Antibacterial type cellulose acetate fiber and method for preparing the same
By introducing a lignin and nano-copper zinc oxide complex into cellulose acetate fiber, combined with a crosslinking agent and cationic gelatinized starch, the problem of insufficient antibacterial properties of traditional cellulose acetate fiber was solved, achieving high-efficiency antibacterial durability and improved strength of the fiber.
Patent Information
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Applications(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- ACETEK MOMENTUM CO LTD
- Filing Date
- 2026-03-06
- Publication Date
- 2026-06-09
AI Technical Summary
Traditional cellulose acetate fibers have insufficient antibacterial properties, and existing antibacterial treatment methods suffer from high costs, short-lasting effects, and negative impacts on fiber performance.
Using cellulose acetate as the matrix, combined with lignin and zinc oxide complex containing nano-copper, and utilizing cross-linking agents and cationic gelatinized starch, antibacterial components are synthesized in situ during fiber spinning. The synergistic effect of nano-copper and zinc oxide enhances the antibacterial durability and strength.
It significantly improves the antibacterial durability and mechanical strength of the fiber, enhances the binding force between antibacterial molecules and the fiber, reduces the risk of bacterial resistance, and provides a long-lasting antibacterial effect.
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Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] This application relates to the field of chemical fiber technology, and in particular to an antibacterial cellulose acetate fiber and its preparation method. Background Technology
[0002] Cellulose acetate fiber, as an environmentally friendly fiber, possesses excellent moisture absorption and breathability, antistatic properties, and biodegradability, leading to its widespread application in the textile industry. However, the insufficient antibacterial properties of traditional cellulose acetate fiber limit its use in special environments, such as hospitals and laboratories where high hygiene standards are required.
[0003] Current antibacterial treatment methods for cellulose acetate fibers mostly involve post-treatment coating, which not only increases production costs but may also affect the original properties of the fiber, such as hand feel and breathability. Existing antibacterial cellulose acetate fibers on the market are typically achieved through post-treatment with inorganic or organic antibacterial agents. While these methods can provide some antibacterial effect, they suffer from problems such as poor antibacterial durability, easy shedding, and negative impacts on the fiber's mechanical properties. Summary of the Invention
[0004] In order to improve the shortcomings of the existing antibacterial properties of fibers, this application provides an antibacterial cellulose acetate fiber and a method for preparing the same.
[0005] In a first aspect, this application provides an antibacterial cellulose acetate fiber, employing the following technical solution: An antibacterial cellulose acetate fiber comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 85-95 parts cellulose acetate, 0.5-2 parts crosslinking agent, 1-2 parts auxiliaries, 10-20 parts lignin, 5-8 parts zinc oxide complex containing nano-copper, 3-5 parts cationic gelatinized starch, and 40-60 parts solvent.
[0006] By employing the above-mentioned technical solution, using cellulose acetate as the matrix, lignin and a zinc oxide complex containing nano-copper are introduced. Simultaneously, cross-linking agents and cationic gelatinized starch are used to firmly bind the components together, synthesizing antibacterial components during fiber spinning, effectively improving the antibacterial durability and strength of the fiber. The hydroxyl groups in the lignin molecules can form hydrogen bonds with the functional groups of cellulose acetate, effectively improving the mechanical strength and heat resistance of the fiber. Furthermore, lignin has a good inhibitory effect on bacteria such as Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus, further enhancing the antibacterial properties and durability of the fiber. Cationic gelatinized starch can neutralize the negative charges on the lignin particles and fiber surface, promoting the in-situ binding of lignin particles to the fiber surface, enhancing the binding force between antibacterial molecules and the fiber, and further improving the antibacterial effect and durability of the fiber.
[0007] Preferably, the preparation method of the zinc oxide composite containing nano-copper includes the following specific steps: Nano zinc dioxide and water were mixed and ultrasonically dispersed to obtain a nano zinc oxide solution. Copper chloride dihydrate and water were mixed and ultrasonically dispersed to obtain a copper chloride dihydrate solution. The copper chloride dihydrate solution and the nano zinc oxide solution were mixed, heated in an oil bath, and then vitamin C aqueous solution was added dropwise. The mixture was refluxed and cooled. The product was washed, centrifuged, and freeze-dried to obtain a zinc oxide complex containing nano copper.
[0008] By employing the above technical solution, copper nanoparticles are in-situ composited onto the surface of zinc oxide particles. The zinc oxide complex containing copper nanoparticles can attack microorganisms and bacteria through different mechanisms via zinc oxide and copper nanoparticle ions, damaging bacterial cell membranes, proteins, and DNA, reducing the risk of bacterial drug resistance, and improving the antibacterial effect and durability of the fiber. The use of vitamin C can promote the slow nucleation and growth of copper nuclei, controlling the size and distribution of the copper nanoparticles.
[0009] Preferably, the heating temperature is 70-80℃.
[0010] Preferably, the mass ratio of the nano zinc dioxide, copper chloride dihydrate and vitamin C aqueous solution is 1:(2-3):(20-25).
[0011] Preferably, the additives include wetting agents and stabilizers.
[0012] Preferably, the crosslinking agent is glutaraldehyde.
[0013] Secondly, this application provides a method for preparing antibacterial cellulose acetate fiber, using the following technical solution: A method for preparing antibacterial cellulose acetate fiber includes the following specific steps: dissolving cellulose acetate, crosslinking agent, auxiliary agent, lignin, zinc oxide complex containing nano-copper, and cationic gelatinized starch in a solvent, mixing them evenly to form a spinning solution, extruding the spinning solution into filaments through a spinneret, stretching and shaping them simultaneously, and finally washing and drying them to obtain antibacterial cellulose acetate fiber.
[0014] By adopting the above technical solution, the synergistic effect of various components can promote the in-situ synthesis of antibacterial components on the fiber surface, thereby further improving the antibacterial durability and strength of the fiber.
[0015] Preferably, lignin is mixed with ethanol to form a lignin solution, cationic gelatinized starch is mixed with water to form a cationic gelatinized starch suspension, the cationic gelatinized starch suspension is mixed with the lignin solution and stirred evenly, and then mixed evenly with cellulose acetate, crosslinking agent, auxiliaries, and zinc oxide complex containing nano-copper to form a spinning solution, the spinning solution is extruded into filaments through a spinneret and stretched and shaped at the same time, and finally washed and dried to obtain antibacterial cellulose acetate fiber.
[0016] In summary, this application has the following beneficial effects: 1. Because this application uses cellulose acetate as a matrix, combined with lignin and a zinc oxide complex containing nano-copper, and utilizes cross-linking agents and cationic gelatinized starch to firmly bind the components together, antibacterial molecules are synthesized on the fiber surface, effectively improving the antibacterial durability and mechanical strength of the fiber. Cationic gelatinized starch can neutralize the negative charges on the lignin particles and fiber surface, binding the lignin particles to the fiber surface in situ, enhancing the binding force between the antibacterial molecules and the fiber, and further improving the antibacterial effect and durability of the fiber.
[0017] 2. This application employs in-situ composite of nano-copper on the surface of zinc oxide particles, which can attack microorganisms and bacteria through two mechanisms: nano-copper ions and zinc oxide, respectively, thereby improving the antibacterial effect and antibacterial durability of the fiber. Simultaneously, vitamin C promotes the slow growth of copper nuclei, controlling the size and distribution of nano-copper and reducing the aggregation of nanoparticles. Detailed Implementation
[0018] The present application will be further described in detail below with reference to the embodiments.
[0019] All raw materials used in the examples are commercially available.
[0020] Preparation example of zinc oxide composite containing nano-copper Preparation Example 1
[0021] The preparation method of zinc oxide complex containing nano-copper includes the following specific steps: Nano-zinc dioxide and water are mixed and ultrasonically dispersed at a mass ratio of 1:5 to obtain a nano-zinc oxide solution. Copper chloride dihydrate and water are mixed at a mass ratio of 1:5 and ultrasonically dispersed to obtain a copper chloride dihydrate solution. The copper chloride dihydrate solution and the nano-zinc oxide solution are mixed and heated to an 80°C oil bath. Then, a 20% (w / w) vitamin C aqueous solution is added dropwise, with a mass ratio of 1:2.5:23 for nano-zinc dioxide, copper chloride dihydrate, and vitamin C aqueous solution. The mixture is refluxed for 20 hours. The product is washed, centrifuged, and freeze-dried to obtain the zinc oxide complex containing nano-copper.
[0022] Preparation Example 2 The difference between Preparation Example 2 and Preparation Example 1 lies in the preparation method of the zinc oxide complex containing nano-copper, which includes the following specific steps: mixing nano-zinc dioxide and water, ultrasonically dispersing them with a mass ratio of 1:5 to obtain a nano-zinc oxide solution; mixing copper chloride dihydrate and water with a mass ratio of 1:5, ultrasonically dispersing them to obtain a copper chloride dihydrate solution; mixing the copper chloride dihydrate solution and the nano-zinc oxide solution, heating to a 70°C oil bath, and then adding a 20% (w / w) vitamin C aqueous solution with a mass ratio of 1:2:25; refluxing the mixture for 20 hours; washing, centrifuging, and freeze-drying the product to obtain the zinc oxide complex containing nano-copper.
[0023] Preparation Example 3 The difference between Preparation Example 3 and Preparation Example 1 lies in the preparation method of the zinc oxide complex containing nano-copper, which includes the following specific steps: mixing nano-zinc dioxide and water, ultrasonically dispersing them with a mass ratio of 1:5 to obtain a nano-zinc oxide solution; mixing copper chloride dihydrate and water with a mass ratio of 1:5, ultrasonically dispersing them to obtain a copper chloride dihydrate solution; mixing the copper chloride dihydrate solution and the nano-zinc oxide solution, heating to an oil bath at 80°C, and then adding a 20% (w / w) vitamin C aqueous solution with a mass ratio of 1:3:20; refluxing the mixture for 20 hours; washing, centrifuging, and freeze-drying the product to obtain the zinc oxide complex containing nano-copper. Example Example 1
[0024] This embodiment provides an antibacterial cellulose acetate fiber, comprising the following raw materials in parts by weight: 80 kg cellulose acetate, 1.3 kg crosslinking agent, 1.5 kg auxiliaries, 15 kg lignin, 7 kg zinc oxide composite containing nano-copper, 4 kg cationic gelatinized starch, and 50 kg solvent. The crosslinking agent is glutaraldehyde, the solvent is N-methylpyrrolidone, and the auxiliaries include a wetting agent and a stabilizer in a 1:1 mass ratio. The wetting agent is selected as polysiloxane wetting agent NW-200, and the stabilizer is polyvinylpyrrolidone. The zinc oxide composite containing nano-copper is a mixture of nano-copper and zinc oxide in a 1:1 mass ratio, with both nano-copper and zinc oxide having an average particle size of 50 nm.
[0025] The preparation method of antibacterial cellulose acetate fiber includes the following specific steps: Lignin and ethanol are mixed beforehand to form a lignin solution with a mass concentration of 10 g / L. Cationic gelatinized starch is mixed with water to form a cationic gelatinized starch suspension with a mass concentration of 1 g / L. The cationic gelatinized starch suspension is mixed with the lignin solution and stirred evenly. Then, it is mixed evenly with cellulose acetate, crosslinking agent, auxiliaries, zinc oxide complex containing nano-copper, and solvent to form a spinning solution. The spinning solution is extruded into filaments through a spinneret and stretched and shaped at the same time. Finally, it is washed and dried to obtain antibacterial cellulose acetate fiber.
[0026] Example 2
[0027] The difference between Example 2 and Example 1 is that the antibacterial cellulose acetate fiber includes the following raw materials in parts by weight: 85 kg of cellulose acetate, 0.5 kg of crosslinking agent, 2 kg of auxiliary agent, 10 kg of lignin, 5 kg of zinc oxide complex containing nano copper, 5 kg of cationic gelatinized starch, and 40 kg of solvent.
[0028] Example 3 The difference between Example 3 and Example 1 is that the antibacterial cellulose acetate fiber includes the following raw materials in parts by weight: 95 kg of cellulose acetate, 2 kg of crosslinking agent, 1 kg of auxiliary agent, 20 kg of lignin, 8 kg of zinc oxide complex containing nano copper, 3 kg of cationic gelatinized starch, and 60 kg of solvent.
[0029] Example 4 The difference between Example 4 and Example 1 is that the zinc oxide complex containing nano-copper in the antibacterial cellulose acetate fiber raw material is derived from Preparation Example 1.
[0030] Example 5 The difference between Example 5 and Example 1 is that the zinc oxide complex containing nano-copper in the antibacterial cellulose acetate fiber raw material is derived from Preparation Example 2.
[0031] Example 6 The difference between Example 6 and Example 1 is that the zinc oxide complex containing nano-copper in the antibacterial cellulose acetate fiber raw material is derived from Preparation Example 3.
[0032] Comparative Example Comparative Example 1 The difference between Comparative Example 1 and Example 1 is that the antibacterial cellulose acetate fiber raw material does not use zinc oxide complex containing nano-copper.
[0033] Comparative Example 2 The difference between Comparative Example 2 and Example 1 is that cationic gelatinized starch is not used in the antibacterial cellulose acetate fiber raw material.
[0034] The preparation method of antibacterial cellulose acetate fiber includes the following specific steps: Lignin, cellulose acetate, crosslinking agent, auxiliaries, zinc oxide complex containing nano-copper, and solvent are mixed evenly to form a spinning solution. The spinning solution is extruded into filaments through a spinneret, and simultaneously stretched and shaped. Finally, the fibers are washed and dried to obtain antibacterial cellulose acetate fibers.
[0035] Comparative Example 3 The difference between Comparative Example 3 and Example 1 is that lignin is not used in the antibacterial cellulose acetate fiber raw material.
[0036] The preparation method of antibacterial cellulose acetate fiber includes the following specific steps: Cationic gelatinized starch, cellulose acetate, crosslinking agent, auxiliaries, zinc oxide complex containing nano-copper, and solvent are mixed evenly to form a spinning solution. The spinning solution is extruded into filaments through a spinneret, and simultaneously stretched and shaped. Finally, it is washed and dried to obtain antibacterial cellulose acetate fiber.
[0037] Performance testing The antibacterial cellulose acetate fibers provided in Examples 1-6 and Comparative Examples 1-3 of this application were subjected to the following performance tests, and the specific test results are shown in Table 1.
[0038] Detection methods I. Antibacterial effect and durability GB / T20944.2-2007 "Evaluation of antimicrobial properties of textiles - Part 2: Absorption method" tests the antimicrobial properties of the antimicrobial cellulose acetate fiber prepared in this application, as well as the antimicrobial effect after 50 washes.
[0039] II. Strength The strength of the antibacterial cellulose acetate fiber prepared in this application was tested in accordance with the standard GB / T 14337-2008 "Test Method for Tensile Properties of Short Chemical Fibers".
[0040] Table 1: Performance Test Results Data Table
[0041] The performance test results show that the antibacterial cellulose acetate fiber prepared in this application has good antibacterial effect and antibacterial durability. Through the synergistic effect of each component, it can promote the in-situ binding of antibacterial molecules to the fiber surface, enhance the binding force between antibacterial molecules and fibers, and improve the antibacterial effect and antibacterial durability of the fiber.
[0042] A comparison of Comparative Examples 1-3 and Example 1 reveals that Comparative Example 1, which did not use a zinc oxide complex containing nano-copper, Comparative Example 2, which did not use cationic gelatinized starch, and Comparative Example 3, which did not use lignin, showed a decrease in both the antibacterial effect and antibacterial durability of the prepared antibacterial cellulose acetate fibers, as indicated by performance testing. In particular, Comparative Example 2, which did not use cationic gelatinized starch, resulted in fibers whose antibacterial performance failed to meet requirements after multiple washes. This further demonstrates that cationic gelatinized starch can neutralize the negative charge on lignin particles and the fiber surface, promoting the in-situ binding of lignin particles to the fiber surface, enhancing the binding force between antibacterial molecules and the fiber, and further improving the antibacterial effect and antibacterial durability of the fiber.
[0043] This specific embodiment is merely an explanation of this application and is not intended to limit it. After reading this specification, those skilled in the art can make modifications to this embodiment without contributing any inventive step, but such modifications are protected by patent law as long as they fall within the scope of the claims of this application.
Claims
1. An antibacterial cellulose acetate fiber, characterized in that, The raw materials include the following parts by weight: 85-95 parts cellulose acetate, 0.5-2 parts crosslinking agent, 1-2 parts auxiliary agent, 10-20 parts lignin, 5-8 parts zinc oxide complex containing nano copper, 3-5 parts cationic gelatinized starch, and 40-60 parts solvent.
2. The antibacterial cellulose acetate fiber according to claim 1, characterized in that, The preparation method of the zinc oxide composite containing nano-copper includes the following specific steps: Nano zinc dioxide and water were mixed and ultrasonically dispersed to obtain a nano zinc oxide solution. Copper chloride dihydrate and water were mixed and ultrasonically dispersed to obtain a copper chloride dihydrate solution. The copper chloride dihydrate solution and the nano zinc oxide solution were mixed, heated in an oil bath, and then vitamin C aqueous solution was added dropwise. The mixture was refluxed and cooled. The product was washed, centrifuged, and freeze-dried to obtain a zinc oxide complex containing nano copper.
3. The antibacterial cellulose acetate fiber according to claim 2, characterized in that, The heating temperature is 70-80℃.
4. The antibacterial cellulose acetate fiber according to claim 2, characterized in that, The mass ratio of the nano zinc dioxide, copper chloride dihydrate and vitamin C aqueous solution is 1:(2-3):(20-25).
5. The antibacterial cellulose acetate fiber according to claim 1, characterized in that, The additives include wetting agents and stabilizers.
6. The antibacterial cellulose acetate fiber according to claim 1, characterized in that, The crosslinking agent is glutaraldehyde.
7. A method for preparing antibacterial cellulose acetate fiber as described in any one of claims 1-6, characterized in that, The specific steps include: dissolving cellulose acetate, crosslinking agent, auxiliary agent, lignin, zinc oxide complex containing nano-copper, and cationic gelatinized starch in a solvent, mixing them evenly to form a spinning solution, extruding the spinning solution into filaments through a spinneret, stretching and shaping them simultaneously, and finally washing and drying them to obtain antibacterial cellulose acetate fibers.
8. The method for preparing antibacterial cellulose acetate fiber according to claim 7, characterized in that, The specific steps include the following: Lignin is mixed with ethanol to form a lignin solution. Cationic gelatinized starch is mixed with water to form a cationic gelatinized starch suspension. The cationic gelatinized starch suspension is mixed with the lignin solution and stirred evenly. Then, it is mixed evenly with cellulose acetate, crosslinking agent, auxiliaries, and zinc oxide complex containing nano-copper to form a spinning solution. The spinning solution is extruded into filaments through a spinneret and stretched and shaped at the same time. Finally, it is washed and dried to obtain antibacterial cellulose acetate fiber.