Piston assembly for a shock absorber

Abstract

This invention discloses a piston assembly for a shock absorber, comprising a piston body, an inner adjusting ring, an outer adjusting ring, and an elastic locking assembly. By providing an inner and outer guide passage on the piston ring, and rotatable inner and outer adjusting rings at both ends of the piston ring, the alternating fit of the inner adjusting hole and the inner guide passage forms an adjustable compression port, and the alternating fit of the outer adjusting hole and the outer guide passage forms an adjustable return port. Simultaneously, the elastic locking assembly circumferentially locks the adjusting rings, achieving independent, stepless adjustment of compression damping and recovery damping. Furthermore, the adjusted position is stable and reliable, solving the technical problems of poor versatility, high production costs, and unadjustable damping characteristics in existing piston assemblies due to fixed damping holes.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of piston assembly technology, specifically to a piston assembly for a shock absorber. Background Technology

[0002] In a vehicle suspension system, the shock absorber is a key component ensuring ride comfort and handling stability. As the core component of the shock absorber, the piston assembly's damping characteristics directly determine its performance. The piston assembly typically includes the piston body and damping orifices on it. When the shock absorber is working, fluid flows through the damping orifices, generating damping force and thus dissipating vibration energy.

[0003] In practical applications, different vehicle models and suspension structures have varying requirements for the damping characteristics of shock absorbers. To meet these requirements, existing technologies typically employ a customized design approach. This involves drilling damping holes of appropriate diameters into the piston body according to the specific product's performance requirements, and precisely adjusting the damping force by changing the flow area of ​​the damping holes. However, this design approach has significant technical drawbacks: First, each product requires a specially designed and machined matching damping hole, resulting in extremely poor versatility of the piston assembly and making it impossible to interchangeable between shock absorbers of different specifications. Second, customized production increases costs associated with mold investment, processing steps, and inventory management, especially in multi-variety, small-batch production models. Third, once the damping hole is machined, its damping characteristics are fixed and cannot be adjusted according to actual operating conditions or performance tuning needs, limiting the flexibility of shock absorber performance optimization.

[0004] Therefore, how to design a piston assembly that is highly versatile, has adjustable damping, and can be reliably locked after adjustment, in order to reduce production costs, improve product adaptability, and facilitate performance debugging, has become a technical problem that urgently needs to be solved in this field. Summary of the Invention

[0005] To address the problems existing in the prior art, a piston assembly for a shock absorber is provided. By setting an inner guide passage and an outer guide passage on the plug ring, and setting a rotatable inner adjusting ring and an outer adjusting ring at both ends of the plug ring, the alternating fit of the inner adjusting hole and the inner guide passage forms an adjustable compression port, and the alternating fit of the outer adjusting hole and the outer guide passage forms an adjustable return port. At the same time, an elastic locking component is set to circumferentially lock the adjusting rings, realizing independent and stepless adjustment of compression damping and recovery damping, and the position is stable and reliable after adjustment. This solves the technical problems of poor versatility, high production cost, and inability to adjust damping characteristics caused by the fixed opening of damping holes in the existing piston assembly.

[0006] To address the problems of existing technologies, this invention provides a piston assembly for a shock absorber, comprising: a piston body, including a piston cylinder and a piston ring coaxially disposed within the piston cylinder, wherein the piston ring has an inner guide passage and an outer guide passage distributed circumferentially thereon; an inner adjusting ring and an outer adjusting ring, respectively coaxially and rotatably disposed at both ends of the piston ring, wherein the inner adjusting ring has an inner adjusting hole and an inner direct connecting hole, the inner adjusting hole and one end of the inner guide passage being staggered to form a compression port with an adjustable diameter, and the inner direct connecting hole always remaining connected to one end of the outer guide passage when the inner adjusting ring rotates; the outer adjusting ring has an outer adjusting hole and an outer direct connecting hole. The outer adjusting hole and one end of the outer guiding passage are staggered to form a return port with an adjustable diameter. When the outer adjusting ring rotates, the outer direct connecting hole always remains connected to one end of the inner guiding passage. Two elastic locking components are provided, located between the outer circumference of the inner adjusting ring and the inner circumference of the plug cylinder, respectively, and between the outer circumference of the outer adjusting ring and the inner circumference of the plug cylinder. They are used to lock the circumferential position of the inner adjusting ring and the outer adjusting ring without external force, and allow the inner adjusting ring or the outer adjusting ring to rotate relative to the plug ring when the force applied to the inner adjusting ring or the outer adjusting ring exceeds the locking force of the elastic locking component.

[0007] Preferably, the inner wall of the plug cylinder is provided with an annular mounting groove, which extends axially along the plug cylinder; a driven ring is provided on the outer periphery of the inner adjusting ring, the driven ring is rotatably disposed in the annular mounting groove, one end of the driven ring is provided with a rack distributed circumferentially thereon, and the elastic locking assembly includes: a locking ring, which is coaxially and slidably disposed in the annular mounting groove, one end of which is provided with a toothed groove that meshes with the rack; and an elastic element, which is disposed between the locking ring and the end wall of the annular mounting groove.

[0008] Preferably, the inner wall of the annular mounting groove is provided with a limiting groove extending along its axial direction, and the outer periphery of the locking ring is provided with a limiting block, which extends into the limiting groove and slides therewith.

[0009] Preferably, a positioning cylinder is provided on the inner circumference of the plug cylinder, and one end of the positioning cylinder forms the end wall of the annular mounting groove.

[0010] Preferably, the plug ring has a squeezing end for squeezing oil and a resetting end for oil return, the inner adjusting ring is disposed at the squeezing end of the plug ring, and the outer adjusting ring is disposed at the resetting end of the plug ring.

[0011] Preferably, the contact surfaces of the inner adjusting ring and the plug ring, as well as the contact surfaces of the outer adjusting ring and the plug ring, are rough surfaces.

[0012] Preferably, the inner circumference of the plug ring is provided with an annular positioning groove; the inner ends of the inner adjusting ring and the outer adjusting ring are respectively provided with a fixing cylinder, one end of the fixing cylinder is provided with a conical positioning ring extending into the annular positioning groove, the outer circumference of the conical positioning ring is provided with a deformation groove distributed along its circumference, and the conical positioning ring is inserted into the annular positioning groove after radially contracting inward from the deformation groove.

[0013] Preferably, a first sealing ring is sleeved on the outer side of the fixed cylinder, the first sealing ring abuts against the conical positioning ring, the outer circumference of the first sealing ring is interference-fitted with the inner wall of the annular positioning groove, a pressure cavity is formed between the first sealing ring and the end wall of the annular positioning groove, and a connecting channel is provided on the plug ring to connect the inner guide passage and the pressure cavity.

[0014] Preferably, the positioning cylinder is threaded to the inner wall of the plug cylinder, and the inner wall of the positioning cylinder is provided with an operating groove.

[0015] Preferably, the inner circumference of the plug ring is further provided with a second sealing ring, which is interference-fitted with the outer circumference of the fixed cylinder.

[0016] The advantages of this application compared to the prior art are: This application achieves independent, stepless adjustment of compression damping and restoring damping through the rotational engagement of the inner and outer adjusting rings. The same piston assembly can adapt to the damping requirements of different vehicle models, greatly improving product versatility and reducing production costs and inventory pressure. The constant-flow engagement of the inner direct connection hole and the outer guide passage, as well as the constant-flow engagement of the outer direct connection hole and the inner guide passage, ensures that the adjustments of the compression port and the return port do not interfere with each other, resulting in high adjustment precision. This allows for independent adjustment of compression damping and restoring damping, meeting the differentiated damping characteristics required by the suspension system.

[0017] The elastic locking component automatically locks the adjusting ring without external force, preventing accidental displacement due to vibration or oil pressure fluctuations and ensuring long-term stability of the damping setting. Furthermore, adjustment only requires applying a torque exceeding the locking force for rotation, making operation simple. This structure integrates the damping adjustment function within the piston assembly, without altering the overall structure of the shock absorber, offering strong adaptability and facilitating upgrades to existing products. The adjustment mechanism is compact, occupying minimal axial and radial space, and does not interfere with the normal movement of the piston assembly within the shock absorber cylinder. Attached Figure Description

[0018] Figure 1 This is a perspective view of the piston assembly of a shock absorber according to the present invention from a first-view perspective.

[0019] Figure 2 This is a perspective view of the piston assembly of a shock absorber according to the present invention from a second perspective.

[0020] Figure 3 This is a side view of a piston assembly of a shock absorber according to the present invention.

[0021] Figure 4 This is a perspective sectional view of a piston assembly of a shock absorber according to the present invention.

[0022] Figure 5 yes Figure 3 A sectional view along the AA direction.

[0023] Figure 6 yes Figure 5 A magnified view of section B.

[0024] Figure 7 This is an exploded perspective view of the piston assembly of a shock absorber according to the present invention from a first-view perspective.

[0025] Figure 8 This is an exploded perspective view of the inner adjusting ring and piston body in the piston assembly of a shock absorber according to the present invention.

[0026] Figure 9 This is an exploded perspective view of the piston assembly of a shock absorber according to the present invention from a second perspective.

[0027] Figure 10 yes Figure 9 A magnified view of a portion of point C.

[0028] The following are the labels in the diagram: 11. Plug cylinder; 111. Annular mounting groove; 1111. Limiting groove; 12. Plug ring; 121. Inner guide passage; 122. Outer guide passage; 123. Annular positioning groove; 124. Connecting channel; 13. Positioning cylinder; 131. Operating groove; 14. Second sealing ring; 2. Inner adjusting ring; 21. Inner adjusting hole; 22. Inner direct connection hole; 23. Driven ring; 24. Fixed cylinder; 25. Conical positioning ring; 251. Deformation groove; 26. First sealing ring; 27. Pressure chamber; 3. Outer adjusting ring; 31. Outer adjusting hole; 32. Outer direct connection hole; 4. Elastic locking assembly; 41. Locking ring; 411. Limiting block; 42. Elastic element. Detailed Implementation

[0029] To further understand the features, technical means, and specific objectives and functions achieved by the present invention, the present invention will be described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0030] like Figures 1 to 5As shown, a piston assembly for a shock absorber includes: a piston body, including a piston cylinder 11 and a piston ring 12 coaxially disposed within the piston cylinder 11, wherein the piston ring 12 has an inner guide passage 121 and an outer guide passage 122 distributed circumferentially thereon; an inner adjusting ring 2 and an outer adjusting ring 3, respectively coaxially and rotatably disposed at both ends of the piston ring 12; the inner adjusting ring 2 has an inner adjusting hole 21 and an inner direct connection hole 22, wherein the inner adjusting hole 21 and one end of the inner guide passage 121 are staggered to form a compression port with an adjustable diameter; when the inner adjusting ring 2 rotates, the inner direct connection hole 22 always remains connected to one end of the outer guide passage 122; the outer adjusting ring 3 has an outer adjusting hole 31 and an outer direct connection hole 32. The outer adjusting hole 31 and one end of the outer guiding passage 122 are staggered to form a return port with an adjustable diameter. When the outer adjusting ring 3 rotates, the outer direct connecting hole 32 always remains connected to one end of the inner guiding passage 121. There are two elastic locking components 4, located between the outer periphery of the inner adjusting ring 2 and the inner periphery of the plug cylinder 11, and between the outer periphery of the outer adjusting ring 3 and the inner periphery of the plug cylinder 11, respectively. They are used to lock the circumferential position of the inner adjusting ring 2 and the outer adjusting ring 3 without external force. When the force applied to the inner adjusting ring 2 or the outer adjusting ring 3 exceeds the locking force of the elastic locking component 4, the inner adjusting ring 2 or the outer adjusting ring 3 is allowed to rotate relative to the plug ring 12.

[0031] According to the required damping characteristics, rotate the inner adjusting ring 2 and the outer adjusting ring 3 respectively. When rotating the inner adjusting ring 2, the relative position of the inner adjusting hole 21 and the inner guide passage 121 changes, and the overlapping area between them changes accordingly, thereby adjusting the effective flow area of ​​the compression port and realizing continuous adjustment of the compression damping force.

[0032] When the outer adjusting ring 3 is rotated, the relative position of the outer adjusting hole 31 and the outer guide passage 122 changes, adjusting the effective flow area of ​​the return port and achieving continuous adjustment of the restoring damping force. During the rotation of the inner adjusting ring 2 and the outer adjusting ring 3, the inner direct connection hole 22 always remains connected to the outer guide passage 122, and the outer direct connection hole 32 always remains connected to the inner guide passage 121, so that the adjustment of the compression port and the return port are independent of each other and do not affect each other. After the adjustment is in place, the elastic locking component 4 generates a locking force to lock the adjusting ring in the current circumferential position, preventing the adjusting ring from rotating accidentally due to vehicle vibration or oil pressure fluctuations. When readjustment is required, a rotational torque exceeding the locking force is applied to overcome the locking force of the elastic locking component 4, and the adjusting ring can be rotated again.

[0033] like Figures 5 to 8As shown, the inner wall of the plug cylinder 11 is provided with an annular mounting groove 111, which extends along the axial direction of the plug cylinder 11; a driven ring 23 is provided on the outer periphery of the inner adjusting ring 2, which is rotatably disposed in the annular mounting groove 111, and a rack distributed circumferentially on one end of the driven ring 23; the elastic locking assembly 4 includes: a locking ring 41, which is coaxially and slidably disposed in the annular mounting groove 111, and a toothed groove that meshes with the rack on one end; and an elastic element 42, which is disposed between the locking ring 41 and the end wall of the annular mounting groove 111.

[0034] The preload of the elastic element 42 pushes the locking ring 41 to slide axially along the annular mounting groove 111, causing the toothed groove at its end to mesh tightly with the rack at the end of the driven ring 23. Without external force, the meshing of the toothed groove and the rack generates a circumferential locking force, preventing the driven ring 23 and the inner adjusting ring 2 fixed thereto from rotating. When damping adjustment is required, the operator applies a circumferential rotational torque to the inner adjusting ring 2. This torque is transmitted through the driven ring 23 to the meshing surface of the rack and toothed groove, generating an axial component force. When this axial component force exceeds the preload of the elastic element 42, the locking ring 41 is axially pushed open, the toothed groove and rack disengage, and the driven ring 23 and the inner adjusting ring 2 can rotate freely. After adjustment, the rotational torque is removed, the elastic element 42 pushes the locking ring 41 back to its original position, and the toothed groove and rack re-engage, achieving automatic locking.

[0035] The meshing structure of the rack and pinion provides discrete, positional locking, offering a clear tactile feel during adjustment. Operators can perceive the damping changes at each position, facilitating precise calibration. The preload of the elastic element 42 determines the locking force. By selecting elastic elements 42 with different elastic coefficients or adjusting the preload, the locking torque can be flexibly set to meet the needs of different application scenarios. The meshing of the rack and pinion is a surface contact, ensuring reliable locking and preventing loosening under vibration loads, thus guaranteeing the long-term stability of the damping setting. This structure integrates axial preload and circumferential locking functions into a compact design. The annular mounting groove 111 serves both as a rotational support for the driven ring 23 and a sliding guide for the locking ring 41, maximizing space utilization.

[0036] like Figure 5 As shown, the inner wall of the annular mounting groove 111 is provided with a limiting groove 1111 extending along its axial direction, and the outer periphery of the locking ring 41 is provided with a limiting block 411, which extends into the limiting groove 1111 and slides therewith.

[0037] When the elastic element 42 pushes the locking ring 41 to slide axially or the adjusting ring rotates to generate a circumferential force on the driven ring 23, the engagement between the limiting block 411 and the limiting groove 1111 restricts the circumferential freedom of the locking ring 41, allowing it to move only axially and preventing it from rotating relative to the annular mounting groove 111. This ensures that the toothed groove at the end of the locking ring 41 is always circumferentially aligned with the rack at the end of the driven ring 23, and can reliably mesh at any axial position.

[0038] The engagement of the limiting groove 1111 and the limiting block 411 achieves circumferential positioning of the locking ring 41, preventing accidental rotation under the action of the elastic element 42 or the influence of the frictional force of the driven ring 23, and ensuring precise alignment of the tooth groove and the rack. This structure allows the locking ring 41 to slide only axially, with a unique movement trajectory, avoiding misalignment and jamming of the tooth groove and rack caused by circumferential deflection, thus improving the reliability of the locking assembly. The sliding engagement of the limiting block 411 and the limiting groove 1111 also serves as a guide, making the axial movement of the locking ring 41 smoother and reducing frictional resistance caused by misalignment. The limiting groove 1111 extends axially along the annular mounting groove 111, providing full-range guidance for the locking ring 41, ensuring that it maintains circumferential positioning throughout its entire axial travel range.

[0039] like Figure 5 and Figure 7 As shown, a positioning cylinder 13 is provided on the inner circumference of the plug cylinder 11, and one end of the positioning cylinder 13 forms the end wall of the annular mounting groove 111.

[0040] As a component independent of the plug cylinder 11, the positioning cylinder 13, together with the bottom wall of the annular mounting groove 111, defines the installation space for the elastic element 42. One end of the elastic element 42 abuts against the locking ring 41, and the other end abuts against the end face of the positioning cylinder 13, maintaining a compressed state under the action of axial preload. The end wall of the positioning cylinder 13 provides a flat and vertical abutment surface for the elastic element 42, ensuring that the axial force of the elastic element 42 is evenly applied to the locking ring 41.

[0041] The positioning cylinder 13 provides a precise axial positioning reference for the elastic element 42, ensuring the consistency and stability of the preload of the elastic element 42 and avoiding uneven load or local stress concentration caused by uneven end walls. The positioning cylinder 13 structure can be independently machined as needed and then assembled with the plug cylinder 11, which reduces the overall machining difficulty of the annular mounting groove 111 and improves the manufacturing yield.

[0042] like Figure 4 As shown, the plug ring 12 has a squeezing end for squeezing oil and a resetting end for oil reflux. The inner adjusting ring 2 is disposed at the squeezing end of the plug ring 12, and the outer adjusting ring 3 is disposed at the resetting end of the plug ring 12.

[0043] During the compression stroke, the oil is squeezed by the extrusion end of the plug ring 12 and flows through the compression port formed by the inner regulating hole 21 and the inner guide passage 121, generating a damping force. Since the inner regulating ring 2 is located at the extrusion end, the oil pressure mainly acts on the end face of the plug ring 12 rather than the inner end face of the inner regulating ring 2, preventing high-pressure oil from directly impacting the inner end face of the inner regulating ring 2 and causing axial deformation or warping. During the recovery stroke, the oil flows back from the reset end, flowing through the return port formed by the outer regulating hole 31 and the outer guide passage 122. The outer regulating ring 3 is located at the reset end, similarly preventing the oil pressure from directly acting on the inner end face of the outer regulating ring 3. The connection between the inner direct connection hole 22 and the outer guide passage 122, as well as the connection between the outer direct connection hole 32 and the inner guide passage 121, are both located inside the plug ring 12, ensuring that the oil flow path does not directly impact the end face of the regulating ring.

[0044] The inner adjusting ring 2 is located at the extrusion end, and the outer adjusting ring 3 is located at the reset end. This design ensures that the inner ends of the inner adjusting ring 2 and the outer adjusting ring 3 are protected from the area directly affected by the oil pressure, significantly reducing the axial load on the adjusting rings and preventing them from undergoing plastic deformation or warping due to long-term pressure. The reduced deformation of the inner adjusting ring 2 and the outer adjusting ring 3 ensures stable clearance between the inner adjusting hole 21 and the inner guide passage 121, and between the outer adjusting hole 31 and the outer guide passage 122, thereby improving the accuracy and repeatability of the damping adjustment.

[0045] like Figures 8 to 10 As shown, the contact surfaces of the inner adjusting ring 2 and the plug ring 12, as well as the contact surfaces of the outer adjusting ring 3 and the plug ring 12, are all rough surfaces.

[0046] The inner adjusting ring 2 and the outer adjusting ring 3 abut against the two ends of the plug ring 12, respectively, and the contact surfaces between them are roughened surfaces. During the operation of the shock absorber, the oil pressure acts on the end face of the adjusting ring to generate an axial thrust, which causes the contact surfaces of the adjusting ring and the plug ring 12 to press against each other. The microscopic protrusions between the roughened surfaces interlock, generating a large frictional resistance, which effectively prevents the adjusting ring from rotating unexpectedly relative to the plug ring 12 under vibration or pressure fluctuations. When it is necessary to adjust the damping, the applied rotational torque must first overcome this frictional resistance before it can drive the adjusting ring to rotate.

[0047] The frictional resistance between the rough surfaces and the elastic locking component 4 form a dual anti-loosening mechanism. Even if the elastic locking component 4 experiences fatigue or wear due to long-term use, the rough surfaces can still provide reliable frictional locking, preventing the adjusting ring from rotating accidentally. The greater the oil pressure, the greater the clamping force between the adjusting ring and the plug ring 12, and the greater the frictional resistance, thus achieving a positive feedback self-locking effect where the greater the pressure, the more reliable the locking.

[0048] like Figure 6 and Figure 10As shown, the inner circumference of the plug ring 12 is provided with an annular positioning groove 123; the inner ends of the inner adjusting ring 2 and the outer adjusting ring 3 are respectively provided with a fixing cylinder 24, one end of the fixing cylinder 24 is provided with a conical positioning ring 25 extending into the annular positioning groove 123, the outer circumference of the conical positioning ring 25 is provided with a deformation groove 251 distributed along its circumference, and the conical positioning ring 25 is inserted into the annular positioning groove 123 after radially contracting inward from the deformation groove 251.

[0049] During assembly, the conical positioning ring 25 is compressed radially inward, narrowing the deformation groove 251 and reducing the overall outer diameter of the conical positioning ring 25, allowing it to smoothly insert into the annular positioning groove 123. After release, the conical positioning ring 25 expands radially under its own elasticity, increasing its outer diameter and forming an interference fit with the inner wall of the annular positioning groove 123, achieving radial positioning and axial limiting of the inner circumference of the adjusting ring. When the shock absorber is working, the oil pressure acts on the end faces of the inner adjusting ring 2 and the outer adjusting ring 3. The fitting structure of the conical positioning ring 25 and the annular positioning groove 123 bears the axial thrust, preventing the adjusting ring from loosening towards the plug ring 12. The presence of the deformation groove 251 gives the conical positioning ring 25 a certain elastic compensation capability, allowing it to maintain close contact with the annular positioning groove 123 even with minor wear during long-term use.

[0050] like Figure 6 As shown, a first sealing ring 26 is sleeved on the outer side of the fixed cylinder 24. The first sealing ring 26 abuts against the conical positioning ring 25. The outer periphery of the first sealing ring 26 is press-fitted with the inner wall of the annular positioning groove 123. A pressure cavity 27 is formed between the first sealing ring 26 and the end wall of the annular positioning groove 123. The plug ring 12 is provided with a connecting channel 124 that connects the inner guide passage 121 and the pressure cavity 27.

[0051] During assembly, the conical positioning ring 25 is radially contracted inward, reducing its outer diameter before being inserted into the annular positioning groove 123. After release, the conical positioning ring 25 elastically resets, its outer diameter increases, and it forms an interference fit with the inner wall of the annular positioning groove 123, achieving initial positioning of the inner circumferences of the inner adjusting ring 2 and the outer adjusting ring 3. When oil with a certain pressure is injected into the shock absorber, the oil fills the pressure chamber 27 through the inner guide passage 121 and the connecting hole 124 and acts on the first sealing ring 26 located on the outer circumference of the conical positioning ring 25. The first sealing ring 26 is tightened by the oil pressure, further pressing the conical positioning ring 25 against the inner wall of the annular positioning groove 123, forming a reliable radial lock. This inner circumferential locking structure cooperates with the outer circumferential locking structure of the elastic locking assembly 4 to constrain the position of the adjusting ring from both the inner and outer sides, preventing it from radially expanding or axially warping under the action of oil pressure.

[0052] The fitting of the conical positioning ring 25 with the annular positioning groove 123 provides a precise radial positioning reference for the inner circumference of the adjusting ring, ensuring that the adjusting ring and the plug ring 12 always remain coaxial, and guaranteeing the fitting accuracy of the inner adjusting hole 21 and the inner guide passage 121, and the outer adjusting hole 31 and the outer guide passage 122. The deformation groove 251 gives the conical positioning ring 25 a certain elastic deformation capacity, which facilitates shrinkage insertion during assembly and elastic reset after assembly to form an interference fit, ensuring both installation convenience and positioning reliability. The oil pressure acts on the first sealing ring 26, further pressing the conical positioning ring 25 into the annular positioning groove 123, realizing a positive feedback self-locking effect where the greater the pressure, the more reliable the locking, preventing the adjusting ring from deforming due to high-pressure oil. The inner circumference locking and the outer circumference locking form a double constraint, restricting the degree of freedom of the adjusting ring from both the inner and outer sides, effectively preventing the adjusting ring from radially expanding or axially warping under high-pressure conditions, and ensuring the stability and sealing of the damping adjustment.

[0053] like Figure 7 As shown, the positioning cylinder 13 is threadedly connected to the inner wall of the plug cylinder 11, and the inner wall of the positioning cylinder 13 is provided with an operating groove 131.

[0054] During assembly, the positioning cylinder 13 is screwed into the threaded hole on the inner wall of the plug cylinder 11. A tool is inserted into the operating groove 131 to rotate the positioning cylinder 13, adjusting its axial position within the plug cylinder 11. This changes the pre-compression of the elastic element 42 and sets the initial locking force of the elastic locking assembly 4. When it is necessary to replace the elastic element 42 or adjust the locking force, the positioning cylinder 13 is similarly unscrewed in the opposite direction through the operating groove 131 to remove the elastic element 42 for replacement or adjustment.

[0055] The threaded connection between the positioning cylinder 13 and the plug cylinder 11 enables stepless adjustment of the axial position of the positioning cylinder 13. By changing the screw depth of the positioning cylinder 13, the preload of the elastic element 42 can be precisely set, thereby adjusting the locking torque of the locking assembly to meet the needs of different damping adjustment feel. The operating groove 131 provides a convenient operating interface for the installation tool, eliminating the need to open complex splines or hexagonal holes on the end face of the positioning cylinder 13, simplifying the processing and not affecting the flatness of the end face of the positioning cylinder 13.

[0056] like Figure 6 As shown, a second sealing ring 14 is also provided on the inner circumference of the plug ring 12, and the second sealing ring 14 is interference-fitted with the outer circumference of the fixed cylinder 24.

[0057] When the shock absorber is filled with pressurized oil, there is a tendency for the oil to leak along the fit gap between the fixed cylinder 24 and the plug ring 12. The second sealing ring 14, under the interference fit, tightly adheres to the outer circumference of the fixed cylinder 24, blocking the leakage path and preventing high-pressure oil from seeping from the inner circumference of the adjusting ring into the chamber containing the adjusting mechanism. Simultaneously, the second sealing ring 14 and the first sealing ring 26 form a double sealing barrier, jointly preventing oil leakage from the outer circumference of the fixed cylinder 24 and the outer circumference of the conical positioning ring 25, ensuring that the oil flows only through the preset guide passage and adjusting hole, thus guaranteeing the accuracy and stability of the damping force.

[0058] The above embodiments only illustrate one or more implementations of the present invention, and their descriptions are relatively specific and detailed, but they should not be construed as limiting the scope of protection of the present invention. It should be noted that those skilled in the art can make various modifications and improvements without departing from the concept of the present invention, and these all fall within the scope of protection of the present invention. Therefore, the scope of protection of the present invention should be determined by the appended claims.

Claims

1. A piston assembly for a shock absorber, characterized in that, include: The piston body includes a piston cylinder and a piston ring coaxially disposed within the piston cylinder. The piston ring has an inner guide passage and an outer guide passage distributed along its circumference. An inner adjusting ring and an outer adjusting ring are coaxially and rotatably disposed at both ends of the plug ring. The inner adjusting ring has an inner adjusting hole and an inner direct connecting hole. The inner adjusting hole is staggered with one end of the inner guide passage to form a compression port with an adjustable diameter. When the inner adjusting ring rotates, the inner direct connecting hole always remains connected to one end of the outer guide passage. The outer adjusting ring has an outer adjusting hole and an outer direct connecting hole. The outer adjusting hole is staggered with one end of the outer guide passage to form a return port with an adjustable diameter. When the outer adjusting ring rotates, the outer direct connecting hole always remains connected to one end of the inner guide passage. Two elastic locking components are provided, located between the outer circumference of the inner adjusting ring and the inner circumference of the plug cylinder, and between the outer circumference of the outer adjusting ring and the inner circumference of the plug cylinder, respectively. They are used to lock the circumferential position of the inner adjusting ring and the outer adjusting ring without external force, and allow the inner adjusting ring or the outer adjusting ring to rotate relative to the plug ring when the force applied to the inner adjusting ring or the outer adjusting ring exceeds the locking force of the elastic locking component.

2. The piston assembly of a shock absorber according to claim 1, characterized in that, The inner wall of the plug cylinder is provided with an annular mounting groove, which extends axially along the plug cylinder; a driven ring is provided on the outer periphery of the inner adjusting ring, the driven ring being rotatably disposed within the annular mounting groove, and a rack distributed circumferentially on one end of the driven ring; the elastic locking assembly includes: A locking ring is slidably disposed coaxially in the annular mounting groove, and one end of the ring is provided with a toothed groove that meshes with the rack. An elastic element is disposed between the locking ring and the end wall of the annular mounting groove.

3. The piston assembly of a shock absorber according to claim 2, characterized in that, The inner wall of the annular mounting groove is provided with a limiting groove extending along its axial direction, and the outer periphery of the locking ring is provided with a limiting block, which extends into the limiting groove and slides therein.

4. The piston assembly of a shock absorber according to claim 2, characterized in that, A positioning cylinder is provided on the inner circumference of the plug cylinder, and one end of the positioning cylinder forms the end wall of the annular mounting groove.

5. A piston assembly for a shock absorber according to any one of claims 1-4, characterized in that, The plug ring has a squeezing end for squeezing oil and a resetting end for oil return. The inner adjusting ring is disposed at the squeezing end of the plug ring, and the outer adjusting ring is disposed at the resetting end of the plug ring.

6. A piston assembly for a shock absorber according to any one of claims 1-4, characterized in that, The contact surfaces of the inner adjusting ring and the plug ring, as well as the contact surfaces of the outer adjusting ring and the plug ring, are all rough surfaces.

7. A piston assembly for a shock absorber according to any one of claims 1-4, characterized in that, The inner circumference of the plug ring is provided with an annular positioning groove; the inner ends of the inner adjusting ring and the outer adjusting ring are respectively provided with a fixing cylinder, one end of the fixing cylinder is provided with a conical positioning ring extending into the annular positioning groove, the outer circumference of the conical positioning ring is provided with a deformation groove distributed along its circumference, and the conical positioning ring is inserted into the annular positioning groove after radially contracting inward from the deformation groove.

8. The piston assembly of a shock absorber according to claim 7, characterized in that, A first sealing ring is sleeved on the outer side of the fixed cylinder. The first sealing ring abuts against the conical positioning ring. The outer circumference of the first sealing ring is interference-fitted with the inner wall of the annular positioning groove. A pressure cavity is formed between the first sealing ring and the end wall of the annular positioning groove. A connecting channel is provided on the plug ring to connect the inner guide passage and the pressure cavity.

9. The piston assembly of a shock absorber according to claim 4, characterized in that, The positioning cylinder is threaded to the inner wall of the plug cylinder, and the inner wall of the positioning cylinder is provided with an operating groove.

10. The piston assembly of a shock absorber according to claim 7, characterized in that, The inner circumference of the plug ring is also provided with a second sealing ring, which is interference-fitted with the outer circumference of the fixed cylinder.

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