An adjustable frequency response microphone with integrated XLR and USB outputs

Abstract

This invention discloses an adjustable frequency response microphone integrating XLR and USB outputs, comprising a microphone body, a dynamic microphone driver, a passive filter, a pass-through / preamp circuit, an XLR XLR interface, a USB module, and a function control circuit. The passive filter employs an LC circuit structure, supporting three frequency modes: low-frequency cutoff, mid-frequency boost, and flat response, effectively filtering out ambient noise and enhancing vocal quality. The pass-through / preamp circuit offers both pass-through and preamp modes, with adjustable preamp gain to accommodate dynamic microphone drivers of varying sensitivities, and can be externally or internally powered by phantom power. The USB module integrates a Type-C interface and an audio chip, supporting analog-to-digital / digital-to-analog conversion, real-time headphone monitoring, and external power supply. The function control circuit integrates an encoder and a touch panel, enabling adjustments such as volume, mixing, and mute, and enhances the interactive experience with an RGB lighting module. This invention combines the advantages of professional XLR output with convenient USB output, making it suitable for professional recording, live streaming, gaming, and other scenarios.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of electroacoustic equipment technology, and more particularly to an adjustable frequency response microphone that integrates XLR and USB outputs. Background Technology

[0002] Currently, mainstream microphone products on the market are mainly divided into two categories: XLR microphones and USB microphones, which are relatively independent in terms of function and structure.

[0003] like Figure 1 As shown, XLR microphones typically use a dynamic microphone capsule as the core for audio-to-electrical conversion, with an XLR output interface. They require an XLR cable, an external sound card, or a mixing console to perform recordings or live performances. These microphones have high sound pressure level rejection, making them suitable for professional audio acquisition scenarios. However, they are highly dependent on supporting equipment, requiring users to invest in additional hardware such as sound cards or mixing consoles, resulting in higher costs and poor portability.

[0004] like Figure 2 As shown, a USB microphone consists of a dynamic microphone capsule, an audio amplifier circuit, a USB chip (responsible for analog-to-digital / digital-to-analog conversion), and a USB interface (such as Type-C). It requires no additional accessories and can be directly connected to devices such as computers and game consoles. While these microphones are convenient and inexpensive, their internal amplifier circuits have limited dynamic range and poor sound pressure level resistance, making them prone to audio distortion and unable to meet the high-quality requirements of professional recording.

[0005] The following defects are commonly found in two types of microphones and industry products:

[0006] Limited functionality: Most products in the industry are "single-output," either only supporting XLR output (requiring additional equipment, inconvenient for portable or entertainment use) or only supporting USB output (unable to meet the high-quality requirements of professional recording). Even the few products that combine USB and XLR functions lack core frequency response adjustment and microphone preamp gain optimization functions, failing to adapt to the different sound enhancement and sensitivity needs of various users.

[0007] XLR microphones have performance limitations: their dynamic microphones generally have low sensitivity (typically around -55dBV, some as low as -65dBV). If the power amplifier's amplification is insufficient, it can result in low volume, limited dynamic range, and poor sound quality. Furthermore, most XLR dynamic microphones lack preset frequency response control, making it impossible to enhance vocal quality based on the user's vocal characteristics (such as increasing brightness). They also lack filter control, making it easy to capture ambient noise in low-frequency noise environments (such as air conditioner or fan noise), increasing the difficulty of post-editing.

[0008] USB microphones have performance limitations: their internal amplification circuit design is simple, with limited dynamic range and low sound pressure level, making them prone to distortion in high-volume input scenarios (such as game shouting and live streaming); they also only support USB device connections and cannot be adapted to sound cards, mixing consoles, and other equipment commonly used in professional recording scenarios, resulting in weak functional expandability and versatility.

[0009] With technological advancements and improved living standards, market demand for microphones has shifted from "single-function" to "multi-functional integration and high-quality compatibility." Users need both the convenience of USB microphones (for home gaming and mobile recording) and the professionalism of XLR microphones (for home recording and studio work), creating an urgent need for integrated devices to meet both entertainment and professional requirements. With the rapid growth of industries like live-streaming e-commerce and game streaming, user demands for "sound enhancement" (such as mid-frequency boosting and low-frequency cutoff), "ease of operation" (such as volume adjustment and mute control), and "ambience creation" (such as RGB lighting effects) have significantly increased. From a cost and versatility perspective, existing solutions require users to purchase both XLR and USB microphones separately, resulting in high overall costs. Furthermore, XLR microphones are demanding in terms of power amplifiers (requiring high-gain amplifiers), limiting their versatility. Therefore, the market urgently needs integrated microphone products that are "low-cost, easy to match, and highly compatible." Summary of the Invention

[0010] In view of this, the present invention provides an adjustable frequency response microphone that integrates XLR and USB outputs, aiming to solve the problems of limited microphone function, non-adjustable frequency response, insufficient microphone preamp gain, limited applicable scenarios, and poor user experience in the prior art.

[0011] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention adopts the following technical solution:

[0012] An adjustable frequency response microphone integrating XLR and USB outputs highly integrates the traditionally independent XLR professional microphone circuitry and USB portable microphone circuitry into the same microphone body. Through a shared, adjustable passive filter and a flexible signal routing scheme, it achieves the fusion and enhancement of functionality and performance.

[0013] The microphone mainly includes: a microphone body, a dynamic microphone unit located inside it, a passive filter electrically connected to the microphone unit, a pass-through / preamplifier circuit electrically connected to the passive filter, an XLR connector electrically connected to the pass-through / preamplifier circuit, a USB module integrated into the main body, and a functional control circuit electrically connected to all the above components for collaborative management and status monitoring.

[0014] Furthermore, the passive filter employs a classic LC passive network structure, utilizing the impedance differences presented by inductors (L) and capacitors (C) to signals of different frequencies to achieve attenuation or boosting of specific frequency bands. This filter is intelligently controlled by a functional control circuit and can switch between at least three preset frequency response modes:

[0015] Low-frequency cutoff mode (high-pass filter): This mode, by configuring LC parameters, creates a high-impedance path for low-frequency signals, effectively filtering out low-frequency environmental noise (such as air conditioner operation noise and equipment vibration noise) in the 50Hz to 100Hz range. It prevents low-frequency noise from being recorded at the source, significantly improving recording purity and reducing the burden of post-audio processing.

[0016] Mid-Frequency Boost Mode: This mode utilizes the resonant characteristics of the LC circuit to specifically boost the core vocal frequency band (including speech clarity and brightness) from 1kHz to 3kHz. This makes the vocals stand out more clearly and penetratingly in mixed audio, achieving a natural "beautiful voice" based on hardware circuitry without relying on post-processing software.

[0017] Flat Response Mode: In this mode, the filter minimizes its impact on the frequency response of the audio signal, preserving the original, unmodified sound characteristics of the microphone unit to meet the needs of users who seek authentic sound quality or require professional post-processing.

[0018] Furthermore, the pass-through / preamp circuit integrates a gain-adjustable preamp unit and a mode switch for path selection. Its operating mode and principle are as follows:

[0019] Straight-through mode: This mode can be switched to when the connected dynamic microphone has high sensitivity (e.g., -52dBV) or when the downstream equipment provides sufficient gain. In this mode, the audio signal bypasses the microphone preamp unit directly after passing through a passive filter and is connected to the XLR output via a switch. This method has the shortest signal path, avoiding additional noise and distortion that may be introduced by the active amplifier circuit, and ensuring signal purity.

[0020] Microphone Preamp Mode: This mode can be enabled when using low-sensitivity microphone drivers (e.g., -64dBV) or when the power amplifier has limited gain. The signal, after passing through a passive filter, is routed to the microphone preamp unit for voltage amplification. The gain of the microphone preamp unit can be adjusted as needed, either through a simple few fixed gain switches or through continuous stepless adjustment using a potentiometer. To drive the microphone preamp circuitry, a phantom power supply of 12V to 48V is required. This power can be sourced from an external mixing console or sound card via an XLR input, or generated by the boost power module integrated within the microphone unit. This design significantly improves compatibility with microphone drivers of varying performance and reduces the user's reliance on expensive, high-gain power amplifiers.

[0021] Furthermore, the USB interface preferably uses the mainstream Type-C type, supporting reversible insertion and handling the acquisition of 5V DC power from external devices (such as computers and game consoles) and the establishment of a high-speed data channel. The core USB audio chip of the module performs two main tasks: first, it performs high-precision analog-to-digital conversion (ADC) on the analog audio signal from the microphone preamp, converting it into a digital audio stream for upload via USB; second, it performs digital-to-analog conversion (DAC) on the digital audio signal from the computer, restoring it to an analog signal. In addition, the module integrates an independent audio amplifier circuit specifically for amplifying the analog signal output from the DAC to drive monitoring headphones connected to the headphone jack, allowing users to monitor the real-time mixing of the microphone's input and the computer's playback sound.

[0022] Furthermore, to enhance user experience and device interactivity, this invention also integrates a lighting effect module. This module includes RGB multi-color lighting for creating ambiance, LED indicator lights for status indication, and a dedicated LED driver circuit. The driver circuit is directly controlled by the main chip in the function control circuit, enabling the lighting effects to intelligently synchronize with the device's operating status: for example, the light turns red and breathes slowly in silent mode, displays a constant blue light during recording, or changes color and flashing mode in sync with the sound rhythm in a gaming scenario. This not only improves the product's visual appeal and technological feel but also conveys device status information to the user through intuitive lighting language.

[0023] Furthermore, the function control circuit is composed of hardware operating components and a software-driven core main control chip. The operating components provide an intuitive human-machine interface, which can be a rotary stepless encoder for precise and continuous adjustment of volume or mixing ratio; or a capacitive touch control panel supporting functions such as mute and mode switching with a light touch. All user operation commands are received by the operating components and transmitted to the main control chip. The main chip runs control logic, responsible for parsing these commands and issuing control signals to the passive filter switch, the gain control terminal of the microphone preamp circuit, and the function registers of the USB audio chip, coordinating the orderly operation of the entire system.

[0024] Furthermore, to meet the trend towards wireless connectivity, this invention may optionally integrate a wireless transmission module. This module can be a general-purpose Bluetooth audio protocol module or a low-latency 2.4G proprietary wireless protocol module. The wireless transmission module is connected to the main control chip and can serve as an additional signal output method. Users can choose to wirelessly transmit microphone signals via this module to compatible receiving devices (such as computer USB receivers or mobile phones). Simultaneously, some advanced control commands (such as remote mute) can also be sent wirelessly, further freeing users from the constraints of connecting cables and expanding application scenarios.

[0025] Furthermore, to balance performance and cost, the microphone preamp unit can be constructed using discrete components, such as a pre-amplifier stage consisting of a transistor amplifier stage and a post-amplifier stage. The transistor amplifier stage (e.g., using a PNP transistor CMUT5087E) is responsible for the initial voltage amplification of the weak microphone signal; subsequently, the signal enters the emitter follower circuit composed of transistors. The emitter follower, with its high input impedance and low output impedance, provides excellent impedance transformation and buffering, effectively reducing the output impedance of the microphone preamp circuit. This not only enhances the signal's ability to drive long cables but also significantly improves the system's resistance to external electromagnetic interference, ensuring high signal quality whether output to an XLR interface or fed to a USB preamplifier circuit.

[0026] Furthermore, to achieve more precise frequency adjustment, the LC circuit of the passive filter can be designed with adjustable parameters. The function control circuit can control analog switches or relays to connect or disconnect capacitors of different capacitance values ​​and inductors of different inductance values, thereby changing the resonant frequency and Q value of the LC network. This allows the low-frequency cutoff frequency to be selected between several commonly used levels such as 50Hz, 80Hz, and 100Hz, while the mid-frequency boost gain can also be fine-tuned within the range of 3dB to 6dB, providing users with more personalized tonal customization capabilities.

[0027] Furthermore, to ensure stable and reliable operation of the device in complex USB power supply environments, the USB module also incorporates an overvoltage protection chip (such as the ETA7014S2G). This chip is connected in series between the VBUS power input of the USB interface and the internal power supply circuitry, acting like a smart switch. Once the input voltage is detected to exceed a preset safety threshold (typically 5.5V to 6.0V), it instantly cuts off the internal power supply, preventing damage to delicate downstream chips and circuits due to overvoltage. After overvoltage protection, the internal power supply circuitry also integrates a high-efficiency voltage regulator circuit, stabilizing the potentially fluctuating input voltage at a clean 5V, providing stable and clean energy to core components such as the USB audio chip and main control chip.

[0028] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0029] Multifunctional integration: By integrating an XLR interface and a USB module into the same microphone body, professional recording and convenient use are unified. Users do not need to purchase XLR microphones and USB microphones separately, which significantly reduces costs and improves the versatility and applicability of the device.

[0030] Adjustable frequency response: Through a passive filter (LC circuit) and its control circuit, multiple frequency response modes such as low-frequency cutoff, mid-frequency boost, and flat response are achieved, effectively filtering out low-frequency environmental noise, enhancing vocals, improving recording quality, and meeting the personalized needs of different users.

[0031] The microphone preamp gain is flexible and adjustable: the pass-through / preamp circuit supports switching between pass-through and preamp modes, and the preamp unit gain is adjustable, which can be adapted to dynamic microphone units with different sensitivities (such as high sensitivity -52dBV or low sensitivity -64dBV), solving the problem of traditional XLR microphones being highly dependent on power supply equipment and having poor versatility.

[0032] Ease of operation and enhanced user experience: The function control circuit integrates stepless encoders, touch control panels and other operation components, supporting convenient adjustment of functions such as microphone volume, headphone volume, mute, and mixing ratio; combined with the RGB ambient lighting module, it enhances the technological feel and gaming atmosphere of the device, improving the user experience and happiness index.

[0033] Highly expandable: Optional wireless transmission module (Bluetooth or 2.4G) supports wireless audio transmission and control, further expanding the device's application scenarios and flexibility.

[0034] Comprehensive circuit protection: The USB module has a built-in overvoltage protection chip and voltage regulator circuit, which effectively prevents damage to the internal circuit from external high voltage input, thus improving the reliability and service life of the device. Attached Figure Description

[0035] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention, the accompanying drawings used in the description of the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the accompanying drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0036] Figure 1 This is a block diagram illustrating the principle of a standard XLR microphone.

[0037] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the principle of a conventional dynamic USB microphone;

[0038] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the principle provided for an embodiment of the present invention;

[0039] Figure 4 , 5 6 and 7 are overall schematic diagrams provided in the embodiments of the present invention;

[0040] Figure 8 The USB interface and power supply schematic provided for embodiments of the present invention;

[0041] Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of a headphone amplifier circuit provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0042] Figure 10 This is a USB microphone preamplifier circuit provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0043] Figure 11 This is a schematic diagram of the main chip provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0044] Figure 12 A schematic diagram of the preamplifier circuit provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0045] Figure 13 This is a schematic diagram of a dynamic microphone circuit provided in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0046] The following are the labeling elements in the figure:

[0047] 1. Microphone grille; 2. USB cable; 3. Balanced XLR cable; 4. Ambient light guide; 5. Mounting bracket; 6. Frequency response switch; 7. XLR output pass-through switch; 8. XLR microphone preamp gain adjustment switch; 9. Continuously variable encoder; 10. Touch control panel.

[0048] The accompanying drawings have illustrated specific embodiments of the invention, which will be described in more detail below. These drawings and descriptions are not intended to limit the scope of the invention in any way, but rather to illustrate the concept of the invention to those skilled in the art through reference to particular embodiments. Detailed Implementation

[0049] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some, not all, of the embodiments of the present invention. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0050] To make the technical solutions and advantages of the present invention clearer, the embodiments of the present invention will be described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0051] As shown in Figures 1 to 13, this embodiment of the invention provides an adjustable frequency response microphone integrating XLR and USB outputs. The microphone body serves as the mounting carrier for all functional components, integrating a dynamic microphone driver, a passive filter, a pass-through / preamp circuit, an XLR XLR interface, a USB module, and a function control circuit. Externally, it includes a microphone grille 1, a USB cable 2, a balanced XLR cable 3, an ambient light guide 4, a mounting bracket 5, a frequency response switch 6, an XLR output pass-through switch 7, an XLR preamp gain adjustment button 8, a stepless encoder 9, and a touch control panel 10, among other operating and connection components. All components work together to achieve the integrated function of "professional XLR output + convenient USB output + adjustable frequency response".

[0052] The main body of the microphone is a dynamic microphone unit, which is encapsulated inside the microphone head 1. It can use a dynamic microphone head with conventional sensitivity (about -55dBV) or low sensitivity (about -64dBV). The conversion of sound signal to electrical signal is achieved by the voice coil vibrating in the magnetic field with the sound. The converted differential electrical signal (positive phase signal and negative phase signal) is directly output to the subsequent passive filter. The passive filter adopts a classic LC circuit structure, consisting of inductors and capacitors. It is connected between the dynamic microphone driver and the direct / preamp circuit, and is controlled by the main control chip in the function control circuit. Users can switch between three preset frequency response modes by pressing the frequency response switch button 6 on the microphone body. Specifically, when switched to the low-frequency cut-off mode, the LC circuit forms a high-impedance path for low-frequency signals of 50-100Hz through parameter configuration, which can effectively filter out low-frequency environmental noise such as air conditioner operation noise and equipment vibration noise, preventing noise from being recorded into the audio signal; when switched to the mid-frequency boost mode, the LC circuit uses its resonant characteristics to provide targeted gain to the core frequency band of human voice of 1-3kHz. This frequency band contains key components of speech clarity and brightness, achieving a natural "beautiful voice" effect through hardware circuitry without relying on software post-processing; when switched to the flat response mode, the LC... The circuit minimizes the impact on the frequency response of the audio signal, maintaining the original sound characteristics of the dynamic microphone unit. This meets the needs of users who pursue authentic sound quality or require professional post-processing. Furthermore, the function control circuit can switch between capacitors and inductors of different capacitance values ​​in the LC circuit by controlling analog switches or relays. This allows for fine-tuning of the low-frequency cutoff frequency (such as 50Hz, 80Hz, 100Hz) and mid-frequency boost gain (such as 3dB, 6dB), further adapting to the customized sound requirements of different users.

[0053] The differential electrical signal processed by the passive filter is transmitted to the pass-through / preamplifier circuit. This circuit integrates a mode switch and a gain-adjustable preamplifier unit. The mode switch corresponds to the XLR output pass-through switch 7 on the microphone body. Users can select the working mode according to the sensitivity of the dynamic microphone unit and the gain of the subsequent equipment. In pass-through mode, the signal bypasses the preamp unit and connects directly to the XLR connector via the mode switch. This mode offers the shortest signal transmission path, avoiding additional noise and distortion introduced by the active amplifier circuit. It is suitable for scenarios where the dynamic microphone has high sensitivity (e.g., -52dBV) or where the power supply (e.g., high-end sound cards, mixing consoles) provides sufficient gain. In preamp mode, the signal is routed to the preamp unit for voltage amplification. The gain of the preamp unit can be adjusted via the XLR preamp gain adjustment button 8, supporting two or more fixed gain levels or stepless precise adjustment via a potentiometer. To drive the preamp unit, a 12-48V phantom power supply is required. This power can be supplied to the XLR connector from an external sound card or mixing console via a balanced XLR cable 3, or generated by the boost power supply module integrated within the microphone body. This effectively adapts to the signal amplification needs of low-sensitivity dynamic microphones (e.g., -64dBV), solving the problem of traditional XLR microphones' strong dependence on power supply equipment. The microphone preamp unit is constructed using discrete components, including a transistor amplification stage and an emitter follower connected in sequence. The transistor amplification stage uses CMUT5087E-PNP transistors (Q6 and Q4 in Figure 12), which mainly amplifies the voltage of weak audio signals. The emitter follower is composed of the same type of transistor (Q3 in Figure 12), which reduces the output impedance of the microphone preamp unit and improves the anti-interference capability and long-line driving capability during electrical signal transmission. The output of the microphone preamp unit is connected to the XLR XLR interface and the USB microphone preamplifier circuit in the USB module, respectively, to ensure that the processed signal can be supplied to both XLR and USB output paths simultaneously.

[0054] The XLR connector, as a professional audio output interface, connects to external sound cards, mixing consoles, and other professional equipment via a balanced XLR cable 3. It outputs analog audio signals that have been processed by passive filters and selected by pass-through / preamp circuitry. This interface supports phantom power input and balanced signal transmission, which can effectively suppress common-mode noise during transmission and ensure sound quality stability in professional recording scenarios.

[0055] The USB module serves as a convenient audio output and control unit, and its core components include a USB interface, a USB audio chip, an audio amplifier circuit, an overvoltage protection chip, and a voltage regulator circuit. The USB interface uses a Type-C connector, connecting to devices such as computers and game consoles (e.g., PS series) via USB cable 2. It provides 5V DC power from external devices and handles bidirectional audio data transmission. The USB audio chip is integrated into the main chip (QFN40-5X5 packaged chip as shown in Figure 11), primarily performing two core functions: First, it performs high-precision analog-to-digital conversion (ADC) on analog audio signals from the pass-through / microphone preamp circuit or USB microphone preamp circuit, as shown in Figure 10, using the NJM4580M chip U6. The converted digital audio stream is then uploaded to the external device via the USB interface for recording. Second, it performs digital-to-analog conversion (DAC) on downstream digital audio signals from external devices (such as background music or game sound effects played on the computer), restoring them to analog audio signals. The audio amplification circuit uses the HT97220L chip U8, as shown in Figure 9, electrically connected to the DAC output of the USB audio chip, primarily for amplifying the DAC signal. The output analog signal drives the monitoring headphones connected to the headphone jack, allowing users to monitor the mixing effect of microphone input and external device output in real time. K3A and K3B in the circuit are reserved potentiometer interfaces, which can be selected to adjust the volume using a potentiometer via a 0Ω resistor jumper. C63 and C56 are coupling capacitors used to isolate DC signals and ensure pure audio signal transmission. The overvoltage protection chip is an ETA7014S2G chip U7, as shown in Figure 8, connected in series between the VBUS terminal of the USB interface and the internal power supply line. Its overvoltage protection threshold is set to 5.5~6.0V. When the external input voltage exceeds this threshold, the chip will quickly disconnect the power supply path to prevent high voltage from damaging the internal USB audio chip, main control chip and other precision components. The voltage regulator circuit is connected after the overvoltage protection chip to stabilize the external 5V voltage into a pure DC voltage, which powers the USB audio chip, function control circuit, lighting module and other components to ensure stable operation of each component.

[0056] The function control circuit, as the control center of the entire microphone, is electrically connected to the dynamic microphone unit, passive filter, direct pass / preamp circuit, USB module, lighting effect module, and wireless transmission module. It mainly consists of operating components and the main control chip. The operating components include a stepless encoder 9 and a touch control panel 10. The stepless encoder 9 receives continuous adjustment commands from the user, enabling precise adjustment of microphone volume, headphone monitoring volume, and mixing ratio (the ratio of microphone sound to downstream sound from external devices). The adjustment data is transmitted to the main control chip in real time. The touch control panel 10 integrates functions such as mute control and mode switching (e.g., frequency response mode, output path mode). Users can send control commands with a light touch. The panel also integrates LED indicators to display information such as the device's power supply status, signal transmission status, and mute status. In this embodiment, the main control chip is a QFN40-5X5 packaged chip. Its core function is to parse the control commands sent by the operating components and send control signals to various functional components according to the commands: sending a mode switching signal to the passive filter to control its switching between low-frequency cutoff, intermediate frequency boost, or flat response mode; sending a mode selection and gain adjustment signal to the pass-through / amplifier circuit to control its switching between pass-through / amplifier modes and adjust the amplifier gain; and sending parameter configuration signals to the USB audio chip to control its ADC / DAC. The sampling rate, gain, and other parameters are set; lighting effect control signals are sent to the lighting effect module to switch the status of ambient lights and indicator lights.

[0057] The lighting module, serving as an auxiliary module to enhance user experience, includes RGB ambient lighting, LED indicator lights, and an LED driver circuit. The light guide for the RGB ambient lighting is the ambient lighting guide section 4, located at the rear of the microphone body. The LED indicator lights are integrated into the touch control panel 10. The LED driver circuit is electrically connected to the main control chip and, under the control of the main control chip, dynamically switches the lighting effects: when the microphone is muted, the LED indicator lights turn red and flash in a breathing pattern; when the microphone is recording, the RGB ambient lighting remains a solid blue; when the microphone is used in a gaming scenario, the RGB ambient lighting can change color and flashing frequency according to the sound rhythm, creating an immersive gaming atmosphere; simultaneously, the LED indicator lights can also display the device's power supply status (e.g., green indicates normal power supply) and signal transmission status (e.g., blue indicates normal data transmission) through different colors, conveying device operating information to the user through intuitive lighting language.

[0058] The wireless transmission module, as an optional expansion module, can be integrated into the microphone body according to user needs. It can be either a Bluetooth module or a 2.4G wireless module, electrically connected to the main control chip. This module supplements the wired output, enabling wireless transmission of audio signals: when the user selects wireless mode, the main control chip transmits the electrical signal output from the dynamic microphone unit to the wireless transmission module. The module modulates the signal and transmits it wirelessly to an external compatible receiving device (such as a computer USB receiver or a mobile phone Bluetooth device). Simultaneously, this module also supports receiving wireless control commands. Users can send commands such as volume adjustment, mute, and mode switching via a wireless remote control. The module receives these commands and transmits them to the main control chip, enabling wireless control of the device and further expanding the microphone's application scenarios. It is suitable for outdoor live streaming, mobile recording, and other scenarios without wired connections.

[0059] The microphone mounting bracket 5 is used to fix the microphone body to a desktop or other supporting surface. The angle and height of the microphone can be adjusted according to the user's needs to ensure that the dynamic microphone unit can accurately capture sound signals. The microphone grille 1, in addition to protecting the internal dynamic microphone unit, also has a certain acoustic optimization function, which can reduce the interference of external airflow on the microphone and reduce wind noise. Some circuits are conventional circuits and will not be described in detail here.

[0060] In practical use, users can select different working modes according to specific scenarios: When recording professionally, users can select mid-frequency boost or flat response mode via frequency response switch key 6, select direct or preamp mode via XLR output pass-through switch key 7 (if using a low-sensitivity microphone, select preamp mode and adjust the gain via XLR preamp gain adjustment key 8), connect to an external sound card or mixing console via balanced XLR cable 3, and start high-quality recording after turning on phantom power; When recording for game streaming or home use, users can connect to a computer or game console via USB cable 2, adjust microphone and headphone monitoring volume via stepless encoder 9, and enable mute or adjust the mix ratio via touch control panel 10. RGB ambient lighting can automatically switch lighting effects according to the game scene to enhance the streaming atmosphere; When used outdoors, the wireless transmission module can be enabled to get rid of wired constraints and achieve flexible recording and monitoring.

[0061] This implementation highly integrates XLR professional circuitry with USB convenient circuitry, combining adjustable frequency response, flexible preamp gain, robust protection mechanisms, and rich user interaction functions. It solves the problems of traditional microphones, such as limited functionality, non-adjustable frequency response, strong dependence on downstream equipment, and poor user experience. It satisfies the dual needs of "professionalism + convenience," making it suitable for various scenarios such as professional recording, game streaming, home entertainment, and outdoor interviews. Moreover, the overall cost is lower than the sum of purchasing an XLR microphone and a USB microphone separately, making it highly practical and competitive in the market.

Claims

1. An adjustable frequency response microphone integrating XLR and USB outputs, characterized in that: include Microphone body; The acoustic-to-electric conversion unit, located inside the microphone body, is used to convert acoustic signals into electrical signals. A passive filter electrically connected to the acoustic-to-electric conversion unit is used to adjust the frequency response of the electrical signal; A pass-through / preamplifier circuit electrically connected to the passive filter, wherein the pass-through / preamplifier circuit can be selectively switched to pass-through mode or preamplifier mode to achieve direct transmission or gain amplification of electrical signals; The XLR connector, which is electrically connected to the pass-through / preamp circuit, is used to output the processed electrical signal to an external sound card or mixing console. A USB module integrated within the microphone body, the USB module including a USB audio chip and a USB interface, the USB interface being used to establish data transmission and power supply with external devices; as well as The functional control circuit, which is electrically connected to the acoustic-to-electric conversion unit, passive filter, direct-through / microphone preamp circuit, and USB module respectively, is used to realize the functional control and status monitoring of the device.

2. The adjustable frequency response microphone integrating XLR and USB output according to claim 1, characterized in that: The passive filter is an LC circuit, and the function control circuit can control the passive filter to switch between at least three frequency response modes: low frequency cut-off mode, mid frequency boost mode, and flat response mode; wherein, the low frequency cut-off mode is used to filter out low frequency noise of 50-100Hz, and the mid frequency boost mode is used to enhance the human voice frequency band signal of 1-3kHz.

3. The adjustable frequency response microphone integrating XLR and USB output according to claim 1, characterized in that: The pass-through / preamp circuit includes a preamp unit and a mode switch; the gain of the preamp unit is adjustable, either by level adjustment or stepless potentiometer adjustment; the preamp unit requires an external phantom power supply or is supplied with 12-48V phantom power by the microphone's internal power supply module to drive the low-sensitivity audio-to-electric conversion unit.

4. The adjustable frequency response microphone integrating XLR and USB output according to claim 1, characterized in that: The USB interface is a TYPE-C interface. The USB audio chip is used to perform analog-to-digital conversion and digital-to-analog conversion on electrical signals. The USB module also includes an audio amplification circuit, which is electrically connected to the DAC output of the USB audio chip. The USB interface can provide 5V power to the microphone body through an external device. The audio amplification circuit is also connected to a headphone jack for real-time headphone monitoring.

5. An adjustable frequency response microphone integrating XLR and USB output according to claim 1, characterized in that: It also includes a lighting effect module; the lighting effect module includes RGB ambient lights, LED indicator lights and LED driver circuits. The LED driver circuit is electrically connected to the main chip of the function control circuit and can switch the color and flashing mode of the RGB ambient lights according to the microphone working status or user operation, and display the power supply and signal transmission status of the device through the LED indicator lights.

6. An adjustable frequency response microphone integrating XLR and USB output according to claim 1, characterized in that: The functional control circuit includes an operating component and a main control chip; the operating component is a stepless encoder or a touch control panel, used to receive control commands input by the user; the main control chip is used to parse the control commands and drive the passive filter, direct-through / microphone preamp circuit, and USB module to perform corresponding actions; the audio-to-electric conversion unit is a dynamic microphone unit.

7. An adjustable frequency response microphone integrating XLR and USB output according to claim 1, characterized in that: It also includes a wireless transmission module; the wireless transmission module is a Bluetooth module or a 2.4G wireless module, which is electrically connected to the main chip of the functional control circuit, and can selectively transmit the electrical signal output by the sound-to-electric conversion unit to an external receiving device wirelessly, and supports the reception of wireless control commands.

8. An adjustable frequency response microphone integrating XLR and USB output according to claim 1, characterized in that: The microphone preamp unit includes a transistor amplifier stage and an emitter follower connected in sequence; the transistor amplifier stage is used to amplify the voltage of the electrical signal; the emitter follower is used to reduce the output impedance of the microphone preamp unit and improve the anti-interference capability of the electrical signal transmission, and the output terminal of the emitter follower is electrically connected to an XLR interface and a USB audio chip respectively.

9. An adjustable frequency response microphone integrating XLR and USB output according to claim 2, characterized in that: The passive filter's LC circuit includes an inductor and a capacitor, and the functional control circuit can adjust the cutoff frequency of the low-frequency cutoff mode and the gain of the intermediate-frequency boost mode by switching capacitors with different capacitance values ​​or inductors with different inductance values.

10. An adjustable frequency response microphone integrating XLR and USB output according to claim 4, characterized in that: The USB module also includes an overvoltage protection chip; the overvoltage protection chip is connected in series between the VBUS terminal of the USB interface and the internal power supply line of the microphone body. When the input voltage exceeds the set value, the overvoltage protection chip disconnects the power supply path to prevent damage to the internal circuit; and the internal power supply line is also equipped with a voltage regulator circuit, which outputs a stable voltage to power the USB audio chip and the function control circuit.

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