Blast furnace shaft cooling structure and construction method thereof

Abstract

The present application relates to a kind of blast furnace shaft cooling structure and its construction method, the cooling structure includes furnace shell, cooling wall, inner lining and multiple cooling plate, cooling plate sequentially passes first through the hole on furnace shell and second through the hole on cooling wall and is inserted into inner lining, each first through the hole and each second through the hole are blocked by sealing material respectively, the gap area between furnace shell and cooling wall is formed gap filling layer by pouring first castable, and inner lining is formed by pouring second castable on the hot face side of cooling wall.The present application can significantly reduce interface thermal resistance by the way of pouring castable whole pouring, forms efficient heat transfer path to make the working temperature of inner lining material greatly reduce;Pouring forming inner lining has excellent overall structural strength, interface bonding force is strong, and is not easy to fall off, to effectively protect cooling equipment continuously.The present application realizes the partition whole pouring of gap filling layer and inner lining, improves the integrity and structural strength of refractory, reduces construction difficulty, can significantly improve construction speed, save construction cost.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of blast furnace technology, specifically relating to a blast furnace body cooling structure and its construction method. Background Technology

[0002] Blast furnace cooling equipment removes heat from the blast furnace through cooling water, lowering the temperature of the refractory material in contact with the furnace charge outside the cooling equipment. This results in a slag protective layer forming at the contact surface between the refractory material and the furnace charge in the softening and dripping zones. This slag protective layer effectively protects the refractory material from erosion, thus protecting the cooling equipment. However, with the gradual increase in blast furnace production intensity and the deterioration of raw material conditions, the heat load on the blast furnace body increases, and the stability of the airflow inside the furnace deteriorates, making it difficult for the slag protective layer to remain effective for a long period. Consequently, the lifespan of the blast furnace cooling equipment is correspondingly affected, and some blast furnace cooling systems have not yet reached their designed lifespan.

[0003] The blast furnace lining protects the cooling equipment; the presence of refractory material ensures the normal operation of the cooling system during production. Previously, refractory bricks were used to bond the blast furnace walls and cooling plates. However, this method resulted in insufficient adhesion between the refractory bricks and the cooling walls and plates, limiting heat transfer. Due to dimensional tolerances in both the cooling equipment installation and the refractory bricks, and the small size of the bricks requiring numerous small pieces to be assembled, the external forces generated during production made it difficult to maintain a complete structure, leading to gradual detachment. This detachment was even more pronounced when the furnace's heat load increased and the airflow stability deteriorated. Therefore, the refractory material in this area needs to possess higher thermal conductivity and overall strength to form a stable slag protective layer. Summary of the Invention

[0004] This invention relates to a blast furnace cooling structure and its construction method, which can at least solve some of the defects of the prior art.

[0005] This invention relates to a blast furnace cooling structure, comprising a furnace shell, a cooling wall, an inner lining, and multiple cooling plates. The cooling plates pass sequentially through a first through hole on the furnace shell and a second through hole on the cooling wall and are inserted into the inner lining. Each of the first through holes and each of the second through holes is sealed with a sealing material. The gap between the furnace shell and the cooling wall is filled by casting a first castable to form a gap filling layer. The inner lining is formed by casting a second castable on the hot side of the cooling wall.

[0006] As one embodiment, the sealing material in the second through hole is an elastic sealing material.

[0007] As one embodiment, the elastic sealing material is at least one of rubber, ceramic refractory fiber, flexible graphite and polyester foam.

[0008] As one embodiment, the first castable is a high-alumina castable.

[0009] As one embodiment, the second castable is a high thermal conductivity castable with a thermal conductivity greater than 10 W / (m·K).

[0010] As one embodiment, the gap filling layer includes a plurality of gap filling sub-layers, which are sequentially cast in the height direction;

[0011] And / or, the inner lining layer includes a plurality of inner lining sub-layers, which are sequentially cast in the height direction.

[0012] As one implementation method, when the gap filling layer includes multiple gap filling sub-layers, each gap filling sub-layer is sequentially cast in segments or integrally cast in the circumferential direction of the blast furnace.

[0013] When the inner lining layer includes multiple inner lining sub-layers, each inner lining sub-layer is cast in sections sequentially or integrally in the circumferential direction of the blast furnace.

[0014] The present invention also relates to a construction method for the above-mentioned blast furnace body cooling structure, comprising:

[0015] The cooling wall and cooling plate are installed based on the furnace shell. Each first through hole on the furnace shell and each second through hole on the cooling wall are sealed with sealing material, and an inner template is installed on the hot side of the cooling wall.

[0016] A first castable is poured into the gap region between the furnace shell and the cooling wall to form the gap filling layer; a second castable is poured into the region between the cooling wall and the inner template to form the inner lining layer.

[0017] As one implementation method, during the installation of the cooling plate, the size of the sealing material in the corresponding first through hole and / or the size of the sealing material in the corresponding second through hole is adjusted so that the cooling plate is installed in the designed position. The size of the sealing material includes the thickness and / or the filling height below the cooling plate.

[0018] As one embodiment, the gap filling layer is poured in multiple layers in the height direction, with the next layer poured after the previous layer of castable material has reached initial setting; and / or, the inner lining layer is poured in multiple layers in the height direction, with the next layer poured after the previous layer of castable material has reached initial setting.

[0019] The present invention has at least the following beneficial effects:

[0020] This invention utilizes a monolithic casting method to create a tight contact between the refractory material and the cooling walls and plates, eliminating the brick joints and installation gaps present in traditional bricklaying methods. The castable material can fully fill the unevenness of the cooling equipment surface and the gaps caused by installation tolerances, significantly reducing interfacial thermal resistance. This efficient heat transfer path greatly reduces the operating temperature of the lining material, thereby mitigating the damage to the refractory material caused by thermal stress and chemical erosion, extending the lining's lifespan, and ultimately protecting the cooling equipment.

[0021] Moreover, the lining layer formed by casting has no brick joints and has excellent overall structural strength. At the same time, the casting material forms a mechanical interlock with the cooling wall and cooling plate through close contact, which enhances the interfacial bonding force. Even under the condition of drastic fluctuations in the furnace, the integrally cast lining can maintain good structural integrity and is not easy to fall off, thus continuously and effectively protecting the cooling equipment.

[0022] In this invention, by sealing the first and second through holes with a sealing material, the gap filling layer and the inner lining layer can be integrally cast in sections. This improves the integrity and structural strength of the refractory material, reduces construction difficulty, and significantly increases construction speed and saves construction costs. Furthermore, the section casting design allows for the use of different castable materials for the gap filling layer and the inner lining layer, achieving optimized material performance and ensuring the operational reliability and safety of the blast furnace cooling structure.

[0023] This invention effectively extends the service life of the blast furnace cooling equipment and lining, thus reducing the number of unplanned shutdowns for maintenance and lowering the overall maintenance costs of the blast furnace throughout its lifecycle. Simultaneously, the stable furnace cooling structure facilitates the optimization of blast furnace production indicators, improves production efficiency, and yields significant economic benefits. Attached Figure Description

[0024] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0025] Figure 1 This is a vertical sectional view of the blast furnace cooling structure provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0026] Figure 2 This is a cross-sectional view of the blast furnace cooling structure provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0027] Figure 3 This is a partial structural diagram of the blast furnace cooling structure provided in an embodiment of the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0028] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0029] like Figures 1-3 This invention provides a blast furnace cooling structure, including a furnace shell 1, a cooling wall 2, an inner lining 6, and multiple cooling plates 3. The cooling plates 3 pass through a first through hole on the furnace shell 1 and a second through hole on the cooling wall 2 in sequence and are inserted into the inner lining 6. Each of the first through holes and each of the second through holes is sealed with a sealing material 4. The gap area between the furnace shell 1 and the cooling wall 2 is filled with a first castable to form a gap filling layer 5. The inner lining 6 is formed by pouring a second castable on the hot side of the cooling wall 2.

[0030] The aforementioned cooling wall 2 includes, but is not limited to, cast iron cooling wall, cast steel cooling wall or copper cooling wall; the aforementioned cooling plate 3 includes, but is not limited to, copper cooling plate.

[0031] In one embodiment, each cooling plate 3 is distributed in the height direction to form multiple cooling plate layers, and each cooling plate layer includes multiple cooling plates 3 distributed sequentially at intervals along the circumference of the blast furnace; furthermore, each cooling plate 3 in each cooling plate layer is staggered with each cooling plate 3 in another adjacent cooling plate layer in the circumference of the blast furnace, which can achieve the effect of ensuring the expected cooling effect and reducing the amount of cooling plates 3 used.

[0032] In the technical solution provided in this embodiment, the refractory material is brought into close contact with the cooling wall 2 and cooling plate 3 through integral casting of the castable refractory. This eliminates the brick joints and installation gaps present in traditional bricklaying methods. The castable refractory can fully fill the unevenness of the cooling equipment surface and the gaps caused by installation tolerances, significantly reducing the interfacial thermal resistance. This efficient heat transfer path greatly reduces the operating temperature of the lining material, thereby mitigating the damage to the refractory material caused by thermal stress and chemical erosion, extending the lining life, and thus protecting the cooling equipment.

[0033] Moreover, the inner lining 6, which is cast using castable refractory, has no brick joints and has excellent overall structural strength. At the same time, the castable refractory forms a mechanical interlock with the cooling wall 2 and cooling plate 3 through close contact, which enhances the interfacial bonding force. Even under drastic fluctuations in the furnace operating conditions, the integrally cast lining can maintain good structural integrity and is not easy to fall off, thus continuously and effectively protecting the cooling equipment.

[0034] In this embodiment, by sealing the first and second through holes with sealing material 4, the gap filling layer 5 and the inner lining layer 6 can be integrally cast in sections. This improves the integrity and structural strength of the refractory material, reduces construction difficulty, and significantly increases construction speed and saves construction costs. Furthermore, the section casting design allows the gap filling layer 5 and the inner lining layer 6 to use castables with different properties, achieving optimized material performance and ensuring the operational reliability and safety of the blast furnace cooling structure.

[0035] This embodiment effectively extends the service life of the blast furnace cooling equipment and lining, thus reducing the number of unplanned shutdowns for maintenance and lowering the overall maintenance costs of the blast furnace throughout its lifecycle. Simultaneously, a stable furnace cooling structure facilitates the optimization of blast furnace production indicators, improves production efficiency, and yields significant economic benefits.

[0036] In one embodiment, the second castable is a high thermal conductivity castable with a thermal conductivity greater than 10 W / (m·K). For the inner lining layer 6 on the hot side of the cooling wall 2, the use of a high thermal conductivity castable can quickly transfer heat from the furnace to the cooling wall 2 and the cooling plate 3, keeping the inner lining surface at a lower temperature, which is conducive to the rapid formation and stable adhesion of the slag skin. At the same time, the overall cast inner lining surface is smooth and flat, reducing the scouring and damage to the slag skin by airflow and materials. The stable slag skin protective layer can effectively resist the high temperature and chemical erosion in the furnace, forming a lining-slag skin composite protective structure, achieving a self-protection effect, and significantly extending the service life of the blast furnace. The aforementioned high thermal conductivity castable can be a carbonaceous or silicon carbide castable.

[0037] The gap-filling layer 5 and the inner lining layer 6 can be made of the same castable or different castables. As mentioned above, in this embodiment, the gap-filling layer 5 and the inner lining layer 6 are made of castables with different properties, and different material properties can be configured according to the regions they belong to, further optimizing the performance of the blast furnace cooling structure. Optionally, the first castable is a high-alumina castable. High-alumina castables have good mechanical properties and heat transfer properties, and are relatively low in cost, and can better serve the functions of filling gaps, transferring heat, and supporting the cooling wall 2. In addition, thermally conductive castables are also suitable as the first castable.

[0038] In one embodiment, the sealing material 4 in the second through hole is an elastic sealing material. On the one hand, it reliably seals the second through hole, preventing leakage of the castable refractory from the through hole during construction. On the other hand, its elastic characteristics improve the tightness of its engagement with the castable refractory on both sides, and also play a role in compacting the castable refractory to a certain extent. Furthermore, the elastic characteristics of the elastic sealing material facilitate fine-tuning of the position of the cooling plate 3 during installation, ensuring the installation accuracy of the cooling plate 3. Optionally, the above-mentioned elastic sealing material is one or a combination of rubber, ceramic refractory fiber, flexible graphite, and polyester foam. In addition to having good elastic deformation capacity, these materials also have good high-temperature resistance and can adapt to the high-temperature working environment of the blast furnace body.

[0039] The sealing material 4 in the first through hole can be an elastic sealing material or a non-elastic sealing material. In this embodiment, the sealing material 4 in the first through hole is also an elastic sealing material, which can reliably seal the first through hole, improve the interlocking effect with the first casting material, and finely adjust the position of the cooling plate 3.

[0040] Preferably, the gap filling layer 5 is poured in segments along the height direction. Accordingly, the gap filling layer 5 includes multiple gap filling sub-layers, which are poured sequentially along the height direction. By pouring in layers, the pouring height of each layer is controlled within a reasonable range (e.g., 1 meter to 5 meters), which facilitates construction operations and quality control. Each layer of refractory material is poured after it has reached initial setting, ensuring good bonding between layers.

[0041] Preferably, the inner lining layer 6 is poured in segments along the height direction. Accordingly, the inner lining layer 6 includes multiple inner lining sub-layers, which are poured sequentially along the height direction. By pouring in layers, the pouring height of each layer is controlled within a reasonable range (e.g., 1 meter to 5 meters), which facilitates construction operations and quality control. Each layer of refractory material is poured only after it has reached initial setting, ensuring good bonding between layers.

[0042] Furthermore, when the gap filling layer 5 comprises multiple gap filling sub-layers, each gap filling sub-layer is cast in sections sequentially or integrally in the circumferential direction of the blast furnace; when the inner lining layer 6 comprises multiple inner lining sub-layers, each inner lining sub-layer is cast in sections sequentially or integrally in the circumferential direction of the blast furnace. Depending on the blast furnace diameter and construction conditions, segmented casting or integral casting can be selected. Segmented casting can further reduce construction difficulty and decrease the volume of a single casting, which is beneficial for ensuring casting quality; integral casting provides better integrity.

[0043] This invention also provides a construction method for the above-mentioned blast furnace body cooling structure, including:

[0044] The cooling wall 2 and cooling plate 3 are installed based on the furnace shell 1. The first through holes on the furnace shell 1 and the second through holes on the cooling wall 2 are sealed with sealing material 4. The inner template 7 is installed on the hot side of the cooling wall 2.

[0045] A first castable is poured into the gap area between the furnace shell 1 and the cooling wall 2 to form the gap filling layer 5; a second castable is poured into the area between the cooling wall 2 and the inner template 7 to form the inner lining layer 6.

[0046] This construction method achieves the technical objective of zoned pouring and performance optimization by first installing cooling equipment, sealing the penetration holes, and installing inner formwork 7 to form two independent pouring spaces.

[0047] Furthermore, during the installation of the cooling plate 3, the dimensions of the sealing material in the corresponding first through hole and / or the corresponding second through hole are adjusted to ensure that the cooling plate 3 is installed in the designed position. The dimensions of the sealing material include the thickness (i.e., the radial dimension of the furnace body) and / or the filling height below the cooling plate 3. After the installation position of the cooling plate 3 is determined, it is generally welded and fixed to the furnace shell 1.

[0048] The installation of both cooling wall 2 and cooling plate 3 may have certain dimensional tolerances, which are difficult to compensate for using traditional bricklaying methods. In this embodiment, elastic sealing material is used to seal the through holes. This material has good compressibility and resilience. During the installation of cooling plate 3, the position of cooling plate 3 can be easily fine-tuned by adjusting the thickness of the sealing material 4 or the filling height below cooling plate 3, so that cooling plate 3 is accurately installed in the designed position. This flexible adjustment method improves the adaptability of the cooling structure to installation tolerances, ensures the installation quality of the blast furnace body cooling equipment, and improves the accurate formation of the casting space and the casting quality.

[0049] Further optionally, as described above, the gap filling layer 5 is poured in multiple layers along the height direction, with the next layer poured only after the previous layer has reached initial setting; and / or, the inner lining layer 6 is poured in multiple layers along the height direction, with the next layer poured only after the previous layer has reached initial setting. Layered pouring facilitates construction operations and quality control; the preferred pouring height for each layer is 1 to 5 meters, which can be determined based on factors such as the blast furnace diameter, the properties of the castable, and construction conditions.

[0050] In addition, preferably, after the cooling wall 2 is installed, iron filings are used to fill the gaps between adjacent cooling walls 2, which can better ensure the airtightness of the gap area between the furnace shell 1 and the cooling wall 2 and the area between the cooling wall 2 and the inner template 7, thereby improving the casting quality of the gap filling layer 5 and the inner lining layer 6.

[0051] Generally, after the inner lining layer 6 is formed, the inner template 7 is removed.

[0052] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A blast furnace cooling structure, comprising a furnace shell, a cooling wall, an inner lining, and multiple cooling plates, wherein the cooling plates sequentially pass through a first through hole on the furnace shell and a second through hole on the cooling wall and are inserted into the inner lining, characterized in that: Each of the first through holes and each of the second through holes is sealed with a sealing material. The gap area between the furnace shell and the cooling wall is filled by pouring a first castable to form a gap filling layer. The inner lining layer is formed by pouring a second castable on the hot side of the cooling wall.

2. The blast furnace body cooling structure as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The sealing material in the second through hole is an elastic sealing material.

3. The blast furnace body cooling structure as described in claim 2, characterized in that: The elastic sealing material is at least one of rubber, ceramic refractory fiber, flexible graphite and polyester foam.

4. The blast furnace body cooling structure as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The first castable is a high-alumina castable.

5. The blast furnace body cooling structure as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The second castable is a high thermal conductivity castable with a thermal conductivity greater than 10 W / (m·K).

6. The blast furnace body cooling structure as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The gap filling layer includes multiple gap filling sub-layers, which are sequentially cast in the height direction; And / or, the inner lining layer includes a plurality of inner lining sub-layers, which are sequentially cast in the height direction.

7. The blast furnace body cooling structure as described in claim 6, characterized in that: When the gap filling layer includes multiple gap filling sub-layers, each gap filling sub-layer is cast in segments or integrally cast in the circumferential direction of the blast furnace. When the inner lining layer includes multiple inner lining sub-layers, each inner lining sub-layer is cast in sections sequentially or integrally in the circumferential direction of the blast furnace.

8. The construction method of the blast furnace body cooling structure as described in any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that, include: The cooling wall and cooling plate are installed based on the furnace shell. Each first through hole on the furnace shell and each second through hole on the cooling wall are sealed with sealing material, and an inner template is installed on the hot side of the cooling wall. A first castable refractory is poured into the gap region between the furnace shell and the cooling wall to form the gap filling layer; A second castable is poured into the area between the cooling wall and the inner template to form the inner lining layer.

9. The construction method as described in claim 8, characterized in that, During the installation of the cooling plate, the size of the sealing material in the corresponding first through hole and / or the size of the sealing material in the corresponding second through hole is adjusted so that the cooling plate is installed in the designed position. The size of the sealing material includes the thickness and / or the filling height below the cooling plate.

10. The construction method as described in claim 8, characterized in that, The gap filling layer is poured in multiple layers along the height direction, with the next layer poured after the previous layer has reached initial setting; and / or, the inner lining layer is poured in multiple layers along the height direction, with the next layer poured after the previous layer has reached initial setting.

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