Energy-absorbing device, energy-absorbing seat and vehicle

Abstract

This invention belongs to the field of automotive component technology and discloses an energy-absorbing device, an energy-absorbing seat, and a vehicle. The energy-absorbing device includes an energy-absorbing shell, a fixing block, a first fastener, an energy-absorbing steel strip, and multiple pins. The fixing block is slidably inserted into the energy-absorbing shell. The first fastener is disposed at one end of the energy-absorbing shell and passes through the energy-absorbing shell and the fixing block sequentially. The first fastener can restrict the sliding of the fixing block and the energy-absorbing shell. When the relative force between the first fastener and the energy-absorbing shell exceeds a set value, the first fastener can separate from the energy-absorbing shell. The energy-absorbing steel strip is fixedly connected to the fixing block. The multiple pins are arranged vertically and fixedly connected to the energy-absorbing shell, forming an S-shaped channel. The energy-absorbing steel strip passes through the S-shaped channel and fits against the multiple pins, allowing the energy-absorbing steel strip to move relative to the multiple pins. The energy-absorbing device, energy-absorbing seat, and vehicle provided by this invention provide more efficient energy absorption and better protection for occupants.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of automotive parts technology, and in particular to an energy-absorbing device, an energy-absorbing seat, and a vehicle. Background Technology

[0002] During operation, vehicles, especially special-purpose vehicles such as military and engineering vehicles, are prone to sudden dangerous scenarios such as landmine attacks, explosive device attacks, and violent collisions. These scenarios generate enormous impact energy, which is rapidly transferred through the vehicle's body structure to the seats and then acts on the critical parts of the occupants, easily causing injury or death. Therefore, energy-absorbing protection is an indispensable core element in vehicle design. As a core component of energy-absorbing seats, the energy-absorbing device's energy absorption efficiency and activation reliability directly determine the occupant's protective effect. It is widely used in various vehicle seats requiring high protective performance and is a key component for ensuring the safety of occupants.

[0003] Currently, existing energy-absorbing devices generally employ a combination of a metal steel strip and a multi-pin structure to achieve energy absorption. The core design concept utilizes the plastic deformation characteristics of the metal steel strip to dissipate impact energy, while the multi-pin structure limits and guides the metal steel strip, ensuring the orderly conduct of the energy absorption process. Specifically, when subjected to impact loads, the metal steel strip undergoes plastic deformation such as bending and stretching under the constraint of the multi-pin structure. Through energy loss during deformation, it absorbs the impact energy, thereby mitigating the impact load on the occupants. However, existing energy-absorbing devices using a metal steel strip and multi-pin structure rely solely on the plastic deformation of the metal steel strip for energy absorption, resulting in limited energy absorption effectiveness and failing to meet the high protection requirements for vehicle occupants. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of this invention is to provide an energy-absorbing device, an energy-absorbing seat, and a vehicle that absorbs energy more effectively, has higher reliability, and provides better protection for occupants.

[0005] To achieve this objective, the present invention adopts the following technical solution: In a first aspect, an energy-absorbing device is provided, comprising: Energy-absorbing casing; A fixing block, which is slidably inserted into the energy-absorbing housing; The first fastener is disposed at one end of the energy-absorbing shell and passes through the energy-absorbing shell and the fixing block in sequence. The first fastener can restrict the sliding of the fixing block and the energy-absorbing shell. When the relative force between the first fastener and the energy-absorbing shell exceeds a set value, the first fastener can separate from the energy-absorbing shell. An energy-absorbing steel strip, which is fixedly connected to the fixing block; Multiple pins are arranged sequentially in a vertical direction and fixedly connected to the energy-absorbing housing. The multiple pins form an S-shaped channel. The energy-absorbing steel strip passes through the S-shaped channel and is in contact with the multiple pins. The energy-absorbing steel strip can move relative to the multiple pins.

[0006] As one possible implementation of the above-mentioned energy-absorbing device, the energy-absorbing steel strip includes an S-shaped plate and a straight plate, the S-shaped plate being located within the S-shaped channel, and the straight plate being located on the side of the S-shaped plate away from the fixing block.

[0007] As one possible implementation of the above-mentioned energy-absorbing device, the energy-absorbing housing has a notch at one end near the first fastener, and the diameter of the notch is smaller than the outer diameter of the first fastener.

[0008] Secondly, an energy-absorbing seat is provided, comprising a seat assembly, a mounting bracket, and an energy-absorbing device as described in any of the above technical solutions, wherein the fixing block is fixedly connected to the mounting bracket, and the energy-absorbing housing is fixedly connected to the seat assembly.

[0009] As one possible implementation of the above-mentioned energy-absorbing seat, the energy-absorbing seat further includes a slider and a guide rail. The slider is fixedly connected to the seat assembly, and the guide rail extends vertically and is fixedly connected to the mounting bracket. The slider and the guide rail are slidably engaged.

[0010] As one possible implementation of the above-mentioned energy-absorbing seat, the energy-absorbing seat further includes a buffer limiting member, which is fixedly connected to the mounting bracket and abuts against the seat assembly along a first horizontal direction.

[0011] As one possible implementation of the aforementioned energy-absorbing seat, two energy-absorbing devices are provided, which are spaced apart along a second horizontal direction. Two sets of sliders and guide rails are provided, with the two sets of sliders and guide rails located on opposite sides of the two energy-absorbing devices.

[0012] As one possible implementation of the aforementioned energy-absorbing seat, the mounting bracket includes two columns and a mounting plate connected to the two columns. The two columns are spaced apart along the second horizontal direction and are fixedly connected between the ceiling and the base plate. The guide rail and the fixing block are fixedly connected to the mounting plate.

[0013] As one possible implementation of the aforementioned energy-absorbing seat, the seat assembly includes a seat body and a four-point seat belt, the four-point seat belt being installed on the seat body.

[0014] Thirdly, a vehicle is provided, including a roof, a floor, and an energy-absorbing seat as described in any of the above technical solutions, wherein the mounting bracket is fixedly connected between the roof and the floor.

[0015] The beneficial effects of this invention are: This invention provides an energy-absorbing device, an energy-absorbing seat, and a vehicle. In the initial state, the fixing block and the energy-absorbing shell are in a slidable mating state. A first fastener passes through the energy-absorbing shell and the fixing block in sequence, fixing them relative to each other. At this time, the energy-absorbing steel strip is fixed to the fixing block and passes through an S-shaped channel formed by multiple vertically arranged pins, closely fitting with each pin and remaining stationary, ensuring that the device is in a stable standby state. When the device is subjected to an external impact load, and the relative force between the first fastener and the energy-absorbing shell transmitted by the load exceeds a set value, the first fastener separates from the energy-absorbing shell, releasing the sliding restriction on the fixing block and the energy-absorbing shell. At this point, the external impact will push the fixed block to slide relative to the energy-absorbing shell. Since one end of the energy-absorbing steel strip is fixed to the fixed block and the other end is displaced as the fixed block slides, and the energy-absorbing steel strip passes through the S-shaped channel formed by the pins and is in contact with each pin, the energy-absorbing steel strip will have relative frictional movement with multiple pins during the sliding process of the fixed block. At the same time, the structure of the S-shaped channel will force the energy-absorbing steel strip to repeatedly bend, stretch and rub. Through this series of physical actions, the kinetic energy generated by the external impact is gradually converted into frictional heat, material plastic deformation energy and other forms, realizing the gradual dissipation of energy until the fixed block slides to the limit position and the deformation and friction of the energy-absorbing steel strip reach stability, thus completing the entire energy absorption process.

[0016] Traditional energy-absorbing devices often employ single material deformation or friction energy absorption methods, resulting in a limited energy dissipation path and potential issues such as incomplete energy absorption and residual energy. This device innovatively utilizes a cooperative structure involving a first fastener and an energy-absorbing shell, along with an energy-absorbing steel strip and S-shaped arranged pins. When the fixed block slides, the first fastener damages the energy-absorbing shell, absorbing some energy. Simultaneously, the energy-absorbing steel strip rubs against multiple pins within the S-shaped channel, undergoing repeated bending and stretching deformation, resulting in plastic deformation energy absorption. The multiple pins increase the frictional contact area of ​​the energy-absorbing steel strip, while the S-shaped channel design extends the movement path and friction time of the steel strip. This allows external impact kinetic energy to be fully dissipated through multi-path, long-term energy conversion, avoiding the problem of insufficient energy absorption caused by localized energy concentration and significantly improving energy absorption efficiency. By combining the energy-absorbing shell's destructive energy absorption with the energy-absorbing steel strip's plastic deformation energy absorption mechanism, the energy absorption effect of the entire energy-absorbing device is more complete, significantly reducing the peak value of the impact load, reducing the transmission of impact energy to the occupant compartment, avoiding severe impact on the occupants, and further ensuring the safety of the occupants.

[0017] The first fastener, acting as a triggering component, stably secures the fixing block and the energy-absorbing shell under normal operating conditions, preventing accidental triggering. When subjected to an impact exceeding a set value, it can break the energy-absorbing shell and separate from it in a timely manner, ensuring a smooth start to the energy absorption process. It features high triggering accuracy and stable response. Both the energy-absorbing steel belt and the pins are made of high-strength wear-resistant materials, capable of withstanding repeated friction and plastic deformation impacts, and are not prone to breakage or failure. At the same time, multiple pins are arranged vertically and orderly, forming a stable S-shaped channel, ensuring the stable movement trajectory of the energy-absorbing steel belt and preventing interruptions in the energy absorption process due to structural misalignment. This effectively improves the reliability of the device under impact conditions, ensuring that the energy absorption process can be completed continuously and stably. Attached Figure Description

[0018] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the energy absorption device provided in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the steel strip structure in the energy-absorbing device provided in the embodiment of the present invention; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram illustrating the working principle of the energy absorption device provided in the embodiments of the present invention; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the integrated energy-absorbing seat provided in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 5 This is an exploded view of the integrated energy-absorbing seat provided in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the slider and guide rail provided in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the mounting bracket provided in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 8 This is a structural schematic diagram of the seat assembly provided in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the initial and final states of the seat assembly provided in the embodiments of the present invention.

[0019] In the picture: 1. Seat assembly; 11. Seat cushion; 12. Four-point seat belt; 13. Backrest; 14. Headrest; 15. Retractor; 16. Backrest adjustment handle; 17. Seat cushion adjustment handle; 18. Slide rail; 2. Mounting bracket; 21. Column; 22. Mounting plate; 23. Connector; 24. Support plate; 3. Energy-absorbing device; 31. Energy-absorbing housing; 32. Fixing block; 33. Energy-absorbing steel strip; 331. S-shaped plate; 332. Straight plate; 34. Pin shaft; 35. First fastener; 36. Second fastener; 4. Slider; 5. Guide rail; 6. Fixed frame; 61. Fixed plate; 62. Connecting plate; 7. Buffer limiter. Detailed Implementation

[0020] The present invention will now be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the invention and not intended to limit it. Furthermore, it should be noted that, for ease of description, the accompanying drawings show only the parts relevant to the present invention, and not all of the structures.

[0021] In the description of this invention, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "connected," "linked," and "fixed" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral part; they can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; they can refer to the internal communication of two components or the interaction between two components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this invention based on the specific circumstances.

[0022] In this invention, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, "above" or "below" the second feature can include direct contact between the first and second features, or contact between the first and second features through another feature between them. Furthermore, "above," "over," and "on top" of the second feature includes the first feature directly above or diagonally above the second feature, or simply indicates that the first feature is at a higher horizontal level than the second feature. "Below," "below," and "under" the second feature includes the first feature directly below or diagonally below the second feature, or simply indicates that the first feature is at a lower horizontal level than the second feature.

[0023] In the description of this embodiment, the terms "upper," "lower," "left," and "right," etc., refer to the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. They are used only for ease of description and simplification of operation, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on the present invention. In addition, the terms "first" and "second" are used only for distinction in description and have no special meaning.

[0024] like Figure 1-3As shown, an embodiment of the present invention provides an energy-absorbing device 3, including an energy-absorbing housing 31, a fixing block 32, a first fastener 35, an energy-absorbing steel strip 33, and a plurality of pins 34. The fixing block 32 is slidably inserted into the energy-absorbing housing 31. The first fastener 35 is disposed at one end of the energy-absorbing housing 31 and passes through the energy-absorbing housing 31 and the fixing block 32 in sequence. The first fastener 35 can restrict the sliding of the fixing block 32 and the energy-absorbing housing 31. When the relative force between the first fastener 35 and the energy-absorbing housing 31 exceeds a set value, the first fastener 35 can separate from the energy-absorbing housing 31. The energy-absorbing steel strip 33 is fixedly connected to the fixing block 32. The plurality of pins 34 are arranged in sequence along the vertical direction and fixedly connected to the energy-absorbing housing 31. The plurality of pins 34 form an S-shaped channel. The energy-absorbing steel strip 33 passes through the S-shaped channel and fits against the plurality of pins 34. The energy-absorbing steel strip 33 can move relative to the plurality of pins 34. Specifically, the energy-absorbing steel strip 33 is fixedly connected to the fixing block 32 by the second fastener 36, and both the first fastener 35 and the second fastener 36 are bolts.

[0025] In the initial state, the fixing block 32 and the energy-absorbing housing 31 are in a slidable insertion state. The first fastener 35 passes through the energy-absorbing housing 31 and the fixing block 32 in sequence, fixing them relative to each other. At this time, the energy-absorbing steel strip 33 is fixed to the fixing block 32 and passes through the S-shaped channel formed by multiple vertically arranged pins 34, closely fitting with each pin 34 and remaining stationary, ensuring that the device is in a stable standby state. When the device is subjected to an external impact load, and the relative force between the first fastener 35 and the energy-absorbing housing 31 transmitted by the load exceeds a set value, the first fastener 35 separates from the energy-absorbing housing 31, releasing the sliding restriction on the fixing block 32 and the energy-absorbing housing 31. At this time, the external impact will push the fixed block 32 to slide relative to the energy-absorbing shell 31. Since one end of the energy-absorbing steel strip 33 is fixed to the fixed block 32, and the other end is displaced as the fixed block 32 slides, and the energy-absorbing steel strip 33 passes through the S-shaped channel formed by the pins 34 and is in contact with each pin 34, during the sliding process of the fixed block 32, the energy-absorbing steel strip 33 will have relative frictional movement with multiple pins 34. At the same time, the structure of the S-shaped channel will force the energy-absorbing steel strip 33 to repeatedly bend, stretch and rub. Through this series of physical actions, the kinetic energy generated by the external impact is gradually converted into frictional heat, material plastic deformation energy and other forms, realizing the gradual dissipation of energy until the fixed block 32 slides to the limit position and the deformation and friction of the energy-absorbing steel strip 33 reach stability, completing the entire energy absorption process.

[0026] Traditional energy-absorbing devices often employ single material deformation or friction energy absorption methods, resulting in a limited energy dissipation path and potential issues such as incomplete energy absorption and residual energy. This device innovatively utilizes a cooperative structure involving a first fastener 35 with the energy-absorbing shell 31, and an energy-absorbing steel strip 33 with S-shaped arranged pins 34. When the fixing block 32 slides, the first fastener 35 damages the energy-absorbing shell 31, thereby absorbing some energy. Furthermore, the energy-absorbing steel strip 33 simultaneously rubs against multiple pins 34 within the S-shaped channel, accompanied by repeated bending and stretching deformation, resulting in plastic deformation energy absorption. The multiple pins 34 increase the frictional contact area of ​​the energy-absorbing steel strip 33, while the S-shaped channel design extends the movement path and friction time of the energy-absorbing steel strip 33. This allows external impact kinetic energy to be fully dissipated through multi-path, long-term energy conversion, avoiding the problem of insufficient energy absorption caused by localized energy concentration and significantly improving energy absorption efficiency. By combining the destructive energy absorption of the energy-absorbing shell 31 with the plastic deformation energy absorption of the energy-absorbing steel strip 33, the energy absorption effect of the entire energy-absorbing device 3 is made more complete, significantly reducing the peak value of the impact load, reducing the transmission of impact energy to the occupant compartment, avoiding severe impact on the occupants, and further ensuring the safety of the occupants.

[0027] The first fastener 35 serves as a triggering component. Under normal operating conditions, it stably fixes the fixing block 32 and the energy-absorbing shell 31 to prevent accidental triggering. When subjected to an impact exceeding a set value, it can break the energy-absorbing shell 31 and separate from it in time, ensuring a smooth start to the energy absorption process. It has high triggering accuracy and stable response. The energy-absorbing steel belt 33 and the pins 34 are both made of high-strength wear-resistant materials, which can withstand repeated friction and plastic deformation impacts and are not prone to breakage or failure. At the same time, multiple pins 34 are arranged vertically and orderly to form a stable S-shaped channel, ensuring the stable movement trajectory of the energy-absorbing steel belt 33 and preventing the interruption of the energy absorption process due to structural misalignment. This effectively improves the working reliability of the device under impact conditions and ensures that the energy absorption process can be completed continuously and stably.

[0028] In this embodiment, the parts that generate relative motion are the energy-absorbing steel belt 33, the fixing block 32, and the energy-absorbing shell 31. The gap between the energy-absorbing steel belt 33 and the energy-absorbing shell 31 is relatively large and it is not easy to get stuck. The overlap between the fixing block 32 and the energy-absorbing shell 31 is relatively small and it is also not easy to get stuck. The structure of the energy absorber determines the stability of the energy absorber during startup and continuous operation.

[0029] Furthermore, such as Figure 2 As shown, the energy-absorbing steel belt 33 includes an S-shaped plate 331 and a straight plate 332. The S-shaped plate 331 is located in the S-shaped channel, and the straight plate 332 is located on the side of the S-shaped plate 331 away from the fixing block 32.

[0030] The shape of the S-shaped plate 331 matches the S-shaped channel formed by the pins 34, enabling the S-shaped plate 331 to achieve a tighter and more comprehensive fit with the multiple pins 34, which can significantly increase the frictional contact area. When the fixed block 32 slides and the energy-absorbing steel strip 33 moves relative to the multiple pins 34, the S-shaped plate 331 can generate friction with each pin 34 synchronously. At the same time, it can bend and stretch more smoothly along the direction of the S-shaped channel, maximizing the effects of frictional energy absorption and plastic deformation energy absorption, making the energy absorption process more complete.

[0031] Optionally, the energy-absorbing housing 31 has a notch at one end near the first fastener 35, and the diameter of the notch is smaller than the outer diameter of the first fastener 35.

[0032] When the external impact load transmits a relative force between the first fastener 35 and the energy-absorbing shell 31 exceeding a set value, the notch provides a certain deformation space for the energy-absorbing shell 31, causing slight plastic deformation at the notch-corresponding portion. This releases the constraint on the first fastener 35, allowing it to separate smoothly from the energy-absorbing shell 31. The notch design prevents the energy-absorbing shell 31 from experiencing trigger lag due to excessive rigidity or structural damage due to excessive triggering force. It ensures a precise and smooth triggering process, guaranteeing the timely activation of the energy-absorbing mechanism of the energy-absorbing steel strip 33 and pin 34, allowing the impact kinetic energy to be dissipated as early as possible, and further improving energy absorption sufficiency.

[0033] like Figure 4-9 As shown, an embodiment of the present invention provides an energy-absorbing seat, including a seat assembly 1, a mounting bracket 2, and the aforementioned energy-absorbing device 3. The mounting bracket 2 is used to fix the seat assembly 1 between the ceiling and the floor. The seat assembly 1 is mounted on the mounting bracket 2. The fixing block 32 is fixedly connected to the mounting bracket 2. The energy-absorbing shell 31 is fixedly connected to the seat assembly 1.

[0034] Reference Figure 3 and Figure 9When the bottom of the vehicle is hit by a landmine or explosive, the instantaneous release of the blast shock wave will cause the vehicle body to generate a violent upward vertical acceleration. The vehicle body and the mounting bracket 2 move upward, and the fixing block 32 fixed on the mounting bracket 2 moves upward synchronously. Due to inertia, the seat assembly 1 and the energy-absorbing shell 31 move with lag. The fixing block 32 and the energy-absorbing shell 31 will move relative to each other. The fixing block 32 drives the energy-absorbing steel belt 33 to move upward. The first fastener 35 fixed on the fixing block 32 breaks the upper end of the energy-absorbing shell 31 and separates from the energy-absorbing shell 31. Then the energy-absorbing steel belt 33 moves upward. Since multiple staggered pins 34 are attached to the S-shaped plate 331 of the energy-absorbing steel belt 33, the S-shaped plate 331 will undergo plastic deformation around the pins 34 under the action of the impact force, gradually absorbing and buffering the impact force generated by the explosion until the impact force is fully consumed. The seat assembly 1 returns to a relatively stable state, thereby protecting the passengers on the seat.

[0035] The energy absorption and vibration reduction of the energy-absorbing device 3 is mainly divided into two stages. The first stage is the activation stage, where the impact acts on the mounting bracket 2 at the rear of the seat, causing the fixing block 32 of the energy-absorbing device 3 to move upward. The first fastener 35 breaks the energy-absorbing shell 31 and creates a notch, causing the fixing block 32 to separate from the energy-absorbing shell 31, and the energy-absorbing steel belt 33 and the pin 34 to move relative to each other. The second stage is the force-limiting energy absorption stage, where the energy-absorbing steel belt 33 moves upward and the pin 34 moves downward relative to it. The energy-absorbing steel belt 33 continuously undergoes plastic deformation, and the seat assembly 1 and the occupant are subjected to a constant and safe force, which can protect the occupant's safety. Under large vehicle bottom impact conditions (greater than 10g acceleration), the energy-absorbing device 3 can respond quickly, limit force and absorb energy, and achieve force limiting and energy absorption in a specific direction to ensure the safety of the occupants. Under normal vehicle driving conditions, the energy-absorbing device 3 does not work, meeting daily use needs, while also possessing the comfort and reliability of traditional car seats.

[0036] Furthermore, the energy-absorbing seat also includes a slider 4 and a guide rail 5. The slider 4 is fixedly connected to the seat assembly 1, and the guide rail 5 extends vertically and is fixedly connected to the mounting bracket 2. The slider 4 and the guide rail 5 are in sliding engagement.

[0037] The guide rail 5 extends vertically, and the slider 4 forms a precise sliding fit with the guide rail 5, which can strictly constrain the seat assembly 1 to move only in the vertical direction, effectively preventing the seat from lateral or sideways swaying or twisting under the impact of an explosion. It also eliminates problems such as jamming of the energy-absorbing steel belt 33 and pin 34 and structural interference caused by deviation of the movement trajectory during the energy absorption process, ensuring that the steel belt S-shaped plate 331 and each pin 34 are deformed in the design sequence, giving full play to the efficiency of multi-stage plastic energy absorption, and further improving the overall energy absorption and buffering effect.

[0038] Furthermore, the energy-absorbing seat also includes a cushioning limiter 7, which is fixedly connected to the mounting bracket 2 and abuts against the seat assembly 1 along a first horizontal direction. Specifically, the cushioning limiter 7 is a rubber pad.

[0039] Reference Figure 5 The buffer limiting member 7 abuts against the seat assembly 1 along the first horizontal direction, which can precisely constrain the displacement of the seat assembly 1 in the first horizontal direction, limit the frame momentum of the seat assembly 1 in the first horizontal direction, and prevent the seat assembly 1 from excessively shifting or shaking in the first horizontal direction during a vehicle collision. Combined with the vertical guiding constraint of the seat by the slider 4 and the guide rail 5, the lateral constraint, which was originally limited only by the slider 4 and the guide rail 5, is increased to a dual constraint by the slider-guide rail structure and the buffer limiting member 7. This effectively avoids the problem of lateral frame movement of the seat, ensures that the movement of the seat under collision conditions is always within the design range, and avoids abnormal stress on the energy-absorbing steel belt 33 and pin 34 structure of the energy-absorbing device 3 due to excessive displacement. This ensures that the energy-absorbing device 3 can stably perform its energy-absorbing function, making the energy-absorbing buffering process smooth and controllable, and minimizing impact damage.

[0040] Furthermore, there are two energy-absorbing devices 3, which are distributed at intervals along the second horizontal direction. There are two sets of sliders 4 and guide rails 5, which are located on opposite sides of the two energy-absorbing devices 3.

[0041] On the one hand, the two energy-absorbing devices 3 are symmetrically arranged at intervals along the second horizontal direction, which can evenly distribute the vertical load generated by the explosion impact to the energy-absorbing units on both sides, avoiding local overload failure caused by concentrated load on one side. This allows the energy-absorbing steel strips 33 on both sides and the pins 34 to deform and absorb energy in synergy, greatly improving the overall energy absorption capacity and buffering effect, and enhancing the stability of the seat assembly 1 and the fixed frame 6 during the energy absorption process, ensuring that the seat can still stably play a protective role under large impact loads. On the other hand, both sets of guide rails 5 and the two energy-absorbing devices 3 are installed on the mounting bracket 2, and the two energy-absorbing devices 3 are located between the two sets of sliders 4 and the guide rails 5. No additional installation space is required, and the area on the mounting plate 22 can be fully utilized to achieve compact integration of the structure and reduce space occupation.

[0042] Understandably, the first horizontal direction is the front-to-back direction of the vehicle, and the second horizontal direction is the left-to-right direction of the vehicle.

[0043] Furthermore, the mounting bracket 2 includes two columns 21 and a mounting plate 22 connected to the two columns 21. The two columns 21 are spaced apart along the second horizontal direction. The two columns 21 are used to fix the connection between the ceiling and the base plate. The guide rail 5 and the fixing block 32 are fixedly connected to the mounting plate 22.

[0044] The mounting bracket 2 is fixed to the roof and bottom of the vehicle by two columns 21, forming a stable support frame. The mounting plate 22 connects the two columns 21, which greatly improves the load-bearing capacity of the entire mounting structure and ensures that the structure will not loosen or break under long-term use and sudden impact, thus improving the overall reliability of operation.

[0045] Furthermore, the seat assembly 1 includes a seat and a four-point seat belt 12, which is installed in the seat. The four-point seat belt 12 and the retractor 15 can secure the occupant to the seat, preventing the occupant from slipping off the seat belt and causing secondary injury in the event of an impact from the bottom of the vehicle, thus improving the safety and reliability of the seat.

[0046] Specifically, such as Figure 8 As shown, the seat includes a seat cushion 11, a backrest 13 and a headrest 14. A slide rail 18 is fixedly connected to the fixing plate 61. The bottom of the seat cushion 11 is slidably connected to the slide rail 18. A backrest adjustment handle 16 and a seat cushion adjustment handle 17 are provided on the side of the seat cushion 11 to facilitate the occupant to adjust their sitting posture and improve the comfort of the seat.

[0047] Reference Figure 4 A fixed frame 6 is installed at the bottom of the seat assembly 1, and the slider 4 is fixedly connected to the fixed frame 6. Specifically, the fixed frame 6 includes a fixed plate 61 and connecting plates 62 fixedly connected to both sides of the fixed plate 61 in the second horizontal direction. The connecting plate 62 includes a first connecting part and a second connecting part that are vertically connected. The first connecting part is fixedly connected to the slider 4, and the second connecting part is fixedly connected to the fixed plate 61.

[0048] The first connecting part and the second connecting part of the connecting plate 62 are perpendicularly connected to form a right-angle structure. This structure itself has strong resistance to bending and deformation, and can better withstand longitudinal and transverse combined loads, reducing the risk of plastic deformation of the connecting plate 62 itself. At the same time, the connecting plates 62 on both sides are symmetrically distributed on both sides of the fixed plate 61, forming a stable frame structure with the fixed plate 61, firmly fixing the seat assembly 1 and preventing the seat from loosening or shaking under conditions such as collisions and bumps. In addition, the connecting plate 62 achieves precise docking with the slider 4 and the fixed plate 61 through two connecting parts, which further improves the connection reliability between the fixed frame 6 and the guide structure, ensuring that the guide structure can stably play a restraining role and avoid problems such as seat displacement and jamming.

[0049] Optionally, the fixed frame 6 also includes reinforcing ribs connected between the first connecting part and the second connecting part. The first connecting part and the second connecting part are perpendicularly connected to form a right-angle structure. The reinforcing ribs, as supporting components connecting the two, can effectively disperse the concentrated stress at the connection point, forming a triangular stable support. This fundamentally enhances the bending and shear resistance of the connecting plate 62, prevents permanent deformation of the connecting plate 62, and ensures that the fixed frame 6 maintains structural integrity under complex loads.

[0050] Reference Figure 8 The mounting bracket 2 also includes a connector 23 and a support plate 24. The connector 23 is fixedly connected to the bottom of the column 21 by bolts. The connector 23 is fixedly connected to the support plate 24. The support plate 24 is used to support the column 21. There are reinforcing ribs connecting the connector 23 and the support plate 24 to provide stable support for the entire energy-absorbing seat.

[0051] An embodiment of the present invention provides a vehicle including a roof, a floor, and the aforementioned energy-absorbing seat, with a mounting bracket 2 fixedly connected between the roof and the floor.

[0052] Obviously, the above embodiments of the present invention are merely examples for clearly illustrating the present invention, and are not intended to limit the implementation of the present invention. Those skilled in the art will be able to make various obvious changes, readjustments, and substitutions without departing from the scope of protection of the present invention. It is neither necessary nor possible to exhaustively describe all embodiments here. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, and improvements made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included within the scope of protection of the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. An energy absorption device, characterized in that, include: Energy-absorbing shell (31); A fixing block (32) is slidably inserted into the energy-absorbing shell (31); The first fastener (35) is disposed at one end of the energy-absorbing shell (31) and passes through the energy-absorbing shell (31) and the fixing block (32) in sequence. The first fastener (35) can restrict the fixing block (32) from sliding with the energy-absorbing shell (31). When the relative force between the first fastener (35) and the energy-absorbing shell (31) exceeds a set value, the first fastener (35) can separate from the energy-absorbing shell (31). An energy-absorbing steel strip (33) is fixedly connected to the fixing block (32); Multiple pins (34) are arranged in sequence along the vertical direction and fixedly connected to the energy-absorbing shell (31). The multiple pins (34) form an S-shaped channel. The energy-absorbing steel strip (33) passes through the S-shaped channel and fits against the multiple pins (34). The energy-absorbing steel strip (33) can move relative to the multiple pins (34).

2. The energy-absorbing device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The energy-absorbing steel strip (33) includes an S-shaped plate (331) and a straight plate (332). The S-shaped plate (331) is located in the S-shaped channel, and the straight plate (332) is located on the side of the S-shaped plate (331) away from the fixing block (32).

3. The energy-absorbing device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The energy-absorbing shell (31) has a notch at one end near the first fastener (35), and the diameter of the notch is smaller than the outer diameter of the first fastener (35).

4. An energy-absorbing seat, characterized in that, The device includes a seat assembly (1), a mounting bracket (2), and an energy-absorbing device as described in any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the fixing block (32) is fixedly connected to the mounting bracket (2), and the energy-absorbing housing (31) is fixedly connected to the seat assembly (1).

5. The energy-absorbing seat according to claim 4, characterized in that, The energy-absorbing seat also includes a slider (4) and a guide rail (5). The slider (4) is fixedly connected to the seat assembly (1), and the guide rail (5) extends vertically and is fixedly connected to the mounting bracket (2). The slider (4) and the guide rail (5) are slidably engaged.

6. The energy-absorbing seat according to claim 5, characterized in that, The energy-absorbing seat also includes a buffer limiting member (7), which is fixedly connected to the mounting bracket (2) and abuts against the seat assembly (1) in the first horizontal direction.

7. The energy-absorbing seat according to claim 5, characterized in that, Two energy-absorbing devices are provided, and the two energy-absorbing devices are distributed at intervals along the second horizontal direction. Two sets of sliders (4) and guide rails (5) are provided, and the two sets of sliders (4) and guide rails (5) are located on opposite sides of the two energy-absorbing devices.

8. The energy-absorbing seat according to claim 7, characterized in that, The mounting bracket (2) includes two columns (21) and a mounting plate (22) connected to the two columns (21). The two columns (21) are spaced apart along the second horizontal direction. The two columns (21) are used to be fixedly connected between the ceiling and the base plate. The guide rail (5) and the fixing block (32) are fixedly connected to the mounting plate (22).

9. The energy-absorbing seat according to claim 4, characterized in that, The seat assembly (1) includes a seat body and a four-point seat belt (12), which is installed on the seat body.

10. A vehicle, characterized in that, Includes a roof, a base plate, and an energy-absorbing seat as described in any one of claims 4 to 9, wherein the mounting bracket (2) is fixedly connected between the roof and the base plate.

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