Gear grinding fixture

Abstract

This invention relates to the field of machine tool fixture technology, specifically to a gear grinding fixture. It includes a fixture body and an adjusting device. An expansion member is fixedly connected to the upper end of the fixture body. The adjusting device is located directly below the fixture body and includes a fixed plate at the bottom of the fixture body. Multiple mounting bolts are threadedly connected to the fixture body and the fixed plate. An adjusting plate is fixedly mounted at the bottom of the fixed plate. An upper plate and a lower plate are fitted onto the surface of the adjusting plate. Multiple airbags are inserted between the upper and lower plates, located on one side of the adjusting plate. Through the adjusting device, the fixture position can be adjusted according to the offset of machine tool components. It can also dynamically compensate for fixture installation deviations, solving the problem of fixture position mismatch caused by accuracy degradation after long-term use of traditional machine tools. The airbag drive method is flexible and can effectively control gear tooth profile, tooth thickness, and pitch errors, improving gear meshing smoothness and assembly adaptability.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of machine tool fixture technology, and more specifically, to a gear grinding fixture. Background Technology

[0002] Machine tool fixtures are key process devices used on machine tools to clamp workpieces and guide cutting tools. Their core function is to determine the unique position of the workpiece relative to the machine tool and cutting tool by using positioning elements and the "six-point positioning rule". They also use clamping devices (manual, pneumatic, hydraulic, etc.) to stabilize the workpiece and resist cutting forces and vibrations during machining.

[0003] According to existing technology, when machining gears, a gear grinding fixture is installed on the machine tool to fix the gears and facilitate the gear machining operation. Most gear grinding fixtures are firmly installed on the machine tool with bolts. However, after long-term use, the core precision components of traditional machine tools, such as the worktable guide rail, lead screw, and mounting reference surface, are prone to wear and deformation, which can cause the actual position of the gear grinding fixture to deviate from the design requirements, resulting in a decrease in the machining accuracy of gear tooth profile and tooth thickness. Summary of the Invention

[0004] This invention provides a gear grinding fixture, which, through an adjustment device, can adjust the fixture position according to the offset of machine tool components and dynamically compensate for fixture installation deviations. This solves the problem mentioned in the background art, namely: after long-term use of traditional machine tools, core precision components such as the worktable guide rail, lead screw, and mounting reference surface are prone to wear and deformation, resulting in the actual position of the gear grinding fixture deviating from the design requirements, causing a decrease in the machining accuracy of gear tooth profile, tooth thickness, etc.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, a gear grinding fixture includes a fixture body and an adjustment device. An expansion member is fixedly connected to the upper end of the fixture body. The adjustment device is located directly below the fixture body and includes a fixed plate located at the bottom end of the fixture body. Multiple mounting bolts are threadedly connected to the fixture body and the fixed plate. An adjustment plate is fixedly installed at the bottom end of the fixed plate. Multiple airbags are inserted between the upper and lower plates. The airbags are located on one side of the adjustment plate and are arranged around the adjustment plate. A vibration damping device is provided between the clamp body and the fixed plate. The vibration damping device includes a rubber ring inserted between the clamp body and the fixed plate. The vibration damping device is used to absorb the force generated when the clamp body is running.

[0006] In the above technical solution, the side wall of the airbag is fixedly connected to a connector, the surface of the connector is provided with an air tube, the surface of multiple air tubes is provided with a pneumatic control system for controlling the air intake, the upper plate and the lower plate are provided with displacement sensors, the displacement sensors are used to detect the position of the adjustment plate, the upper plate and the lower plate are each provided with a tube groove at the end closest to each other, the tube groove is used to arrange the air tubes, the surface of the upper plate and the lower plate are each provided with a through groove, the through groove is used to provide a physical channel for the air tubes to directionally pass through the components, and multiple fixing bolts are threadedly connected inside the upper plate and the lower plate.

[0007] Secondly, the bottom of the lower plate is provided with a fixing component, which includes a fixing seat located at the bottom of the lower plate. The surface of the fixing seat is provided with a placement groove. The lower plate is inserted into the placement groove of the fixing seat. The fixing seat and the lower plate are internally threaded with multiple positioning bolts. The bottom of the fixing seat is provided with a machine tool connecting seat.

[0008] Furthermore, based on the above, an inner steel ring is inserted inside the rubber ring, an outer steel ring is fitted on the surface of the rubber ring, multiple grooves are provided at both the upper and lower ends of the rubber ring to provide space for the deformation of the rubber, multiple through holes are provided on the surface of the rubber ring, and a metal ring is inserted inside the through holes of the rubber ring and fitted on the surface of the mounting bolt.

[0009] Meanwhile, a sealing assembly is provided between the lower plate and the fixed base. The sealing assembly includes two sealing rings inserted between the lower plate and the fixed base. Multiple rubber strips are fixedly connected to both the upper and lower ends of the sealing rings, and protrusions are fixedly connected to the surface of the sealing rings.

[0010] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: In this gear grinding fixture, the adjustment device can adjust the fixture position according to the offset of the machine tool components, and can also dynamically compensate for the fixture installation deviation. This solves the problem of fixture position mismatch caused by the decrease in accuracy after long-term use of traditional machine tools. The airbag drive mode is flexible and can effectively control the gear tooth profile, tooth thickness and tooth pitch error, improve the gear meshing stability and assembly adaptability. The vibration damping device adopts a composite structure of rubber ring, inner steel ring and outer steel ring. It absorbs the high-frequency cutting vibration during gear grinding through the elastic deformation of rubber, and ensures the structural rigidity with the help of steel ring, avoiding additional displacement during vibration damping. Attached Figure Description

[0011] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a cross-sectional view of the lower plate in this invention; Figure 3 This is a side view of the fixture in this invention. Figure 4 In this invention Figure 3 A schematic diagram of the structure at point A; Figure 5 This is a side view of the fixed disk structure in this invention; Figure 6 In this invention Figure 5 A schematic diagram of the structure at point B; Figure 7 This is a side view of the fixing base in this invention. Figure 8 This is a side view of the lower plate structure in this invention; Figure 9 In this invention Figure 8 A schematic diagram of the structure at point C.

[0012] The meanings of the labels in the diagram are as follows: 1. Fixture body; 2. Expansion component; 3. Mounting bolt; 4. Adjustment device; 41. Fixing plate; 42. Upper plate; 43. Lower plate; 44. Adjustment plate; 45. Airbag; 46. Connector; 47. Pipe groove; 48. Through groove; 49. Fixing bolt; 5. Fixing assembly; 51. Fixing seat; 52. Positioning bolt; 53. Placement groove; 6. Vibration damping device; 61. Rubber ring; 62. Inner steel ring; 63. Outer steel ring; 64. Groove; 65. Perforation; 66. Metal ring; 7. Sealing assembly; 71. Sealing ring; 72. Rubber strip; 73. Protrusion. Detailed Implementation

[0013] The technical solutions of this invention will now be clearly and completely described with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are merely some, not all, of the embodiments of this invention. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of this invention without creative effort are within the scope of protection of this invention.

[0014] After long-term use, traditional machine tools are prone to wear and deformation of core precision components such as the worktable guide rail, lead screw, and mounting reference surface, which can cause the actual position of the gear grinding fixture to deviate from the design requirements, resulting in a decrease in the machining accuracy of gear tooth profile and tooth thickness.

[0015] Therefore, in view of the above-mentioned problems, the present invention provides a gear grinding fixture, with reference to Figures 1-2As shown, the fixture includes a fixture body 1 and an adjustment device 4. An expansion member 2 is fixedly connected to the upper end of the fixture body 1. The adjustment device 4 is located directly below the fixture body 1. The adjustment device 4 includes a fixed plate 41 located at the bottom end of the fixture body 1. Multiple mounting bolts 3 are threadedly connected to the fixture body 1 and the fixed plate 41. The symmetrical distribution design of multiple sets of mounting bolts 3 can ensure the connection rigidity between the fixture body 1 and the fixed plate 41, avoid the relative displacement of the two due to excessive cutting force during gear grinding, and facilitate subsequent disassembly and maintenance. An adjusting plate 44 is fixedly installed at the bottom of the fixed plate 41. An upper plate 42 and a lower plate 43 are fitted on the surface of the adjusting plate 44. Multiple airbags 45 are inserted between the upper plate 42 and the lower plate 43. The airbags 45 are located on one side of the adjusting plate 44. The multiple airbags 45 are arranged around the adjusting plate 44 and apply force to the adjusting plate 44 from different directions to achieve multi-dimensional fine adjustment of the position of the adjusting plate 44. Compared with the traditional rigid adjustment structure, it can more flexibly compensate for the accuracy deviation of machine tool components after long-term use. A connector 46 is fixedly connected to the side wall of the airbag 45. The surface of the connector 46 is provided with air tubes. The surface of multiple air tubes is provided with a pneumatic control system for controlling the air intake. The upper plate 42 and the lower plate 43 are provided with displacement sensors. The displacement sensors are used to detect the position of the adjustment plate 44. The linkage design of the displacement sensors and the pneumatic control system can capture the position deviation of the adjustment plate 44 in real time and control the air intake of each airbag 45 to adjust the size of the airbag 45. The upper plate 42 and the lower plate 43 are provided with tube grooves 47 at the ends close to each other. The tube grooves 47 are used to arrange the air tubes. The opening of the tube grooves 47 can prevent the air tubes from being messy and tangled inside the device, prevent the air tubes from being damaged by compression and friction, and ensure that the air tubes are neatly arranged. Both the upper plate 42 and the lower plate 43 have through grooves 48 on their surfaces. The through grooves 48 provide a physical channel for the air tube to pass through the components in a directional manner. The directional design of the through grooves 48 can guide the air tube to pass through the upper plate 42 and the lower plate 43 in an orderly manner. The upper plate 42 and the lower plate 43 are internally threaded with multiple fixing bolts 49. The fastening structure of the multiple fixing bolts 49 can strengthen the connection strength between the upper plate 42 and the lower plate 43, and at the same time, it can also facilitate the separation of the upper plate 42 and the lower plate 43 to replace the airbag 45 and the air tube.

[0016] refer to Figures 3-4 As shown, the bottom end of the lower plate 43 is provided with a fixing component 5. The fixing component 5 includes a fixing seat 51 located at the bottom end of the lower plate 43. The surface of the fixing seat 51 is provided with a placement groove 53. The lower plate 43 is inserted into the placement groove 53 of the fixing seat 51. The adaptability design of the placement groove 53 enables the lower plate 43 and the fixing seat 51 to be quickly aligned and installed. The radial displacement of the lower plate 43 is limited by the shape matching of the groove and the lower plate 43. Multiple positioning bolts 52 are internally threaded to the fixed base 51 and the lower plate 43, forming a uniform clamping force on the lower plate 43 and the fixed base 51 from the circumferential direction, further eliminating the assembly gap between the two and ensuring the connection rigidity. The bottom end of the fixed base 51 is provided with a machine tool connecting seat, and the entire equipment can be fixed on the processing machine tool by setting the fixed plate 41.

[0017] refer to Figures 5-6 As shown, a vibration damping device 6 is provided between the fixture body 1 and the fixed plate 41 to specifically absorb the high-frequency vibration and impact load generated during gear grinding, and reduce the transmission of vibration to the adjustment device 4 through the connection between the fixture body 1 and the fixed plate 41. The vibration damping device 6 includes a rubber ring 61 inserted between the fixture body 1 and the fixed plate 41. The elastic material properties of the rubber ring 61 can efficiently buffer vibration energy through its own deformation. Compared with the rigid connection structure, it can significantly reduce the vibration transmission caused by the gear grinding cutting force. An inner steel ring 62 is inserted inside the rubber ring 61, and an outer steel ring 63 is fitted on the surface of the rubber ring 61. The composite structure design of the inner steel ring 62, outer steel ring 63 and rubber ring 61 retains the vibration damping performance of the rubber, while limiting the excessive deformation of the rubber ring 61 through the rigid support of the inner and outer steel rings 63, preventing the rubber ring 61 from failing due to compression deformation after long-term use. Multiple grooves 64 are provided at both the upper and lower ends of the rubber ring 61. The grooves 64 are used to provide deformation space for the rubber. The reserved design of the grooves 64 allows the rubber ring 61 to have sufficient deformation margin when subjected to vibration and compression, reducing elastic fatigue caused by limited deformation of the rubber, and improving the vibration damping efficiency and durability of the rubber ring 61. The surface of the rubber ring 61 has multiple perforations 65. A metal ring 66 is inserted into the perforations 65 of the rubber ring 61. The metal ring 66 is fitted onto the surface of the mounting bolt 3. The mating structure of the perforations 65 and the metal ring 66 can accurately position the rubber ring 61 and reduce the circumferential rotation or radial displacement of the rubber ring 61 during vibration. On the other hand, the metal ring 66 can reduce rubber wear caused by direct contact between the mounting bolt 3 and the rubber.

[0018] refer to Figures 7-9As shown, a sealing component 7 is provided between the lower plate 43 and the fixed seat 51 to specifically block the intrusion of impurities in the gear grinding environment, reduce the connection gap between the lower plate 43 and the fixed seat 51, and prevent contamination of the internal installation structure. The sealing component 7 includes two sealing rings 71 inserted between the lower plate 43 and the fixed seat 51. The double sealing rings 71 effectively prevent impurities such as coolant, metal shavings, and dust from entering the connection gap between the lower plate 43 and the fixed seat 51. Multiple rubber strips 72 are fixedly connected to both the upper and lower ends of the sealing rings 71. The elastic protrusion design of the rubber strips 72 allows the sealing rings 71 to form a flexible fit with the contact surfaces of the lower plate 43 and the fixed seat 51. When assembled and tightened, the rubber strips 72 can fill the tiny gaps in the contact surfaces through their own deformation. The surface of the sealing rings 71 is fixedly connected with protrusions 73, which facilitates the removal of the sealing rings 71.

[0019] The working principle of this invention is as follows: During gear grinding, multiple airbags 45 distributed around the adjustment disc 44 are inserted inside the upper plate 42 and the lower plate 43. The connectors 46 on the side walls of the airbags 45 are connected to the external pneumatic control system through air pipes. The air pipes are arranged in an orderly manner along the pipe grooves 47 near the ends of the upper plate 42 and the lower plate 43, and pass through the through grooves 48 on the surfaces of both to avoid air pipe entanglement. Finally, multiple fixing bolts 49 inside the upper plate 42 and the lower plate 43 are tightened to strengthen the connection between the two. After the upper plate 42 and the lower plate 43 are installed, fix the fixed seat 51 on the machine tool mounting base, then insert the lower plate 43 into the placement slot 53 of the fixed seat 51, and then rotate the positioning bolt 52 into the fixed seat 51 and the lower plate 43. Place the rubber ring 61 (with an inner steel ring 62 and an outer steel ring 63) of the vibration damping device 6 on the upper end face of the fixed plate 41, align the metal ring 66 in the perforation 65 on the surface of the rubber ring 61 with the mounting bolt 3 hole on the fixed plate 41, place the clamp body 1 on the upper end of the rubber ring 61, align the mounting hole of the clamp body 1 with the fixed plate 41 and the metal ring 66 hole of the rubber ring 61, and then screw in multiple symmetrically distributed mounting bolts 3, which pass through the clamp body 1, the metal ring 66, and the fixed plate 41; After the fixing bolt 49 is installed, push the two sealing rings 71 to insert them into the position between the lower plate 43 and the fixing seat 51. When the sealing rings 71 move, they will drive the rubber strip 72 to move. The rubber strip 72 is pressed against the upper surface of the fixing seat 51 or the bottom of the lower plate 43. When the sealing rings 71 need to be replaced, pull the protrusion 73 to drive the sealing rings 71 to move. The air inside the airbag 45 is controlled by the pneumatic control system. The expansion and contraction of the airbag 45 will push the adjustment plate 44 to move. The adjustment plate 44 drives the fixed plate 41 and the clamp body 1 to move. When the clamp body 1 moves to the appropriate position, the current size of the airbag 45 is maintained. The position of the adjustment plate 44 is continuously fed back by the displacement sensor when the adjustment plate 44 moves. After the gear grinding machine is started, the grinding wheel grinds the gear teeth at high speed, generating high-frequency vibration and cutting force. At this time, the rubber ring 61 between the fixture body 1 and the fixed plate 41 absorbs the vibration energy through its own elastic deformation, and the inner steel ring 62 and the outer steel ring 63 prevent the rubber ring 61 from being excessively deformed.

[0020] The foregoing has shown and described the basic principles, main features, and advantages of the present invention. Those skilled in the art should understand that the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments. The embodiments and descriptions in the specification are merely preferred examples and are not intended to limit the invention. Various changes and modifications can be made to the invention without departing from its spirit and scope, and all such changes and modifications fall within the scope of the present invention as claimed. The scope of protection of the present invention is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A gear grinding jig, comprising a jig body (1) and an adjusting device (4), characterized in that: An expansion member (2) is fixedly connected to the upper end of the clamp body (1). The adjustment device (4) is located directly below the clamp body (1). The adjustment device (4) includes a fixed plate (41) located at the bottom end of the clamp body (1). Multiple mounting bolts (3) are threadedly connected to the clamp body (1) and the fixed plate (41). An adjustment plate (44) is fixedly installed at the bottom end of the fixed plate (41). An upper plate (42) and a lower plate (43) are fitted on the surface of the adjustment plate (44). Multiple airbags (45) are inserted between the upper plate (42) and the lower plate (43). The airbags (45) are located on one side of the adjustment plate (44). Multiple airbags (45) are arranged around the adjustment plate (44). A vibration damping device (6) is provided between the clamp body (1) and the fixed plate (41). The vibration damping device (6) includes a rubber ring (61) inserted between the clamp body (1) and the fixed plate (41). The vibration damping device (6) is used to absorb the force generated by the clamp body (1) during operation.

2. The gear grinding fixture according to claim 1, characterized in that: The side wall of the airbag (45) is fixedly connected to a connector (46), the surface of the connector (46) is provided with an air tube, and the surface of multiple air tubes is provided with a pneumatic control system for controlling the air intake. The upper plate (42) and the lower plate (43) are provided with displacement sensors, which are used to detect the position of the adjustment plate (44).

3. The gear grinding fixture according to claim 2, characterized in that: The upper plate (42) and the lower plate (43) are each provided with a pipe groove (47) at one end close to each other. The pipe groove (47) is used to arrange the air pipes.

4. The gear grinding fixture according to claim 2, characterized in that: Both the upper plate (42) and the lower plate (43) have through grooves (48) on their surfaces. The through grooves (48) are used to provide a physical channel for the trachea to directionally pass through the component.

5. The gear grinding fixture according to claim 1, characterized in that: The upper plate (42) and lower plate (43) are internally threaded with multiple fixing bolts (49).

6. The gear grinding fixture according to claim 1, characterized in that: The bottom end of the lower plate (43) is provided with a fixing component (5). The fixing component (5) includes a fixing seat (51) located at the bottom end of the lower plate (43). The surface of the fixing seat (51) is provided with a placement groove (53). The lower plate (43) is inserted into the placement groove (53) of the fixing seat (51). The fixing seat (51) and the lower plate (43) are threaded together with a plurality of positioning bolts (52). The bottom end of the fixing seat (51) is provided with a machine tool connection seat.

7. The gear grinding fixture according to claim 1, characterized in that: An inner steel ring (62) is inserted inside the rubber ring (61), and an outer steel ring (63) is fitted on the surface of the rubber ring (61).

8. The gear grinding fixture according to claim 1, characterized in that: The rubber ring (61) has multiple grooves (64) at both the upper and lower ends, which are used to provide space for the rubber to deform.

9. The gear grinding fixture according to claim 1, characterized in that: The surface of the rubber ring (61) has multiple perforations (65), and a metal ring (66) is inserted into the perforations (65) of the rubber ring (61). The metal ring (66) is fitted onto the surface of the mounting bolt (3).

10. The gear grinding fixture according to claim 6, characterized in that: A sealing assembly (7) is provided between the lower plate (43) and the fixed seat (51). The sealing assembly (7) includes two sealing rings (71) inserted between the lower plate (43) and the fixed seat (51). Multiple rubber strips (72) are fixedly connected to both the upper and lower ends of the sealing rings (71). Protrusions (73) are fixedly connected to the surface of the sealing rings (71).

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