A live-line state sensing and prompting system applied to a power transmission line of a UAV

Abstract

This invention discloses a live-line status perception and prompting system for power transmission lines applied to unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs), comprising a multi-level live-line status identification module, a microcontroller control system, a visual over-distance prompting module, and a UAV operating platform. The multi-level live-line status identification module collects and processes electrical signals from the power transmission line, identifying normal energization, induced voltage, and de-energization. The microcontroller control system performs analog-to-digital conversion, logical judgment, and outputs control commands on the processed electrical signals. The visual over-distance prompting module outputs multi-modal alarm prompts based on the control commands. By using the multi-level live-line status identification module to stably convert the signal into a low-voltage pulsating signal, which is then sampled and digitally analyzed by the microcontroller control system, this system achieves, for the first time in the field of UAV voltage detection, accurate differentiation between normal energization, induced voltage, and de-energization, overcoming the limitation of traditional voltage detectors that can only identify energization and de-energization, and significantly reducing the risk of misjudgment.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of high-voltage electrical equipment detection technology, and in particular to a live-line sensing and alerting system for power transmission lines used by unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs). Background Technology

[0002] Live-line condition detection of transmission lines is a fundamental and crucial task in power system operation and maintenance. Accurately and promptly identifying whether a line is energized, inducedly energized, or de-energized is essential for ensuring the safety of inspection personnel and preventing major power grid accidents caused by misoperation. Traditional voltage testing methods rely primarily on manual handheld voltage detectors approaching or touching the line. This method is not only inefficient and labor-intensive but also poses significant safety risks to personnel in high-voltage and complex terrain environments. With the development of intelligent inspection technology, drones, due to their unique flexibility, efficiency, and safety, have been widely used in transmission line inspections. To enable drones to perform voltage testing, the industry has begun to explore mounting voltage testing devices on drone platforms. However, existing technical solutions have revealed many shortcomings in achieving this integration, failing to meet the actual needs of intelligent and highly reliable operations.

[0003] Current mainstream voltage detection technologies are mainly based on the principles of capacitive induction and electromagnetic detection. Core products include capacitive voltage detectors and traditional non-contact voltage detectors. Their core function is to determine whether a circuit is energized or de-energized to meet basic safety verification requirements. However, in practical applications, these devices have revealed significant technical shortcomings: First, state recognition is limited to a two-level judgment of "energized / de-energized," failing to distinguish between three key states: normal energization, induced voltage after a power outage, and complete de-energization. In high electromagnetic environments, misjudgment due to induced voltage can easily lead to accidental contact. Second, they lack intelligent control modules, relying on simple analog circuit triggering, resulting in poor adaptability to different voltage levels and difficulty in meeting the diverse detection needs of complex power environments. Third, the prompting methods are limited, relying solely on LED illumination or buzzer alarms, providing insufficient visualization and alerting strength, and failing to meet the operational needs of long-distance and complex environments. Fourth, their structural design is rigid, resulting in large size and weight and a lack of standardized installation interfaces, making them incompatible with new operating platforms such as drones, thus restricting operational efficiency and safety in scenarios such as high-altitude inspections. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of this invention is to overcome the shortcomings of the prior art and provide a power transmission line energization status perception and prompting system applicable to unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs).

[0005] The objective of this invention is achieved through the following technical solution: a live-line status perception and prompting system for power transmission lines applied to drones, comprising a multi-level live-line status identification module, a single-chip microcomputer control system, a visual over-distance prompting module, and a drone operation platform;

[0006] The multi-level energized status identification module is used to collect and process the electrical signals of the transmission line, and to identify normal energization, induced voltage, and no voltage.

[0007] The microcontroller control system is electrically connected to the multi-level live state identification module, which is used to perform analog-to-digital conversion, logical judgment and output control commands on the processed electrical signal;

[0008] The visual over-distance prompting module is electrically connected to the microcontroller control system and is used to output multimodal alarm prompts according to control commands.

[0009] The drone operation platform integrates and stably mounts a multi-level live status identification module, a microcontroller control system, and a visual over-distance prompting module onto the drone.

[0010] Preferably, the multi-level energized state identification module collects electrical signals through contact electrodes, and then processes them through voltage divider resistors for current limiting and voltage division, reverse parallel diodes for half-wave rectification, and PNP transistor common collector amplification circuit, before outputting a stable unidirectional pulsating signal to the microcontroller control system.

[0011] Preferably, the multi-level live state recognition module also includes a self-test button, which triggers circuit self-diagnosis when there is no external electrical signal to verify the integrity of the sampling and signal processing link.

[0012] Preferably, the microcontroller control system is based on the STM32F103C8 chip, which extracts voltage characteristics through the built-in 12-bit ADC analog-to-digital converter and determines the output status control signal.

[0013] Preferably, the visual over-distance prompting module drives three sets of sound and light alarm units (green, yellow, and red) according to instructions. When the line is in a state of no power, only the green indicator light is on and a sound alarm is emitted simultaneously. When the line is in a state of induced voltage, the yellow indicator light and the buzzer work in conjunction. When the line is in a state of power, the red high-brightness LED and the buzzer are triggered to provide a strong reminder output. When the line is in a state of no power, it remains off and silent.

[0014] The present invention has the following advantages: The present invention uses a multi-level charged state identification module to stably convert the signal into a low-voltage pulsating signal, and then the single-chip microcomputer control system performs sampling and digital analysis. For the first time in the field of UAV voltage detection, it can accurately distinguish between normal charged, induced charged and no charged states, which breaks through the limitation of traditional voltage detectors that can only identify charged and no charged, and significantly reduces the risk of misjudgment. Attached Figure Description

[0015] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the architecture of a power transmission line energization status awareness and prompting system for use by drones;

[0016] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the internal circuitry of a multi-level live state identification module.

[0017] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the internal circuitry of a microcontroller control system.

[0018] Figure 4 A schematic diagram of the internal circuitry of the over-distance warning module for visualization;

[0019] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of an unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) operating platform. Detailed Implementation

[0020] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. The components of the embodiments of the present invention described and shown in the accompanying drawings can generally be arranged and designed in various different configurations.

[0021] Therefore, the following detailed description of the embodiments of the invention provided in the accompanying drawings is not intended to limit the scope of the claimed invention, but merely to illustrate selected embodiments of the invention. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the invention without inventive effort are within the scope of protection of the invention.

[0022] It should be noted that, unless otherwise specified, the embodiments and features described in this invention can be combined with each other.

[0023] It should be noted that similar labels and letters in the following figures indicate similar items. Therefore, once an item is defined in one figure, it does not need to be further defined and explained in subsequent figures.

[0024] In the description of this invention, it should be noted that the terms "center," "upper," "lower," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "inner," and "outer," etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings, or the orientation or positional relationship commonly used when the product of this invention is in use, or the orientation or positional relationship commonly understood by those skilled in the art. They are only used for the convenience of describing this invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as a limitation of this invention. In addition, the terms "first," "second," etc., are only used to distinguish descriptions and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.

[0025] In the description of this invention, it should also be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "set," "install," "connect," and "link" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; they can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; and they can refer to the internal connection of two components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this invention based on the specific circumstances.

[0026] In this embodiment, as Figure 1 As shown, a power transmission line energization status perception and prompting system for use with drones includes a multi-level energization status recognition module, a microcontroller control system, a visual over-distance prompting module, and a drone operation platform.

[0027] The multi-level energized status identification module is used to collect and process the electrical signals of the transmission line, and to identify normal energization, induced voltage, and no voltage.

[0028] The microcontroller control system is electrically connected to the multi-level live state identification module, which is used to perform analog-to-digital conversion, logical judgment and output control commands on the processed electrical signal;

[0029] The visual over-distance prompting module is electrically connected to the microcontroller control system and is used to output multimodal alarm prompts according to control commands.

[0030] The drone operation platform integrates and stably mounts a multi-level live-state identification module, a microcontroller control system, and a visual over-distance warning module onto the drone. The multi-level live-state identification module stably converts the signal into a low-voltage pulsating signal, which is then sampled and digitally analyzed by the microcontroller control system. For the first time in the field of drone-based voltage testing, it accurately distinguishes between normal live, induced, and no-current states, overcoming the limitation of traditional voltage detectors that can only identify live and no-current states, significantly reducing the risk of misjudgment.

[0031] Furthermore, such as Figure 2As shown, the multi-stage energized state identification module collects electrical signals through contact electrodes. These signals are then processed by a voltage divider resistor for current limiting and voltage division, a reverse-parallel diode for half-wave rectification, and a PNP transistor common-collector amplification circuit. Finally, a stable unidirectional pulsating signal is output to the microcontroller control system. Specifically, this circuit samples the energized, induced, and de-energized states of the 110 kV and 330 kV high-voltage lines through contact electrodes connected to a resistor. The sampled signal is current-limited and voltage-divided by a high-power resistor to ensure safe amplitude reduction of the high-voltage signal. A reverse-parallel diode then performs half-wave rectification, converting the AC induced current into a unidirectional pulsating signal. The rectified signal is input to the common-collector amplification circuit. The amplification stage, composed of PNP transistors, achieves high input impedance and low output impedance voltage following, enhancing signal driving capability and isolating the sampling end from the control end. The processed electrical signal is stably transmitted to the microcontroller control system, which then determines the energized state of the line and responds with control logic.

[0032] Furthermore, the multi-level live state recognition module also includes a self-test button. This button triggers circuit self-diagnosis when there is no external electrical signal, verifying the integrity of the sampling and signal processing link. Specifically, the self-test button connected in parallel in the circuit can be manually triggered for testing when there is no external signal, verifying the reliability and response accuracy of subsequent circuit functions.

[0033] In this embodiment, as Figure 3 As shown, the microcontroller control system uses the STM32F103C8 chip as its core. It extracts voltage characteristics through a built-in 12-bit ADC analog-to-digital converter and determines the output state control signal. Specifically, the microcontroller control system uses the STM32F103C8 as its core to construct a minimum system circuit, including a reset module, a crystal oscillator module, and a microcontroller core circuit module. In the reset module, resistor R4 (10... ) and capacitor C5 (1 The system consists of a power-on reset circuit to ensure automatic reset upon power-on or in abnormal conditions, allowing the microcontroller to always start from a stable initial state and preventing program malfunctions. The crystal oscillator module comprises two oscillators: a main clock and a secondary clock. The main crystal oscillator X1 (8MHz) and its load capacitors C3 and C4 (25pF) provide the main frequency clock signal, ensuring high precision and timing stability during computation and control. The secondary crystal oscillator X2 (32.768kHz) and its load capacitors C1 and C2 (22pF) are used for real-time clock functionality, providing a low-frequency reference for timing detection and control logic. The microcontroller core circuit module is based on the STM32F103C8 chip, which integrates an ARM Cortex-M3 core, a 12-bit high-precision ADC analog-to-digital converter, a multi-channel GPIO interface, and various communication peripherals. Its ADC module performs analog-to-digital conversion of the sampled signal, extracts signal characteristics under different voltage conditions, and then the logic judgment module performs an OR operation on the signal to output a control level, providing the correct and rated trigger conditions for the alarm module. The system has the advantages of simple structure, rapid response and high stability. It can operate safely and reliably in high-voltage environments and realize intelligent identification and alarm control of energized, induced and de-energized states.

[0034] Furthermore, such as Figure 4As shown, the visual over-distance warning module drives three sets of audible and visual alarm units (green, yellow, and red) according to instructions. When the line is de-energized, only the green indicator light illuminates and an audible alarm sounds simultaneously. When the line is in an induced voltage state, the yellow indicator light and buzzer work in tandem. When the line is energized, a bright red LED and buzzer are triggered for a strong warning output. When the line is de-energized, it remains silent. Specifically, the visual over-distance warning module consists of a logic processing module and an alarm module. The logic processing module uses a multi-channel logic judgment circuit composed of 74LS00 NAND gates and 74LS32 OR gates to perform logical analysis on the three types of state signals: de-energized, induced voltage, and energized, and outputs the corresponding control level to the alarm module based on the state recognition result. The alarm module drives the three sets of audible and visual alarm units (green, yellow, and red) according to logic instructions to achieve long-range high-visibility warning in the UAV inspection environment. Specifically, when the line is de-energized, only the green indicator light illuminates and an audible alarm sounds simultaneously; when the line is in an induced voltage state, the yellow indicator light and buzzer sound simultaneously. The system operates in a coordinated manner. When the line is energized, a bright red LED and a buzzer are triggered to provide a strong alert. If the line is de-energized, i.e., there is no valid electrical signal input, the module remains silent and does not generate any prompts. During the system self-test, the logic processing module simultaneously enables the three types of status commands, causing the green, yellow, and red sound and light units to light up simultaneously and emit an audible alert. This verifies the integrity and reliability of the indicator lights, electroacoustic devices, and drive circuits, thereby realizing multi-color visual prompts and sound and light linkage alarms based on status levels. It features visibility in strong light environments, long-distance perception, and high reliability in complex scenarios.

[0035] Furthermore, such as Figure 5As shown, the UAV operation platform consists of four main parts: UAV connecting shaft, telescopic insulating rod, voltage detector body and contact electrode. The modules work together to realize the live detection and signal transmission of high-voltage lines. The drone connection hinge serves as the interface for connecting to the drone's robotic arm, enabling stable mechanical docking and supporting angle adjustment. This hinge allows for flexible adjustment based on the drone's attitude, facilitating remote inspection of high-voltage lines in the air and enhancing operational safety and flexibility. The telescopic insulating rod is made of high-strength composite insulating material with an anti-slip and dirt-resistant surface treatment, possessing excellent electrical insulation and mechanical strength. Its internal four-section telescopic structure meets the safety gap requirements for different voltage levels, including 110kV and 330kV, ensuring both lightweight design and adaptability to high-voltage inspection needs in various scenarios. The voltage detector's housing is made of flame-retardant engineering plastic and integrates multiple circuit modules, including signal sampling, signal processing, microcontroller control, display and alarm, and power management. This part receives electrode sampling signals, performs amplification, rectification, analog-to-digital conversion, and logical judgment, and outputs digital control signals to trigger audible and visual alarms. The contact electrodes, located at the front of the device, are made of highly conductive metal material and are specifically designed for contact sampling with high-voltage conductors or equipment to capture electric field-induced signals. They maintain good conductivity and anti-interference capabilities under high-voltage environments, ensuring accurate and stable signal sampling. In this embodiment, those skilled in the art can select different mechanical connection methods for the drone connection shaft according to the actual situation, such as: hinged connection: facilitates flexible angle adjustment and is suitable for complex space operations; screw connection: provides a stable structure and is suitable for high vibration and high intensity scenarios; quick-connect connection (pin connection): improves disassembly and assembly efficiency and facilitates quick replacement of different drones; magnetic connection: is suitable for light-load platforms and facilitates automated mounting.

[0036] Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art can still modify the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments or make equivalent substitutions for some of the technical features. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A power transmission line energization status sensing and alerting system for use with unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs), characterized in that: It includes a multi-level live status recognition module, a microcontroller control system, a visual over-distance warning module, and a drone operation platform; The multi-level energized status identification module is used to collect and process the electrical signals of the transmission line, and to identify normal energization, induced voltage, and no voltage. The microcontroller control system is electrically connected to the multi-level energized state identification module, and is used to perform analog-to-digital conversion, logical judgment and output control commands on the processed electrical signal; The visual over-distance prompting module is electrically connected to the microcontroller control system and is used to output multimodal alarm prompts according to control commands. The drone operation platform is used to integrate and stably mount the multi-level live status identification module, the microcontroller control system, and the visual over-distance prompting module on the drone.

2. The energized status sensing and prompting system for power transmission lines applied to UAVs according to claim 1, characterized in that: The multi-level energized state identification module collects electrical signals through contact electrodes, and then processes them through voltage divider resistors for current limiting and voltage division, reverse parallel diodes for half-wave rectification, and PNP transistor common collector amplification circuit, before outputting a stable unidirectional pulsating signal to the microcontroller control system.

3. The energized status sensing and prompting system for power transmission lines applied to UAVs according to claim 2, characterized in that: The multi-level live state identification module also includes a self-test button, which triggers circuit self-diagnosis when there is no external electrical signal to verify the integrity of the sampling and signal processing link.

4. The energized status sensing and prompting system for power transmission lines applied to UAVs according to claim 3, characterized in that: The microcontroller control system is based on the STM32F103C8 chip. It extracts voltage characteristics through the built-in 12-bit ADC analog-to-digital converter and determines the output status control signal.

5. The energized status sensing and prompting system for power transmission lines applied to UAVs according to claim 4, characterized in that: The visual over-distance prompting module drives three sets of sound and light alarm units (green, yellow, and red) according to instructions. When the line is de-energized, only the green indicator light illuminates and a sound alarm is emitted simultaneously. When the line is energized, the yellow indicator light and buzzer work in tandem. When the line is energized, the red high-brightness LED and buzzer are triggered to provide a strong reminder output. When the line is de-energized, it remains silent.

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