A roof reinforcing vehicle for use in a coal mine

Abstract

The present application relates to the technical field of coal mining, and particularly relates to a roof reinforcing vehicle in a coal mine, comprising: a mobile vehicle body, a marking assembly, a laser ranging assembly and a reinforcing assembly; the marking assembly and the reinforcing assembly are fixed on the mobile vehicle body along the front-rear direction, so that when the mobile vehicle body advances in the coal mine, the laser ranging assembly can detect deformation areas of the roof and the floor on the way, the marking assembly can mark the detected deformation areas, and the reinforcing assembly can reinforce the marked roof. The beneficial effects are that the laser ranging assembly detects the deformation areas of the roof and the floor during the advancement of the mobile vehicle body, replacing the traditional manual naked-eye identification, improving the detection efficiency and accuracy; the marking assembly marks the detected deformation areas, avoiding the omission of high-risk areas; the reinforcing assembly reinforces the marked roof, ensuring that the reinforcing measures can cover the hidden danger positions, improving the pertinence and effectiveness of the reinforcing operation.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of coal mining technology, and in particular to a roof reinforcement vehicle for underground coal mines. Background Technology

[0002] During the mining of underground projects such as coal mines, large-scale goaf areas are formed as the working face advances. When groundwater or water accumulated in the goaf enters the mining space, the roof strata are subjected to hydrostatic pressure. If the water pressure accumulated below the roof is too high, exceeding the tensile or shear strength limit of the rock strata themselves, it will induce structural damage and create new cracks, a phenomenon known as "water pressure-induced cracking of the underground roof." This water pressure-induced cracking significantly weakens the integrity and stability of the roof, and in severe cases, can directly lead to roof collapse accidents, posing a great threat to the lives of underground workers and the normal operation of equipment. To prevent such disasters, roof reinforcement vehicles are usually used to support potentially fractured areas, such as erecting steel pillars, steel beams, or installing anchor bolts, to enhance the overall bearing capacity of the rock strata, control roof deformation, and ensure the safety of mining operations.

[0003] Currently, before implementing roof reinforcement operations, the roof reinforcement vehicles used in underground coal mines often rely on construction workers to visually inspect or rely on experience to identify deformed areas such as damage, depressions, or bulges in the roof. This traditional manual identification method is not only inefficient but also limited by underground lighting conditions and subjective judgment errors. It is very easy for deformed areas such as depressions and cracks to be missed in time or not accurately located, which may result in reinforcement measures not accurately covering the hidden danger points, creating potential safety hazards for subsequent construction.

[0004] Therefore, there is an urgent need for a roof reinforcement vehicle for underground coal mines to replace manual methods for judging the deformation area of ​​the roof. Summary of the Invention

[0005] (a) Technical problems to be solved

[0006] In view of the above-mentioned shortcomings and deficiencies of the prior art, the present invention provides a roof reinforcement vehicle for underground coal mines, which solves the technical problems of low efficiency and large subjective error caused by the reliance on manual visual identification of roof deformation areas in the prior art.

[0007] (II) Technical Solution

[0008] To achieve the above objectives, the main technical solutions adopted by the present invention include:

[0009] This invention provides a roof reinforcement vehicle for underground coal mines, comprising: a mobile vehicle body, a marking component, a laser ranging component, and a reinforcement component; the laser ranging component is fixed in front of the marking component, and the marking component and the reinforcement component are respectively fixed to the mobile vehicle body in a front-rear direction, so that when the mobile vehicle body moves forward in the underground coal mine, the laser ranging component can detect the deformation areas of the roof and floor along the way, the marking component can mark the detected deformation areas, and the reinforcement component can reinforce the marked roof.

[0010] Optionally, the marking assembly includes a first slide rail, a first electric slider, an electric telescopic rod, a paint box, an upper nozzle, and a lower nozzle; the first electric slider is slidably connected to the first slide rail in the left-right direction, the electric telescopic rod is supported above the first electric slider, the upper nozzle is fixed to the top of the electric telescopic rod, the lower nozzle is fixed to the bottom of the first electric slider, the paint box is located behind the first electric slider and fixed to the moving vehicle body, and the paint box is connected to the upper nozzle and the lower nozzle respectively.

[0011] Optionally, the laser ranging component includes an upper ranging box and a lower ranging box, which are symmetrically fixed to the upper and lower sides of the marking component.

[0012] Optionally, the marking assembly further includes a first telescopic tube and a second telescopic tube; the first telescopic tube extends vertically through the first electric slider and is connected to the upper and lower nozzles, so that the first telescopic tube can extend and retract as the electric telescopic rod extends and retracts vertically; the second telescopic tube is made of a flexible material, extends in the front-back direction, and is connected to the first telescopic tube and the paint box respectively, so that the second telescopic tube can deform as the first electric slider slides in the left-right direction, so that the paint in the paint box enters the upper and lower nozzles sequentially through the second telescopic tube and the first telescopic tube respectively.

[0013] Optionally, the marking component also includes a control console located on the moving vehicle body. The laser ranging component, the electric telescopic rod, and the first electric slider are respectively connected to the control console. The control console receives data transmitted by the laser ranging component and controls the movement of the electric telescopic rod and the first electric slider.

[0014] Optionally, the reinforcement assembly includes a reinforcement platform, multiple drive telescopic components, a mounting base, a motor base, a transmission rod, a rotating rod, a transmission assembly, a grouting assembly, and an anchor bolt. The multiple drive telescopic components are supported between the mobile vehicle body and the reinforcement platform, with the reinforcement platform fixed to the top of the drive telescopic components. The mounting base is fixed to the reinforcement platform. The mounting base has a second electric sliding groove extending in the left-right direction. The motor base contains a motor, and the motor base and the second electric sliding groove are slidably connected in the left-right direction. The motor is driven by the transmission rod, which is connected to the transmission assembly. The rotating rod extends in the up-down direction and is connected to the transmission assembly. The transmission assembly is connected to the rotating rod. The rotating rod extends in the up-down direction and is sleeved onto the anchor bolt. The grouting assembly is optionally connected to the bottom end of the anchor bolt.

[0015] Optionally, the transmission assembly includes a slide, a first transmission gear, and a second transmission gear; the reinforcement platform has an upper drilling groove corresponding to the slide; the first transmission gear and the second transmission gear are located inside the slide, the rotating rod passes through the slide and the upper drilling groove in sequence in the vertical direction and is rotatably connected to the slide, the slide and the upper drilling groove are slidably connected in the horizontal direction; the first transmission gear is fixed to the end of the transmission rod away from the motor base, the second transmission gear is perpendicular to the first transmission gear and the two mesh with each other, the second transmission gear is sleeved on the rotating rod, and the grouting assembly can optionally be connected to the bottom end of the ground anchor rod, so that when the anchor rod rotates to penetrate into the top plate, the grouting assembly is connected to the anchor rod, thereby performing grouting.

[0016] Optionally, the reinforcement assembly also includes a connecting plate and a light panel for illuminating the deformed area; the connecting plate is fixedly connected to the top of the mounting base, and the light panel is rotatably connected to the connecting plate.

[0017] Optionally, the grouting assembly includes a mortar box, a mud pump, and a mortar pipe; the mortar box is fixed to the rear end of the mobile vehicle, the mud pump is fixed above the mortar box, one end of the mortar pipe is connected to the mud pump, and the other end of the mortar pipe is optionally connected to the bottom end of the anchor rod.

[0018] Optionally, the roof reinforcement vehicle also includes a high-pressure water tank, a water pipe, and a lower drilling groove; the high-pressure water tank is fixed between the reinforcement component and the marking component, one end of the water pipe is connected to the high-pressure water tank, and the lower drilling groove runs through the moving vehicle body in the vertical direction so that the other end of the water pipe can extend into a pre-drilled hole in the deformation area of ​​the base plate through the lower drilling groove, and the deformation area of ​​the base plate is treated by water pressure fracturing.

[0019] (III) Beneficial Effects

[0020] The beneficial effects of this invention are as follows: This invention provides a roof reinforcement vehicle for underground coal mines, comprising: a mobile vehicle body, a marking component, a laser ranging component, and a reinforcement component. The laser ranging component is fixed in front of the marking component. The marking component and the reinforcement component are sequentially fixed to the mobile vehicle body along the front-rear direction. This allows the laser ranging component to detect deformation areas of the roof and floor slabs as the mobile vehicle moves underground, the marking component to mark the detected deformation areas, and the reinforcement component to reinforce the marked roof slabs. Compared to existing technologies, the laser ranging component detects deformation areas of the roof and floor slabs during the movement of the mobile vehicle, replacing traditional manual visual identification and improving detection efficiency and accuracy. The marking component marks the detected deformation areas, avoiding the omission of high-risk areas. The reinforcement component reinforces the marked roof slabs, ensuring that reinforcement measures cover potential hazard locations and improving the targeting and effectiveness of reinforcement operations. Attached Figure Description

[0021] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the roof reinforcement vehicle in underground coal mine according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention;

[0022] Figure 2 for Figure 1 The diagram shows a partial structural schematic of a roof reinforcement vehicle in a coal mine. The components above the lower drilling trench are transparent to clearly show the lower drilling trench.

[0023] Figure 3 for Figure 1 The diagram shows the structural schematic of the marking component and laser ranging component in the roof reinforcement vehicle in an underground coal mine.

[0024] Figure 4 for Figure 1 The diagram shows a partial structural design of the roof reinforcement components in a coal mine underground roof reinforcement vehicle.

[0025] Figure 5 for Figure 1 The image shows a sectional view of the transmission rod of a portion of the reinforcement components in a roof reinforcement vehicle in an underground coal mine, taken in the vertical direction.

[0026] Explanation of reference numerals in the attached figures

[0027] 1: Mobile vehicle body;

[0028] 2: Marking assembly; 21: First slide rail; 22: First electric slider; 23: Electric telescopic rod; 24: Paint box; 25: Upper nozzle; 26: Lower nozzle; 27: First telescopic tube; 28: Second telescopic tube; 29: Mounting plate;

[0029] 3: Laser ranging component; 31: Upper ranging box; 32: Lower ranging box;

[0030] 4: Reinforcing component; 41: Reinforcing platform; 42: Mounting base; 421: Second electric slide rail; 422: Connecting plate; 423: Light panel; 43: Motor base; 44: Transmission rod; 45: Rotating rod; 46: Transmission component; 461: Slide; 462: First transmission gear; 463: Second transmission gear; 47: Grouting component; 471: Mortar box; 472: Mud pump; 473: Mortar pipe; 48: Upper anchor bolt;

[0031] 5: High-pressure water tank; 6: Water pipe; 7: Lower drilling trench. Detailed Implementation

[0032] To better explain and facilitate understanding of the present invention, a detailed description of the invention is provided below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments. In this document, directional terms such as "upper," "lower," "left," "right," "front," and "rear" are used interchangeably. Figure 1 The orientation is used as a reference. "Up" refers to the direction close to the roof of the coal mine, "down" refers to the direction close to the floor of the coal mine, "front" refers to the direction close to the laser ranging component 3, "back" refers to the direction close to the reinforcement component 4, and "left" and "right" refer to the directions perpendicular to the planes of the front-back direction and the left-right direction, respectively.

[0033] To better understand the above technical solutions, exemplary embodiments of the present invention will be described in more detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Although exemplary embodiments of the present invention are shown in the drawings, it should be understood that the present invention can be implemented in various forms and should not be limited to the embodiments set forth herein. Rather, these embodiments are provided so that the present invention can be understood more clearly and thoroughly, and that the scope of the present invention can be fully conveyed to those skilled in the art.

[0034] Example 1:

[0035] Reference Figures 1 to 5 This embodiment proposes a roof reinforcement vehicle for underground coal mines, which can replace manual judgment of the deformation area of ​​the roof. Specifically, the roof reinforcement vehicle for underground coal mines in this embodiment includes a mobile vehicle body 1, a marking component 2, a laser ranging component 3, and a reinforcement component 4, as detailed below.

[0036] In this embodiment, multiple rollers are provided on both sides of the mobile vehicle body 1, and a track is fitted on each of the multiple rollers on each side. Moreover, the multiple rollers on each side spread the track to adapt to the road surface of the underground coal mine roadway. The mobile vehicle body 1 serves as a carrying platform and moves continuously along the extension direction of the underground coal mine roadway, providing a stable mobile foundation for the subsequent sequential operation of the marking component 2, the laser ranging component 3, and the reinforcement component 4.

[0037] The marking component 2 is fixed to the mobile vehicle body 1 by welding, screwing, or snapping. The laser ranging component 3 is fixed to the marking component 2 by welding, screwing, or snapping and is located in front of the marking component 2. When the mobile vehicle body 1 moves forward, the laser ranging component 3 passes through the area to be measured first and scans and detects the top and bottom plates during the journey. This replaces the traditional manual visual observation, eliminates the influence of insufficient lighting and subjective judgment errors in coal mines, realizes the early detection and location recording of deformed areas, and enables the timely identification of hidden danger points, avoiding omissions caused by human fatigue or blind spots.

[0038] After the laser ranging component 3 completes the detection and determines the deformation area, the marking component 2 follows closely to the same position. Based on the detection results, it can spray and mark the identified deformation area to ensure that the hidden danger points can be accurately identified, providing precise visual guidance for subsequent reinforcement work.

[0039] The reinforcement component 4 is fixed to the mobile vehicle body 1 by welding, screwing or snapping and is located behind the marking component 2. After the marking component 2 completes the marking of the deformed area, the reinforcement component 4 finally arrives at the position and carries out reinforcement work on the marked top plate area. This allows the reinforcement process to accurately cover the marked hidden danger points, ensuring that the reinforcement measures directly act on the area that needs to be treated, and improving the pertinence and effectiveness of the reinforcement work.

[0040] The laser ranging component 3, marking component 2, and reinforcement component 4 are fixed sequentially on the mobile vehicle 1 in the front-to-back direction, forming a spatially connected layout of the three processes of detection, marking, and reinforcement. The mobile vehicle 1 can complete the entire process from hazard identification to risk management in one move, enabling the laser ranging component 3, marking component 2, and reinforcement component 4 to automatically connect in the same working stroke, thus improving the continuity of the overall operation.

[0041] In summary, the laser ranging component 3 detects the deformation areas of the top and bottom plates during the movement of the moving vehicle 1, replacing traditional manual visual identification and improving detection efficiency and accuracy; the marking component 2 marks the detected deformation areas, avoiding the omission of high-risk areas; and the reinforcement component 4 reinforces the marked top plates, ensuring that the reinforcement measures cover the potential hazard locations, thus improving the targeting and effectiveness of the reinforcement operation.

[0042] Furthermore, the marking component 2 includes a first slide rail 21, a first electric slider 22, an electric telescopic rod 23, a pigment box 24, an upper nozzle 25, and a lower nozzle 26. The first slide rail 21 is fixed to the front side of the mobile vehicle body 1 by welding, screwing, or snapping and extends horizontally in the left-right direction. The first electric slider 22 is slidably connected to the first slide rail 21, allowing the upper nozzle 25 and lower nozzle 26 fixed on the first electric slider 22 to move directly above or below the deformation area, enabling the marking component 2 to cover any width of the top and bottom plates of the entire tunnel cross-section. In this embodiment, the first slide rail 21 is a ball screw with a motor, and the first electric slider 22 is threadedly connected to the ball screw. The motor drives the ball screw to rotate, thereby moving the first electric slider 22 in the left-right direction. In another embodiment, the first slide rail 21 is a track with two racks, and the first electric slider 22 includes a slider body, a motor, and two gears. The motor is fixedly connected to the slider body, and the output shaft of the motor is fixedly connected to the gears. The motor drives the gears to rotate, thereby causing the slider body to move along the extension direction of the racks. Of course, the first slide rail 21 and the first electric slider 22 described above are merely examples of implementation methods and are not limited to the two methods mentioned above.

[0043] The electric telescopic rod 23 is vertically supported above the first electric slider 22, and the top of the electric telescopic rod 23 is fixed to the mounting plate 29 by welding, screwing, or snapping. The upper spray head 25 is fixed above the mounting plate 29 by welding, screwing, or snapping. When the deformation area is located on the top plate, the electric telescopic rod 23 extends upward, driving the upper spray head 25 to a position close to the deformation area of ​​the top plate, so that the distance between the upper spray head 25 and the top plate is within the effective spraying range, allowing the marking assembly 2 to adapt to changes in different tunnel heights and ensuring the clarity and accuracy of the sprayed markings. In this embodiment, the electric telescopic rod 23 is an electric cylinder or hydraulic cylinder as used in the prior art.

[0044] The lower nozzle 26 is fixed to the bottom of the first electric slider 22 by welding, screwing or snapping. When the deformation area is located on the base plate, since the distance between the lower nozzle 26 and the base plate is relatively fixed and within the effective spraying range, there is no need for height adjustment. The first electric slider 22 can directly spray after moving the lower nozzle 26 directly above the deformation area.

[0045] The pigment box 24 is located behind the first electric slider 22 and is fixed to the mobile vehicle body 1 by welding, screwing, or snapping. The pigment box 24 is connected to the upper nozzle 25 and the lower nozzle 26 through pipelines. When the first electric slider 22 moves to the corresponding position of the deformation area and the upper nozzle 25 is adjusted to a suitable height, the pigment in the pigment box 24 can be transported to the upper nozzle 25 and the lower nozzle 26 through the pipeline to spray and mark the deformation area. The pigment box 24 is fixed to the mobile vehicle body 1 so that it does not move with the first electric slider 22, thus reducing the load on the first electric slider 22.

[0046] Furthermore, the laser ranging component 3 includes an upper ranging box 31 and a lower ranging box 32. The upper ranging box 31 and the lower ranging box 32 are symmetrically fixed to the upper and lower sides of the marking component 2. Specifically, the upper ranging box 31 and the lower ranging box 32 are symmetrically fixed to the upper and lower sides of the first electric slider 22. The upper ranging box 31 faces the upper top plate, and the lower ranging box 32 faces the lower bottom plate. When the moving vehicle 1 moves forward, the upper ranging box 31 and the lower ranging box 32 move synchronously with the marking component 2. Before the marking component 2 reaches the area to be measured, the top plate and the bottom plate are first laser scanned. Simultaneously, the fixed distance between the upper ranging box 31 and the marking component 2 creates a spatial correspondence between the detection position and the subsequent marking position, achieving a deviation-free connection between detection and marking. This eliminates the limitations of uneven lighting and single-view observation in the well, allowing the deformation areas of both the top and bottom plates to be simultaneously detected and recorded. In this embodiment, the upper ranging box 31 and the lower ranging box 32 are laser rangefinders in the prior art. Preferably, the upper measuring box 31 and the lower measuring box 32 are wide-beam laser rangefinders in the prior art, so that the first electric slider 22 can measure the data of the area to be measured on the top plate and the bottom plate without having to move to the left and right ends of the first slide groove.

[0047] Furthermore, the marking assembly 2 also includes a first telescopic tube 27 and a second telescopic tube 28. The first telescopic tube 27 extends vertically through the first electric slider 22 and is connected to the upper nozzle 25 and the lower nozzle 26 respectively. When the electric telescopic rod 23 extends upward, causing the upper nozzle 25 to rise, the first telescopic tube 27 is simultaneously stretched and elongated. When the electric telescopic rod 23 retracts downward, the first telescopic tube 27 is simultaneously compressed and shortened, ensuring that the pigment delivery pipeline of the upper nozzle 25 remains sealed and connected at any height, thus ensuring that the pigment can be stably delivered to the upper nozzle 25 during the top plate marking operation. In this embodiment, the first telescopic tube 27 is any one of a plastic telescopic tube, a metal corrugated tube, or a rubber telescopic tube. Meanwhile, the second telescopic tube 28 is made of a flexible material; specifically, the second telescopic tube 28 is a plastic telescopic tube or a rubber telescopic tube.

[0048] The second telescopic tube 28 extends in the front-to-back direction and is connected to the first telescopic tube 27 and the pigment box 24 respectively. When the first electric slider 22 slides left and right along the first slide rail 21, the second telescopic tube 28 freely bends and deforms as the first electric slider 22 moves. Its flexible material properties allow it to maintain a smooth pigment delivery channel whenever the first electric slider 22 slides to any lateral position, without being limited by the distance and direction of the first electric slider 22's movement. The pigment in the pigment box 24 enters the upper nozzle 25 and the lower nozzle 26 sequentially through the second telescopic tube 28 and the first telescopic tube 27 respectively, achieving continuity and reliability of pigment delivery during the omnidirectional movement of the marking component 2, including left-to-right movement and up-and-down lifting.

[0049] Furthermore, the marking component 2 also includes a control console, which is located on the mobile vehicle body 1. The laser ranging component 3, the electric telescopic rod 23, and the first electric slider 22 are electrically connected to the control console. The upper ranging box 31 and the lower ranging box 32 in the laser ranging component 3 collect distance data of the top plate and the bottom plate in real time and continuously transmit the collected data to the control console. The control console compares and analyzes the received distance data with a preset benchmark threshold. When the distance value of a certain area changes beyond the preset range, the area is determined to be a deformation area. At the same time, the lateral coordinate position of the deformation area in the tunnel and the top plate height data are recorded. The control console automatically generates control commands based on the judgment results and recorded position data. First, it drives the first electric slider 22 to slide along the first slide rail 21 to the lateral coordinate position corresponding to the deformation area, moving the upper nozzle 25 and lower nozzle 26 directly below the deformation area. Then, based on the roof height data, it drives the electric telescopic rod 23 to extend upwards, raising the upper nozzle 25 to a position close to the roof deformation area. Once both the upper and lower nozzles 25 are in position, the control console controls the pigment box 24 to output pigment, which is then transported through pipelines to the upper and lower nozzles 25 and 26, automatically spraying and marking the deformation area. This automated control process replaces the method of relying on manual visual observation and experience judgment in the prior art, eliminating the impact of insufficient downhole lighting and subjective judgment errors on deformation area identification. It also achieves fully automated connection of the entire process from data acquisition, deformation judgment to position positioning, nozzle adjustment, and spraying execution, minimizing the time interval between detection and marking, and avoiding mark position deviations caused by recording errors or positioning deviations during manual operation, providing accurate position guidance for subsequent reinforcement operations.

[0050] Furthermore, the reinforcement component 4 includes a reinforcement platform 41, multiple drive telescopic components, a mounting base 42, a motor base 43, a transmission rod 44, a rotating rod 45, a transmission assembly 46, a grouting assembly 47, and an upper anchor rod 48. Multiple drive telescopic components are supported between the mobile vehicle body 1 and the reinforcement platform 41. The reinforcement platform 41 is fixed to the top of the drive telescopic components by welding, screwing, or snap-fitting. The multiple drive telescopic components extend and retract synchronously according to the height of the roof, causing the reinforcement platform 41 to rise or fall as a whole to an operating height adapted to the deformation area of ​​the roof, allowing the upper anchor rod 48 to be vertically aligned with the deformation area of ​​the roof.

[0051] The mounting base 42 is fixed to the reinforcement platform 41 by welding, screwing, or snap-fitting. The mounting base 42 has a second electric sliding groove 421 extending in the left-right direction. A motor is installed inside the motor base 43. The motor base 43 and the second electric sliding groove 421 are slidably connected in the left-right direction. Based on the deformation area recorded by the marking component 2, the second electric sliding groove 421 drives the motor base 43 to slide along the second electric sliding groove 421 to the corresponding position, aligning the upper anchor rod 48 directly below the marked deformation area of ​​the top plate, ensuring that the reinforcement measures can accurately act on the marked potential hazard points. In this embodiment, the sliding connection between the second electric sliding groove 421 and the motor base 43 is the same as the specific implementation of the first sliding groove and the first electric slider 22, and will not be described again here.

[0052] The motor is driven by the transmission rod 44, which is connected to the transmission assembly 46. The rotating rod 45 extends vertically and is connected to the transmission assembly 46. The transmission assembly 46 is also connected to the rotating rod 45. The rotating rod 45 extends vertically and is sleeved on the outside of the upper anchor rod 48. Specifically, the rotating rod 45 is threadedly connected to the upper anchor rod 48. When the motor base 43 slides to the target position, the motor starts and transmits power to the transmission assembly 46 through the transmission rod 44. The transmission assembly 46 drives the rotating rod 45 to rotate, which in turn drives the upper anchor rod 48, which is threadedly connected to it, to rotate around its own axis. While the upper anchor rod 48 is rotating, the telescopic component continues to lift the reinforcement platform 41 upward, causing the rotating upper anchor rod 48 to drill upward and penetrate deep into the top rock layer, thus achieving the installation of the upper anchor rod 48.

[0053] The grouting assembly 47 can be selectively connected to the bottom end of the upper anchor rod 48. Specifically, when the upper anchor rod 48 rotates, the grouting assembly 47 is not connected to the upper anchor rod 48 until the upper anchor rod 48 has drilled to a preset depth, at which point the motor stops, the telescopic component stops rising and falling, and the upper anchor rod 48 remains stationary. Then, the grouting assembly 47 is connected to the bottom end of the upper anchor rod 48 (for example, by manually connecting the grouting assembly 47 to the upper anchor rod 48), and cement mortar is injected into the interior of the upper anchor rod 48. Since the grouting process is carried out after the upper anchor rod 48 has come to a stop, there is no rotational interference problem in the connection between the grouting assembly 47 and the bottom end of the upper anchor rod 48, ensuring the sealing and reliability of the grouting. By employing a step-by-step approach of drilling first and then grouting, the reinforcement component 4 can independently complete the two processes of installing the upper anchor rod 48 and grouting, without the need to change equipment or require manual intervention. This improves the continuity and efficiency of the reinforcement operation. At the same time, the upper anchor rod 48 is sleeved on the rotating rod 45, which ensures stable torque transmission during rotary drilling and guarantees the accuracy of the drilling direction.

[0054] Specifically, the transmission assembly 46 includes a slide block 461, a first transmission gear 462, and a second transmission gear 463. The slide block 461 is slidably connected to the upper drilling slot on the reinforcement platform 41 in the left-right direction. The upper drilling slot extends in the left-right direction and penetrates the reinforcement platform 41 in the up-down direction. When the motor base 43 slides in the second electric sliding groove 421, the slide block 461 simultaneously slides to the same lateral position in the upper drilling slot. The rotating rod 45 passes through the slide block 461 and the upper drilling slot in the up-down direction and is rotatably connected to the slide block 461. Thus, the upper anchor rod 48, which is sleeved inside the rotating rod 45, always maintains a vertical posture and is precisely aligned directly below the marked deformation area of ​​the top plate. This ensures that the upper anchor rod 48 can accurately move directly below any deformation area. Specifically, the upper anchor rod 48 is sleeved on the rotating rod 45 at the joint with the rotating rod 45 through a bearing, and the outer side of the bearing is fixed to the slide block 461 to achieve a rotatable connection.

[0055] The first transmission gear 462 is fixed to the end of the transmission rod 44 away from the motor base 43 by welding, screwing, or sleeve connection. The second transmission gear 463 is located inside the slide 461 and is perpendicular to the first transmission gear 462. The two gears mesh with each other, and the second transmission gear 463 is sleeved on the upper anchor rod 48. When the motor starts, the transmission rod 44 drives the first transmission gear 462 to rotate. The first transmission gear 462 transmits power to the second transmission gear 463 through perpendicular meshing with it. The second transmission gear 463 drives the rotating rod 45 sleeved inside it to rotate around its own axis. Thus, the driving force of the motor can be transmitted in a 90-degree direction within the narrow space of the slide 461, while ensuring the stability of the rotation of the upper anchor rod 48 and the uniformity of torque output. This allows the upper anchor rod 48 to obtain sufficient rotational force to penetrate deep into the roof rock layer during drilling. Specifically, in this embodiment, the top of the upper anchor rod 48 has a grouting port, which is conical in shape, to facilitate drilling upward into the roof.

[0056] While the upper anchor rod 48 rotates, multiple drive telescopic components simultaneously lift the reinforcement platform 41 upwards, causing the rotating upper anchor rod 48 to drill upwards and gradually penetrate deeper into the roof strata. After the upper anchor rod 48 drills to the preset depth, the motor stops, the drive telescopic components stop lifting and lowering, and the upper anchor rod 48 remains stationary. At this time, the grouting assembly 47 connects to the bottom end of the upper anchor rod 48, injecting cement mortar into the interior of the upper anchor rod 48. Since the grouting process is carried out after the upper anchor rod 48 has come to a stop, there is no rotational interference problem in the connection between the grouting assembly 47 and the bottom end of the upper anchor rod 48, ensuring the sealing and reliability of the grouting. The upper anchor rod 48 is supported by bearings inside the sliding seat 461, which not only ensures the stability of the upper anchor rod 48 during drilling but also allows the upper anchor rod 48 to move laterally with the sliding seat 461 as a whole to adapt to reinforcement points at different locations. Thus, the upper anchor rod 48 can be precisely applied to the marked hazard areas.

[0057] Furthermore, the reinforcement component 4 also includes a connecting plate 422 and a light panel 423 for illuminating the deformation area. The connecting plate 422 is fixedly connected to the upper surface of the mounting base 42 by welding, screwing, or snap-fitting. The light panel 423 is rotatably connected to the connecting plate 422 via a pivot, allowing the light panel 423 to be oriented towards the deformation area. When the reinforcement component 4 is ready to reinforce the marked deformation area of ​​the roof with the upper anchor bolt 48, the operator adjusts the pitch angle of the light panel 423 according to the marked position, so that the light emitted by the light panel 423 is concentrated on the marked deformation area, illuminating the marked position with high-brightness light. The high-brightness illumination provided by the light panel 423 compensates for the lack of light in underground coal mines, making the pigment markings sprayed on the roof clearly visible during reinforcement work, facilitating accurate identification of the marking position. At the same time, the illumination can help the operator observe the condition of the roof rock strata, determine whether there are cracks or fractures, and provide on-site visual reference for reinforcement work.

[0058] Furthermore, the grouting assembly 47 includes a mortar tank 471, a mud pump 472, and a mortar pipe 473. The mortar tank 471 is fixed to the rear end of the mobile vehicle body 1 and is used to store and mix cement mortar. The mud pump 472 is fixed to the upper surface of the mortar tank 471 by welding, screwing, or snapping. One end of the mortar pipe 473 is connected to the mud pump 472, and the other end of the mortar pipe 473 can be optionally connected to the bottom end of the upper anchor rod 48. After the upper anchor rod 48 is drilled to the preset depth and stops rotating, the operator connects the end of the mortar pipe 473 away from the mud pump 472 to the grouting groove at the bottom of the upper anchor rod 48, starts the mud pump 472, and draws cement mortar from the mortar box 471 and pressurizes it. The high-pressure mortar is then transported to the bottom of the upper anchor rod 48 through the mortar pipe 473. The upper anchor rod 48 has a hollow structure. After the mortar enters from the bottom, it flows upward along the internal channel of the upper anchor rod 48 and is finally discharged from the grouting port of the rotating rod 45 at the top of the upper anchor rod 48, filling the cracks in the top rock layer and the gap between the upper anchor rod 48 and the borehole wall. After the mortar solidifies, the upper anchor rod 48 and the surrounding rock layer form an integral whole.

[0059] The mortar box 471 is fixed to the rear end of the mobile vehicle body 1 by welding, screwing, or snapping, which makes the center of gravity of the grouting component 47 close to the rear of the vehicle body. This is beneficial to the overall stability of the mobile vehicle body 1 during movement and also makes it easier for operators to add mortar material at the rear of the vehicle body. The mud pump 472 is fixed above the mortar box 471, which minimizes the suction pipe between the pump body and the mortar box 471, reduces suction resistance, and improves grouting efficiency and pumping stability. The mortar pipe 473 can be selectively connected to the bottom end of the upper anchor rod 48, so that the grouting process can be carried out after the upper anchor rod 48 has been drilled and stopped. This avoids the entanglement and sealing problems caused by the rotation of the mortar pipe 473 with the upper anchor rod 48, ensuring the reliability and sealing of the grouting process.

[0060] Furthermore, the roof reinforcement vehicle also includes a high-pressure water tank 5, a water pipe 6, and a lower drilling groove 7. The high-pressure water tank 5 is fixed between the reinforcement component 4 and the marking component 2 by welding, screwing, or snapping, and is located in the middle of the mobile vehicle body 1. One end of the water pipe 6 is connected to the high-pressure water tank 5. The mobile vehicle body 1 has a lower drilling groove 7 that runs vertically through it, located on one side of the high-pressure water tank 5. When the mobile vehicle body 1 moves to the area above the deformation zone of the floor slab, the other end of the water pipe 6 is extended downward through the lower drilling groove 7 into a pre-set borehole, so that the outlet of the water pipe 6 is located at the bottom of the borehole. The high-pressure water tank 5 is activated, and high-pressure water flows into the bottom of the borehole through the water pipe 6. High pressure accumulates at the bottom of the borehole. When the water pressure exceeds the tensile strength of the floor slab rock layer, cracks are generated in the rock layer. The water accumulated between the floor slab structural layers flows out through the newly generated cracks, effectively releasing the water pressure accumulated in the floor slab and alleviating the floor slab heave deformation. The layout of the high-pressure water tank 5, which is fixed between the reinforcement component 4 and the marking component 2, makes full use of the central space of the mobile vehicle 1, so that the pressure relief operation of the bottom plate and the inspection, marking and reinforcement of the top plate do not interfere with each other in space. At the same time, the water pipe 6 extends into the borehole through the lower drilling groove 7, so that the high-pressure water injection operation can be accurately applied to the deformation area of ​​the bottom plate, thereby reducing the impact of water pressure on the stability of the roadway structure from the root.

[0061] Example 2:

[0062] The difference between this embodiment and embodiment 1 is that a lower anchor rod is also sleeved on the rotating rod 45 in this embodiment, as detailed below.

[0063] In this embodiment, the upper and lower drilling slots 7 correspond vertically, and the lower anchor rod extends into the lower drilling slot 7 and can rotate along its own axis. Multiple drive telescopic components simultaneously descend the reinforcement platform 41, thereby allowing the lower anchor rod to pass through the lower drilling slot 7 and drill downwards into the deformation area of ​​the base plate, directly drilling holes in the deformation area without the need for pre-drilling by construction personnel. Once the lower anchor rod has drilled to a preset depth, the motor stops, the drive telescopic components stop descending, and the lower anchor rods remain stationary. At this time, the water pipe 6 of the high-pressure water tank 5 is connected to the top of the lower anchor rod, injecting high-pressure water into the bottom of the borehole in the base plate through the internal channel of the lower anchor rod, implementing water pressure fracturing to treat the deformation area of ​​the base plate.

[0064] In the description of this invention, it should be understood that the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of indicated technical features. Therefore, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of that feature. In the description of this invention, "a plurality of" means two or more, unless otherwise explicitly specified.

[0065] In this invention, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "installation," "connection," "linking," and "fixing," etc., should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral part; they can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; they can refer to the internal communication of two components or the interaction between two components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this invention according to the specific circumstances.

[0066] In this invention, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, "above" or "below" the second feature can mean that the first and second features are in direct contact, or that they are in indirect contact through an intermediate medium. Furthermore, "above," "over," or "on top" the second feature can mean that the first feature is directly above or diagonally above the second feature, or simply indicates that the first feature is at a higher horizontal level than the second feature. "Below," "below," or "beneath" the second feature can mean that the first feature is directly below or diagonally below the second feature, or simply indicates that the first feature is at a lower horizontal level than the second feature.

[0067] In the description of this specification, the terms "one embodiment," "some embodiments," "embodiment," "example," "specific example," or "some examples," etc., refer to specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics described in connection with that embodiment or example, which are included in at least one embodiment or example of the present invention. In this specification, the illustrative expressions of the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in one or more embodiments or examples. Moreover, without contradiction, those skilled in the art can combine and integrate the different embodiments or examples described in this specification, as well as the features of different embodiments or examples.

[0068] Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described above, it is understood that the above embodiments are exemplary and should not be construed as limiting the present invention. Those skilled in the art can make modifications, alterations, substitutions and variations to the above embodiments within the scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A roof reinforcement vehicle for underground coal mines, characterized in that, include: The mobile vehicle body (1), the marking component (2), the laser rangefinder component (3), and the reinforcement component (4); The laser ranging component (3) is fixed in front of the marking component (2). The marking component (2) and the reinforcement component (4) are fixed to the mobile vehicle body (1) in the front-rear direction, respectively, so that when the mobile vehicle body (1) moves forward in the coal mine, the laser ranging component (3) can detect the deformation area of ​​the top plate and the bottom plate along the way, the marking component (2) can mark the detected deformation area, and the reinforcement component (4) can reinforce the marked top plate.

2. The roof reinforcement vehicle for underground coal mines as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The marking assembly (2) includes a first slide rail (21), a first electric slider (22), an electric telescopic rod (23), a pigment box (24), an upper nozzle (25), and a lower nozzle (26). The first electric slider (22) is slidably connected to the first slide rail (21) in the left and right direction. The electric telescopic rod (23) is supported above the first electric slider (22). The upper nozzle (25) is fixed to the top of the electric telescopic rod (23). The lower nozzle (26) is fixed to the bottom of the first electric slider (22). The pigment box (24) is located behind the first electric slider (22) and fixed to the moving vehicle body (1). The pigment box (24) is connected to the upper nozzle (25) and the lower nozzle (26) respectively.

3. The roof reinforcement vehicle for underground coal mines as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The laser ranging component (3) includes an upper ranging box (31) and a lower ranging box (32), which are symmetrically fixed to the upper and lower sides of the marking component (2).

4. The roof reinforcement vehicle for underground coal mines as described in claim 2, characterized in that: The marking component (2) also includes a first telescopic tube (27) and a second telescopic tube (28); The first telescopic tube (27) passes through the first electric slider (22) in the vertical direction and is connected to the upper nozzle (25) and the lower nozzle (26), so that the first telescopic tube (27) can extend and retract as the electric telescopic rod (23) extends and retracts in the vertical direction; The second telescopic tube (28) is made of flexible material. The second telescopic tube (28) extends in the front-to-back direction and is connected to the first telescopic tube (27) and the pigment box (24) respectively, so that the second telescopic tube (28) can deform as the first electric slider (22) slides in the left-to-right direction, so that the pigment in the pigment box (24) enters the upper nozzle (25) and the lower nozzle (26) respectively through the second telescopic tube (28) and the first telescopic tube (27).

5. The roof reinforcement vehicle for underground coal mines as described in claim 2, characterized in that: The marking component (2) also includes a console located on the mobile vehicle body (1), and the laser ranging component (3), the electric telescopic rod (23) and the first electric slider (22) are respectively connected to the console. The console receives data transmitted by the laser ranging component (3) and controls the movement of the electric telescopic rod (23) and the first electric slider (22).

6. The roof reinforcement vehicle for underground coal mines as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The reinforcement component (4) includes a reinforcement platform (41), multiple drive telescopic components, a mounting base (42), a motor base (43), a transmission rod (44), a rotating rod (45), a transmission component (46), a grouting component (47), and an upper anchor rod (48). Multiple drive telescopic components are supported between the mobile vehicle body (1) and the reinforcement platform (41), and the reinforcement platform (41) is fixed to the top of the drive telescopic component. The mounting base (42) is fixed on the reinforcement platform (41). The mounting base (42) has a second electric slide groove (421) extending in the left and right direction. The motor base (43) is provided with a motor, and the motor base (43) and the second electric slide groove (421) are slidably connected in the left and right direction. The motor is driven by the transmission rod (44), the transmission rod (44) is driven by the transmission assembly (46), the rotating rod (45) extends in the vertical direction and is driven by the transmission assembly (46), the transmission assembly (46) is driven by the rotating rod (45), the rotating rod (45) extends in the vertical direction and is sleeved on the upper anchor rod (48), and the grouting assembly (47) is optionally connected to the bottom end of the upper anchor rod (48).

7. The roof reinforcement vehicle for underground coal mines as described in claim 6, characterized in that: The transmission assembly (46) includes a slide (461), a first transmission gear (462), and a second transmission gear (463). The reinforcing platform (41) has an upper drill groove corresponding to the slide (461); The first transmission gear (462) and the second transmission gear (463) are located inside the slide (461). The rotating rod (45) passes through the slide (461) and the upper drill groove in the up-down direction and is rotatably connected to the slide (461). The slide (461) and the upper drill groove are slidably connected in the left-right direction. The first transmission gear (462) is fixed to the end of the transmission rod (44) away from the motor base (43). The second transmission gear (463) is perpendicular to the first transmission gear (462) and the two mesh with each other. The second transmission gear (463) is sleeved on the rotating rod (45). The grouting assembly (47) can selectively connect to the bottom end of the upper anchor rod (48) so that when the upper anchor rod (48) rotates and penetrates into the top plate, the grouting assembly (47) is connected to the upper anchor rod (48) to perform grouting.

8. The roof reinforcement vehicle for underground coal mines as described in claim 6, characterized in that: The reinforcement component (4) also includes a connecting plate (422) and a light panel (423) for illuminating the deformed area. The connecting plate (422) is fixedly connected to the top of the mounting base (42), and the lamp plate (423) is rotatably connected to the connecting plate (422).

9. The roof reinforcement vehicle for underground coal mines as described in claim 7, characterized in that: The grouting assembly (47) includes a mortar box (471), a mud pump (472), and a mortar pipe (473). The mortar box (471) is fixed to the rear end of the mobile vehicle body (1), the mud pump (472) is fixed above the mortar box (471), one end of the mortar pipe (473) is connected to the mud pump (472), and the other end of the mortar pipe (473) is optionally connected to the bottom end of the upper anchor rod (48).

10. The roof reinforcement vehicle for underground coal mines as described in claim 7, characterized in that: The roof reinforcement vehicle also includes a high-pressure water tank (5), water pipes (6), and a lower drilling trench (7); The high-pressure water tank (5) is fixed between the reinforcement component (4) and the marking component (2). One end of the water pipe (6) is connected to the high-pressure water tank (5). The lower drilling groove (7) penetrates the mobile vehicle body (1) in the vertical direction so that the other end of the water pipe (6) can extend into the pre-set drill hole in the deformation area of ​​the bottom plate through the lower drilling groove (7) to treat the deformation area of ​​the bottom plate by water pressure cracking.

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