude, which can be a triangular wave signal. The pulse signal generation module 3 includes a voltage comparator, and may also include a resistor, capacitor, or other components connected to the voltage comparator.

[0045] In this example, the first input terminal (e.g., the non-inverting input terminal) of the pulse signal generation module 3 is connected to the module output terminal Vout of the signal conversion module 1 to receive the voltage ramp signal; the second input terminal (e.g., the inverting input terminal) of the pulse signal generation module 3 is connected to the output terminal of the reference waveform generation module 2 to receive the reference waveform signal; the pulse signal generation module 3 outputs a PWM signal by comparing the instantaneous voltage of the voltage ramp signal and the reference waveform signal. The duty cycle of this PWM signal will completely follow the instantaneous value of the voltage ramp signal, achieving a continuous, stepless, and smooth transition from 0% to 100% (start) or from 100% to 0% (stop). In this example, the control device 10 can be connected to an external circuit or external device that needs to receive the PWM signal to output the PWM signal to control the operation of the external circuit or external device.

[0046] In this embodiment, the signal conversion module 1 converts the step control signal into a voltage ramp signal in which the voltage value changes smoothly over time according to an exponential law; the pulse signal generation module 3 outputs a PWM signal based on the voltage ramp signal and the reference waveform signal output by the reference waveform generation module 2, so as to replace the microcontroller's output PWM signal. The control device 10 is mainly composed of basic analog components, which has a low cost. Moreover, the control device 10 is a hardware analog circuit, which is not constrained by software control, thus fundamentally eliminating the risk of software failure. The circuit behavior is determined by physical laws, with high consistency and stability, which can meet the high reliability requirements of the actuator.

[0047] When a microcontroller generates a PWM signal to control the motor 30, the EMC design and the control performance of the motor 30 are mutually constrained. Specifically, to pass rigorous electromagnetic compatibility (EMC) testing, a filter capacitor (such as capacitor X) must be connected in parallel with the motor 30. While suppressing high-frequency electromagnetic interference, this filter capacitor (such as capacitor X) also smooths the PWM signal output by the microprocessor. Especially at low duty cycles (corresponding to low-speed starts), this can lead to insufficient starting torque in the motor 30, causing jitter or lag, severely impacting the user experience. More seriously, the filter capacitor attenuates the ripple signal in the motor 30's current, potentially interfering with or even causing the anti-pinch function based on ripple counting to fail, posing a safety hazard.

[0048] This application provides a motor control circuit, such as... Figure 5 As shown, it includes the control device 10 and drive circuit 20 in the above embodiments, and the drive circuit 20 is used to connect the motor 30.

[0049] As an example, the motor control circuit includes a control device 10 for outputting PWM signals and a drive circuit 20 connected to the control device 10. The drive circuit 20 is used to connect a motor 30, which can be connected to a window or other actuator. The drive circuit 20 here can be, but is not limited to, an H-bridge drive circuit, and the motor 30 is a ripple motor connected to the H-bridge drive circuit.

[0050] In this embodiment, after the user operates the mechanical button connected to the switch circuit 14 or the peripheral controller to input a step control signal to the switch circuit 14 of the control device 10, the control device 10 outputs a drive signal to the drive circuit 20. The drive circuit 20 responds to the drive signal and controls the motor 30 to rotate forward or reverse, thereby driving the actuator connected to the motor 30 to work. Since the control device 10 can generate a PWM signal based on the step control signal to replace the microcontroller's output PWM signal, the control device 10 is mainly composed of basic analog components, has a low cost, and is not constrained by software control, fundamentally eliminating the risk of software failure. The circuit behavior is determined by physical laws, with high consistency and stability, meeting the high reliability requirements of the actuator.

[0051] This motor control circuit fundamentally solves the problem of the mutual constraint between EMC design and the control performance of motor 30: Since smooth speed regulation (soft start / stop) only occurs for a brief moment (usually 1-2 seconds) during the start and stop of motor 30, motor 30 operates in full-voltage mode for the majority of the operating time (steady-state operation) of the actuator connected to motor 30. Therefore, sufficient filter capacitors (such as X capacitors) and other filter components can be used without concern to meet the most stringent EMC test requirements, and there is no need to worry that these filter components will have any negative impact on the speed regulation performance or ripple detection of motor 30.

[0052] This application provides a motor control system, such as... Figure 6 As shown, it includes the motor control circuit and motor 30 in the above embodiment, and the drive circuit 20 in the motor control circuit is connected to the motor 30.

[0053] In this embodiment, after receiving a step control signal, the motor control circuit, through user operation of a mechanical button connected to the switch circuit 14 or an external controller, inputs the step control signal to the switch circuit 14 of the control device 10. This causes the control device 10 to output a drive signal to the drive circuit 20. The drive circuit 20 responds to this drive signal, controlling the motor 30 to rotate forward or backward, thereby driving the actuator connected to the motor 30. Since the control device 10 can generate a PWM signal based on the step control signal, thus replacing the microcontroller's PWM signal output, and because the control device 10 is mainly composed of basic analog components, it has low cost and is not constrained by software control, fundamentally eliminating the risk of software failure. The circuit behavior is determined by physical laws, resulting in high consistency and stability, meeting the high reliability requirements of the actuator.

[0054] This application provides a vehicle including the motor control system described in the above embodiments.

[0055] In this embodiment, the vehicle is equipped with a motor control system, which is connected to the vehicle's actuator, which is a mechanism controlled by motor 30. The motor control system can generate a PWM signal based on the received step control signal, and then generate a drive signal based on the PWM signal. The drive signal controls motor 30 to rotate forward or backward, thereby driving the actuator connected to motor 30. Since the control device 10 can generate a PWM signal based on the step control signal, thus replacing the microcontroller's output PWM signal, the control device 10 is mainly composed of basic analog components, has low cost, and is not constrained by software control, fundamentally eliminating the risk of software failure. The circuit behavior is determined by physical laws, resulting in high consistency and stability, meeting the high reliability requirements of the actuator.

[0056] In one embodiment, such as Figure 7 As shown, the vehicle also includes a window lifting mechanism 40, and the motor 30 in the motor control system is connected to the window lifting mechanism 40.

[0057] As an example, the actuator can be a window lift mechanism 40, as shown in the attached diagram. Figure 8 This explains the two stages of the motor control system controlling the window lifting mechanism 40: Start-up phase: The start signal from the window switch button connected to the switch circuit 14 or the main control MCU is obtained. Utilizing the charging and discharging physical characteristics of the signal conversion module 1, the step control signal is converted into a voltage ramp signal with a gradually increasing voltage. The voltage ramp signal and the reference waveform signal output by the reference waveform generation module 2 are simultaneously input into the pulse signal generation module 3, so that the pulse signal generation module 3 outputs a PWM signal with a duty cycle that smoothly increases with the voltage ramp signal. This PWM signal controls the motor 30 directly or through the drive circuit 20 to achieve soft start. When the start-up process ends and the voltage ramp signal reaches its maximum value, the PWM signal will maintain a 100% duty cycle, and the motor 30 will enter a full-voltage, full-speed steady-state operation phase until a stop signal is received.

[0058] Stopping phase: Obtain the stop signal from the window switch button connected to the switch circuit 14 or the main control MCU. Utilize the charging and discharging physical characteristics of the signal conversion module 1 to convert the step control signal into a voltage ramp signal with a gradually decreasing voltage. Simultaneously input the voltage ramp signal and the reference waveform signal output by the reference waveform generation module 2 into the pulse signal generation module 3, so that the pulse signal generation module 3 outputs a PWM signal with a duty cycle that smoothly decreases with the voltage ramp signal. This PWM signal directly or through the drive circuit 20 controls the motor 30, so that the speed of the motor 30 decreases smoothly until it finally stops smoothly, achieving a soft stop without impact.

[0059] In this embodiment, by fundamentally changing the circuit architecture, the complex digital control problem is transformed into a simple analog signal processing problem. Utilizing the core idea of ​​"separation of transient and steady state," a new technical path for low-cost, high-reliability automotive electrical control is provided, with the following specific benefits: (1) Low-cost architecture: Reducing the microprocessor (MCU), the core circuit consists only of basic analog components such as resistors, capacitors, comparators, and operational amplifiers, achieving extreme optimization of material and R&D costs, and helping to reduce costs. (2) High reliability: Using a pure hardware analog circuit without software, the risk of software failure is fundamentally eliminated. The circuit behavior is determined by physical laws, with extremely high consistency and stability, making it particularly suitable for the high reliability requirements of automotive electronics for actuators. (3) Good control effect: PWM signals are generated using the natural exponential characteristics of capacitor and resistor charging and discharging. The duty cycle changes continuously and smoothly, resulting in acceleration and deceleration processes that perfectly match the mechanical inertia of the motor 30. The start-stop experience is very smooth and natural, far exceeding the step control effect of digital PWM. Compatible with existing anti-pinch systems, this motor control system, as a front-end control module, is positioned between the window switch buttons and the main control MCU. It only handles the smoothness of the start-stop phase and does not interfere with or depend on the anti-pinch function of the main control MCU. During steady-state operation, the main control MCU can still make reliable anti-pinch judgments based on clear ripple signals (due to the absence of speed regulation interference).

[0060] In this application, "multiple" refers to two or more.

[0061] In this application, unless otherwise expressly defined, the terms "installation," "connection," and "linking" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; they can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; and they can refer to the internal connection between two components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this application based on the specific circumstances.

[0062] The terms “first,” “second,” “third,” “fourth,” etc., in this application (if present) are used to distinguish similar objects and are not necessarily used to describe a specific order or sequence.

[0063] In this application, the term "and / or" is merely a description of the relationship between related objects, indicating that three relationships can exist. For example, A and / or B can represent: A existing alone, A and B existing simultaneously, or B existing alone. Additionally, in this application, the character " / " generally indicates that the preceding and following related objects have an "or" relationship.

[0064] Unless otherwise specified, all steps in this application may be performed sequentially or randomly. For example, if the method includes steps A and B, it means that the method may include steps A and B performed sequentially, or it may include steps B and A performed sequentially. For example, if the method may also include step C, it means that step C may be added to the method in any order. For example, the method may include steps A, B, and C, or it may include steps A, C, and B, or it may include steps C, A, and B, etc.

[0065] The above description is merely a preferred embodiment of this application and is not intended to limit this application. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, and improvements made within the spirit and principles of this application should be included within the protection scope of this application.

Claims

1. A signal conversion module, characterized by Includes charging circuits, discharging circuits, energy storage circuits, and switching circuits; The switching circuit and the charging circuit are connected in series between the module input terminal and the module output terminal; The first end of the energy storage circuit is connected to the connection node between the charging circuit and the output end of the module, and the second end of the energy storage circuit is grounded. The first terminal of the discharge circuit is connected to the first terminal of the energy storage circuit, and the second terminal of the discharge circuit is grounded. When the switching circuit receives a step control signal, the output terminal of the signal conversion module outputs a voltage ramp signal, which, together with the reference waveform signal, forms a pulse width modulation signal.

2. The signal conversion module of claim 1, wherein, The charging circuit includes a first resistor; Alternatively, the charging circuit may include a plurality of charging resistor components arranged in parallel, each of the charging resistor components including a first resistor and a first switching switch arranged in series, and the resistance values ​​of the plurality of first resistors being different.

3. The signal conversion module of claim 1, wherein, The discharge circuit includes a second resistor; Alternatively, the discharge circuit may include multiple discharge resistor components connected in parallel, each of the discharge resistor components including a second resistor and a second switching switch connected in series, and the resistance values ​​of the multiple second resistors being different.

4. The signal conversion module according to claim 1, characterized in that, The energy storage circuit includes an energy storage capacitor; the first end of the energy storage capacitor is connected to the connection node between the charging circuit and the output end of the module, and the second end of the energy storage capacitor is grounded. The switching circuit includes a control switch, the first end of which is connected to the input terminal of the module, and the second end of which is connected to the charging circuit.

5. The signal conversion module according to any one of claims 1-4, characterized in that, The signal conversion module further includes a third resistor, the first end of which is connected to the discharge circuit, and the second end of which is connected to the output terminal of the module.

6. The signal conversion module according to any one of claims 1-4, characterized in that, The signal conversion module also includes a diode, the anode of which is connected to the first terminal of the energy storage circuit, and the cathode of which is connected to the charging circuit.

7. A control device, characterized in that, Includes the signal conversion module, reference waveform generation module, and pulse signal generation module as described in any one of claims 1-6; The first input terminal of the pulse signal generation module is connected to the signal conversion module and is used to receive the voltage ramp signal; The second input terminal of the pulse signal generation module is connected to the reference waveform generation module and is used to receive the reference waveform signal output by the reference waveform generation module. The output terminal of the pulse signal generation module is used to output a pulse width modulation signal based on the voltage ramp signal and the reference waveform signal.

8. A motor control circuit, characterized in that, It includes the control device and drive circuit as described in claim 7, wherein the drive circuit is used to connect to the motor.

9. A motor control system, characterized in that, It includes the motor control circuit and motor as described in claim 8, wherein the drive circuit in the motor control circuit is connected to the motor.

10. A vehicle, characterized in that, Includes the motor control system as described in claim 9.

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