Fly ash full-seal negative pressure treatment and multi-stage dust removal device

Abstract

The application discloses a fly ash full-sealing negative pressure treatment and multi-stage dust removal device, and relates to the technical field of dust removal equipment. The device comprises a bottom plate and a sealing shell installed on the top of the bottom plate. A filter screen and a dust removal cloth bag are arranged on the inner side of the sealing shell. A linkage cleaning mechanism is arranged on the inner side of the sealing shell. The fly ash full-sealing negative pressure treatment and multi-stage dust removal device is characterized in that the linkage cleaning mechanism is arranged. The first servo motor synchronously drives the screw rod and the first rotating rod to rotate. The screw rod drives the moving block to move along the guide rod in the transverse direction. The cleaning brush on one side of the moving block can efficiently clean the dust on the filter screen. Meanwhile, the cam on the first rotating rod periodically presses the reciprocating plate. The reset action of the tension spring makes the piston plate reciprocate in the piston cylinder. The high-pressure gas generated is sprayed through the nozzle at the bottom of the cleaning ring. The dust removal cloth bag is back-flushed and cleaned. The filter screen and the dust removal cloth bag are synchronously cleaned. The problem of low dust cleaning efficiency of the existing device is effectively solved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of dust removal equipment technology, specifically to a fully sealed negative pressure treatment and multi-stage dust removal device for fly ash. Background Technology

[0002] Fly ash is a common pollutant in industrial production and usually requires the use of dust removal equipment to treat it.

[0003] For example, a dust removal device for exhibition halls, with Chinese announcement number CN211885852U, describes in its specification that "a dust removal device for exhibition halls is disclosed, including a dust removal housing, an air inlet, a filter screen, a dust removal bag, and an induced draft fan. A fixed plate is installed at the upper end of the interior of the dust removal housing, a pulse valve is fixed at the rear end of the pulse main pipe, a pulse tube is fixed to the pulse main pipe, an air inlet is fixed at the outer side of the middle of the left side plate of the dust removal housing, a filter screen is slidably installed inside the dust removal housing on the right side of the guide plate through a sliding groove, two sets of dust collection troughs are slidably installed inside the dust removal housing below the dust removal bag, a fan fixing cavity is provided at the upper end of the placement box, and a handle is fixed to the side of the fan fixing cavity."

[0004] However, the existing devices have the following shortcomings during use: In existing dust removal devices, gas is filtered through filter plates and dust collector bags during use, effectively removing dust from the air. A pulse valve controls the backflow gas, and high-pressure gas instantly enters the blower from the blower to remove dust from the dust collector bags. The high-pressure gas diverted from the pulse pipeline blows up the dust accumulated on the items, achieving a dust removal effect. However, it is not convenient to clean the filter plates and dust collector bags at the same time, resulting in low dust removal efficiency and a reduction in overall dust removal efficiency.

[0005] Therefore, we propose a fully sealed negative pressure treatment and multi-stage dust removal device for fly ash to solve the problems mentioned above. Summary of the Invention

[0006] The purpose of this invention is to provide a fully sealed negative pressure treatment and multi-stage dust removal device for fly ash. The device uses a first servo motor to synchronously drive a lead screw and a first rotating rod to rotate. The lead screw drives a moving block to move laterally along a guide rod. A cleaning brush on one side can efficiently clean the dust accumulated on the filter screen. At the same time, the cam on the first rotating rod periodically squeezes the reciprocating plate. With the reset action of the tension spring, the piston plate slides back and forth in the piston cylinder. The high-pressure gas generated is sprayed out through the nozzle at the bottom of the cleaning ring to backwash and clean the dust collector bag, thereby solving the problems mentioned in the background art.

[0007] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution: a fly ash fully sealed negative pressure treatment and multi-stage dust removal device, comprising a base plate and a sealed housing installed on the top of the base plate, wherein a filter screen and a dust collection bag are provided on the inner side of the sealed housing, and a linkage cleaning mechanism is provided on the inner side of the sealed housing; The linkage cleaning mechanism includes a guide rod and a partition plate fixedly connected to the inner side of the sealed housing. The dust collector bag is installed at the bottom of the partition plate. A lead screw and a first rotating rod are rotatably connected to the inner side of the sealed housing. A moving block is threaded onto the outer surface of the guide rod and the lead screw. A cleaning brush is installed on one side of the moving block. Two cams are fixedly sleeved on the outer surface of the first rotating rod. Multiple piston cylinders are installed on the top of the partition plate. Multiple piston plates are slidably connected inside the multiple piston cylinders. Multiple piston rods are fixedly connected to the top of the multiple piston plates. The top ends of the multiple piston rods move through the multiple piston cylinders and are fixedly connected to a reciprocating plate. Multiple tension springs are fixedly connected between the multiple piston cylinders and the multiple piston plates. A cleaning ring is fixedly connected to the bottom of the partition plate. The interior of the multiple piston cylinders and the cleaning ring are connected. Multiple nozzles are provided at the bottom of the multiple cleaning rings. A first servo motor for driving the lead screw and the first rotating rod to rotate synchronously is provided on the top of the sealed housing.

[0008] Preferably, a conveying mechanism is provided on the top of the base plate. The conveying mechanism includes a conveying cylinder installed on the top of the base plate. Two ash discharge pipes are fixedly connected to the bottom of the sealed housing. The bottom end of the ash discharge pipe is connected to the inside of the conveying cylinder.

[0009] Preferably, two ash discharge valves are installed on the two ash discharge pipes, a feed pipe is fixedly connected to the bottom of the conveying cylinder, a conveying shaft is rotatably connected to the inner surface of the conveying cylinder, a spiral plate is fixedly sleeved on the outer surface of the conveying shaft, and a second servo motor for driving the conveying shaft to rotate is fixedly installed at one end of the conveying cylinder.

[0010] Preferably, a cooling negative pressure mechanism is provided on one side of the sealed housing. The cooling negative pressure mechanism includes a mounting plate fixedly connected to one side of the sealed housing, and a centrifugal fan and a condenser are fixedly installed on the top of the mounting plate.

[0011] Preferably, the outlet of the centrifugal fan is fixedly connected to a fixed pipe that communicates with the inside of the sealed housing, the inlet of the centrifugal fan is fixedly connected to a condenser pipe, the end of the condenser pipe away from the centrifugal fan is fixedly connected to the outlet of the condenser, and the inlet of the condenser is fixedly connected to an inlet pipe.

[0012] Preferably, a mounting bracket is fixedly connected to the top of the sealing housing, and the first servo motor is fixedly mounted on the top of the mounting bracket. A rotating shaft is rotatably connected to the top inner side of the mounting bracket, and a second rotating rod is rotatably connected to the inner side of the sealing housing. The bottom end of the rotating shaft movably passes through the sealing housing, and two meshing bevel gears are fixedly sleeved on the bottom end of the rotating shaft and the outer surface of the second rotating rod.

[0013] Preferably, the outer surfaces of the second rotating rod and the first rotating rod are fixedly fitted with two meshing spur gears, and the diameter of one of the spur gears is larger than the diameter of the other spur gear.

[0014] Preferably, the smooth end of the lead screw movably passes through the sealed housing and is rotatably connected to the inner top of the mounting bracket. Two rotating wheels are fixedly sleeved on the outer surface of the lead screw and the rotating shaft, and a synchronous belt is drivenly connected to the outer surface of the two rotating wheels.

[0015] Preferably, the outer surfaces of the plurality of piston cylinders are fixedly connected to a plurality of vent pipes, and a plurality of first one-way valves are installed on the plurality of vent pipes. The cleaning ring is a circular ring structure, and the bottom of the cleaning ring is fixedly connected to a plurality of connecting pipes. A plurality of second one-way valves are installed on the plurality of connecting pipes, and a plurality of nozzles are installed at the ends of the plurality of connecting pipes away from the cleaning ring.

[0016] Preferably, the inner side of the sealing housing has two guide grooves, and two guide plates are slidably connected in the two guide grooves. The two guide plates are fixedly connected to the reciprocating plate. The top and bottom of the moving block are fixedly connected to two telescopic dust covers. The two telescopic dust covers are sleeved on the outer surface of the lead screw. The ends of the two telescopic dust covers away from the moving block are fixedly connected to the inner side of the sealing housing. The top of the sealing housing is fixedly connected to an air outlet pipe.

[0017] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are: 1. This invention utilizes a linkage cleaning mechanism. A first servo motor synchronously drives a lead screw and a first rotating rod to rotate. The lead screw drives a moving block to move laterally along a guide rod. A cleaning brush on one side of the lead screw can efficiently clean the dust accumulated on the filter screen. Simultaneously, a cam on the first rotating rod periodically presses against a reciprocating plate. Combined with the resetting action of a tension spring, this causes the piston plate to slide back and forth within the piston cylinder. The resulting high-pressure gas is ejected through a nozzle at the bottom of the cleaning ring, achieving backflushing cleaning of the dust collector bag. This realizes synchronous cleaning of the filter screen and the dust collector bag. This linkage design eliminates the need for a separate dust removal drive component, simplifies the structure, improves dust removal efficiency, avoids the decrease in dust removal efficiency caused by filter material clogging, ensures continuous and stable operation of the device, and effectively solves the problem of low dust removal efficiency in existing devices.

[0018] 2. This invention achieves leak-free disposal and efficient transfer of fly ash by combining a fully sealed negative pressure structure with a conveying mechanism. The sealed shell adopts a fully enclosed design, which, together with the stable negative pressure generated by the centrifugal fan in the cooling negative pressure mechanism, ensures that the dust-laden gas is fully drawn into the device for filtration, while preventing fly ash leakage during disposal and avoiding secondary pollution. The filtered fly ash falls into the conveying cylinder through the ash discharge pipe. The ash discharge valve can control the ash discharge rhythm. The second servo motor drives the conveying shaft and the spiral plate to rotate, smoothly conveying the fly ash to the discharge pipe for discharge. While cleaning up the accumulated ash in a timely manner, it avoids the tediousness and safety hazards of manual cleaning, improves the automation and environmental friendliness of fly ash disposal, and is suitable for scenarios in industrial production where fly ash is continuously generated.

[0019] 3. By setting up a cooling negative pressure mechanism, this invention extends the service life of the device and broadens its application range. In the cooling negative pressure mechanism, the condenser cools the gas entering the centrifugal fan through the condenser pipe, avoiding direct contact between the high-temperature dust-laden gas and the filter screen and dust collection bag, thus preventing the filter material from aging and being damaged due to high temperature. At the same time, the cooperation between the guide groove and the guide plate ensures the stability of the reciprocating plate movement, the telescopic dust cover prevents fly ash from entering the screw drive part and causing wear, and the reasonable ratio of bevel gears and spur gears and synchronous belt drive ensures the accuracy and efficiency of power transmission, improves the operational stability and reliability of the device, and enhances its overall practicality. Attached Figure Description

[0020] Figure 1 This is a perspective view of the main structure of a fully sealed negative pressure treatment and multi-stage dust removal device for fly ash according to the present invention; Figure 2 This is a three-dimensional view of the right side of a fly ash fully sealed negative pressure treatment and multi-stage dust removal device of the present invention; Figure 3 This is a three-dimensional cross-sectional view of the conveying cylinder in a fully sealed negative pressure treatment and multi-stage dust removal device for fly ash according to the present invention. Figure 4 This is a three-dimensional cross-sectional view of a fly ash fully sealed negative pressure treatment and multi-stage dust removal device according to the present invention; Figure 5 This is a three-dimensional view of the lead screw structure in a fully sealed negative pressure treatment and multi-stage dust removal device for fly ash according to the present invention; Figure 6 This is a three-dimensional structural view of the cleaning ring in a fully sealed negative pressure treatment and multi-stage dust removal device for fly ash according to the present invention; Figure 7 This is a three-dimensional cross-sectional view of the piston cylinder in a fully sealed negative pressure treatment and multi-stage dust removal device for fly ash according to the present invention. Figure 8 for Figure 5 Enlarged 3D view of the structure at point A in the middle.

[0021] In the diagram: 1. Base plate; 2. Sealed housing; 3. Filter screen; 4. Dust collector bag; 5. Linkage cleaning mechanism; 501. Guide rod; 502. Lead screw; 503. Moving block; 504. Cleaning brush; 505. First rotating rod; 506. Cam; 507. Partition plate; 508. Piston cylinder; 509. Piston plate; 510. Piston rod; 511. Reciprocating plate; 512. Tension spring; 513. Cleaning ring; 514. Nozzle; 515. First servo motor; 516. Mounting bracket; 517. Rotating shaft; 518. Second rotating rod; 519. Bevel gear; 520. Spur gear; 521. Rotary... 522. Wheel; 523. Synchronous belt; 524. Vent pipe; 525. First check valve; 526. Connecting pipe; 527. Second check valve; 528. Guide groove; 529. Guide plate; 520. Telescopic dust cover; 6. Conveying mechanism; 601. Conveying cylinder; 602. Ash discharge pipe; 603. Ash discharge valve; 604. Discharge pipe; 605. Conveying shaft; 606. Spiral plate; 607. Second servo motor; 7. Cooling negative pressure mechanism; 701. Mounting plate; 702. Centrifugal fan; 703. Fixed pipe; 704. Condenser; 705. Condenser pipe; 706. Inlet pipe; 8. Outlet pipe. Detailed Implementation

[0022] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0023] like Figure 1 - Figure 8 As shown, the present invention provides a technical solution: a fly ash fully sealed negative pressure treatment and multi-stage dust removal device, including a base plate 1 and a sealed housing 2 installed on the top of the base plate 1. A filter screen 3 and a dust collection bag 4 are provided on the inner side of the sealed housing 2, and a linkage cleaning mechanism 5 is provided on the inner side of the sealed housing 2. The linkage cleaning mechanism 5 includes a guide rod 501 and a partition 507 fixedly connected to the inside of the sealed housing 2. A dust collector bag 4 is installed at the bottom of the partition 507. A lead screw 502 and a first rotating rod 505 are rotatably connected to the inside of the sealed housing 2. A moving block 503 is threaded onto the outer surfaces of the guide rod 501 and the lead screw 502. A cleaning brush 504 is installed on one side of the moving block 503. Two cams 506 are fixedly sleeved on the outer surface of the first rotating rod 505. Multiple piston cylinders 508 are installed on the top of the partition 507. Multiple piston plates 509 are slidably connected inside the multiple piston cylinders 508. Multiple piston rods 510 are fixedly connected to the top of plate 509. The top ends of the multiple piston rods 510 movably pass through multiple piston cylinders 508 and are fixedly connected to reciprocating plates 511. Multiple tension springs 512 are fixedly connected between the multiple piston cylinders 508 and the multiple piston plates 509. A cleaning ring 513 is fixedly connected to the bottom of partition plate 507. The multiple piston cylinders 508 are connected to the interior of the cleaning ring 513. Multiple nozzles 514 are provided at the bottom of the multiple cleaning rings 513. A first servo motor 515 is provided at the top of the sealing housing 2 for driving the lead screw 502 and the first rotating rod 505 to rotate synchronously.

[0024] like Figure 1 and Figure 3 As shown, a conveying mechanism 6 is provided on the top of the base plate 1. The conveying mechanism 6 includes a conveying cylinder 601 installed on the top of the base plate 1. Two ash discharge pipes 602 are fixedly connected to the bottom of the sealed housing 2. The bottom end of the ash discharge pipes 602 is connected to the inside of the conveying cylinder 601. By setting the connection structure between the conveying cylinder 601 and the ash discharge pipes 602, a closed transfer channel is provided for the fly ash separated from the sealed housing 2. The fly ash can fall directly into the conveying cylinder 601 through the ash discharge pipes 602, avoiding accumulation at the bottom of the sealed housing 2 and preventing blockage, thus ensuring smooth airflow inside the device. At the same time, the setting of the conveying cylinder 601 makes the fly ash transfer and dust removal process independent and coordinated, eliminating the need for frequent manual opening of the sealed housing 2 to clean the accumulated ash, ensuring the continuity of the fully sealed negative pressure environment, laying the structural foundation for subsequent automated transfer, and improving the continuity of device operation.

[0025] like Figure 1 and Figure 3As shown, two ash discharge valves 603 are installed on the two ash discharge pipes 602. The bottom of the conveying cylinder 601 is fixedly connected to the discharge pipe 604. The inner surface of the conveying cylinder 601 is rotatably connected to the conveying shaft 605. The outer surface of the conveying shaft 605 is fixedly sleeved with a spiral plate 606. A second servo motor 607 for driving the conveying shaft 605 to rotate is fixedly installed at one end of the conveying cylinder 601. The ash discharge valves 603 can flexibly control the ash discharge rhythm according to the amount of fly ash in the conveying cylinder 601, avoiding excessive fly ash entering at one time and causing conveying blockage. The second servo motor 607 drives the conveying shaft 605 and the spiral plate 606 to rotate. Utilizing the smoothness of the spiral transmission, the fly ash is continuously and evenly conveyed to the discharge pipe 604 for centralized discharge, improving the transfer efficiency while avoiding fly ash residue. The entire structure requires no manual intervention, avoiding the safety hazards of manual cleaning and reducing secondary pollution caused by fly ash exposure.

[0026] like Figure 2 and Figure 4 As shown, a cooling negative pressure mechanism 7 is provided on one side of the sealed housing 2. The cooling negative pressure mechanism 7 includes an installation plate 701 fixedly connected to one side of the sealed housing 2. A centrifugal fan 702 and a condenser 704 are fixedly installed on the top of the installation plate 701. By constructing an integrated structure of the installation plate 701, the centrifugal fan 702 and the condenser 704, the functions of "negative pressure adsorption" and "gas cooling" are realized simultaneously. The installation plate 701 provides a stable mounting carrier for the centrifugal fan 702 and the condenser 704. The centrifugal fan 702 provides a continuous and stable negative pressure for the sealed housing 2, ensuring that the dust-laden gas is fully drawn into the device for filtration and improving the dust removal efficiency. The condenser 704 pre-treats and cools the high-temperature dust-laden gas, avoiding direct contact between the high-temperature gas and the filter screen 3 and the dust collection bag 4, thus extending the service life of the filter material.

[0027] like Figure 2 and Figure 4 As shown, the outlet of the centrifugal fan 702 is fixedly connected to a fixed pipe 703 that communicates with the inside of the sealed housing 2. The inlet of the centrifugal fan 702 is fixedly connected to a condenser pipe 705. The end of the condenser pipe 705 away from the centrifugal fan 702 is fixedly connected to the outlet of the condenser 704. The inlet of the condenser 704 is fixedly connected to an inlet pipe 706, which provides a dedicated channel for the dust-laden gas. The condenser pipe 705 connects the condenser 704 and the centrifugal fan 702, so that the dust-laden gas is cooled before entering the centrifugal fan 702, ensuring sufficient cooling effect. The fixed pipe 703 guides the cooled gas into the sealed housing 2, which not only ensures the accuracy of negative pressure adsorption but also avoids secondary heating of the gas. The entire gas path is sealed and continuous, with no risk of leakage.

[0028] like Figure 1 , Figure 2 , Figure 6 and Figure 8As shown, a mounting bracket 516 is fixedly connected to the top of the sealed housing 2, and the first servo motor 515 is fixedly mounted on the top of the mounting bracket 516. A rotating shaft 517 is rotatably connected to the top inner side of the mounting bracket 516, and a second rotating rod 518 is rotatably connected to the inner side of the sealed housing 2. The bottom end of the rotating shaft 517 extends through the sealed housing 2, and two meshing bevel gears 519 are fixedly sleeved on the bottom end of the rotating shaft 517 and the outer surface of the second rotating rod 518. By designing the transmission combination of the mounting bracket 516, the rotating shaft 517, the second rotating rod 518, and the bevel gears 519, a precise power steering and transmission path is provided for the linkage cleaning mechanism 5. The mounting bracket 516 fixes the first servo motor 515. It also provides stable support for the rotating shaft 517, ensuring transmission accuracy; the rotating shaft 517 and the second rotating rod 518 mesh with the bevel gear 519 to realize the power transfer from the vertical direction to the horizontal direction, so that the power of the first servo motor 515 synchronously drives the lead screw 502 and the first rotating rod 505, ensuring the coordinated action of the cleaning brush 504 cleaning the filter screen and the nozzle 514 backflushing the bag; the bevel gear 519 has a stable transmission ratio and strong load-bearing capacity, avoiding power transmission loss or jamming, and improving the operational stability of the linkage cleaning mechanism 5; a seal is provided at the penetration part between the rotating shaft 517 and the sealing housing 2, which can isolate the inside and outside of the sealing housing 2, prevent negative pressure loss and fly ash leakage, and maintain the internal sealing state of the device.

[0029] like Figure 1 , Figure 4 , Figure 6 and Figure 8 As shown, two meshing spur gears 520 are fixedly sleeved on the outer surfaces of the second rotating rod 518 and the first rotating rod 505, and the diameter of one spur gear 520 is larger than the diameter of the other spur gear 520. By setting meshing spur gears 520 with different diameters, the rotation speed of different actions of the linkage cleaning mechanism 5 is adapted to optimize the dust removal effect. Since the cleaning brush 504 needs to move smoothly and slowly to ensure comprehensive cleaning of the filter screen 3, and the nozzle 514 needs to spray air at high frequency to increase the force when backflushing the dust collection bag 4, the spur gears 520 with different diameters form a specific transmission ratio, so that the rotation speed of the first rotating rod 505 is higher than that of the second rotating rod 518, which meets the speed requirements of the two dust removal actions.

[0030] like Figure 4 , Figure 5 and Figure 8As shown, the smooth end of the lead screw 502 moves through the sealed housing 2 and is rotatably connected to the inner top of the mounting bracket 516. Two rotating wheels 521 are fixedly sleeved on the outer surface of the lead screw 502 and the rotating shaft 517. The outer surfaces of the two rotating wheels 521 are connected to a synchronous belt 522. Through the transmission design of the rotating wheels 521 and the synchronous belt 522, the synchronous and precise rotation of the lead screw 502 and the rotating shaft 517 is achieved, ensuring the smoothness of the filter cleaning action. The synchronous belt 522 provides smooth transmission, no slippage, and precise transmission ratio, ensuring the rotation... When shaft 517 rotates, lead screw 502 rotates synchronously at the same speed, preventing the moving block 503 from jamming or deviating when moving along guide rod 501, so that cleaning brush 504 can evenly and thoroughly clean the dust accumulated on filter screen 3; at the same time, synchronous belt 522 has low transmission noise and low wear, making it more suitable for operation in dusty environments, reducing the maintenance frequency of transmission components and improving the durability of the device; a seal is provided at the penetration part between lead screw 502 and sealing housing 2, which can isolate the inside and outside of sealing housing 2, prevent negative pressure loss and fly ash leakage, and maintain the internal sealing state of the device.

[0031] like Figure 6 , Figure 7 and Figure 8 As shown, multiple piston cylinders 508 have multiple vent pipes 523 fixedly connected to their outer surfaces. Multiple first one-way valves 524 are installed on the vent pipes 523. The cleaning ring 513 has a circular structure, and multiple connecting pipes 525 are fixedly connected to its bottom. Multiple second one-way valves 526 are installed on the connecting pipes 525. Multiple nozzles 514 are installed at the ends of the connecting pipes 525 furthest from the cleaning ring 513. By configuring the vent pipes 523, first one-way valves 524, connecting pipes 525, and second one-way valves 526, one-way intake and one-way exhaust of gas within the piston cylinders 508 are achieved, ensuring efficient and stable backflushing cleaning. The first one-way valves... 524 allows only external gas to enter the piston cylinder 508 through the vent pipe 523, preventing gas backflow when the piston plate 509 is pressed down; the second one-way valve 526 allows only the high-pressure gas in the piston cylinder 508 to be ejected through the connecting pipe 525 and the nozzle 514, preventing gas backflow or fly ash from entering the cleaning ring 513 and the piston cylinder 508 during backflush and causing blockage; together, the piston plate 509 continuously generates a stable high-pressure backflush airflow when it reciprocates, ensuring that the gas ejected from the nozzle 514 has sufficient pressure. At the same time, the nozzle 514 is set at an angle to effectively peel off the attached dust on the dust collector bag 4, while protecting the air circuit system from fly ash contamination and extending the service life of the backflush mechanism.

[0032] like Figure 4 , Figure 5 and Figure 8As shown, two guide grooves 527 are formed on the inner side of the sealing housing 2. Two guide plates 528 are slidably connected in the two guide grooves 527, and the two guide plates 528 are fixedly connected to the reciprocating plate 511. Two telescopic dust covers 529 are fixedly connected to the top and bottom of the moving block 503. The two telescopic dust covers 529 are sleeved on the outer surface of the lead screw 502. The ends of the two telescopic dust covers 529 away from the moving block 503 are fixedly connected to the inner side of the sealing housing 2. An air outlet pipe 8 is fixedly connected to the top of the sealing housing 2, and is connected to the guide plates 528 through the guide grooves 527. The cooperation of 8 provides precise motion guidance for the reciprocating plate 511, preventing the reciprocating plate 511 from shifting or tilting under the pressure of the cam 506, ensuring that the piston plate 509 slides smoothly in the piston cylinder 508, and ensuring stable backflow airflow; the telescopic dust cover 529 can effectively block fly ash from entering the threaded connection between the lead screw 502 and the moving block 503, avoiding thread wear and jamming, and extending the service life of the mechanism; the exhaust pipe 8 provides an exhaust channel for the filtered clean gas, ensuring a stable negative pressure environment in the sealed housing 2, preventing the clean gas from mixing with the dust-laden gas, and ensuring the dust removal effect.

[0033] The usage and working principle of this device: During the cooling and negative pressure stage, the air inlet pipe 706 is connected to the fly ash discharge port. The condenser 704 is started to preheat first. After the cooling system is stable, the centrifugal fan 702 is started to draw in dust-laden gas through the air inlet pipe 706. After being cooled by the condenser pipe 705, the gas is introduced into the sealed housing 2 through the fixed pipe 703, so that a stable negative pressure environment is formed inside the sealed housing 2. In the multi-stage filtration and dust removal stage, when the centrifugal fan 702 is working, it creates a negative pressure in the sealed housing 2, generating a directional airflow that forces the dust-laden gas through the filter screen 3 and the dust collection bag 4. Under the action of negative pressure, the dust-laden gas first passes through the filter screen 3 for preliminary filtration, intercepting large particles of fly ash, and then passes through the dust collection bag 4 for deep filtration, where fine dust is trapped. The clean gas is discharged through the outlet pipe 8. During the coordinated dust removal phase, when dust accumulates on the filter screen 3 and dust collector bag 4, increasing airflow resistance, the first servo motor 515 is activated. This drives the lead screw 502 to rotate via the rotating wheel 521 and synchronous belt 522, causing the moving block 503 to move laterally along the guide rod 501. Simultaneously, the cleaning brush 504 cleans the dust accumulated on the surface of the filter screen 3. At the same time, the first servo motor 515 drives the second rotating rod 518 to rotate via the rotating shaft 517 and bevel gear 519. This rotation is then transmitted to the first rotating rod 505 via spur gears 520 of different diameters, causing the cam 506 to periodically press against the reciprocating plate 511. The reciprocating plate 511... During the movement, the guide groove 527 and guide plate 528 ensure the smooth movement of the reciprocating plate 511. With the reset action of the tension spring 512, the piston plate 509 is driven to slide back and forth in the piston cylinder 508. When the piston plate 509 moves upward, the outside gas enters the piston cylinder 508 through the vent pipe 523 and the first one-way valve 524. When the piston plate 509 moves downward, the gas in the cylinder is compressed to form a high-pressure airflow, which is sprayed out from the nozzle 514 through the cleaning ring 513, the connecting pipe 525, and the second one-way valve 526. The nozzle 514 is set at an angle, so that the sprayed high-pressure gas backwashes the dust collector bag 4 and the dust accumulation on the surface. During the fly ash transfer stage, the filtered and separated fly ash and the cleaned fly ash fall to the bottom of the sealed housing 2 under the action of gravity. By opening the ash discharge pipe 602, the fly ash falls into the conveying cylinder 601. The second servo motor 607 is started to drive the conveying shaft 605 and the spiral plate 606 to rotate. Utilizing the continuity and sealing of the spiral drive, the fly ash is smoothly transported to the discharge pipe 604 for centralized collection, avoiding secondary pollution caused by fly ash exposure.

[0034] Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art can still modify the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments or make equivalent substitutions for some of the technical features. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A fully sealed negative pressure treatment and multi-stage dust removal device for fly ash, comprising a base plate (1) and a sealed housing (2) installed on the top of the base plate (1), wherein a filter screen (3) and a dust collection bag (4) are provided on the inner side of the sealed housing (2), characterized in that: The inner side of the sealed housing (2) is provided with a linkage cleaning mechanism (5). The linkage cleaning mechanism (5) includes a guide rod (501) and a partition (507) fixedly connected to the inside of the sealed housing (2). The dust collector bag (4) is installed at the bottom of the partition (507). A lead screw (502) and a first rotating rod (505) are rotatably connected to the inside of the sealed housing (2). A moving block (503) is threaded onto the outer surface of the guide rod (501) and the lead screw (502). A cleaning brush (504) is installed on one side of the moving block (503). Two cams (506) are fixedly sleeved on the outer surface of the first rotating rod (505). Multiple piston cylinders (508) are installed on the top of the partition (507). Multiple piston plates (509) are slidably connected inside the multiple piston cylinders (508). Multiple piston rods (510) are fixedly connected to the top of the piston plate (509). The top ends of the multiple piston rods (510) movably pass through multiple piston cylinders (508) and are fixedly connected to a reciprocating plate (511). Multiple tension springs (512) are fixedly connected between the multiple piston cylinders (508) and the multiple piston plates (509). A cleaning ring (513) is fixedly connected to the bottom of the partition plate (507). The multiple piston cylinders (508) are connected to the interior of the cleaning ring (513). Multiple nozzles (514) are provided at the bottom of the multiple cleaning rings (513). A first servo motor (515) is provided at the top of the sealing housing (2) for driving the lead screw (502) and the first rotating rod (505) to rotate synchronously.

2. The fly ash fully sealed negative pressure treatment and multi-stage dust removal device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The bottom plate (1) is provided with a conveying mechanism (6), which includes a conveying cylinder (601) installed on the top of the bottom plate (1). The bottom of the sealed housing (2) is fixedly connected to two ash discharge pipes (602), and the bottom end of the ash discharge pipes (602) is connected to the inside of the conveying cylinder (601).

3. The fly ash fully sealed negative pressure treatment and multi-stage dust removal device according to claim 2, characterized in that: Two ash discharge valves (603) are installed on the two ash discharge pipes (602). The bottom of the conveying cylinder (601) is fixedly connected to the discharge pipe (604). The inner surface of the conveying cylinder (601) is rotatably connected to the conveying shaft (605). The outer surface of the conveying shaft (605) is fixedly sleeved with a spiral plate (606). One end of the conveying cylinder (601) is fixedly installed with a second servo motor (607) for driving the conveying shaft (605) to rotate.

4. The fly ash fully sealed negative pressure treatment and multi-stage dust removal device according to claim 1, characterized in that: A cooling negative pressure mechanism (7) is provided on one side of the sealed housing (2). The cooling negative pressure mechanism (7) includes an installation plate (701) fixedly connected to one side of the sealed housing (2). A centrifugal fan (702) and a condenser (704) are fixedly installed on the top of the installation plate (701).

5. The fly ash fully sealed negative pressure treatment and multi-stage dust removal device according to claim 4, characterized in that: The outlet of the centrifugal fan (702) is fixedly connected to a fixed pipe (703) that communicates with the inside of the sealed housing (2). The inlet of the centrifugal fan (702) is fixedly connected to a condenser pipe (705). The end of the condenser pipe (705) away from the centrifugal fan (702) is fixedly connected to the outlet of the condenser (704). The inlet of the condenser (704) is fixedly connected to an inlet pipe (706).

6. The fly ash fully sealed negative pressure treatment and multi-stage dust removal device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The top of the sealed housing (2) is fixedly connected to a mounting bracket (516), and the first servo motor (515) is fixedly installed on the top of the mounting bracket (516). The top of the inner side of the mounting bracket (516) is rotatably connected to a rotating shaft (517), and the inner side of the sealed housing (2) is rotatably connected to a second rotating rod (518). The bottom end of the rotating shaft (517) moves through the sealed housing (2), and the bottom end of the rotating shaft (517) and the outer surface of the second rotating rod (518) are fixedly sleeved with two meshing bevel gears (519).

7. The fly ash fully sealed negative pressure treatment and multi-stage dust removal device according to claim 6, characterized in that: The second rotating rod (518) and the outer surface of the first rotating rod (505) are fixedly fitted with two meshing spur gears (520), and the diameter of one of the spur gears (520) is larger than the diameter of the other spur gear (520).

8. The fly ash fully sealed negative pressure treatment and multi-stage dust removal device according to claim 6, characterized in that: The smooth end of the lead screw (502) moves through the sealed housing (2) and is rotatably connected to the inner top of the mounting bracket (516). The lead screw (502) and the outer surface of the rotating shaft (517) are fixedly sleeved with two rotating wheels (521), and the outer surfaces of the two rotating wheels (521) are connected by a synchronous belt (522).

9. The fly ash fully sealed negative pressure treatment and multi-stage dust removal device according to claim 6, characterized in that: Multiple piston cylinders (508) are fixedly connected to multiple vent pipes (523) on their outer surfaces. Multiple first check valves (524) are installed on the multiple vent pipes (523). The cleaning ring (513) is a circular ring structure. Multiple connecting pipes (525) are fixedly connected to the bottom of the cleaning ring (513). Multiple second check valves (526) are installed on the multiple connecting pipes (525). Multiple nozzles (514) are installed at the ends of the multiple connecting pipes (525) away from the cleaning ring (513).

10. The fly ash fully sealed negative pressure treatment and multi-stage dust removal device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The inner side of the sealing housing (2) has two guide grooves (527), and two guide plates (528) are slidably connected in the two guide grooves (527). The two guide plates (528) are fixedly connected to the reciprocating plate (511). The top and bottom of the moving block (503) are fixedly connected to two telescopic dust covers (529). The two telescopic dust covers (529) are sleeved on the outer surface of the lead screw (502). The end of the two telescopic dust covers (529) away from the moving block (503) is fixedly connected to the inner side of the sealing housing (2). The top of the sealing housing (2) is fixedly connected to an air outlet pipe (8).

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