Modular ultrasonic loading device and loading method

Abstract

This invention relates to the field of additive manufacturing technology and discloses a modular ultrasonic loading device and method. The ultrasonic loading device includes an ultrasonic device, a fixed loading module, and a synchronous loading module. The ultrasonic device is used to apply ultrasonic vibration to the surface of a molten pool or substrate in metal additive manufacturing. The fixed loading module is used to fix the ultrasonic device on or around a worktable used to fix the substrate. The synchronous loading module is used to connect the ultrasonic device to the additive manufacturing system. When the required loading mode is a fixed ultrasonic loading mode, the fixed loading module is selected and connected to the ultrasonic device. When the required loading mode is a synchronous ultrasonic loading mode, the synchronous loading module is selected and connected to the ultrasonic device. This invention enables ultrasonic vibration to act stably and accurately on the surface of the molten pool or substrate, and can be synchronized with the additive manufacturing process, thereby improving the uniformity and mechanical properties of the deposited layer structure.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of additive manufacturing technology, and specifically to a modular ultrasonic loading device and loading method, particularly a modular ultrasonic loading device and loading method with fixed and synchronous dual-mode switching. Background Technology

[0002] In metal additive manufacturing, the molten pool is typically accompanied by a high temperature gradient and rapid cooling rate. These non-equilibrium solidification conditions promote preferential grain growth along the heat flow direction, leading to the formation of coarse and continuous columnar grain structures. The presence of columnar grains not only results in significant anisotropy in the mechanical properties of the component but also weakens grain boundary bonding, reduces the alloy's ductility and toughness, and thus increases the risk of crack initiation and propagation. Ultimately, coarse columnar grains severely affect the structural stability and service reliability of the weld or deposited layer.

[0003] To improve the aforementioned structural defects, ultrasound-assisted technology has been gradually introduced into the molten pool control process. When ultrasound waves propagate in the molten pool, they induce cavitation and acoustic flow effects. The formation and collapse of cavitation bubbles generate instantaneous high-temperature and high-pressure impacts in localized areas, breaking up the epitaxially grown columnar crystals. Simultaneously, the acoustic flow effect enhances heat and mass transfer within the molten pool, significantly increasing the undercooling at the solid-liquid interface. Under the synergistic effect of these two mechanisms, the number of heterogeneous nucleation sites in the molten pool increases, while the epitaxial growth of columnar crystals is suppressed, ultimately achieving microstructure refinement and improving the mechanical properties of the component.

[0004] Existing ultrasonic-assisted devices have several limitations in application: one type of device, through fixed installation, can achieve stable ultrasonic propagation between the amplitude transformer and the workpiece, but because ultrasonic energy attenuates with propagation distance, this type of device is not suitable for processing large-sized components; another type of device is installed on a moving mechanism and can maintain stable ultrasonic intensity through the synchronous displacement of the heat source and the ultrasonic head, but the contact stability between the amplitude transformer and the deposition layer is difficult to guarantee. Furthermore, most ultrasonic-assisted devices cannot simultaneously support both fixed and servo-driven operating modes, and the loading angle is not adjustable, making it difficult to accurately adjust the loading force, thus failing to meet the flexible application requirements under different working conditions. Summary of the Invention

[0005] To address the shortcomings of existing technologies, this invention provides a modular ultrasonic loading device and loading method, which enables ultrasonic vibration energy to act stably and accurately on the molten pool or substrate surface, and can be synchronized with the additive manufacturing process, thereby improving the uniformity of the deposited layer structure and mechanical properties.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution:

[0007] In a first aspect, the present invention provides a modular ultrasonic loading device, comprising an ultrasonic device, a fixed loading module, and a synchronous loading module; the ultrasonic device is used to perform ultrasonic vibration on a molten pool or substrate surface in metal additive manufacturing; the fixed loading module is used to fix the ultrasonic device on a worktable or around the worktable for fixing the substrate; and the synchronous loading module is used to connect the ultrasonic device to an additive manufacturing system; when the required loading mode is a fixed ultrasonic loading mode, the fixed loading module is selected to be connected to the ultrasonic device; when the required loading mode is a synchronous ultrasonic loading mode, the synchronous loading module is selected to be connected to the ultrasonic device.

[0008] In conjunction with the first aspect, both the fixed loading module and the synchronous loading module are further provided with an angle adjustment mechanism, which is used to adjust the loading angle of the ultrasonic device.

[0009] In conjunction with the first aspect, the ultrasonic device further includes a modular frame, a cylinder, and an ultrasonic transducer assembly; the cylinder is fixed on the modular frame and is used to drive the ultrasonic transducer assembly to move, so as to adjust the distance between the ultrasonic head located at the end of the ultrasonic transducer assembly and the worktable.

[0010] In conjunction with the first aspect, the ultrasonic device of the present invention further includes a lower clamping block for clamping the ultrasonic transducer assembly, a slide rail, a slider connected to the lower clamping block, and a slide rail matched with the slider; the slide rail is disposed within a modular frame, and the output end of the cylinder is connected to the lower clamping block for pushing the lower clamping block to move, thereby realizing the movement of the ultrasonic transducer assembly.

[0011] In conjunction with the first aspect, the ultrasonic device of the present invention further includes an upper clamping block for clamping the ultrasonic transducer assembly, the upper clamping block being disposed above the lower clamping block; there are at least two sliders, and the upper clamping block is also connected to the slide rail via the sliders to improve the stability of the ultrasonic transducer assembly during movement.

[0012] In conjunction with the first aspect, the ultrasonic device further includes a guide support plate, which is disposed on a modular frame, and a slide rail is disposed on the guide support plate.

[0013] Preferably, to further ensure stability during the loading process, there are two cylinders, stacked on both sides of the modular frame; there are two guide support plates, symmetrically arranged at the front and rear of the modular frame; there are two slide rails, each set on one guide support plate; there are four sliders, with the upper clamping block and the lower clamping block each connected to two sliders. The sliders and the slide rails mounted on the guide support plates precisely cooperate to ensure the translational motion of the ultrasonic transducer assembly during movement.

[0014] In conjunction with the first aspect, the fixed loading module further includes two symmetrically arranged side plates and a connecting plate for connecting the two side plates; the upper part of the side plate has a second mounting hole for connecting to the ultrasonic device, and the lower part has a fixed mounting hole for connecting to the worktable; the ultrasonic device has a first mounting hole; the ultrasonic device is connected to the fixed loading module through the first mounting hole and the second mounting hole.

[0015] In conjunction with the first aspect, the side plate is further provided with an arc-shaped groove, which is positioned above the second mounting hole; the ultrasonic device is also provided with a corner hole; the ultrasonic device achieves angle adjustment relative to the fixed loading module through the corner hole and the arc-shaped groove. Thus, the arc-shaped groove and the corner hole constitute the angle adjustment mechanism on the fixed loading module.

[0016] Preferably, the ultrasonic device can be adjusted from 0 to 90° relative to the fixed loading module. Before operation, the angle is adjusted and the relative position of the ultrasonic device and the fixed loading module is locked using the first fastener.

[0017] In conjunction with the first aspect, the synchronous loading module further includes an arc-shaped plate, one end of which has a second groove for connecting to the ultrasonic device, and the other end has a synchronous mounting hole for connecting to the additive manufacturing system; the ultrasonic device has a first groove for connecting to the second groove, thereby realizing the angle adjustment of the ultrasonic device relative to the synchronous loading module.

[0018] In conjunction with the first aspect, the synchronous loading module further includes a second fastener that passes through the first slide groove and can slide within the second slide groove. By locking the second fastener at different positions, the ultrasonic loading angle can be adjusted. Thus, the first slide groove, the second slide groove, and the second fastener constitute the angle adjustment mechanism on the synchronous loading module. Preferably, the ultrasonic device allows for ultrasonic loading angle adjustment within a range of 0-60° relative to the synchronous loading module.

[0019] Preferably, the second groove 6-1 is arc-shaped.

[0020] In conjunction with the first aspect, the modular frame further includes two symmetrically arranged side plates, and the first groove, the first mounting hole, and the corner hole are all formed on the side plates. Furthermore, one side plate has two parallel first grooves, and two matching second grooves.

[0021] In conjunction with the first aspect, the cylinder is further used to achieve force adjustment within the range of 0 to 1530 N. The power of the ultrasonic transducer is adjustable from 200 to 1800 W, the amplitude is adjustable from 0 to 32 μm, and the ultrasonic frequency is fixed at 20 kHz.

[0022] Secondly, the present invention proposes a modular ultrasonic loading method, which uses the aforementioned modular ultrasonic loading device to achieve ultrasonic loading, including the following steps:

[0023] Step S1: Secure the substrate to the worktable and install the worktable within the processing area of ​​the additive manufacturing system;

[0024] Step S2: Select the fixed loading module or synchronous loading module according to the required loading mode, and connect it to the ultrasonic device to complete the installation;

[0025] Step S3: Adjust the loading force, loading angle, and ultrasonic parameters using the ultrasonic device. The loading force is adjusted within the range of 0~1530 N using the loading cylinder, and the loading angle is adjusted according to the selected loading module. The adjustment range is 0~60° in synchronous ultrasonic loading mode and 0~90° in fixed ultrasonic loading mode. The ultrasonic power and amplitude are adjusted within the ranges of 200~1800 W and 0~32 μm, respectively.

[0026] Step S4: After completing the ultrasonic loading adjustment, the process planning and process condition settings are performed through the additive manufacturing system. The process planning includes setting the additive path planning, and the process condition settings include setting the laser power, wire feed speed and protective gas flow rate parameters.

[0027] Step S5: After the process planning and process conditions are set, start the ultrasonic transducer and the laser in the additive manufacturing system in sequence to make the ultrasonic loading and the molten pool formation process work synchronously to achieve ultrasonic control of the solidification structure of the molten pool; after the deposition is completed, turn off the ultrasonic transducer and the laser in the additive manufacturing system in sequence.

[0028] The loading device of this invention employs a cylinder drive and a guide rail-slider support structure, achieving precise control and stable application of the loading force, effectively solving the problem of unstable loading. Simultaneously, the loading device of this invention, through its modular design, can flexibly switch between different working modes, thus overcoming the limitation of a single application mode. Furthermore, the loading device of this invention incorporates an adjustment mechanism, allowing for convenient and precise adjustment of the loading angle, solving the problem of difficult loading adjustment. Therefore, this invention can improve the applicability and operational precision of ultrasonic loading in additive manufacturing.

[0029] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0030] (1) The present invention is an ultrasonic loading device that can achieve modular installation, controllable loading force, adjustable loading angle, and can quickly switch between fixed ultrasonic loading mode and synchronous ultrasonic loading mode, so that ultrasonic vibration can act stably and accurately on the molten pool or substrate surface, and can be synchronized with the additive manufacturing process, thereby improving the uniformity of the deposited layer structure and mechanical properties.

[0031] (2) By replacing the fixed loading module and the synchronous loading module, the present invention can realize two working modes: "synchronous" and "fixed". In the synchronous ultrasonic loading mode, the ultrasonic device moves with the heat source, which is suitable for large-sized components and can ensure uniform ultrasonic action. In the fixed ultrasonic loading mode, the ultrasonic device performs local vibration on the workpiece, which is suitable for small components, thereby solving the problem of the single function of the existing ultrasonic auxiliary device and broadening the application range.

[0032] (3) The present invention adopts a cylinder drive combined with a guide rail-slider parallel motion mechanism, which can apply a continuous, stable and adjustable loading force to ensure that the ultrasonic head of the ultrasonic transducer is closely attached to the substrate, realize efficient energy transfer, effectively improve the repeatability and consistency of the deposition process, and reduce the dependence on the surface quality of the deposited layer.

[0033] (4) The present invention adopts a modular frame equipped with an adjustment mechanism, which supports a wide range of adjustment of the ultrasonic loading angle in different modes. Users can optimize the ultrasonic action angle according to the molten pool shape, heat flow direction and process requirements to achieve precise control of the solidification process and enhance process flexibility and controllability. Attached Figure Description

[0034] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the ultrasonic loading device in a fixed ultrasonic loading mode in Embodiment 1 of the present invention;

[0035] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the ultrasonic loading device in synchronous ultrasonic loading mode in Embodiment 1 of the present invention;

[0036] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the fixed loading module in Embodiment 1 of the present invention;

[0037] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the synchronous loading module in Embodiment 1 of the present invention;

[0038] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the ultrasonic device in Embodiment 1 of the present invention.

[0039] The meanings of the reference numerals in the figure are as follows:

[0040] 1. Additive manufacturing system; 2. Substrate; 3. Worktable; 4. Ultrasonic device; 4-1. Cylinder; 4-2. Guide support plate; 4-3. Lower clamping block; 4-4. Ultrasonic transducer assembly; 4-5. Slide rail; 4-6. Slider; 4-7. Upper clamping block; 4-8. Corner hole; 4-9. Modular frame; 4-10. First mounting hole; 4-11. First slide groove; 5. Fixed loading module; 5-1. Arc-shaped slide groove; 5-2. Second mounting hole; 5-3. Fixed mounting hole; 6. Synchronous loading module; 6-1. Second slide groove; 6-2. Synchronous mounting hole. Detailed Implementation

[0041] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0042] Unless otherwise specifically stated, the relative arrangement, numerical expressions, and values ​​of the components and steps set forth in these embodiments do not limit the scope of the invention. It should also be understood that, for ease of description, the dimensions of the various parts shown in the drawings are not drawn to actual scale. Techniques, methods, and devices known to those skilled in the art may not be discussed in detail, but where appropriate, such techniques, methods, and devices should be considered part of the specification. In all examples shown and discussed herein, any specific values ​​should be interpreted as merely exemplary and not as limitations. Therefore, other examples of exemplary embodiments may include different values. It should be noted that similar reference numerals and letters in the following figures denote similar items; therefore, once an item is defined in one figure, it need not be further discussed in subsequent figures.

[0043] In the description of this application, it should be understood that the terms "center", "longitudinal", "lateral", "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. They are only used to facilitate the description of the present invention and to simplify the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limiting the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0044] Example 1

[0045] like Figures 1 to 5As shown, this embodiment proposes a modular ultrasonic loading device, including an ultrasonic device 4; a fixed loading module 5 for fixing the ultrasonic device 4 to the worktable 3 or its vicinity; and a synchronous loading module 6 for connecting the ultrasonic device 4 to the motion mechanism of the additive manufacturing system 1. The fixed loading module 5 and the synchronous loading module 6 can be interchangeably connected to the ultrasonic device 4, thereby realizing the switching between the fixed ultrasonic loading mode and the synchronous ultrasonic loading mode.

[0046] See Figure 1 , Figure 1 This diagram illustrates the ultrasonic loading device in operation under fixed ultrasonic loading mode. The synchronous loading module 5 has a U-shaped frame structure, including two symmetrically arranged side plates and a connecting plate for connecting the two side plates. The side plates are sequentially provided with an arc-shaped groove 5-1, a second mounting hole 5-2, and a fixed mounting hole 5-3. The ultrasonic device is installed on the fixed loading module as follows: the ultrasonic device 4 is connected to the second mounting hole 5-2 of the fixed loading module 5 through its first mounting hole 4-10. Simultaneously, the corner hole 4-8 on the ultrasonic device 4 is connected to the arc-shaped groove 5-1 on the fixed loading module 5 using bolts, thereby achieving an ultrasonic loading angle adjustment of 0-90°. After connection, the entire ultrasonic loading device is securely fastened to the worktable 3 using the fixed mounting hole 5-3 to achieve stable local ultrasonic loading of the substrate 2.

[0047] See Figure 2 , Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the ultrasonic loading device in synchronous ultrasonic loading mode. The synchronous loading module 6 includes an arc-shaped plate. One end of the arc-shaped plate has a second sliding groove 6-1 for connecting to the ultrasonic device 4, and the other end has a synchronous mounting hole 6-2 for connecting to the additive manufacturing system 1. The second sliding groove 6-1 is arc-shaped. The ultrasonic device and the synchronous loading module are installed by passing a second fastener (such as a bolt with a slider) through the first sliding groove 4-11 on the ultrasonic device 4, allowing it to slide in the second sliding groove 6-1 of the synchronous loading module 6. By locking the second fastener at different positions, the ultrasonic loading angle can be adjusted within the range of 0-60°. After connection, the entire ultrasonic loading device is fastened to the motion mechanism of the additive manufacturing system 1 through the synchronous mounting hole 6-2, thereby realizing the synchronous movement of the ultrasonic head with the laser head to act on large-sized components.

[0048] like Figure 5As shown, the ultrasonic device 4 comprises an ultrasonic transducer 4-4, a cylinder 4-1, a guide support plate 4-2, a slide rail 4-5, a slider 4-6, an upper clamping block 4-7, a lower clamping block 4-3, and a modular frame 4-9. The upper clamping block 4-7 and the lower clamping block 4-3 work together to securely clamp the ultrasonic transducer 4-4. The cylinder 4-1 is fastened to the modular frame 4-9 with fasteners such as M8 screws and is used to drive the lower clamping block 4-3, thereby achieving loading of the ultrasonic transducer 4-4 on the working plane and precise adjustment of the loading force. To ensure stability during loading, sliders 4-6 are installed on both the upper clamping block 4-7 and the lower clamping block 4-3. The sliders 4-6 precisely cooperate with the slide rail 4-5 installed on the guide support plate 4-2, jointly ensuring the translational movement of the ultrasonic transducer 4-4 during its motion.

[0049] It should be noted that: Additive manufacturing system 1 is an existing laser additive manufacturing device, and ultrasonic transducer component 4-4 is an existing ultrasonic transducer used to emit ultrasonic waves.

[0050] Example 2

[0051] Based on the same inventive concept as other embodiments, this embodiment provides a modular ultrasonic loading method, which uses the modular ultrasonic loading device of Embodiment 1 to achieve ultrasonic loading fixed in synchronous dual-mode switching, including the following steps:

[0052] Step 1: Secure the substrate 2 to the worktable 3 and install the worktable 3 within the processing area of ​​the additive manufacturing system 1;

[0053] Step 2: Select the fixed loading module 5 or the synchronous loading module 6 according to the required loading mode (referring to the fixed ultrasonic loading mode and the synchronous ultrasonic loading mode), and connect it to the ultrasonic device 4 to complete the installation; the fixed loading module 5 is connected to the ultrasonic device 4 through the corner hole 4-8 and the first mounting hole 4-10 on the modular frame 4-9; the synchronous loading module 6 is connected to the ultrasonic device 4 through the first sliding groove 4-11 on the modular frame 4-9.

[0054] Step 3: Adjust the loading force, loading angle, and ultrasonic parameters using the ultrasonic device 4. The loading force is adjusted within the range of 0~1530 N using the cylinder 4-1. The loading angle is adjusted using the synchronous loading module 6 or the fixed loading module 5. In the synchronous ultrasonic loading mode, the first slide groove 4-11 and the second slide groove 6-1 are used to adjust the angle within the range of 0~60°. In the fixed ultrasonic loading mode, the corner hole 4-8 and the arc-shaped slide groove 5-1 are used to adjust the angle within the range of 0~90°. The ultrasonic power and amplitude are adjusted within the range of 200~1800 W and 0~32 μm respectively using the ultrasonic transducer component 4-4.

[0055] Step 4: After completing the ultrasonic loading adjustment, perform process planning and process condition settings through additive manufacturing system 1. Process planning includes setting the additive path, and process condition settings include setting the laser power, wire feed speed, and protective gas flow rate parameters.

[0056] Step 5: After the process planning and process conditions are set, start the ultrasonic transducer 4-4 and the laser on the additive manufacturing system 1 in sequence so that the ultrasonic loading and the molten pool formation process are synchronized to achieve ultrasonic control of the solidification structure of the molten pool; after the deposition is completed, turn off the ultrasonic transducer 4-4 and the laser on the additive manufacturing system 1 in sequence.

[0057] It should be noted that the method of process planning and process condition setting through additive manufacturing system 1 in this embodiment is existing technology.

[0058] It should be noted that in this application, relational terms such as "first" and "second" are used merely to distinguish one entity or operation from another, and do not necessarily require or imply any such actual relationship or order between these entities or operations. Furthermore, the terms "comprising," "including," or any other variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements includes not only those elements but also other elements not expressly listed, or elements inherent to such a process, method, article, or apparatus. Without further limitations, an element defined by the phrase "comprising one..." does not exclude the presence of other identical elements in the process, method, article, or apparatus that includes said element.

[0059] Although embodiments of the invention have been shown and described, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, the scope of which is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A modular ultrasonic loading device, characterized in that: The system includes an ultrasonic device, a fixed loading module, and a synchronous loading module. The ultrasonic device is used to perform ultrasonic vibration on the surface of a molten pool or substrate in metal additive manufacturing. The fixed loading module is used to fix the ultrasonic device on or around a worktable used to fix the substrate. The synchronous loading module is used to connect the ultrasonic device to the additive manufacturing system. When the required loading mode is a fixed ultrasonic loading mode, the fixed loading module is selected to connect to the ultrasonic device. When the required loading mode is a synchronous ultrasonic loading mode, the synchronous loading module is selected to connect to the ultrasonic device.

2. The modular ultrasonic loading device according to claim 1, characterized in that: Both the fixed loading module and the synchronous loading module are equipped with an angle adjustment mechanism, which is used to adjust the loading angle of the ultrasonic device.

3. The modular ultrasonic loading device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The ultrasonic device includes a modular frame, a cylinder, and an ultrasonic transducer assembly; the cylinder is fixed on the modular frame and is used to drive the ultrasonic transducer assembly to move, so as to adjust the distance between the ultrasonic head located at the end of the ultrasonic transducer assembly and the worktable.

4. A modular ultrasonic loading device according to claim 3, characterized in that: It also includes a lower clamping block for holding the ultrasonic transducer assembly, a slide rail, a slider connected to the lower clamping block, and a slide rail matched to the slider; the slide rail is set in the modular frame, and the output end of the cylinder is connected to the lower clamping block to push the lower clamping block to move, thereby realizing the movement of the ultrasonic transducer assembly.

5. A modular ultrasonic loading device according to claim 4, characterized in that: It also includes an upper clamping block for holding the ultrasonic transducer assembly, the upper clamping block being disposed above the lower clamping block; there are at least two sliders, and the upper clamping block is also connected to the slide rail via the sliders.

6. A modular ultrasonic loading device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The fixed loading module includes two symmetrically arranged side plates and a connecting plate for connecting the two side plates; the upper part of the side plate has a second mounting hole for connecting to the ultrasonic device, and the lower part has a fixed mounting hole for connecting to the worktable; the ultrasonic device has a first mounting hole; the ultrasonic device is connected to the fixed loading module through the first mounting hole and the second mounting hole.

7. A modular ultrasonic loading device according to claim 6, characterized in that: An arc-shaped groove is also provided on the side plate, and the arc-shaped groove is located above the second mounting hole; a corner hole is also provided on the ultrasonic device; the ultrasonic device can adjust its angle relative to the fixed loading module through the corner hole and the arc-shaped groove.

8. A modular ultrasonic loading device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The synchronous loading module includes an arc-shaped plate, one end of which has a second groove for connecting to the ultrasonic device, and the other end has a synchronous mounting hole for connecting to the additive manufacturing system; the ultrasonic device has a first groove for connecting to the second groove, so as to realize the angle adjustment of the ultrasonic device relative to the synchronous loading module.

9. A modular ultrasonic loading device according to claim 8, characterized in that: The synchronous loading module also includes a second fastener that passes through the first slide groove and can slide in the second slide groove. The ultrasonic loading angle can be adjusted by locking the second fastener at different positions.

10. A modular ultrasonic loading method, characterized in that: Ultrasonic loading is achieved using the modular ultrasonic loading device according to any one of claims 1 to 9, comprising the following steps: Step S1: Secure the substrate to the worktable and install the worktable within the processing area of ​​the additive manufacturing system; Step S2: Select the fixed loading module or synchronous loading module according to the required loading mode, and connect it to the ultrasonic device to complete the installation; Step S3: Adjust the loading force, loading angle, and ultrasonic parameters using an ultrasonic device. The loading force is adjusted within the range of 0~1530 N by a loading cylinder, and the loading angle is adjusted according to the selected loading module. Step S4: After completing the ultrasonic loading adjustment, the process planning and process condition settings are performed through the additive manufacturing system. The process planning includes setting the additive path planning, and the process condition settings include setting the laser power, wire feed speed and protective gas flow rate parameters. Step S5: After the process planning and process conditions are set, the ultrasonic transducer and the laser in the additive manufacturing system are started in sequence to make the ultrasonic loading and the molten pool formation process work synchronously, so as to realize the ultrasonic control of the solidification structure of the molten pool.

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