A retaining wall without support single side formwork construction and construction method

Abstract

The application provides a retaining wall without support and one-side formwork construction and a construction method, and relates to the technical field of retaining walls, and comprises a pre-buried anchoring system, which is pre-buried in a poured concrete structure and comprises a plurality of anchoring members and a plurality of hanging anchoring rods. Each anchoring member is pre-buried along the length direction of the retaining wall, and a plurality of hanging anchoring rods arranged in the same vertical direction are connected to one anchoring member, and each hanging anchoring rod is pre-buried in the concrete structure. The application has the beneficial effect that the pre-buried anchoring members and the tension bolts are used to realize the formwork support without external inclined braces, the traditional ground inclined braces are completely cancelled, the space occupied by the support structure is significantly reduced, the application is suitable for special site conditions such as narrow site, soft foundation and edge operation, the application range of the one-side formwork is expanded, the horizontal hanging anchoring rods and the hanging support system are arranged, the upper poured concrete is used as an anchoring base, and the suspended support is used to control the position of the formwork.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of retaining wall technology, and in particular to a single-sided formwork structure and construction method for an unsupported retaining wall. Background Technology

[0002] Retaining walls, as common support structures in municipal, water conservancy, and construction engineering, are widely used in slope protection, riverbank protection, and foundation pit support. Traditional retaining wall formwork construction mainly relies on double-sided formwork or bracing systems, while single-sided diagonal bracing is used under site constraints. In recent years, with the increase in urban underground space development and projects with complex geological conditions, higher demands have been placed on the spatial efficiency and adaptability of retaining wall construction. Meanwhile, segmented casting technology is widely used in the construction of tall retaining walls, reducing the lateral pressure of a single concrete pour through layered construction and utilizing the underlying backfill soil to provide counter-pressure stability. However, existing single-sided formwork technology still largely relies on ground-level diagonal bracing or external ties, and temporary support platforms are still needed for formwork turnover and connection between upper and lower sections. There is still room for improvement in construction efficiency and spatial adaptability.

[0003] Existing single-sided formwork technology has the following drawbacks: First, traditional diagonal bracing systems require a large space on the outside of the wall and have high requirements for foundation bearing capacity, making them difficult to implement in narrow spaces, on soft foundations, or in environments with work near edges, thus limiting the applicability of single-sided formwork. Second, during segmented pouring, the lower part of the middle section of the formwork lacks reliable support points. Conventional methods require the erection of temporary support frames or waiting for the lower layer of concrete to reach a high strength, resulting in long intervals between processes and low turnover rate of support materials. Third, the adjustment of the formwork's vertical position and control of its verticality rely on manual measurement and diagonal bracing, making it difficult to guarantee accuracy. Furthermore, the removal of diagonal bracing and the handling of embedded parts after formwork demolding are cumbersome procedures, affecting construction efficiency and the appearance quality of the wall. Therefore, there is an urgent need for a new support system that does not require external diagonal bracing, is suitable for segmented pouring, and facilitates formwork turnover, in order to achieve efficient construction under narrow site conditions. Summary of the Invention

[0004] In view of this, embodiments of the present invention provide a retaining wall unsupported single-sided formwork structure and construction method to solve the technical problem that existing single-sided formwork relies on external diagonal bracing and has limited application scenarios.

[0005] Embodiments of the present invention provide a single-sided formwork structure for an unsupported retaining wall, comprising: The pre-embedded rebar system is pre-embedded in the poured concrete structure and includes multiple rebar components and multiple hanging rebars. Each of the rebar components is pre-embedded along the length of the retaining wall. Multiple hanging rebars arranged in the same vertical direction are connected to one rebar component. Each of the hanging rebars is pre-embedded in the concrete structure. The template system includes a panel, multiple timbers, multiple steel pipes, and multiple anchors. The anchors are connected to the hanging rebars to transfer the lateral pressure of the panel to the interior of the retaining wall. The suspended support system includes a suspension component and an adjustable connector. The suspension component is installed on the embankment and suspended above the concrete structure. The lower end of the suspension component is connected to the panel of the template system through the adjustable connector to form a suspended support to control the vertical position of the panel.

[0006] Furthermore, one end of the hanging rebar passes through the panel, and the end of the hanging rebar passing through the panel is a threaded end, and each threaded end is threadedly connected to one of the anchors. Multiple timbers and multiple steel pipes are staggered on one side of the panel, and each anchor is pressed against the outside of two steel pipes, so that the hanging reinforcement is connected to the panel through multiple timbers and multiple steel pipes.

[0007] Furthermore, the rebar anchoring component includes a pre-embedded end pipe, an adjusting screw, and a nut. The pre-embedded end pipe is pre-embedded in the lower layer of concrete and exposed upwards. The pre-embedded end pipe has internal threads. The adjusting screw is threadedly connected to the pre-embedded end pipe, and the nut is threadedly connected to the outside of the adjusting screw, so that the adjusting screw is locked relative to the pre-embedded end pipe.

[0008] Furthermore, one end of the suspended rebar connected to the rebar component is a ring-lock end, which is fastened to the adjusting screw and the pre-embedded end pipe.

[0009] Furthermore, the template system also includes two side panels, which are disposed between the panel and the embankment to enclose the space between the embankment and the panel, forming a pouring space. Multiple rebar members and multiple hanging rebars are arranged in an array along the length of the embankment within the pouring space.

[0010] Furthermore, the adjustable connector has multiple mounting slots continuously formed on its surface, and a main shaft is disposed through the multiple mounting slots. Multiple take-up shafts are disposed outside the main shaft, and each take-up shaft is disposed in one of the mounting slots. A servo motor is disposed on one side of the adjustable connector, and the output end of the servo motor is connected to the main shaft so that the multiple take-up shafts can be pulled by the servo motor. Multiple lifting lugs are disposed on the upper part of the panel, and each take-up shaft corresponds to one lifting lug and is connected by a lifting cable.

[0011] Furthermore, the adjustable connector is suspended below the hanging component via multiple connecting cables.

[0012] A method for constructing an unsupported single-sided formwork retaining wall, employing the aforementioned unsupported single-sided formwork structure, includes the following steps: S1. During the construction of the foundation layer, pre-embed the rebar components and control the elevation of the rebar components. Cure the concrete to the design strength, install the hanging support system, and connect the lower end of the hanging components to the formwork system. S2. Adjust the length of the slings to control the formwork elevation, connect each rebar component to multiple hanging rebars and run them through the formwork system, and fasten the hanging rebars to the formwork system with tie bolts to form a formwork system without external diagonal bracing. S3. Pour the retaining wall concrete in the pouring space between the formwork system and the base plate, with the pouring height corresponding to the single-layer height of the layered pouring. S4. After the concrete reaches the demolding strength, remove the tie bolts to detach the formwork system from the surface of the retaining wall. Control the formwork system to move upward through the hanging support system, and cut the exposed hanging rebar and perform anti-corrosion sealing treatment. S5. Backfill soil to the design elevation to form counter-pressure stability, serving as an operating platform for upper-level construction; S6. Repeat steps S2-S5 to construct the upper retaining wall, using the lower poured concrete structure as the anchoring foundation for the rebar components, thus enabling the segmented turnover of the formwork.

[0013] Furthermore, in step S3, the installation of the hanging support system precedes the installation of the template panel, or is connected to the lifting lugs via slings after the template panel is installed.

[0014] Furthermore, in step S4, the dismantled formwork system and hanging support system are directly transferred to the upper construction section, and the length of the slings is adjusted by a servo motor to make the formwork system adapt to the needs of different floor heights in the segment.

[0015] The beneficial effects of the technical solution provided by the embodiments of the present invention are as follows: The retaining wall unsupported single-sided formwork structure and construction method of the present invention achieves formwork support without external diagonal bracing by pre-embedded rebar components and tie bolts, completely eliminating the traditional ground diagonal bracing, significantly reducing the space occupied by the support structure, and is suitable for special site conditions such as narrow sites, soft foundations, and edge operations, thus expanding the applicable scope of single-sided formwork. By setting up a horizontal hanging rebar and hanging support system, and using the upper layer of poured concrete as the anchoring foundation, a suspended support is formed to control the upper and lower positions of the formwork. This effectively solves the technical problem of no support at the bottom of the middle section formwork during segmented pouring, eliminating the need to wait for the lower layer of concrete to reach high strength or to erect temporary support frames, thus shortening the interval between processes. The hanging support system and the tie bolt system form a combined force to resist the lateral pressure of the concrete. The force path is clear, the structure is safe and reliable, and the pre-embedded rebar is easy to cut and seal later without affecting the appearance quality of the wall. Attached Figure Description

[0016] Figure 1This is an overall schematic diagram of the unsupported single-sided formwork structure and construction method of the retaining wall of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the arrangement of hanging rebar in the unsupported single-sided formwork structure and construction method of the retaining wall of the present invention. Figure 3 This is a right view of the unsupported single-sided formwork structure and construction method of the retaining wall of the present invention; Figure 4 This is another perspective view of the unsupported single-sided formwork structure and construction method of the retaining wall of the present invention; Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the rebar anchoring component in the unsupported single-sided formwork structure and construction method of the retaining wall of the present invention. Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the process flow for the segmented casting construction of the unsupported single-sided formwork structure and construction method of the retaining wall of the present invention.

[0017] In the diagram: 1. Embankment; 2. Foundation layer; 201. Wall toe; 202. Boss; 3. Panel; 4. Timber; 5. Steel pipe; 6. Anchor; 7. Hanging rebar; 701. Ring lock end; 702. Threaded end; 8. Rebar component; 801. Embedded end pipe; 802. Adjusting screw; 803. Nut; 804. Outer plate; 9. Side panel; 10. Hanging component; 11. Adjustable connector; 12. Connecting cable; 13. Mounting groove; 14. Main shaft; 15. Rewind shaft; 16. Servo motor; 17. Lifting lug; 18. Lifting cable; 19. Subbase; 20. Hardened layer; 21. First cover soil; 22. Second cover soil. Detailed Implementation

[0018] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the present invention clearer, the embodiments of the present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. The following description presents a preferred embodiment of the various possible embodiments of the present invention, intended to provide a basic understanding of the invention, but not intended to identify key or decisive elements of the invention or to limit the scope of protection sought.

[0019] In all examples shown and discussed herein, any specific values ​​should be interpreted as merely exemplary and not as limitations. Therefore, other examples of exemplary embodiments may have different values.

[0020] Techniques, methods, and equipment known to those skilled in the art may not be discussed in detail, but where appropriate, such techniques, methods, and equipment should be considered part of the specification.

[0021] It should be noted that similar labels and letters in the following figures indicate similar items; therefore, once an item is defined in one figure, it does not need to be discussed further in subsequent figures. Also, it should be understood that, for ease of description, the dimensions of the various parts shown in the figures are not drawn to actual scale.

[0022] It should be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "installation" and "connection" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; they can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; and they can refer to the internal connection of two components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this invention based on the specific circumstances.

[0023] Please refer to Figures 1 to 6 The embodiments of the present invention provide a retaining wall unsupported single-sided formwork structure and construction method, including a pre-embedded rebar system, a formwork system and a hanging support system, forming a complete single-sided formwork stress structure without external diagonal bracing, which is particularly suitable for the construction of retaining walls in single-sided restricted sites such as embankments and dams.

[0024] The pre-embedded rebar system is embedded inside the poured concrete structure as the anchoring foundation of the entire support system. It includes multiple rebar components 8 and multiple hanging rebars 7. Each rebar component 8 is pre-embedded along the length of the retaining wall as a load-bearing skeleton. One section of the hanging rebar 7 is arranged in a grid pattern on the formwork system. The other ends of multiple hanging rebars 7 arranged in the same vertical direction are connected to a rebar component 8 to form multiple horizontal tie points.

[0025] Each hanging rebar 7 and rebar component 8 is pre-embedded in the concrete structure to form an anchoring skeleton, which is connected to the multi-point anchors 6 of the formwork system to disperse and transmit lateral pressure to the interior of the concrete, forming a stable self-balancing structure.

[0026] Please refer to Figure 2 In this embodiment, the template system includes a panel 3, multiple timbers 4, multiple steel pipes 5, and multiple anchors 6. The panel 3 uses a wooden mold to directly contact the concrete, forming the surface molding interface of the retaining wall. Multiple timbers 4 and multiple steel pipes 5 are staggered on one side of the panel 3. The timbers 4 are arranged close to the panel 3 to distribute and transfer the lateral pressure of the concrete on the panel 3, thereby improving the load-bearing capacity of the panel 3. The steel pipes 5 serve as secondary joists to provide overall rigidity. The anchors 6 are connected to the hanging rebars 7 and are snapped onto the surface of the steel pipes 5. When the concrete is poured, it generates a lateral thrust on the panel 3. At this time, the hanging rebars 7 embedded in the poured concrete transmit the reverse tension to the steel pipes 5, timbers 4, and panel 3 through the anchors 6, forming a complete force transmission path to achieve a self-balancing anti-tension structure of "self-pull-self" within the retaining wall structure.

[0027] The suspension support system includes a suspension component 10 and an adjustable connector 11. The suspension component 10 is installed on the dam 1 and suspended above the concrete structure 2, serving as a top support platform. The adjustable connector 11 is suspended below the suspension component 10 by multiple connecting cables 12, and its lower end is connected to the panel 3 of the formwork system to form a suspended support to control the vertical position of the control panel 3, thereby achieving precise positioning and lifting adjustment of the formwork.

[0028] The hanging component 10 is installed on the embankment 1, using the embankment 1 as the top support platform. There is no need to install ground diagonal bracing on the outside of the retaining wall, which is particularly suitable for single-sided restricted sites such as adjacent embankments.

[0029] like Figure 3 and Figure 4 As shown, one end of the suspended rebar 7 passes through the panel 3, and the end passing through the panel 3 is a screw end 702. Each screw end 702 is threadedly connected to an anchor 6. By tightening the anchor 6, the suspended rebar 7 and the formwork system are reliably connected.

[0030] Furthermore, multiple timber beams 4 and multiple steel pipes 5 are staggered on one side of the panel 3 to form a grid-like back bracing system. Each anchor 6 is pressed against the outside of two steel pipes 5, so that the hanging reinforcement 7 is connected to the panel 3 through multiple timber beams 4 and multiple steel pipes 5.

[0031] This combination produces three technical effects: First, the fastening force of the anchor 6 is evenly transmitted to the panel 3 through the steel pipe 5 and the timber 4, avoiding local pressure deformation of the panel 3; Second, the tension of the hanging rebar 7 is shared by the two steel pipes 5, improving the load-bearing capacity of the node; Third, the staggered arrangement of the timber 4 and steel pipe 5 forms an integral back rib, enhancing the out-of-plane stiffness of the formwork system.

[0032] like Figure 5 As shown, the rebar anchoring component 8 includes a pre-embedded end pipe 801, an adjusting screw 802, and a nut 803. The pre-embedded end pipe 801 is pre-embedded in the lower layer of concrete and exposed upwards, with internal threads. The adjusting screw 802 is threadedly connected to the pre-embedded end pipe 801 and its exposed length can be adjusted by rotation. The nut 803 is threadedly connected to the outside of the adjusting screw 802, and when tightened, the adjusting screw 802 is locked relative to the pre-embedded end pipe 801.

[0033] In order to facilitate the control of the uniform embedment depth of the embedded end pipe 801, an outer extension plate 804 is also provided on the outside of the embedded end pipe 801. The outer extension plate 804 is disc-shaped. On the one hand, it is used to mark the embedment depth of one end of the embedded end pipe 801, and on the other hand, it can ensure the verticality of the embedded end pipe 801 inserted into the uncured concrete.

[0034] This structural design allows for precise control of the overall height of the rebar component 8 by rotating the adjusting screw 802, compensating for elevation errors during the pouring of the lower layer of concrete, and ensuring accurate alignment of the upper and lower layers of suspended rebar 7. The locking function of the nut 803 prevents the adjusting screw 802 from loosening under stress, ensuring anchoring reliability.

[0035] In order to connect multiple hanging rebars 7 to the rebar assembly 8, one end of the hanging rebar 7 connected to the rebar assembly 8 is a ring lock end 701. The ring lock end 701 is formed by the end of the hanging rebar 7 being bent in a ring shape and welded to the hanging rebar 7. The ring lock end 701 is fastened to the outside of the adjusting screw 802 and the pre-embedded end pipe 801.

[0036] During installation, the ring lock end 701 is fitted onto the adjusting screw 802, and the position is adjusted. Then, the nut 803 is tightened to fix it. The double engagement between the ring lock end 701, the adjusting screw 802, and the pre-embedded end tube 801 increases the connection redundancy. Even if the adjusting screw 802 is loose, the ring lock end 701 is still constrained by the pre-embedded end tube 801.

[0037] In this embodiment, the template system also includes two side panels 9, which are set between the panel 3 and the embankment 1, so that the embankment 1 and the panel 3 are closed to form a pouring space. Multiple rebar members 8 and multiple hanging rebars 7 are arranged in an array along the length of the embankment 1 in the pouring space. The setting of the two side panels 9 closes the open single-sided formwork area into a regular pouring space. The side panels 9, the panel 3, and the embankment 1 form a U-shaped enclosure.

[0038] like Figure 4 As shown, the surface of the adjustable connector 11 is provided with a plurality of mounting slots 13, and a main shaft 14 is provided through the plurality of mounting slots 13. A plurality of take-up shafts 15 are provided on the outside of the main shaft 14, and each take-up shaft 15 is provided in a mounting slot 13.

[0039] A servo motor 16 is provided on one side of the adjustable connector 11. The output end of the servo motor 16 is connected to the spindle 14, so that multiple take-up shafts 15 can be pulled by the servo motor 16. Multiple lifting lugs 17 are provided on the upper part of the panel 3. Each take-up shaft 15 corresponds to a lifting lug 17 and is connected by a sling 18.

[0040] The servo motor 16 drives the main shaft 14 to rotate, which in turn drives multiple take-up shafts 15 to simultaneously wind up and unwind the slings 18, achieving a smooth overall lifting and lowering of the panel 3. At the same time, the self-locking of the servo motor 16 ensures the stable suspension of the panel 3. The take-up shafts 15 in the multiple mounting slots 13 are independently set but linked by the same main shaft 14 to ensure that the force on each lifting point is uniform. The corresponding connection between the slings 18 and the lifting lugs 17 allows the lifting force to be applied directly to the upper part of the panel 3, making the segmented casting and reuse of the panel 3 convenient.

[0041] The servo motor 16 of the adjustable connector 11 drives the overall lifting and lowering of the template, eliminating the need for manual prying during demolding and reducing template damage; the integrated design of the hanging support system and the template system eliminates the need for repeated disassembly and assembly of the hanging equipment during turnover, enabling rapid inter-layer transfer.

[0042] The adjustable connector 11 is suspended below the hanging member 10 by multiple connecting cables 12. The connecting cables 12 distribute the load of the adjustable connector 11 to the hanging member 10, and the hanging member 10 transfers the load to the dam 1, forming a complete top suspension force transmission path.

[0043] This invention is particularly suitable for the segmented pouring construction of retaining walls, and each system exhibits unique advantages in cooperation during segmented construction.

[0044] During the first layer of construction: the foundation layer 2 is poured. At this time, the rebar component 8 is embedded in the foundation concrete. After the concrete has cured, the rebar 7 is connected to the rebar component 8 and passes through the formwork system 3. The anchor 6 securely connects the formwork system to the rebar 7.

[0045] The hanging support system is set on the dam 1 and connected to the panel 3 through the adjustable connector 11. The length of the sling 18 is adjusted to control the elevation of the formwork. Concrete is poured and the rebar components 8 are pre-embedded in the concrete surface. After the concrete reaches the required strength, the anchor 6 is loosened and the sling 18 is wound up by the servo motor 16 to make the entire formwork system rise and detach from the concrete surface, thus completing the demolding.

[0046] System coordination during the second and above construction: When constructing the upper layer, the lower layer has already poured the retaining wall, which becomes the new anchor foundation. At this time, the rebar component 8 is pre-embedded in the top of the lower layer retaining wall, and the height is adjusted by adjusting the screw 802 to adapt to the new construction layer; the hanging support system is still set on the embankment 1, and the length of the sling 18 is adjusted to adapt to the new support height; since the hanging support system is independent of the concrete structure, the upper layer construction can be carried out without waiting for the lower layer concrete to reach a high strength, thus shortening the inter-process time.

[0047] The coordination mechanism for formwork turnover: The hanging support system and the formwork system are connected by slings 18 and lugs 17, which facilitates easy assembly and disassembly. After disassembly, the formwork system can be directly transferred to the upper construction section under the suspension of the hanging support system. The length of the slings 18 can be precisely adjusted by the servo motor 16 to adapt the formwork system to the needs of different floor heights in the segment. This coordination mechanism realizes "one formwork for multiple uses and rapid turnover", which significantly improves construction efficiency.

[0048] The construction method in this embodiment includes the following steps: S1. Foundation layer construction and hanging support system installation: During the construction of foundation layer 2, pre-embed rebar components 8 and control the elevation of rebar components 8. Cure the concrete to the design strength, install the hanging support system, set the hanging parts 10 on the embankment 1, and suspend the adjustable connectors 11 below the hanging parts 10 through the connecting cables 12.

[0049] The base layer 2 is C30 rubble concrete with a rubble content of no more than 30%. A cushion layer 19 is set below the base layer. The surface of the cushion layer 19 is in contact with the base layer 2 through a 100mm thick C20 concrete layer. A wall toe 201 is set at the bottom of the base layer 2 and embedded in the cushion layer 19 for anti-slip purposes. In addition, the lateral extension protrusion 202 of the base layer 2 extends into the cushion layer 19, which is also used for anti-slip purposes.

[0050] S2. Installation and Adjustment of Formwork System: Adjust the length of the sling 18 to control the formwork elevation, connect each rebar component 8 to multiple hanging rebars 7 and pass through the formwork system, install the side panels 9 to close the space between the embankment 1 and the panel 3 to form a pouring space, and connect and fasten the hanging rebars 7 to the formwork system with tie bolts (anchors 6). The anchors 6 are pressed against the outside of the two steel pipes 5 to form a formwork system without external diagonal bracing. In this process, the hanging rebars 7, which serve as the load-bearing structure, also serve as the internal rebar structure of the concrete retaining wall, that is, the formwork system is supported by the structure of the retaining wall itself.

[0051] S3. Concrete pouring: The retaining wall concrete is poured in the pouring space between the formwork system and the base plate. The pouring height corresponds to the single layer height of the layered pouring. The arrayed rebar components 8 and hanging rebars 7 form multi-point anchorage in the closed space to resist the lateral pressure of the concrete.

[0052] S4. Demolding and Turnover: After the concrete reaches the demolding strength, remove the tie bolts (anchors 6) to detach the formwork system from the surface of the retaining wall. Drive the winding shaft 15 through the servo motor 16 to wind up the sling 18, control the overall formwork system to move upward smoothly, achieve non-destructive demolding, cut the exposed hanging rebar 7 and perform anti-corrosion sealing treatment.

[0053] S6. Backfilling and Operation Platform Formation: Backfill soil to the design elevation to form a counter-pressure stability, serving as an operation platform for upper-level construction.

[0054] Specifically, a hardened layer 20 is constructed on the surface of the cushion layer 19 as a base, and the first cover soil 21 is backfilled to the outside of the lower layer of concrete retaining wall. The first cover soil 21 extends beyond the height of the lower layer of concrete retaining wall and serves as a subsequent construction plane to provide stable counter-pressure. After the retaining wall is poured in layers, the second cover soil 22 is backfilled.

[0055] S7. Cyclic construction: Repeat steps S2-S6 to construct the upper retaining wall. Use the lower layer of poured concrete structure as the anchoring foundation for the rebar component 8. Adjust the adjusting screw 802 of the rebar component 8 to adapt to the new floor height. Adjust the length of the sling 18 through the servo motor 16 to make the formwork system adapt to the needs of different floor heights in each segment, and realize the segmented turnover of the formwork.

[0056] In this document, the directional terms such as front, back, top, and bottom are defined based on the position of the components in the accompanying drawings and their relative positions to each other, solely for the purpose of clarity and convenience in expressing the technical solution. It should be understood that these are relative concepts and can vary depending on different methods of use and placement; the use of these directional terms should not limit the scope of protection claimed in this application.

[0057] Where there is no conflict, the above embodiments and features described herein can be combined with each other.

[0058] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A retaining wall structure with unsupported single-sided formwork, characterized in that, include: The pre-embedded rebar system is pre-embedded in the poured concrete structure and includes multiple rebar components (8) and multiple hanging rebars (7). Each of the rebar components (8) is pre-embedded along the length of the retaining wall. Multiple hanging rebars (7) arranged in the same vertical direction are connected to one rebar component (8). Each of the hanging rebars (7) is pre-embedded in the concrete structure. The template system includes a panel (3), multiple timbers (4), multiple steel pipes (5) and multiple anchors (6), wherein the anchors (6) are connected to the hanging rebars (7) to transmit the lateral pressure of the panel (3) to the interior of the retaining wall. The hanging support system includes a hanging component (10) and an adjustable connector (11). The hanging component (10) is set on the dam (1) and suspended above the concrete structure. The lower end of the hanging component (10) is connected to the panel (3) of the template system through the adjustable connector (11) to form a suspended support to control the up and down position of the panel (3).

2. The unsupported single-sided formwork structure for retaining walls as described in claim 1, characterized in that: One end of the hanging rebar (7) passes through the panel (3), and the end of the hanging rebar (7) passing through the panel (3) is a threaded end (702), and each threaded end (702) is threadedly connected to an anchor (6). Multiple timbers (4) and multiple steel pipes (5) are staggered on one side of the panel (3), and each anchor (6) is pressed against the outside of two steel pipes (5), so that the hanging rebar (7) is connected to the panel (3) through multiple timbers (4) and multiple steel pipes (5).

3. The unsupported single-sided formwork structure for retaining walls as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The rebar anchoring component (8) includes a pre-embedded end pipe (801), an adjusting screw (802), and a nut (803). The pre-embedded end pipe (801) is pre-embedded in the lower layer of concrete and exposed upwards. The pre-embedded end pipe (801) is provided with threads. The adjusting screw (802) is threadedly connected to the pre-embedded end pipe (801). The nut (803) is threadedly connected to the outside of the adjusting screw (802), so that the adjusting screw (802) is locked relative to the pre-embedded end pipe (801).

4. The unsupported single-sided formwork structure for retaining walls as described in claim 3, characterized in that: The hanging rebar (7) is connected to one end of the rebar component (8) as a ring lock end (701), which is fastened to the outside of the adjusting screw (802) and the pre-embedded end pipe (801).

5. The unsupported single-sided formwork structure for retaining walls as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The template system also includes two side panels (9), which are arranged between the panel (3) and the dam (1) to enclose the pouring space between the dam (1) and the panel (3). Multiple rebar members (8) and multiple hanging rebars (7) are arranged in an array along the length of the dam (1) in the pouring space.

6. The unsupported single-sided formwork structure for retaining walls as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The adjustable connector (11) has a plurality of mounting slots (13) continuously formed on its surface. A main shaft (14) is provided through the plurality of mounting slots (13). A plurality of take-up shafts (15) are provided on the outside of the main shaft (14). Each take-up shaft (15) is located in one of the mounting slots (13). A servo motor (16) is provided on one side of the adjustable connector (11). The output end of the servo motor (16) is connected to the main shaft (14) so ​​that the plurality of take-up shafts (15) can be pulled by the servo motor (16). A plurality of lifting lugs (17) are provided on the upper part of the panel (3). Each take-up shaft (15) corresponds to one of the lifting lugs (17) and is connected by a sling (18).

7. The unsupported single-sided formwork structure for retaining walls as described in claim 6, characterized in that: The adjustable connector (11) is suspended below the hanging member (10) by multiple connecting cables (12).

8. A method for constructing a retaining wall with unsupported single-sided formwork, comprising the unsupported single-sided formwork structure for retaining walls as described in any one of claims 1-7, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: S1. During the construction of the foundation layer, pre-embed rebar components and control the elevation of the rebar components. Cure the concrete to the design strength, install the hanging support system, and connect the lower end of the hanging components to the formwork system. S2. Adjust the length of the slings to control the formwork elevation, connect each rebar component to multiple hanging rebars and run them through the formwork system, and fasten the hanging rebars to the formwork system with tie bolts to form a formwork system without external diagonal bracing. S3. Pour the retaining wall concrete in the pouring space between the formwork system and the base slab, with the pouring height corresponding to the single-layer height of the layered pouring. S4. After the concrete reaches the demolding strength, remove the tie bolts to detach the formwork system from the surface of the retaining wall. Control the formwork system to move upward through the hanging support system, and cut the exposed hanging rebar and perform anti-corrosion sealing treatment. S5. Backfill soil to the design elevation to form counter-pressure stability, serving as an operating platform for upper-level construction; S6. Repeat steps S2-S5 to construct the upper retaining wall, using the lower poured concrete structure as the anchoring foundation for the rebar components, and realize the segmented turnover of the formwork.

9. The unsupported single-sided formwork construction method for retaining walls as described in claim 8, characterized in that: In step S1, the installation of the hanging support system precedes the installation of the template panel, or is connected to the lifting lugs via slings after the template panel is installed.

10. The unsupported single-sided formwork construction method for retaining walls as described in claim 8, characterized in that: In step S4, the dismantled formwork system and hanging support system are directly transferred to the upper construction section. The length of the slings is adjusted by a servo motor to make the formwork system adapt to the needs of different floor heights in the segment.

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