Environment-friendly semi-dry type cutting gear milling cutter and its gas mist cooling system

Abstract

This invention discloses an environmentally friendly semi-dry gear milling cutter and its aerosol cooling system, belonging to the field of cutting milling cutter technology. Based on the cutter shaft and the cutting tool, it specifically relies on the main water channel and differential pressure fluid supply structure built into the cutter shaft, combined with a floating moving fluid sleeve and a differential pressure driven sliding fluid ring. Through pure mechanical-hydraulic coupling, it achieves dynamic adaptive adjustment and pulsed intermittent fluid supply for atomized fluid supply. Without the need for additional electronic control components, it can significantly reduce cutting fluid consumption and waste fluid pollution, while significantly improving the accuracy of cooling and lubrication and adaptability to all working conditions. It effectively extends the tool life and stably ensures the gear machining accuracy. It aims to solve the technical conflict between traditional gear milling cooling solutions and the inability to balance low-consumption and environmentally friendly cutting fluid with efficient cooling and lubrication. While maintaining the most efficient cooling method, it reduces the amount of cooling / cutting fluid used, which can better adapt to the special requirements of gear milling.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of cutting milling cutter technology, specifically to an environmentally friendly semi-dry cutting gear milling cutter and its air mist cooling system. Background Technology

[0002] As a type of conventional machining tool, the basic function of a gear end mill is to form a tool that perfectly matches the shape of the gear tooth groove through the contouring method. Considering mechanical friction damage and frictional heat generation during the tooth groove machining process, the conventional process mainly uses cutting fluid cooling / lubrication, that is, continuously spraying cutting fluid onto the machined surface area.

[0003] The key difference in the tooth groove machining process is that, due to the requirements of machining accuracy, the single feed of the milling cutter is small, resulting in a long machining cycle. If the cutting fluid is continuously sprayed throughout the overall machining cycle, the cutting fluid consumption will be very high and will affect the machining environment, especially the cutting fluid recovery process in the later stage. Furthermore, it should be added that due to the special nature of gear groove machining, a cooling system must be added to reduce tool temperature and extend tool life. However, to improve cooling efficiency, the flow rate / speed of cutting fluid must be increased, which exacerbates the above-mentioned technical problems. Therefore, there is a technical conflict in the cooling / lubrication process of cutting fluid in the overall machining process. It is necessary to reduce the consumption of cutting fluid and actively maintain the working environment of the tool machining area. This invention proposes a solution to this problem. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of this invention is to provide an environmentally friendly semi-dry cutting gear milling cutter and its air mist cooling system to solve the aforementioned technical defects.

[0005] The objective of this invention can be achieved through the following technical solution: an environmentally friendly semi-dry cutting gear milling cutter, comprising a cutter body and a cutter shaft, wherein an actuating fluid sleeve is slidably mounted on the outer surface of the cutter shaft, and multiple atomizing nozzles corresponding to the cutter body are mounted on the outer surface of the actuating fluid sleeve along its center point. A differential pressure fluid chamber is formed between the actuating fluid sleeve and the outer wall of the cutter shaft, and a sliding fluid sleeve ring is provided in the differential pressure fluid chamber. The cutter shaft has a main water channel opened along its center point. The main waterway extends to a differential pressure water inlet and a replenishment water inlet that communicate with the interior of the differential pressure liquid chamber. The sliding fluid ring has an up-and-down movement tendency and an intermittent circular rotation tendency along the outer surface of the cutter shaft in the differential pressure liquid chamber. The outer curved surface of the sliding fluid ring is provided with a shaped liquid inlet corresponding to the atomizing nozzle, and the inner curved surface is provided with a full-through liquid inlet.

[0006] The further configuration is as follows: corrugated fluid sleeves are installed on both the upper and lower surfaces of the actuating fluid sleeve, and the corrugated fluid sleeves are fixedly connected to the cutter shaft.

[0007] The differential pressure inlet is further configured such that it is symmetrically arranged in the vertical direction along the position of the replenishment inlet, and the diameters of the differential pressure inlets on the upper and lower sides are different.

[0008] The further configuration is as follows: the end of the replenishing water inlet near the inner curved surface of the sliding fluid sleeve is flared out, and the inside of the sliding fluid sleeve and the main water channel are continuously connected through the full-flow liquid inlet to the replenishing water inlet.

[0009] The further configuration is as follows: the diameter of the irregular liquid outlet gradually decreases from its middle portion to both ends, and multiple liquid-limiting rollers are provided inside the sliding liquid sleeve, with the middle portion of the irregular liquid outlet matching the liquid-limiting rollers.

[0010] Further configured as follows: corrugated protrusions are installed on both the upper and lower surfaces of the inner wall of the sliding fluid sleeve, and each corrugated protrusion is arranged in a circular array along the center point of the sliding fluid sleeve. The sliding process of the liquid limiting ball in the sliding fluid sleeve is formed by the corrugated protrusions to limit the intermittent liquid supply of the atomizing head.

[0011] The configuration is further defined as follows: the number of corrugated protrusions is N, the number of liquid-limiting rolling balls is N-1, and the corrugated protrusions on the upper and lower surfaces of the inner wall of the sliding fluid sleeve are distributed at equal angles along their center points.

[0012] This invention also proposes an environmentally friendly semi-dry cutting gear milling cutter with an air mist cooling system. A high-pressure water pump is used when the cutter body is rotating at high speed. The high-pressure water pump continuously pumps coolant into the main water channel, which, in conjunction with the sliding fluid ring and the actuating fluid sleeve, generates the following actions: Action 1: The middle part of the irregular liquid port in the action liquid jacket maintains the optimal contact area with the atomizing head. The coolant in the main water channel is sprayed out from the atomizing head at the maximum flow rate. The sliding liquid sleeve ring is located in the middle part of the action liquid jacket, and the liquid pressure in the corresponding two differential pressure water ports in the differential pressure liquid chamber remains equal. Action 2: The hydraulic sleeve and sliding hydraulic ring are affected by gravity and rotational vibration, resulting in an unpredictable tendency to move up and down or rotate in a ring. This includes the following: S1: Without considering the movement state of the actuating fluid sleeve, the up-and-down movement trend of the sliding fluid sleeve ring and the difference in the amount of coolant entering the differential pressure fluid chamber are related and affect the amount of mist output between the sliding fluid sleeve ring and the atomizing head in the actuating fluid sleeve. S2: Without considering the movement of the sliding fluid sleeve ring, the moving fluid sleeve moves up and down under the action of gravity, which affects the amount of mist output of the atomizing head relative to the irregular liquid outlet. S3: Combining S1 and S2, when the movement states of the actuating fluid sleeve and the sliding fluid sleeve ring are interconnected and influence each other, multiple limiting balls in the sliding fluid sleeve ring undergo small-amplitude directional deflection through corrugated protrusions. The difference in the contact surface between the limiting balls and the irregularly shaped liquid inlet affects the amount of coolant entering the atomizing head.

[0013] The present invention has the following beneficial effects: This invention specifically establishes a purely mechanical-hydraulic coupled adaptive fluid supply architecture, eliminating the reliance on electronically controlled flow regulation components in traditional semi-dry cooling systems. It utilizes a self-driven hydraulic circuit formed by the main water channel built into the cutter shaft, differential pressure water inlets with differentiated upper and lower diameters, and flared-mouth replenishment water inlets. Combined with a sliding fluid ring and a floating, corrugated fluid sleeve within the differential pressure chamber, the fluid supply flow can be adaptively adjusted under all working conditions solely based on the hydraulic differential, gravity field, and cutting vibration during the high-speed rotation of the milling cutter. No additional control system or sensing components are required, significantly simplifying the overall structure of the tool and cooling system, reducing equipment modification costs and the equipment failure rate under high-speed rotation conditions. Furthermore, the pulsed intermittent fluid supply mode formed by the limiting ball bearing and staggered corrugated protrusions fully meets cooling and lubrication requirements while significantly reducing the total consumption of cutting fluid / coolant. This reduces waste fluid generation and subsequent recycling costs from the source, effectively avoiding the environmental pollution problems associated with traditional wet cutting.

[0014] The key to this invention lies in the dual flow regulation structure formed by the gradually changing diameter irregular liquid inlet and the coupled floating action liquid sleeve and sliding liquid sleeve ring. Combined with the differential pressure water inlet with differentiated upper and lower diameters and the corrugated protrusion structure with equal angles and staggered distribution, it can better adapt to the complex working conditions of high-speed rotation, dynamic fluctuation of cutting load, and frequent vibration interference in gear milling. It can achieve precise dynamic supply of cooling and lubricating mist. Especially for the special machining requirements of gear milling cutters, the pulsed high-pressure mist can effectively break through the air barrier formed by the high-speed rotation of the milling cutter. Compared with the traditional continuous liquid supply cooling solution, it significantly improves the effective utilization rate of the cooling and lubricating medium, can effectively suppress the severe temperature rise and cutting edge friction wear during the cutting process, greatly extend the tool life, and effectively avoid the machining accuracy deviation caused by tool thermal deformation and wear, and stably ensure the forming accuracy and surface machining quality of the gear tooth groove. Attached Figure Description

[0015] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0016] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the environmentally friendly semi-dry cutting gear milling cutter proposed in this invention. Figure 2 For the present invention Figure 1 Cross-sectional view of the cutter shaft; Figure 3 For the present invention Figure 2 Cross-sectional view of the sliding fluid sleeve; Figure 4 For the present invention Figure 3 A partial front view; Figure 5 This is a cross-sectional view of the sliding fluid sleeve of the present invention; Figure 6 This is a partial cross-sectional view of the cutter shaft in this invention.

[0017] In the diagram: 1. Tool body; 2. Tool shaft; 3. Action fluid sleeve; 4. Corrugated fluid sleeve; 5. Sliding fluid sleeve ring; 6. Irregularly shaped fluid inlet; 7. Main water channel; 8. Differential pressure water inlet; 9. Fluid replenishment water inlet; 10. Limiting fluid ball; 11. Corrugated protrusion. Detailed Implementation

[0018] The technical solution of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the embodiments. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0019] Example 1: The basic technical principle of gear milling is as follows: A machine tool drives a toothed cutting tool body to rotate at high speed, machining a shaped tooth surface that perfectly matches the shape of the gear tooth groove using a contouring method. During the machining process, the cutting edge of the tool continuously meshes with the workpiece, generating intense contact friction and a large amount of cutting heat. A cooling and lubrication system is required to suppress tool temperature rise, reduce cutting edge wear, and ensure machining accuracy and tool life. (Refer to...) Figure 1 This needs to be explained because the feed angle and feed amount in its machining process are significantly different from those of conventional face milling cutters and grooving cutters. First, a multi-axis CNC system is required to ensure the machining position of the tool and the workpiece. Therefore, the tool axis needs to maintain a certain large angle compared to the conventional vertical feed method. Furthermore, in the current cooling and lubrication process of gear milling, conventional wet cutting requires continuous spraying of a large amount of cutting fluid throughout the entire machining cycle, which presents technical conflicts such as high cutting fluid consumption, high waste fluid treatment costs, and poor machining environment. While dry cutting eliminates the problem of cutting fluid consumption, it cannot effectively address tool temperature rise and wear during high-speed cutting, easily leading to tool breakage and workpiece machining accuracy exceeding limits. Existing semi-dry atomized cooling solutions mostly employ a fixed-flow continuous atomization supply mode, which cannot adapt to the complex working conditions of high-speed rotation and dynamic fluctuations in cutting load during gear milling. These solutions suffer from poor uniformity of fluid supply and insufficient cooling and lubrication precision, failing to address the core technical issues of "reducing cutting fluid consumption" and "stable maintenance of cooling and lubrication effects in the machining area." To resolve these technical conflicts, this invention proposes the following technical solution: Reference Figures 1-6 The core design of this environmentally friendly semi-dry cutting gear end mill is to integrate a vertically floating motion fluid sleeve and a differential pressure driven sliding fluid ring (with vertical movement and circular rotation capabilities) on the cutter shaft. A main water channel and corresponding differential pressure and replenishment water ports are provided inside the cutter shaft. A shaped fluid port is provided on the sliding fluid ring, along with a fluid-limiting ball and corrugated protrusion structure. Simultaneously, an air-mist cooling system based on the above end mill structure is provided. Through a purely mechanical-hydraulic coupling design, dynamic adaptive adjustment of the air-mist supply is achieved during end mill machining, significantly reducing cutting fluid consumption while ensuring cooling and lubrication effects, thus balancing environmental friendliness and machining performance.

[0020] Example 2: Based on the basic working principle in Example 1, the relevant technical features are supplemented as follows: During gear milling, the tool body 1 is fixedly installed at the end of the cutter shaft 2. The machine tool drives the cutter shaft 2 to drive the tool body 1 to rotate at high speed. At the same time, the high-pressure water pump connected to the main water channel 7 is started. The high-pressure water pump continuously pumps constant pressure coolant into the main water channel 7 opened in the center of the cutter shaft 2, providing hydraulic power and cooling medium for the entire aerosol cooling system. In order to avoid interference between the cutter shaft and the pumped coolant, the upper center point area of ​​the cutter shaft 2 is mainly equipped with a rotatable water inlet. Reference Figure 4 After the coolant enters the main water channel 7, it is divided into two paths. One path continuously supplies coolant to the internal cavity of the sliding fluid ring 5 through the replenishment water inlet 9. The end of the replenishment water inlet 9 near the inner curved surface of the sliding fluid ring 5 is flared out. Together with the full-pass liquid inlet opened on the inner curved surface of the sliding fluid ring 5, the internal cavity of the sliding fluid ring 5 and the main water channel 7 are always kept in a continuous communication state. Even if the sliding fluid ring 5 moves axially or rotates circumferentially, the supply passage can be stably maintained to avoid interruption of the supply and provide a constant basic pressure guarantee for the stable supply of coolant to the atomizing nozzle. Another route supplies coolant to the upper and lower chambers of the differential pressure chamber formed between the actuating fluid sleeve 3 and the outer wall of the cutter shaft 2 through two differential pressure ports 8 symmetrically arranged vertically along the replenishment port 9 and with different upper and lower diameters. Due to the different diameters of the two differential pressure ports 8, there is an inherent difference in the flow rate of coolant entering the upper and lower chambers of the differential pressure chamber. Combined with the centrifugal force, gravitational field and cutting vibration generated by the high-speed rotation of the cutter shaft 2, a dynamically changing pressure difference will be formed between the upper and lower chambers of the differential pressure chamber. This pressure difference directly drives the sliding fluid sleeve 5 to move axially up and down along the outer surface of the cutter shaft 2 in the differential pressure chamber, accompanied by intermittent circumferential rotation. No additional electronic control actuators are required. The power drive is achieved entirely by hydraulic characteristics and mechanical structure, which greatly simplifies the system structure, improves the operational stability and reliability under high-speed rotation conditions, and avoids the problem of easy damage to electronic control components in high-speed rotation and oily environments. Multiple atomizing nozzles corresponding to the cutting edge of the tool body 1 are installed in a circular array along the outer surface of the actuating fluid sleeve 3. The irregularly shaped liquid inlet 6 opened on the outer curved surface of the sliding fluid sleeve 5 is set to correspond to the liquid inlet end of the atomizing nozzle. The diameter of the irregularly shaped liquid inlet 6 gradually decreases from the middle to the upper and lower ends. As the sliding fluid sleeve 5 moves axially and rotates circumferentially, the relative position between the irregularly shaped liquid inlet 6 and the atomizing nozzle continuously changes, thereby forming a dynamic flow area adjustment. Specifically, when the sliding fluid ring 5 moves to the middle position of the actuating fluid sleeve 3, the large-diameter area at the middle of the irregular fluid port 6 is completely aligned with the atomizing nozzle, and the flow area reaches its maximum value. At this time, the coolant in the main water channel 7 enters the atomizing nozzle at the maximum flow rate through the replenishment water port 9, the internal cavity of the sliding fluid ring 5, and the irregular fluid port 6. It mixes with the pressure conditions existing during the high-pressure pumping of the coolant to form a high-pressure mist, which is precisely sprayed onto the cutting edge of the tool body 1 and the meshing machining area of ​​the workpiece, achieving a large flow rate of powerful cooling and lubrication. It is perfectly adapted to the high load and high heat conditions when the milling cutter cuts into the workpiece, effectively suppressing the drastic temperature rise at the moment of cutting and avoiding thermal breakage of the tool edge. Corrugated sleeves 4 are installed on both the upper and lower surfaces of the actuating fluid sleeve 3. The corrugated sleeves 4 are fixedly connected to the cutter shaft 2. During the high-speed rotation and cutting vibration of the cutter shaft 2, the actuating fluid sleeve 3 can generate a small axial float through the elastic deformation of the corrugated sleeves 4. While providing floating margin for the actuating fluid sleeve 3, the corrugated sleeves 4 always maintain the differential pressure chamber in a fully sealed state, effectively preventing coolant leakage and ensuring the stability of the differential pressure drive pressure. The key is that the axial floating of the atomizing nozzle 3 will synchronously drive the atomizing nozzle to generate axial displacement, which will be coupled with the movement of the sliding fluid ring 5 to further change the flow area between the atomizing nozzle and the irregular liquid port 6, so as to realize the secondary adaptive adjustment of the fluid supply flow rate. Without stopping the machine to adjust the system parameters, it can perfectly adapt to the working condition changes caused by the change of feed rate and the fluctuation of workpiece material during the milling process, and always maintain the fluid supply flow rate matching the current cutting load. There will be no problem of insufficient fluid supply, nor will there be any ineffective waste of cutting fluid. The sliding fluid sleeve 5 is provided with multiple liquid limiting balls 10 inside. The middle part of the irregular liquid port 6 matches the size of the liquid limiting balls 10. The upper and lower surfaces of the inner wall of the sliding fluid sleeve 5 are equipped with corrugated protrusions 11 arranged in a circular array along their center. The number of corrugated protrusions 11 is N, the number of liquid limiting balls 10 is N-1, and the corrugated protrusions 11 on the upper and lower surfaces of the inner wall of the sliding fluid sleeve 5 are staggered at equal angles along their center. During the intermittent circumferential rotation of the sliding fluid ring 5, the fluid limiting ball 10 will reciprocate and slightly deflect along the curved surface of the corrugated protrusion 11, thereby intermittently blocking the flow section of the irregular liquid inlet 6, forming a pulsed intermittent liquid supply mode. This pulsed liquid supply mode, on the one hand, significantly reduces the total consumption of coolant through intermittent injection, achieving the core goal of environmentally friendly semi-dry cutting, and reducing the generation of waste liquid and subsequent treatment costs; On the other hand, the pulsed high-pressure air mist can effectively break through the air barrier formed by the high-speed rotation of the cutting area and penetrate more accurately to the micro-contact surface where the tool body 1 meshes with the workpiece, significantly improving the penetration effect of the cooling and lubricating medium. At the same time, the intermittent supply of liquid can prevent the accumulation of cutting fluid in the machining area and greatly improve the working environment of the machining site. Throughout the milling process, the axial and circumferential movements of the sliding fluid sleeve 5 and the axial floating of the actuating fluid sleeve 3 are coupled and work together to dynamically adjust the fluid supply flow and spray pattern of the atomizing nozzle according to the current cutting conditions. This combines the technical objectives of "cutting fluid consumption" and "cooling and lubrication effect" in traditional cooling solutions, achieving environmental protection and low consumption while effectively ensuring the accuracy of gear machining and the service life of the cutting tools.

[0021] Example 3: Based on the detailed operation process in Example 2, the following supplement is made to the aerosol cooling system: When the milling cutter enters the continuous milling condition, the pressure balance between the upper and lower chambers of the differential pressure tank is broken due to the influence of the high-speed rotating gravitational field, cutting vibration, and cutting load fluctuation caused by changes in feed rate. The system enters a dynamic adaptive adjustment state. Through triple-coupled linkage adjustment actions, the aerosol supply flow rate and spray mode are adjusted in real time. No manual intervention or electronic control signal input is required throughout the process. It perfectly adapts to the dynamic changes of the milling condition. Specifically, it is divided into the first to third processes as follows. First-level regulation: Differential pressure flow regulation of the axial displacement of the sliding fluid sleeve ring. Because the two differential pressure inlets 8 have different diameters, there is an inherent difference in the flow rate of coolant entering the upper and lower chambers of the differential pressure liquid tank. When milling vibration or centrifugal force causes pressure imbalance in the upper and lower chambers, the dynamic pressure difference between the chambers will directly drive the sliding fluid ring 5 to move axially back and forth along the outer surface of the cutter shaft 2. The axial movement of the sliding fluid ring 5 will directly change the axial alignment relationship between the irregular liquid inlet 6 and the atomizing nozzle. Since the diameter of the irregular liquid inlet 6 gradually decreases from the middle to the upper and lower ends, as the sliding fluid ring 5 moves to the upper and lower ends of the differential pressure liquid tank, the effective flow area of ​​the irregular liquid inlet 6 and the atomizing nozzle decreases linearly in sync, and the liquid supply flow rate of the atomizing nozzle decreases linearly accordingly, automatically matching the cooling and lubrication requirements of low-load cutting conditions. When the cutting load increases and the tool temperature rises more, the vibration amplitude of the cutter shaft increases, and the pressure difference between the upper and lower chambers of the differential pressure liquid tank changes in the opposite direction, driving the sliding fluid ring 5 back to the middle area, automatically increasing the liquid supply flow rate, improving the cooling and lubrication intensity, forming the first closed-loop adaptive adjustment, and realizing real-time matching between the liquid supply flow rate and the cutting load. Second adjustment: Fine-tuning of the axial floating of the actuating hydraulic sleeve. The actuating fluid sleeve 3 achieves a flexible connection with the cutter shaft 2 through the corrugated fluid sleeves 4 at both ends. Under the coupled influence of gravity and cutting vibration, the actuating fluid sleeve 3 can float freely along the axial direction of the cutter shaft 2. This floating action will drive the atomizing nozzle installed on the outer wall to generate axial displacement synchronously, forming a superposition effect with the axial movement of the sliding fluid sleeve ring 5, further changing the effective flow area of ​​the atomizing nozzle and the irregular liquid port 6, realizing secondary fine adjustment of the liquid supply flow rate, and greatly improving the system's working condition adaptation accuracy. Meanwhile, the corrugated hydraulic sleeve 4 provides sufficient floating margin for the actuating hydraulic sleeve 3, while always maintaining a complete static seal of the differential pressure hydraulic chamber, eliminating coolant leakage under high-speed rotation conditions, ensuring the stability of differential pressure drive pressure, avoiding adjustment failure due to seal failure, and ensuring the adjustment accuracy and operational reliability of the system under all operating conditions. The third level of regulation: circumferential rotational pulse-type flow optimization regulation Under the coupling effect of differential pressure chamber pressure fluctuation and cutting vibration, the sliding fluid sleeve 5 will generate intermittent circumferential rotation while moving axially, triggering the system's pulse-type fluid supply adjustment. Multiple fluid limiting balls 10 are set in the internal cavity of the sliding fluid sleeve 5. The middle part of the irregular liquid port 6 matches the size of the fluid limiting balls 10. Corrugated protrusions 11 are installed on the upper and lower surfaces of the inner wall of the sliding fluid sleeve 5 in a circular array along its center. The number of corrugated protrusions 11 is N, and the number of fluid limiting balls 10 is N-1. The corrugated protrusions 11 on the upper and lower surfaces of the inner wall of the sliding fluid sleeve 5 are staggered at equal angles along their centers.

[0022] During the intermittent circumferential rotation of the sliding fluid ring 5, the limiting ball 10 reciprocates and deflects slightly circumferentially along the curved surface of the corrugated protrusion 11. The corrugated protrusions 11, which are distributed vertically and vertically, cause the limiting ball 10 to form a continuous intermittent blocking action, periodically changing the effective flow cross section of the irregular liquid port 6, and finally forming a pulse-type intermittent liquid supply mode. This pulsed liquid supply mode brings the following core technological benefits: Firstly, the pulsed high-pressure air mist can effectively break through the surrounding air barrier formed by the high-speed rotation of the milling cutter and accurately penetrate to the micro-cutting contact surface where the tool body 1 meshes with the workpiece, greatly improving the effective utilization rate of the cooling and lubrication medium. Compared with the traditional continuous liquid supply mode, it improves the cooling and lubrication effect under the same cutting fluid consumption. Secondly, intermittent fluid supply further reduces the total consumption of cutting fluid, while avoiding the accumulation and splashing of cutting fluid in the machining area, significantly improving the machining environment and achieving simultaneous improvement in environmental protection and cooling effect.

[0023] The preferred embodiments of the present invention disclosed above are merely illustrative of the invention. These preferred embodiments do not exhaustively describe all details, nor do they limit the invention to specific implementations. Clearly, many modifications and variations can be made based on the content of this specification. This specification selects and specifically describes these embodiments to better explain the principles and practical applications of the invention, thereby enabling those skilled in the art to better understand and utilize the invention. The invention is limited only by the claims and their full scope and equivalents.

Claims

1. An environmentally friendly semi-dry cutting gear milling cutter, comprising a cutter body (1) and a cutter shaft (2), characterized in that, An actuating fluid sleeve (3) is slidably installed on the outer surface of the cutter shaft (2), and multiple atomizing nozzles corresponding to the cutter body (1) are installed on the outer surface of the actuating fluid sleeve (3) along its center point. A differential pressure liquid chamber is formed between the action liquid sleeve (3) and the outer wall of the cutter shaft (2), and a sliding liquid sleeve ring (5) is provided in the differential pressure liquid chamber. The cutter shaft (2) has a main water channel (7) opened along its center point. The main waterway (7) extends into a differential pressure water inlet (8) and a replenishment water inlet (9) that are connected to the interior of the differential pressure liquid chamber. The sliding liquid ring (5) has an up-and-down movement tendency and an intermittent circular rotation tendency along the outer surface of the cutter shaft (2) in the differential pressure liquid chamber. The outer curved surface of the sliding liquid ring (5) is provided with a shaped liquid inlet (6) corresponding to the atomizing nozzle, and the inner curved surface is provided with a full-through liquid inlet.

2. The environmentally friendly semi-dry cutting gear milling cutter according to claim 1, characterized in that, The upper and lower surfaces of the actuating fluid sleeve (3) are both fitted with corrugated fluid sleeves (4), and the corrugated fluid sleeves (4) are fixedly connected to the cutter shaft (2).

3. The environmentally friendly semi-dry gear milling cutter according to claim 1, characterized in that, The differential pressure inlet (8) is symmetrically arranged in the vertical direction along the position of the liquid replenishment inlet (9), and the diameters of the differential pressure inlets (8) on the upper and lower sides are different.

4. The environmentally friendly semi-dry gear milling cutter according to claim 3, characterized in that, The end of the replenishing water inlet (9) near the inner curved surface of the sliding fluid sleeve (5) is flared out. The inside of the sliding fluid sleeve (5) and the main water channel (7) are continuously connected through the full-flow liquid inlet and the replenishing water inlet (9).

5. The environmentally friendly semi-dry gear milling cutter according to claim 4, characterized in that, The diameter of the irregular liquid port (6) gradually decreases from its middle part to both ends. The sliding liquid collar (5) is provided with multiple liquid limiting balls (10), and the middle part of the irregular liquid port (6) matches the liquid limiting balls (10).

6. The environmentally friendly semi-dry gear milling cutter according to claim 5, characterized in that, The upper and lower surfaces of the inner wall of the sliding fluid ring (5) are equipped with corrugated protrusions (11). Each corrugated protrusion (11) is arranged in a ring array along the center point of the sliding fluid ring (5). The sliding process of the liquid limiting ball (10) in the sliding fluid ring (5) is formed by the corrugated protrusions (11) to limit the intermittent liquid supply of the atomizing head.

7. The environmentally friendly semi-dry gear milling cutter according to claim 6, characterized in that, The number of corrugated protrusions (11) is N, the number of liquid-limiting rolling balls (10) is N-1, and the corrugated protrusions (11) on the upper and lower surfaces of the inner wall of the sliding fluid sleeve (5) are distributed at equal angles along their center points.

8. An air mist cooling system for an environmentally friendly semi-dry cutting gear end mill, used in the environmentally friendly semi-dry cutting gear end mill as described in any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that, A high-pressure water pump is used when the tool body (1) is in high-speed rotation. The high-pressure water pump continuously pumps coolant into the main water channel (7), which, together with the sliding fluid ring (5) and the actuating fluid sleeve (3), generates the following actions: Action 1: The middle part of the irregular liquid port (6) in the action liquid sleeve (3) maintains the best contact area with the atomizing head, the coolant in the main water channel (7) is sprayed out from the atomizing head at the maximum flow rate, the sliding liquid sleeve ring (5) is located in the middle part of the action liquid sleeve (3), and the liquid pressure in the corresponding two differential pressure water ports (8) in the differential pressure liquid chamber remains equal. Action 2: The action fluid sleeve (3) and sliding fluid sleeve ring (5) are affected by the gravitational field and rotational vibration, resulting in an unpredictable tendency to move up and down or rotate in a ring. Specifically, this includes the following: S1: Without considering the movement state of the actuating fluid sleeve (3), the up and down movement trend of the sliding fluid sleeve ring (5) and the difference in the amount of coolant entering the differential pressure fluid chamber are related and affect the amount of mist output between the sliding fluid sleeve ring and the atomizing head in the actuating fluid sleeve (3). S2: Without considering the movement state of the sliding liquid sleeve ring (5), the action liquid sleeve (3) moves up and down under the action of gravity, which affects the amount of mist output of the atomizing head relative to the irregular liquid outlet (6). S3: Combining S1 and S2, when the movement states of the action fluid sleeve (3) and the sliding fluid sleeve ring (5) are interrelated and affect each other, multiple liquid limiting balls (10) in the sliding fluid sleeve ring (5) are deflected in a small direction through the corrugated protrusions (11), and the amount of coolant entering the atomizing head is affected by the contact surface difference between the liquid limiting balls (10) and the irregular liquid port (6).

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