Dual-wavelength light spot flexible adjustment composite welding system and method
By using a dual-wavelength beam flexible adjustment composite welding system, the axially adjustable conical lens group and off-axis adjustable optical wedge module are used to achieve flexible control of the ring beam. Combined with a dichroic mirror and a pre-compensation beam expansion and shaping system, the problems of inconsistent weld formation and asymmetric heat-affected zone in traditional ring welding are solved, and highly flexible and efficient welding of lithium battery core components is achieved.
Patent Information
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Applications(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- FOSHAN UNIVERSITY
- Filing Date
- 2026-04-10
- Publication Date
- 2026-06-09
AI Technical Summary
Traditional single-beam Gaussian spot laser welding suffers from problems such as poor weld formation consistency, asymmetrical heat-affected zone, and easy welding defects in annular sealing welding scenarios, making it difficult to meet the stringent requirements of the lithium battery industry for high sealing performance, high strength, and high yield welding.
The system employs a dual-wavelength beam flexible adjustment composite welding system. It generates a spatially continuous real physical ring beam through an axially adjustable conical lens group. Combined with an off-axis adjustable optical wedge module, it achieves independent flexible control of the ring diameter, ring sweep radius, and ring sweep frequency. It also achieves lossless coaxial beam combining of the dual-wavelength beams through a dichroic mirror. With the help of a pre-compensated beam expander and shaping system, it precisely controls the wavefront curvature of the spot sweep beam. The system integrates four processing modes: static ring welding, high-speed ring sweep welding, high-precision spot sweep welding, and coaxial composite welding.
It solves the inherent defects of traditional ring welding, realizes the ability to flexibly adjust the spot, improves the flexibility and consistency of welding, adapts to the welding needs of workpieces of various specifications, and enhances process adaptability and production efficiency.
Smart Images
Figure CN122165043A_ABST
Abstract
Claims
1. A dual-wavelength beam flexible adjustment composite welding system, characterized in that, include: A ring welding laser source, wherein the ring welding laser source is used to emit a first fundamental mode laser beam for ring welding processing; An adjustable ring beam shaping and deflection device includes an axially adjustable conical lens group and an off-axis adjustable optical wedge module. The axially adjustable conical lens group is disposed on the main optical axis on the light-emitting side of the ring welding laser source, and the off-axis adjustable optical wedge module is disposed on the main optical axis on the light-emitting side of the axially adjustable conical lens group. A point-scanning laser source, wherein the point-scanning laser source is used to emit a second fundamental mode laser beam for fine scanning processing; A pre-compensation beam expanding and shaping system is disposed on the auxiliary optical axis on the light output side of the point scanning laser source; The dichroic mirror is disposed on the main optical axis of the off-axis adjustable optical wedge module and the auxiliary optical axis of the pre-compensated beam expander and shaping system. An electro-optical machining platform is provided, which is positioned on the outgoing optical axis of the dichroic mirror and is used to position the workpiece to be processed.
2. The dual-wavelength spot flexible adjustment composite welding system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The dual-wavelength beam flexible adjustment composite welding system also includes a collimation and beam expansion system, which is disposed in the optical path between the ring welding laser source and the adjustable ring beam shaping and deflection device.
3. The dual-wavelength spot flexible adjustment composite welding system according to claim 2, characterized in that, The dual-wavelength beam flexible adjustment composite welding system also includes a reflector, which is inclined at a 45° angle between the collimation beam expanding system and the axially adjustable conical lens group.
4. The dual-wavelength spot flexible adjustment composite welding system according to claim 3, characterized in that, The axially adjustable conical lens group includes an upright conical lens and an inverted conical lens. The upright conical lens and the inverted conical lens are arranged opposite each other at intervals, and the cone apex of the upright conical lens and the cone apex of the inverted conical lens face each other.
5. The dual-wavelength spot flexible adjustment composite welding system according to claim 4, characterized in that, The off-axis adjustable optical wedge module includes a first wedge mirror and a second wedge mirror, the first wedge mirror and the second wedge mirror are arranged opposite each other at a distance, and the inclined surface of the first wedge mirror is set facing the inclined surface of the second wedge mirror.
6. The dual-wavelength spot flexible adjustment composite welding system according to claim 5, characterized in that, The dual-wavelength beam flexible adjustment composite welding system also includes a two-dimensional galvanometer module and a 4f relay module. The two-dimensional galvanometer module is set on the auxiliary optical axis on the light output side of the pre-compensated beam expanding and shaping system, and the 4f relay module is set in the optical path between the two-dimensional galvanometer module and the dichroic mirror.
7. The dual-wavelength spot flexible adjustment composite welding system according to claim 6, characterized in that, The two-dimensional galvanometer module includes an X-axis galvanometer, a Y-axis galvanometer, and a galvanometer support. The X-axis galvanometer is mounted on the galvanometer support and is positioned along the X-axis. The Y-axis galvanometer is mounted on the galvanometer support and is positioned along the Y-axis. And / or, the 4f relay module includes a first relay lens, a relay reflector, and a second relay lens, wherein the first relay lens, the relay reflector, and the second relay lens are sequentially arranged along the optical path between the two-dimensional galvanometer module and the dichroic mirror.
8. The dual-wavelength spot flexible adjustment composite welding system according to claim 7, characterized in that, The dual-wavelength flexible adjustment composite welding system also includes a central control module and a host computer platform. The host computer platform is electrically connected to the central control module. The central control module is electrically connected to the circumferential welding laser source, the spot scanning laser source, the electrically controlled actuator of the axially adjustable conical lens group, the electrically controlled actuator of the off-axis adjustable optical wedge module, the two-dimensional galvanometer module, and the electrically controlled processing platform.
9. A welding method applicable to the dual-wavelength spot flexible adjustment composite welding system as described in claim 8, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: S1. Pre-processing: Import the machining drawings of the workpiece to be processed into the host computer platform, analyze the machining trajectory, ring welding process parameters and spot scanning process parameters. The central control module completes the accurate conversion of process parameters to motion control parameters based on the built-in program formula, and generates multi-axis motion control commands, laser synchronous triggering timing and galvanometer scanning waveform. S2. System Initialization and Parameter Calibration: The central control module drives the corresponding actuator to complete system initialization, that is, drives the Z-axis module of the electronically controlled machining platform to move to the preset position and locks the defocus height d of the target working surface; drives the Z1 axis electronically controlled displacement stage of the Z-axis module to adjust the axial distance Δz between the upright conical lens and the inverted conical lens to set the inner diameter of the annular beam on the target working surface; drives the Z2 axis electronically controlled translation stage of the Z-axis module to adjust the axial distance m between the first wedge mirror and the second wedge mirror along the main optical axis to set the annular scanning radius on the target working surface; adjusts the lens spacing of the pre-compensated beam expander and shaper system to calibrate the wavefront curvature radius of the spot scanning beam so that the focal point of the spot scanning beam falls precisely on the target working surface; S3. Welding Processing Execution: The central control module selects the corresponding processing mode according to the processing requirements, drives the corresponding actuator to move according to the preset control instructions and synchronization sequence, and synchronously triggers the corresponding laser source to emit light to complete the welding process. S4. Reset after processing: After the welding process is completed, the central control module turns off the ring welding laser source and the spot scanning laser source, controls all motion actuators to return to the mechanical origin, and uploads the processing data to the host computer platform to complete storage and traceability.
10. The welding method of the dual-wavelength spot flexible adjustment composite welding system according to claim 9, characterized in that, The processing modes in step S3 include static ring welding mode, high-speed ring sweep welding mode, high-precision spot sweep welding mode, and coaxial composite welding mode. The specific execution logic is as follows: Static ring welding mode: The central control module controls the Z2 axis electric translation stage to reset to m=0, the ring beam is eccentric, the hollow servo rotary motor is stationary, and the ring welding laser source is triggered to emit light synchronously, forming a closed and uniform static ring spot on the target working surface, completing the ring sealing welding without arc initiation and arc termination defects. High-speed ring sweep welding mode: The central control module controls the Z1 axis to control the cone lens spacing ΔZ and the Z2 axis to adjust the electric translation stage to the preset m, drive the hollow servo rotary motor to rotate at the set speed, and synchronously trigger the ring welding laser source to emit light, forming a ring-shaped light spot on the target working surface to complete the large-size ring sweep welding. High-precision spot scanning welding mode: The central control module drives the two-dimensional galvanometer module to perform high-speed deflection scanning of the XY axis according to the preset scanning trajectory, and simultaneously triggers the spot scanning laser source to emit light, completing high-precision two-dimensional free scanning welding on the target working surface; Coaxial composite welding mode: The central control module synchronously controls the ring welding laser source, spot scanning laser source, hollow servo rotary motor, and two-dimensional galvanometer module to achieve coaxial composite collaborative processing of ring welding and spot scanning welding, including static ring welding and high-precision spot scanning welding composite processing, and high-speed ring scanning welding and high-precision spot scanning welding composite processing.