A drainage filtering and separating device for open-pit mines

Abstract

This invention discloses an open-pit mine drainage filtration and separation device, comprising: a first filtration mechanism disposed on a movable base; and a second filtration mechanism disposed on the movable base and connected to the first filtration mechanism; wherein the filtration level of the second filtration mechanism is higher than that of the first filtration mechanism. This invention relates to the field of mining filtration device technology, employing a two-stage filtration architecture, achieving solid-liquid separation through the synergistic effect of cyclone separation and centrifugal separation; the two-stage filtration employs differentiated treatment for impurities with different characteristics, reducing the pressure of single-stage filtration and improving overall separation efficiency, effectively reducing the loss of minerals from the mine surface and environmental pollution, forming a gradient separation network.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of mining filtration devices, specifically an open-pit mine drainage filtration and separation device. Background Technology

[0002] In modern open-pit mining, water often accumulates in the foundation pit due to natural rainfall and excavation. For the sake of subsequent construction progress and safety, it is necessary to drain the water.

[0003] Most open-pit mines use a combination of trench drainage and pumping for drainage. Depending on the size of the mine, they may choose to drain in sections or centrally. However, since the water flows over the mine surface, it carries a lot of impurities. During use, problems such as pump contamination, pipe blockage, and mineral pollution of the environment are very likely to occur. Therefore, it is necessary to install a filtration and separation device on the drainage system.

[0004] At present, the drainage systems of open-pit mines have relatively simple filtration methods for impurities in the water, and most of them can only filter out large-diameter impurities. There is usually no good way to treat some water-soluble impurities. If these impurities are discharged with the water, it will not only cause waste, but also easily pollute the surrounding water ecology. In view of this, in-depth research was conducted on the above problems, which led to this case. Summary of the Invention

[0005] To address the shortcomings of existing technologies, this invention provides an open-pit mine drainage filtration and separation device, which solves the existing background technology problems.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution: an open-pit mine drainage filtration and separation device, the drainage filtration and separation device comprising: Mobile base; A first filtration mechanism is located on the movable base; A second filtration mechanism is disposed on the movable base and is connected to the first filtration mechanism; The second filtration mechanism has a higher filtration level than the first filtration mechanism. A mixing mechanism is connected between the second filtration mechanism and the first filtration mechanism, and the mixing mechanism is driven by the water outlet of the first filtration mechanism. The pump is connected to the first filtration mechanism.

[0007] In some embodiments, the first filtration mechanism includes a filter housing and a cyclone filter assembly; The filter housing is disposed on the movable base, and the cyclone filter assembly is disposed on the filter housing; The second filtration mechanism includes a separator housing and a centrifugal separation component; The separator housing is located on the movable base, and the centrifugal separation assembly is located on the separator housing.

[0008] In some embodiments, the centrifugal separation assembly includes a power component, a centrifugal component, and a separation component; The centrifugal component is rotatably mounted on the separator housing, and the separator is rotatably mounted inside the centrifugal component. The power component is located on one side of the separator housing and is connected to the centrifugal component. The power component drives the centrifugal component to rotate, thereby cooperating with the separator to perform centrifugal separation. The separator housing is provided with a liquid inlet, which is connected to the mixing mechanism. The separator housing is also provided with a liquid outlet, which is used to discharge the clear liquid.

[0009] In some embodiments, the centrifugal separation assembly further includes a discharge port located in the separator housing. The discharge port cooperates with the centrifugal separation assembly to discharge the centrifugally separated solid material.

[0010] In some embodiments, the cyclone filtration assembly includes a separating cyclone channel, a slag discharge port, and a filter cartridge; The separation vortex is installed on the filter housing, the filter housing is provided with a liquid inlet, the liquid inlet enters along the tangential direction of the filter housing, the slag discharge port is located at the bottom of the filter housing, and the separation vortex is spirally distributed inside the filter housing and extends from the liquid inlet to the slag discharge port. The filter cartridge is located on the top of the filter housing, and a drain port is connected to the filter cartridge and the drain port is connected to the mixing mechanism.

[0011] In some embodiments, a power recovery component is provided on the top of the filter housing, and the drain outlet passes through the power recovery component to recover the kinetic energy of the liquid discharged from the drain outlet.

[0012] In some embodiments, the mixing mechanism includes a dosing component and a mixing component; The mixing component has an inlet and an outlet, the inlet being connected to the drain port and the outlet being connected to the inlet port, and the dosing component is disposed on the mixing component.

[0013] In some embodiments, the mixing mechanism further includes a transmission assembly; The mixing assembly has a mixer, and the transmission assembly connects the mixer and the power recovery unit to drive the mixer via the power recovery unit; The transmission component is also connected to the dosing component to add medicine according to the liquid output from the drain port.

[0014] An open-pit mine drainage device, used in open-pit mines, includes the above-mentioned open-pit mine drainage filtration and separation device; The open-pit mine drainage device also includes a main drainage pipe, which is fitted into the open-pit mine pit and connected to the pump.

[0015] In some embodiments, the main drainage pipe is provided with several branch pipes.

[0016] Beneficial effects:

[0017] This invention provides an open-pit mine drainage filtration and separation device. It offers the following advantages: First, the device employs a two-stage filtration architecture, achieving solid-liquid separation through the synergistic effect of cyclone separation and centrifugal separation. The first stage utilizes cyclone separation technology, using the centrifugal force generated by the high-speed cyclone field to separate large particulate impurities, reducing the clogging problem of traditional filters and improving treatment efficiency. The second stage employs centrifugal separation technology, using the powerful centrifugal force generated by high-speed rotation to further separate fine particles, ensuring water purification. The two-stage filtration employs differentiated treatment for impurities with different characteristics, reducing the pressure on single-stage filtration while improving overall separation efficiency, effectively reducing the loss of minerals from the mine surface and environmental pollution, forming a gradient separation network.

[0018] Secondly, the device integrates a kinetic energy recovery mechanism and an intelligent dosing system, forming a closed-loop energy management system. The kinetic energy recovery mechanism utilizes the kinetic energy from the discharge to drive the mixer, ensuring thorough mixing of the chemicals and suspension and reducing system energy consumption. The intelligent dosing system, through a transmission component linked to the dosing controller, dynamically adjusts the dosing rate based on the discharge flow rate, ensuring precise matching between the amount of chemicals added and the treatment capacity, avoiding waste or incomplete reaction. This system achieves energy saving and precise control through triple linkage control of flow rate, power, and dosing amount, improving treatment efficiency, reducing operating costs, and demonstrating significant technical advantages for treating high-concentration mine wastewater. Attached Figure Description

[0019] Figure 1 This is a first three-dimensional structural schematic diagram of an open-pit mine drainage filtration and separation device according to the present invention.

[0020] Figure 2 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the first filtration mechanism of the open-pit mine drainage filtration and separation device according to the present invention.

[0021] Figure 3 This is a partial cross-sectional view of the first filtration mechanism of an open-pit mine drainage filtration and separation device according to the present invention.

[0022] Figure 4 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the second filtration mechanism of the open-pit mine drainage filtration and separation device described in this invention.

[0023] Figure 5 This is a partial cross-sectional view of the second filtration mechanism of the open-pit mine drainage filtration and separation device according to the present invention.

[0024] Figure 6 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the mixing mechanism of an open-pit mine drainage filtration and separation device according to the present invention.

[0025] Figure 7 This is a partial cross-sectional view of the open-pit mine drainage filtration and separation device described in this invention.

[0026] Figure 8 This is a partial cross-sectional view of the mixing mechanism of an open-pit mine drainage filtration and separation device according to the present invention.

[0027] Figure 9 This is a partial three-dimensional structural diagram of the mixing mechanism of an open-pit mine drainage filtration and separation device according to the present invention.

[0028] Figure 10 This is a second three-dimensional structural diagram of an open-pit mine drainage filtration and separation device according to the present invention.

[0029] In the diagram: 1. Mobile base; 2. Pump; 3. First filtration mechanism; 4. Second filtration mechanism; 5. Mixing mechanism; 6. Power recovery unit; 7. Main drain pipe; 8. Distribution pipe; 31. Filter housing; 32. Cyclone filter assembly; 41. Separator housing; 42. Centrifugal separation assembly; 51. Mixing assembly; 52. Mixing housing; 53. Dosing assembly; 54. Transmission assembly; 61. Recovery section; 62. Recovery main shaft; 63. Recovery blades; 311. Inlet; 312. Outlet; 321. Distribution... 322. Slag discharge port; 323. Filter cartridge; 421. Power component; 422. Centrifugal component; 423. Separator; 411. Liquid inlet; 511. Mixing shaft; 512. Mixing tank; 513. Mixer; 531. Dosing hopper; 532. Dosing channel; 533. Dosing piston; 534. Dosing controller; 541. First transmission component; 542. Second transmission component; 5341. Rotary disk; 5342. Guide groove; 5343. Guide component; 5344. Guide rail; 5345. Slider. Detailed Implementation

[0030] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0031] Please see Figure 1-10 The present invention provides an implementation scheme: In the modern open-pit mining process, in order to ensure operational safety and efficiency, it is necessary to discharge the water that settles in the mine pit. At present, the discharge method is mostly pumping. However, during the drainage process of the mine pit, the water carries a large amount of sand and minerals on the mine surface. Although some minerals can be separated by simple filtration, other mineral components are easily soluble in water, so they cannot be directly filtered during separation. This not only causes the loss of minerals on the mine surface, but also easily pollutes the surrounding environment.

[0032] To solve the above problems, please refer to the appendix to the instruction manual. Figure 1-9 It is understood that this application discloses an open-pit mine drainage filtration and separation device, which includes: a movable base 1, a first filtration mechanism 3, a second filtration mechanism 4, a mixing mechanism 5, and a pump 2.

[0033] The first filtration mechanism 3 is located on the movable base 1; the second filtration mechanism 4 is located on the movable base 1 and is connected to the first filtration mechanism 3; the filtration level of the second filtration mechanism 4 is higher than that of the first filtration mechanism 3; the mixing mechanism 5 is connected between the second filtration mechanism 4 and the first filtration mechanism 3, and the mixing mechanism 5 is driven by the water outlet of the first filtration mechanism 3; the pump 2 is connected to the first filtration mechanism 3.

[0034] During implementation, the pump 2, mixing mechanism 5, first filtration mechanism 3, and second filtration mechanism 4 are all integrated on the mobile base 1. The mobile base 1 serves as the support and main moving body for the separation device, facilitating the overall movement of the mobile device and enabling convenient deployment and relocation within open-pit mines. After deployment, the pump 2, acting as the power source for drainage, pumps out the accumulated water from the open-pit mine. Specifically, the pump 2 can be a diaphragm pump. To improve separation efficiency and effectiveness, at least two stages of filtration are implemented using the first filtration mechanism 3 and the second filtration mechanism 4, each performing different levels of filtration. This reduces the pressure of single-stage filtration and allows for better integration of the first and second filtration mechanisms. The filter unit 4 can use different methods for filtration, employing different separation techniques for different components to improve the filtration effect of each stage. A mixing unit 5 is set between the first filter unit 3 and the second filter unit 4. The mixing unit 5 contains the medicine and mixes it with the mixture filtered by the first filter unit 3. The medicine combines with the impurities in the mixture and flocculates, facilitating secondary filtration. The mixing unit 5 can not only use the effluent from the first filter unit 3 as a driving force to ensure thorough mixing of the medicine and the effluent, but also control the addition efficiency of the mixed medicine according to the discharge flow rate of the first filter unit 3, avoiding material waste or incomplete reaction caused by estimated dosing.

[0035] In some embodiments of this application, the first filtration mechanism 3 includes a filter housing 31 and a cyclone filter assembly 32; the filter housing 31 is disposed on the movable base 1, and the cyclone filter assembly 32 is disposed on the filter housing 31.

[0036] During implementation, the filter housing 31 serves as the main body of the first filtration mechanism 3. A cyclone filter assembly 32 is installed on the filter housing 31. The cyclone filter assembly 32 uses the principle of cyclone separation to fully separate the initial drainage pumped in by the pump 2. Specifically, the working principle of cyclone filtration is that water enters the filter housing 31 tangentially under pressure and rotates at high speed along the inner wall, forming a strong vortex. Since the density of solid particles is much greater than that of water (e.g., sand has a density of about 2650 kg / m³, while water has a density of 1000 kg / m³), they are thrown towards the cylinder wall under centrifugal force. Due to the larger particle mass, the particles slide down the cylinder wall to the bottom of the cone and are discharged through the drain outlet. The purified water forms an upward internal vortex in the central area and flows out from the top outlet. This separation method not only eliminates the need for a large-area filter screen but also has high filtration efficiency, effectively reducing the intensity of maintenance work and improving the filtration effect.

[0037] In some embodiments of this application, the second filtration mechanism 4 includes a separator housing 41 and a centrifugal separation component 42. The separator housing 41 is disposed on the movable base 1, and the centrifugal separation component 42 is disposed on the separator housing 41. The separator housing 41 serves as the structural support and mounting body for the second filtration mechanism 4. The second filtration mechanism 4 performs separation and filtration by centrifugal separation. Centrifugal separation generates a strong centrifugal force through a high-speed rotating separation mechanism, causing suspended particles to settle or float. The centrifugal force can be hundreds to tens of thousands of times greater than gravity, significantly accelerating the separation process. It is especially suitable for the separation of newly flocculated suspensions and water containing tiny impurities. Therefore, the filtration level of the second filtration mechanism 4 is higher than that of the first filtration mechanism 3 to share the filtration pressure of the first filtration level.

[0038] According to the instruction manual Figure 2-3 As can be seen, in some embodiments of this application, the cyclone filter assembly 32 includes a separating cyclone channel 321, a slag discharge port 322, and a filter cartridge 323; the separating cyclone channel 321 is installed on the filter housing 31, the filter housing 31 is provided with a liquid inlet 311, the liquid inlet 311 enters along the tangential direction of the filter housing 31, the slag discharge port 322 is provided at the bottom of the filter housing 31, the separating cyclone channel 321 is spirally distributed in the filter housing 31 and extends from the liquid inlet 311 to the slag discharge port 322; the filter cartridge 323 is provided at the top of the filter housing 31, the filter cartridge 323 is connected to a liquid discharge port 312, and the liquid discharge port 312 is connected to the mixing mechanism 5.

[0039] During implementation, the cyclone filter assembly 32 uses the separation cyclone channel 321 as the guiding body for cyclone separation. An inlet 311 is provided on the filter housing 31. The suspension drawn by the pump 2 is introduced into the filter housing 31 through the inlet 311. The separation cyclone channel 321 inside the filter housing 31 is connected to the inlet 311. The separation cyclone channel 321 is spirally attached to the inner wall of the filter housing 31, causing the liquid to descend in a spiral after entering, forming a high-speed cyclone. Under the action of centrifugal force, large solid impurities, due to their high density, are separated. The water will settle to the outside, while the lighter water will rise through the filter cartridge 323. The filter cartridge 323 further filters out large particles of impurities. The drain port 312 on the filter cartridge 323 further introduces the separated suspension into the mixing mechanism 5. The cyclone separation is used to separate relatively large impurities that are not easily soluble in water, which effectively reduces the subsequent separation pressure. Moreover, the cyclone separation does not require the use of multiple layers of filter screens, so it does not require frequent maintenance. It only needs to discharge the slag from the slag discharge port 322 periodically. The cyclone separation also does not require the cooperation of moving parts, which effectively reduces the energy demand.

[0040] According to the instruction manual Figure 4-5 As can be seen, in some embodiments of this application, the centrifugal separation assembly 42 includes a power component 421, a centrifugal component 422, and a separation component 423; the centrifugal component 422 is rotatably mounted on the separator housing 41, the separation component 423 is rotatably mounted inside the centrifugal component 422, the power component 421 is located on one side of the separator housing 41 and is connected to the centrifugal component 422, the power component 421 drives the centrifugal component 422 to rotate, and cooperates with the separation component 423 to perform centrifugal separation; the separator housing 41 is provided with a liquid inlet 411, which is connected to the mixing mechanism 5, and the separator housing 41 is also provided with a liquid outlet for discharging clear liquid.

[0041] During implementation, the inlet 411 is connected to the mixing mechanism 5. The mixing mechanism 5 mixes the liquid separated by the first filtration mechanism 3 with the medicine. The resulting suspension is introduced into the separator 423 through the inlet 411. The centrifugal separation component 42 is powered by the power component 421. The output of the power component 421 drives the centrifugal component 422 to rotate at high speed. The rotation of the centrifugal component 422 drives the suspension inside to rotate. Due to the centrifugal force, the denser solid phase settles on the inner wall of the centrifugal component 422, and the less dense liquid phase forms an inner liquid ring. There is a relative speed difference between the separator 423 and the centrifugal component 422. The solid material is discharged through the differential speed movement of the separator 423. The inner liquid ring is discharged through the outlet on the centrifugal component 422 and then drained through the liquid outlet, achieving complete separation and discharge.

[0042] Specifically, in the centrifugal separation assembly 42, the power component 421 is a direct-drive or geared motor, while the centrifugal component 422 is connected to the power component 421. The separator 423 is fitted with the inner cavity of the centrifugal component 422, and the liquid inlet 411 is inserted into the separator 423. The separator 423 is a spiral propeller that throws the incoming suspension out of the outlet. The centrifugal component 422 and the separator 423 form a spiral differential speed fit. The centrifugal component 422 rotates at high speed to make the solid phase material adhere to the inner wall of the centrifugal component 422, i.e., the drum, and deposit it. The centrifugal separation assembly 42 also includes a discharge port, which is located in the separator housing 41 and is fitted with the centrifugal separation assembly to discharge the centrifugally separated solid phase material. The separator 423 uses differential speed rotation to continuously push the deposited solid phase to the discharge port for discharge, while the water moves to the other end of the drum under the pushing action and is discharged from the liquid outlet side, realizing the separation of solid impurities and liquid.

[0043] In some embodiments of this application, a power recovery component 6 is provided on the top of the filter housing 31, and the drain port 312 passes through the power recovery component 6 to recover the kinetic energy of the liquid discharged from the drain port 312.

[0044] During implementation, the power recovery component 6 is used to recover the kinetic energy of the liquid discharged from the drain port 312. On the one hand, the power recovery component 6 can recover power, making it more energy-efficient. On the other hand, the power recovery component 6 is connected to the mixing mechanism 5, and the efficiency of the power recovery component 6 can be used to directly adjust the mixing mechanism 5, so as to dynamically and flexibly adjust the working efficiency and dosage of the mixing mechanism 5 according to the discharge volume.

[0045] In some embodiments of this application, the mixing mechanism 5 includes a dosing component 53 and a mixing component 51; the mixing component 51 has an inlet and an outlet, the inlet is connected to the drain port 312, the outlet is connected to the inlet port 411, and the dosing component 53 is disposed on the mixing component 51.

[0046] During implementation, the mixing component 51 is the main structure of the mixing mechanism 5. The inlet of the mixing component 51 is connected to the drain port 312, and the outlet is connected to the inlet port 411. That is, the inlet of the mixing component 51 is connected to the outlet of the first filtration mechanism 3, and the outlet of the mixing component 51 is connected to the inlet of the second filtration mechanism 4. Before the suspension undergoes secondary filtration, the medicine is added to the mixing component 51 through the dosing component 53 so that the suspension and the medicine are fully mixed so that the water-soluble mineral components in the suspension can be separated.

[0047] In some embodiments of this application, the mixing mechanism 5 further includes a transmission assembly 54; the mixing assembly 51 has a mixer 513, and the transmission assembly 54 connects the mixer 513 and the power recovery component 6. The transmission assembly 54 drives the mixer 513 to move by means of the power recovery component 6 through transmission, thereby making the mixer 513 work and using the impact force of the water flow to save energy. Specifically, due to different flow rates, the power generated by the power recovery component 6 is different, so that the power output by the power recovery component 6 to the dosing assembly 53 through the transmission assembly 54 is different, thereby changing the output efficiency of the dosing assembly 53 to dosing according to the liquid output of the drain port 312.

[0048] Specifically, refer to the instruction manual. Figure 6-9 It can be known that: The mixing assembly 51 includes a mixing housing 52, a mixing shaft 511, and a mixing tank 512. The mixing housing 52 is connected to a drain port 312 and a liquid inlet 411, allowing the suspension filtered by the first filtration mechanism 3 to pass through. The mixing housing 52 is provided with a mixing tank 512, which is a space for mixing the suspension and the medicine. The mixing shaft 511 is rotatably mounted on the mixing housing 52. The mixing shaft 511 is connected to the mixer 513 and the transmission assembly 54. The transmission assembly 54 drives the mixing shaft 511 to rotate, thereby driving the mixer 513 to rotate, so as to fully mix the medicine and the suspension entering the mixing tank 512.

[0049] The dosing assembly 53 includes: a dosing hopper 531, a dosing channel 532, a dosing piston 533, and a dosing controller 534. A feed inlet is provided at the upper part of the mixing tank 512. The dosing channel 532 is detachably connected to the feed inlet. The dosing hopper 531 is installed on the dosing channel 532, and feed is placed inside the dosing hopper 531. The dosing hopper 531 communicates with the dosing channel 532. The dosing piston 533 is slidably installed inside the dosing channel 532 and is connected to the dosing controller 534. The dosing controller 534 can move intermittently. The medicine falls into the dosing channel 532. The dosing controller 534 is driven by the transmission component 54 to move intermittently. According to the power recovered by the power recovery component 6 transmitted by the transmission component 54, the dosing piston 533 is driven to move at different frequencies, so that the rate at which the medicine is pushed into the medicine inlet by the dosing channel 532 changes according to the flow rate to adapt to the mixing reaction of different amounts of suspension. In order to make the medicine more fully delivered, a Venturi structure can be set between the dosing channel 532 and the inlet of the mixer housing 52, so that the medicine inlet is located in the low-pressure zone of the Venturi, making the dosing smoother.

[0050] According to the instruction manual Figure 8-9It can be seen that the dosing controller 534 can be a rotary disk 5341, on which a guide groove 5342 is provided, and a guide member 5343 is provided on the dosing piston 533. A guide rail 5344 and a slider 5345 are provided between the guide member 5343 and the guide groove 5342. The slider 5345 is detachably connected to the guide member 5343. The guide rail 5344 restricts the sliding direction of the slider 5345. The rotary disk 5341 rotates under the drive of the transmission assembly 54, causing it to... The guide groove 5342 on the upper part also rotates accordingly, and then the guide groove 5342 also slides with the slider 5345 so that the slider 5345 slides on the guide rail 5344, thereby driving the slider and the dosing piston 533 to move. Due to the rotation of the guide groove 5342, the slider 5345 reciprocates on the slide rail, thereby driving the dosing piston 533 to reciprocate. The reciprocating frequency of the dosing piston 533 is controlled according to the transmission efficiency of the transmission component 54 so as to realize the quantitative addition of the medicine.

[0051] The power recovery component 6 includes a recovery section 61, a recovery main shaft 62, and a recovery blade 63. The recovery section 61 is located at the tail end of the drain port 312 and is set at an angle to the drain port 312. The recovery main shaft 62 is rotatably mounted on the recovery section 61, and the recovery blade 63 is mounted on the recovery main shaft 62. The suspension that enters the recovery section 61 through the drain port passes through the recovery blade 63 and moves downward. Under the action of potential energy and kinetic energy, the water flow impacts the recovery blade 63, driving the recovery main shaft 62 to rotate. The rotational power is then output to the mixing mechanism 5 through the recovery main shaft 62.

[0052] The transmission assembly 54 includes a first transmission component 541 and a second transmission component 542. The first transmission component 541 is connected to the recovery main shaft 62 and the mixing shaft 511. The second transmission component 542 is connected to the mixing shaft 511 and the dosing controller 534. Specifically, both the first transmission component 541 and the second transmission component 542 can be driven by gears. At the same time, the first transmission component 541 and the second transmission component 542 can be arranged on both sides of the mixing shaft 511. This allows power to be transmitted to the mixing shaft 511 and facilitates the staggered arrangement of the mixing assembly 51 and the dosing assembly 53, making more rational use of space.

[0053] According to the instruction manual Figure 1-10It is understood that in other embodiments of this application, this application also discloses an open-pit mine drainage device. Since the drainage application of the above-mentioned filtration and separation system can separate impurities of different compositions in two stages, it not only relieves the pressure of single-stage filtration, but also effectively improves the separation efficiency by separating different components through different separation methods. Therefore, it is more suitable for open-pit mines with more impurities. It includes an open-pit mine drainage filtration and separation device and a drainage main pipe 7. The drainage main pipe 7 is set in close to the open-pit mine, which is convenient to set according to the terrain. The drainage main pipe 7 is connected to the liquid inlet 311. The drainage main pipe 7 is provided with several water distribution pipes 8. The drainage ditches between different levels of the mine are connected by several water distribution pipes 8, and the extraction range of the drainage main pipe 7 is expanded by several water distribution pipes 8.

[0054] An open-pit mine drainage filtration and separation device applying the above technical solution has the following beneficial effects: First, the device employs a two-stage filtration architecture, achieving solid-liquid separation through the synergistic effect of cyclone separation and centrifugal separation. The first stage utilizes cyclone separation technology, using the centrifugal force generated by the high-speed cyclone field to separate large particulate impurities, reducing the clogging problems of traditional filter screens and improving treatment efficiency. The second stage uses centrifugal separation technology, further separating fine particles through the powerful centrifugal force generated by high-speed rotation, ensuring water purification. The two-stage filtration employs differentiated treatment for impurities with different characteristics, reducing the pressure on single-stage filtration while improving overall separation efficiency, effectively reducing the loss of mineral materials from the mineral surface and environmental pollution, forming a gradient separation network.

[0055] Secondly, the device integrates a kinetic energy recovery mechanism and an intelligent dosing system, forming a closed-loop energy management system. The kinetic energy recovery mechanism utilizes the kinetic energy from the discharge to drive the mixer, ensuring thorough mixing of the chemicals and suspension and reducing system energy consumption. The intelligent dosing system, through a transmission component linked to the dosing controller, dynamically adjusts the dosing rate based on the discharge flow rate, ensuring precise matching between the amount of chemicals added and the treatment capacity, avoiding waste or incomplete reaction. This system achieves energy saving and precise control through triple linkage control of flow rate, power, and dosing amount, improving treatment efficiency, reducing operating costs, and demonstrating significant technical advantages for treating high-concentration mine wastewater.

[0056] In summary, the application method of the open-pit mine drainage filtration and separation device of this application is as follows:

[0057] Step S100: Equipment Deployment and System Preparation

[0058] Step S110: Positioning the mobile base. Move the device integrating the mobile base, the first filter mechanism, the second filter mechanism, the mixing mechanism, and the pump to the designated drainage area of ​​the open-pit mine, ensuring that the base is stably supported and that each mechanism is vertically aligned.

[0059] Step S120: Drainage main pipe connection. According to the mine pit topography, the drainage main pipe is laid close to the edge of the mine pit and connected to the drainage ditches of different levels in the mine pit through the water distribution pipe to ensure that the liquid inlet is sealed and connected to the end of the drainage main pipe.

[0060] Step S130: System check. Check the pumps such as the diaphragm pump for sealing, the cyclone filter assembly for the integrity of the separation channel, the centrifugal separation assembly for the operating status of the power components, the dosing assembly for the chemical reserves, and the transmission assembly for engagement, to confirm that there are no leaks or mechanical failures.

[0061] Step S200: Initial drainage and first-stage cyclone filtration

[0062] Step S210: Start the pump to pump water. The pump is turned on and the water in the mine pit is injected tangentially into the vortex filter assembly through the inlet, forming a spiral downward vortex.

[0063] Step S220: Large particles of sand and gravel with a density >2650 kg / m³ are separated by solid-liquid cyclone separation. Under the action of centrifugal force, they are thrown towards the cylinder wall and slide down along the separation cyclone to the bottom of the cone for discharge. Light water rises to the filter cylinder and enters the power recovery unit through the liquid discharge port.

[0064] Step S230: Power recovery and flow regulation: The water flow from the drain outlet impacts the recovery blades of the power recovery unit, driving the recovery main shaft to rotate. The power is transmitted to the mixing shaft of the mixing mechanism through the first transmission component, and the working frequency of the mixing mechanism is adjusted according to the drain flow rate.

[0065] Step S300: Adding chemicals and mixing reaction in the mixing mechanism

[0066] Step S310: The drug quantitative addition controller rotates under the drive of the second transmission component. The guide groove drives the drug addition piston to reciprocate. Through the Venturi structure, the drug is pushed from the dosing hopper through the dosing channel into the mixing tank. The drug addition rate is dynamically matched with the drainage flow rate.

[0067] Step S320: Suspension-Drug Mixing The mixing shaft drives the mixer to rotate in the mixing tank, so that the suspension after the first stage filtration is fully mixed with the drug, promoting the combination of easily soluble minerals, such as calcium and magnesium ions, with the flocculant to form large flocs.

[0068] Step S330: The mixed suspension is delivered through the mixer housing outlet and injected into the centrifugal separation component of the second filtration mechanism through the liquid inlet.

[0069] Step S400: Second-stage centrifugal separation and supernatant discharge

[0070] Step S410: Start the centrifugal separation component power unit to drive the centrifugal component to rotate at high speed. The separation component and the centrifugal component form a differential motion. After the mixed liquid enters the separation component, the solid flocs are deposited on the inner wall of the centrifugal component under the action of centrifugal force.

[0071] Step S420: The solid-liquid secondary separation unit continuously pushes the solid flocs to the discharge port through differential rotation; the liquid phase forms an inner liquid ring, flows through the centrifuge outlet to the liquid outlet, and is finally discharged or reused as clear liquid.

[0072] Step S430: Clarified liquid quality testing. Collect a clear liquid sample at the outlet and test indicators such as suspended solids content and mineral ion concentration to ensure compliance with environmental emission standards or process water requirements.

[0073] Step S500: System Maintenance and Dynamic Optimization

[0074] Step S510: Slag Removal and Cleaning Regularly clean the sand accumulation at the slag discharge port of the first filter mechanism and the solid flocs at the feed port of the second filter mechanism, and rinse the filter cartridge and separation vortex to prevent blockage.

[0075] Step S520: Power system calibration. Check the wear of the propeller blades of the power recovery unit, adjust the gear clearance of the transmission components to ensure power transmission efficiency; calibrate the depth of the guide groove of the rotary disk of the dosing controller to optimize the accuracy of drug addition.

[0076] Step S530: Dynamic matching of flow rate and dosage. Based on the real-time changes in mine water turbidity and flow rate, the frequency of the dosing piston movement is adjusted through the feedback signal of the power recovery component to achieve intelligent control of "more dosing when the flow rate is high and less dosing when the flow rate is low", avoiding waste of materials or incomplete reaction.

[0077] Although embodiments of the invention have been shown and described, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, the scope of which is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. An open-pit mine drainage filtration and separation device, characterized in that, The drainage filtration and separation device includes: Mobile base (1); The first filter mechanism (3) is located on the movable base (1); The second filter mechanism (4) is disposed on the movable base (1), and the second filter mechanism (4) is connected to the first filter mechanism (3). The filtration level of the second filtration mechanism (4) is higher than that of the first filtration mechanism (3); A mixing mechanism (5) is connected between the second filtration mechanism (4) and the first filtration mechanism (3), and the mixing mechanism (5) is driven by the water outlet of the first filtration mechanism (3). The pump (2) is connected to the first filter mechanism (3).

2. The open-pit mine drainage filtration and separation device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The first filtration mechanism (3) includes a filter housing (31) and a cyclone filter assembly (32); The filter housing (31) is disposed on the movable base (1), and the cyclone filter assembly (32) is disposed on the filter housing (31). The second filtration mechanism (4) includes a separator housing (41) and a centrifugal separation assembly (42); The separator housing (41) is located on the movable base (1), and the centrifugal separation assembly (42) is located on the separator housing (41).

3. The open-pit mine drainage filtration and separation device according to claim 2, characterized in that, The centrifugal separation assembly (42) includes a power component (421), a centrifugal component (422), and a separation component (423); The centrifugal component (422) is rotatably mounted on the separator housing (41), and the separator (423) is rotatably mounted inside the centrifugal component (422). The power component (421) is located on one side of the separator housing (41) and is connected to the centrifugal component (422). The power component (421) drives the centrifugal component (422) to rotate, and cooperates with the separator (423) to perform centrifugal separation. The separator housing (41) is provided with a liquid inlet (411), which is connected to the mixing mechanism (5). The separator housing (41) is also provided with a liquid outlet, which is used to discharge clear liquid.

4. The open-pit mine drainage filtration and separation device according to claim 3, characterized in that, The centrifugal separation component (42) also includes a discharge port, which is located in the separator housing (41). The discharge port cooperates with the centrifugal separation component (42) to discharge the centrifugally separated solid material.

5. The open-pit mine drainage filtration and separation device according to claim 4, characterized in that, The cyclone filter assembly (32) includes a separation cyclone channel (321), a slag discharge port (322), and a filter cartridge (323). The separation vortex (321) is installed on the filter housing (31). The filter housing (31) is provided with a liquid inlet (311). The liquid inlet (311) enters along the tangential direction of the filter housing (31). The slag discharge port (322) is located at the bottom of the filter housing (31). The separation vortex (321) is spirally distributed inside the filter housing (31) and extends from the liquid inlet (311) to the slag discharge port (322). The filter cartridge (323) is located on the top of the filter housing (31), and the filter cartridge (323) is connected to a drain port (312), which is connected to the mixing mechanism (5).

6. The open-pit mine drainage filtration and separation device according to claim 5, characterized in that, The top of the filter housing (31) is provided with a power recovery component (6), and the drain port (312) passes through the power recovery component (6) to recover the kinetic energy of the liquid discharged from the drain port (312).

7. The open-pit mine drainage filtration and separation device according to claim 6, characterized in that, The mixing mechanism (5) includes a dosing component (53) and a mixing component (51); The mixing component (51) has an inlet and an outlet, the inlet being connected to the drain port (312) and the outlet being connected to the inlet port (411), and the dosing component (53) is disposed on the mixing component (51).

8. The open-pit mine drainage filtration and separation device according to claim 7, characterized in that, The mixing mechanism (5) also includes a transmission assembly (54); The mixing assembly (51) has a mixer (513), and the transmission assembly (54) connects the mixer (513) and the power recovery unit (6) to drive the mixer (513) via the power recovery unit (6). The transmission component (54) is also connected to the dosing component (53) to add medicine according to the liquid output of the drain port (312).

9. An open-pit mine drainage device, applied to an open-pit mine, characterized in that, The open-pit mine drainage device includes an open-pit mine drainage filtration and separation device as described in any one of claims 1-8; The open-pit mine drainage device also includes a drainage main pipe (7), which is fitted into the open-pit mine pit and is connected to the pump (2).

10. An open-pit mine drainage device according to claim 9, characterized in that, The main drainage pipe (7) is equipped with several branch pipes (8).

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