Vehicle brake, vehicle and method for mounting a vehicle brake

Abstract

The invention relates to a vehicle brake, a vehicle and a method for installing a vehicle brake. The vehicle brake is in particular a commercial vehicle disc brake, which has a brake carrier with at least one brake pad receptacle, at least one brake pad guided and supported in an axially movable manner within the brake pad receptacle, and a brake caliper which is axially movable relative to the brake carrier. According to the invention it is proposed that the brake carrier is structurally reinforced on the exit side relative to the entry side and at least one running direction marking for indicating the first rotational direction is arranged on the brake carrier.

Description

[0001] This application is a divisional application of Chinese invention patent application filed on May 23, 2018, which entered the Chinese national phase on November 13, 2020, with PCT application number PCT / EP2018 / 063512, national application number 201880093450.6, and invention title "Directional Arrow on Brake Carrier". Technical Field

[0002] This invention relates to vehicle brakes, vehicles, and methods for installing vehicle brakes. The vehicle brakes, particularly disc brakes for commercial vehicles, include: a brake carrier having at least one brake pad receiving portion; at least one brake pad guided and supported within the brake pad receiving portion in an axially movable manner; and a brake caliper axially movable relative to the brake carrier, wherein the brake carrier has an entry side and an exit side, on the entry side, the brake disc entering the brake carrier when rotating in a first rotational direction, and on the exit side, the brake disc exiting the brake carrier when rotating in the first rotational direction. Background Technology

[0003] In the case of vehicle brakes, there is often a challenge that the mechanical load on the vehicle brake is greater when braking a vehicle from a typically higher speed forward travel compared to braking from a typically slower backward travel. Based on this, vehicle brakes are known from the prior art in which the brake carrier is constructed asymmetrically with respect to the entry and exit sides of the brake disc.

[0004] The entry side is the side of the brake caliper or brake carrier on which the brake disc enters the brake caliper or brake carrier; in other words, on this side, a section of the brake disc surface is at least partially covered by the brake caliper or brake carrier when rotating in the first direction of rotation. On the exit side, this imaginary section of the brake disc surface exits the covered area of ​​the brake caliper or brake carrier.

[0005] Typically, the section of the brake carrier corresponding to the side where the brake disc leaves in the forward direction of the vehicle is reinforced. These areas bear the highest forces and loads when braking from high-speed forward travel, and therefore these areas are designed to be significantly more robust than those areas of the brake where the brake pads only leave the brake when traveling backward.

[0006] For brake carriers with such asymmetrical construction, it must always be ensured that they are correctly oriented and installed on the vehicle. In the worst case, installation opposite to the prescribed mounting direction may cause individual components of the brake to fail during braking involving high forces due to the asymmetrical construction of the brake carrier. Furthermore, this asymmetrical design of the brake carrier typically leads to high manufacturing complexity and high manufacturing costs because a series of components must be designed to be directional. Summary of the Invention

[0007] Therefore, the object of the present invention is to improve vehicle brakes of the aforementioned type, thereby eliminating as many of the disadvantages found in the prior art as possible. In particular, the present invention provides a vehicle brake that is optimized for braking loads that typically occur during vehicle operation, and in which the vehicle brake can be manufactured less complexly and inexpensively, while ensuring that the vehicle brake is mounted on the vehicle in the correct orientation.

[0008] According to the present invention, this task is achieved in a vehicle brake of the aforementioned type by means that the brake carrier is structurally reinforced on the departure side compared to the entry side, and at least one mark is arranged on the brake carrier to indicate a first rotation direction.

[0009] This invention utilizes the understanding that the asymmetrical construction of the brake carrier, where the material thickness on the departing side is greater than that on the entering side, is particularly well-suited for compensating for braking loads occurring when the vehicle is moving forward, while simultaneously preventing the brake carrier from being oversized for rearward movement. However, this component design must ensure that the vehicle brake with the orientation-dependent brake carrier is correctly oriented and mounted on the vehicle. The arrangement of running direction markings, indicating a first rotational direction corresponding to the vehicle's primary direction of travel (i.e., particularly the forward direction) according to the invention, ensures the correct mounting of the brake carrier. Here, running direction markings are provided only for the orientation-dependent component, i.e., the brake carrier. Therefore, a high level of installation safety is advantageously achieved, production costs are reduced, and a high degree of variability in the use of all other orientation-dependent components of the vehicle brake is ensured.

[0010] The invention is improved by having a carrier cheek on the entry and / or exit side, the carrier cheek at least partially surrounding the receiving space of the brake disc and having an end face opposite to the receiving space, wherein at least one running direction mark is arranged on the end face.

[0011] Therefore, the brake carrier has a generally frame-like shape, wherein the frame sections belonging to the entry and exit sides are referred to as carrier cheeks. These carrier cheeks preferably at least partially surround the outer boundary surface of the receiving space of the brake disc. Preferably, at least one carrier cheek has an end face that is visible in the installed state of the vehicle brake, both when the vehicle brake is installed as a separate component and when the vehicle brake is mounted on the vehicle. Therefore, if a direction-of-operation marking is arranged on the end face, the installer can reliably see how the brake is installed in each installed state, and simultaneously easily see the degree of proper installation after installation is complete.

[0012] The brake carrier preferably has a pressing side and an operating side. The cheek of the carrier preferably extends from the pressing side to the operating side.

[0013] According to a preferred embodiment, the structural reinforcement is constructed in one, more, or all of the following forms: - The brake carrier has a greater material thickness on the departure side compared to the entry side. - The width and / or height of the carrier cheek on the exit side is greater than the width and / or height of the carrier cheek on the entry side, or - The height of the carrier cheek on the pressing side is greater than the height hw of the carrier cheek on the action side.

[0014] The maximum braking force typically occurs when a vehicle is traveling at a high forward speed and is rapidly decelerated from that speed. Here, the greatest force and torque, relative to the vehicle's forward motion, occurs on the brake carrier side, on the side corresponding to the brake disc's departure side relative to the vehicle's forward motion. The force and torque are also greater on the brake's clamping side than on the brake's operating side. The corresponding component dimensions are designed to account for the different force behaviors on the clamping and operating sides, and thus save material and weight compared to components constructed in a completely symmetrical manner.

[0015] According to a preferred embodiment, the direction marking is constructed as a direction-indicating arrow, with its tip pointing in the direction of the first rotation. The advantage of this direction arrow is that it typically leaves no room for interpretation regarding the preferred direction of travel. In other words, this arrow can be clearly associated with the preferred direction of travel for installers and operators from different cultural backgrounds.

[0016] The brake carrier is preferably constructed as a one-piece component, particularly as a one-piece casting with at least one molded directional arrow. Preferably, the corresponding positive or negative shape of the directional arrow has been formed in the casting mold, and thus the arrow is applied directly to the brake carrier by the casting process.

[0017] Furthermore, vehicle brakes are preferably configured such that the directional arrow is raised relative to the surface of the brake carrier, particularly relative to its end face. This raised orientation of the arrow relative to the surface of the brake carrier generally improves its tactile perceptibility and recognizability. Vehicle brakes are typically and often only installed under limited optimal lighting conditions, therefore, the tactile perceptibility of this arrow is particularly important in this environment.

[0018] According to another alternative embodiment, it is preferred that the directional arrow is configured as a recess relative to the surface of the brake carrier, particularly a recess relative to the end face. This recess can, in principle, be a depression relative to the surface of the brake carrier or a completely recessed material, which may have been introduced into the brake carrier during casting or during a post-casting machining step.

[0019] According to an alternative embodiment, it is further preferred that the directional arrow has a length of at least 25 mm and a width of at least 15 mm. Such minimum dimensions of the directional arrow ensure reliable identification and tactile access even in poor lighting conditions. Furthermore, it is preferred that the directional arrow has a height or depth relative to the surface of the brake carrier of at least 0.5 mm, where such dimensions also ensure reliable identification and tactile access.

[0020] Furthermore, the directional arrow preferably has an external signal coating to improve visual perceptibility. The external signal coating is preferably configured in a signal color, such as red. It is also preferred that the directional arrow has a fluorescent coating. If, for various reasons, the directional arrow is not desired to be permanently visible to everyone, its visibility can be achieved during workshop operations by using a light source configured for this purpose.

[0021] According to a preferred embodiment, the directional arrows also have grooves on their surface. This improves the tactile perceptibility of the directional arrows.

[0022] The invention is further developed in that the brake carrier has at least one carrier corner on both the entry and exit sides for guiding and supporting at least one brake pad, wherein the carrier corner on the exit side has a greater height than the carrier corner on the entry side. As stated, the highest braking force typically occurs when the vehicle is traveling at a high forward speed and thus decelerates rapidly. Here, the greatest force and torque to be borne occurs on the side of the brake carrier corresponding to the exit side of the brake disc relative to the forward travel of the vehicle. For this reason, it is preferable that the carrier corner on the exit side has a greater height than the carrier corner on the entry side. On the other hand, an important advantage of the asymmetrical construction of the brake carrier is that the carrier corner with a lower height on the entry side is sufficient to hold the brake pad. This optimized construction of the brake carrier saves structural space and component mass.

[0023] The height of the carrier corner on the entry and exit sides is preferably extended in the radial direction relative to the brake disc.

[0024] The invention has been described above with reference to vehicle brakes. In another aspect, the invention relates to vehicles equipped with vehicle brakes, particularly commercial vehicles. The invention solves the aforementioned vehicle-related tasks by constructing a vehicle brake according to the foregoing preferred embodiments. Attached Figure Description

[0025] Regarding the advantages of this vehicle, reference is made to the foregoing statements, which are included herein. The invention will now be described in more detail with reference to preferred embodiments and the accompanying drawings. Wherein: Figure 1 A first embodiment of the vehicle brake according to the present invention is shown in a perspective view; Figure 2 The side view shows the following: Figure 1 An embodiment of the vehicle brake according to the present invention; Figure 3 The perspective view shows the basis Figure 1 and Figure 2 The vehicle brake according to the present invention; Figure 4 The following is shown in another perspective view: Figure 3 The brake carrier according to the present invention; Figure 5 The following is shown in another perspective view: Figures 3 to 4 The brake carrier according to the present invention; Figure 6 The side view shows the following: Figures 3 to 5 The brake carrier according to the present invention; Figure 7An alternative embodiment of the brake carrier according to the invention is shown in the side view; and Figure 8 The root is shown in the other side view. Figures 3 to 6 The brake carrier according to the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0026] Figure 1 A vehicle brake 2 having a brake carrier 6 and a brake caliper 4 is shown. The brake carrier 6 is connected to the vehicle in a suitable manner via a fastening section 8. The vehicle brake 2 of the present invention is constructed as a sliding caliper disc brake, wherein the brake caliper 4 is arranged to be axially movable relative to the brake carrier 6. In this case, the brake caliper 4 slides on a guide pin 12, which is in turn connected to the brake carrier 6.

[0027] The vehicle brake 2 further includes brake pads 14 on the pressing side and brake pads 26 on the operating side. A space for receiving the brake disc 16 is created between the brake pads 14 and 26. When the vehicle brake 2 is mounted on a vehicle, the brake disc is arranged within the receiving space 16. The brake pads 14 and 26 are guided and supported within the brake caliper 4 in an axially movable manner. The brake pads 14 and 26 are compressed in the direction of the brake carrier 6 by a pressure clamp 18 acting on the pressure spring 20. When replacing the brake pads 14 and 26, they can be removed from the vehicle brake 2 after removing the pressure clamp 18 and the pressure spring 20, without further disassembly of the vehicle brake 2.

[0028] When the vehicle brake 2 is operated, a clamping force is applied to the brake pads 14 in the direction of the brake disc, which is arranged within the receiving space for the brake disc 16. Additionally, the sliding support of the brake caliper 4 causes the second brake pad 26 to also be pressed against the actuating side of the brake in the direction of the brake disc. In this case, the brake caliper 4 slides on the guide pin 12 in the direction of the brake disc, which is arranged within the receiving space for the brake disc 16. If the clamping force is no longer applied to the brake pads 14, the brake caliper 4 and brake pads 26 slide back to their initial or air-gap positions. Now the brake disc is no longer in contact with the brake pads 14 and 26, and there is no longer a braking effect.

[0029] The vehicle brake 2 is matched with a first rotation direction 11 of the brake disc. In a vehicle, the first rotation direction 11 typically corresponds to the forward direction of the vehicle. Relative to this first rotation direction 11, the brake carrier 6 has an entry side 22, on which the brake disc enters to a certain extent into the brake carrier 6, so that, in other words, on the entry side 22, as the brake disc surface rotates along the first rotation direction 11, a section of the brake disc surface is at least partially covered by the brake carrier 6 for the first time; the brake carrier 6 also has an exit side 24, on which this imaginary section of the brake disc surface exits the covered area of ​​the brake carrier 6 again.

[0030] In the vehicle brake 2, the highest force and load occur on the departure side 24 during strong deceleration from forward travel. For this reason, as further detailed in the following figure, the brake carrier 6 is constructed to be more robust on its departure side 24 than on its entry side 22. This means that, in the worst case, when the vehicle brake 2 is installed opposite to the first and preferred direction of rotation of the brake disc, the vehicle brake 2 may fail during strong deceleration with high braking force and load. To ensure correct installation relative to the first and preferred direction of rotation, a running direction mark 10 is therefore arranged on the brake carrier 6, which is here constructed as a directional arrow 10. The directional arrow 10 is therefore arranged on the brake carrier 6 such that when the vehicle brake 2 is installed opposite to the first and preferred direction of rotation, the vehicle brake 2 may fail during strong deceleration with high braking force and load. Figure 1 The brake carrier 6 shown can be reliably identified when fully installed, even when the vehicle brake 2 is on the vehicle in the installed state.

[0031] Figure 2 The side view shows the following: Figure 1 An embodiment of vehicle brake 2. From Figure 2 As can be seen in the different perspective view, the directional arrow 10 is also well and clearly identifiable, thus reliably preventing incorrect installation of the vehicle brake 2 according to the invention. It is further visible in the figure that the width bw and height hw of the carrier cheek 28 on the entry side 22 are smaller than the width bw' and height hw' of the carrier cheek 28' on the exit side 24 (see for details). Figure 8 The height hw of the carrier cheek 28 on the pressing side 19 is also greater than the height hw of the carrier cheek 28 on the acting side 21.

[0032] Figure 3The brake carrier 6 is shown in the perspective view. The brake carrier 6 has brake pad receiving portions 34 and 36 for accommodating brake pads 14 and 26. The brake pad receiving portions 34 and 36 guide the brake pads 14 and 26 in an axially movable manner and support the brake pads 14 and 26 in a tangential direction relative to the rotation direction of the brake disc. In the tangential direction, the brake pads 14 and 26 are held by carrier corner portions 38, 38', 40, and 40'. Here, carrier corner portions 38 and 38' are arranged on the departure side 24, and carrier corner portions 40 and 40' are arranged on the entry side 22.

[0033] The brake carrier 6 has a frame-shaped structure.

[0034] Brake pad receiving portions 34 and 36 are connected and substantially surround the receiving space for the brake disc 16, wherein carrier cheeks 28 are arranged on their end sides on the brake carrier. These carrier cheeks, in turn, have end faces 30 on which directional arrows 10 are preferably arranged. As discussed, when the brake carrier 6 is mounted on the vehicle brake 2 and installed on the vehicle, the end faces 30 with directional arrows 10 are also well and omnidirectionally visible. Carrier corner portions 38, 38', 40, 40' have heights h1 to h4. Thus, carrier corner 38 has a height h1, carrier corner 38' has a height h2, carrier corner 40 has a height h4, and carrier corner 40' has a height h3.

[0035] As from Figure 3 As can be seen, the construction of the carrier corners 38' and 40' on the pressing side 19 differs from the design of the carrier corners 38 and 40 on the acting side 21. Therefore, the heights h2 and h3 of the carrier corners 38' and 40' on the pressing side 19 are greater than the heights (h1 and h4) of the corresponding carrier corners 38 and 40 on the acting side 21 (see [reference]). Figure 5 The height h2 of the carrier corner 38' on the departure side 24 is chosen to be greater than the height of the carrier corner 40' on the entry side 22. Therefore, the brake carrier 6 is constructed asymmetrically relative to the direction of travel of the brake disc. On the departure side 24, where greater braking force and load occur as the vehicle moves forward, the brake carrier 6 has a greater material thickness.

[0036] Figure 4 This shows, from another perspective, that according to Figure 3 An embodiment of the brake carrier 6. The fastening section 8 is clearly visible here, through which the brake carrier 6 can be fastened to the vehicle, particularly to the vehicle flange. The different design of the bearing angles 38, 38' on the departure side 24 compared to the design of the bearing angles 40, 40' on the entry side 22 is also clearly visible.

[0037] Figure 5 It shows that according to Figure 3 and Figure 4 Another perspective view of the brake carrier 6. As can be seen from this perspective view, the brake carrier 6 has another direction indicator arrow 10' on the carrier cheek 28 opposite to the direction indicator arrow 10. This direction indicator arrow 10' is arranged on the second end face 30'. The arrow tip 32' points in the first rotation direction 11 of the brake disc, and thus clearly points to the mounting direction under consideration.

[0038] exist Figure 6 The text shows the data based on... Figures 3 to 5 A side view of the brake carrier 6, from which Figure 6 As can be seen, the design of the carrier corners 38, 38' on the departure side 24 is significantly different from the design of the carrier corners 40, 40' on the entry side 22. The directional arrow 10'' shown in the figure is deepened relative to the end face 30.

[0039] Figure 7 An alternative embodiment of the brake carrier 6 is shown, wherein... Figures 3 to 6 Compared to the previous embodiment, the geometry of the direction indicator arrow 10''' has been changed in particular. As can be seen from the figures, the direction indicator arrow 10''' is wider than in the aforementioned embodiment. Therefore, more reliable identifiability of this direction indicator arrow 10''' can be supported.

[0040] also, Figure 8 It shows that according to Figures 3 to 6 The brake carrier 6 of the embodiment, wherein in Figure 8 The image shows a side view of the brake carrier 6 on its departure side 24. The direction of rotation marker 10' indicates the first or preferred direction of rotation 11 of the brake disc, with the direction indicator arrow 10' arranged on the end face 30'. From the selected angle, the higher and wider carrier corners 38, 38' of the brake carrier 6 and the departure side 24 of the vehicle brake 2 are visible.

[0041] List of icon numbers

[0042] 2. Vehicle brakes

[0043] 4. Brake calipers

[0044] 6. Brake carrier

[0045] 8. Fastening Section

[0046] 10, 10′, 10′′, 10′′′ Running direction markers / direction indicator arrows

[0047] 11 First direction of rotation

[0048] 12 Guide pins

[0049] 14 Brake pads

[0050] 16. Space for accommodating the brake disc

[0051] 18 Pressing hoop

[0052] 19. Pressing side

[0053] 20 Compression Springs

[0054] 21. Action side

[0055] 22 Entering the side

[0056] 24. Leaving the side

[0057] 26 Brake pads

[0058] 28, 28′ Carrier cheek

[0059] 30, 30′ end faces

[0060] 32, 32′ Arrow tip

[0061] 34 Brake pad receiving section

[0062] 36 Brake pad receiving section

[0063] 38, 38′ Carrier corners

[0064] 40, 40′ Carrier corners

[0065] hw, hw′ Carrier cheek height

[0066] bw, bw′ Carrier cheek width

[0067] h1, h2, h3, h4 Carrier corner heights

Claims

1. A vehicle brake (2), particularly a disc brake for commercial vehicles, said vehicle brake having: A brake carrier (6) with an asymmetrical structure, the brake carrier (6) having at least one brake pad receiving portion (34, 36). At least one brake pad (14, 26) is guided and supported axially within the brake pad receiving portions (34, 36); and A brake caliper (4) capable of axial movement relative to the brake carrier (6), wherein, The brake carrier (6) has an entry side (22) and an exit side (24). On the entry side (22), the brake disc enters the brake carrier (6) when rotating in the first rotation direction (11), while on the exit side (24), the brake disc leaves the brake carrier (6) when rotating in the first rotation direction (11). Its features are, The brake carrier (6) is structurally reinforced on the departure side (24) relative to the entry side (22), and At least one running direction mark (10, 10′) for indicating the first rotation direction (11) is arranged on the brake carrier (6). The brake carrier (6) is constructed as a one-piece component, and the brake carrier is constructed as a one-piece casting with at least one molded directional indicator arrow (10, 10′).

2. The vehicle brake (2) according to claim 1. Its features are, The brake carrier (6) has a carrier cheek (28) on the entry side (22) and / or the exit side (24), the carrier cheek at least partially surrounding the receiving space of the brake disc (16) and having an end face (30, 30′) facing away from the receiving space (16), wherein the at least one running direction mark (10, 10′) is arranged on the end face (30, 30′).

3. The vehicle brake (2) according to any one of the preceding claims. Its features are, Structural reinforcement is constructed in one, more, or all of the following forms: - The brake carrier (6) has a greater material thickness on the departure side (24) than on the entry side (22); - The width bw and / or height hw of the carrier cheek (28) on the departure side (24) is greater than the width bw' and / or height hw' of the carrier cheek (28) on the entry side (22); - The height hw of the carrier cheek (28) on the pressing side (19) is greater than the height hw of the carrier cheek (28) on the acting side (21).

4. The vehicle brake (2) according to any one of the preceding claims. Its features are, The running direction markers (10, 10′) are constructed as direction indicator arrows (10, 10′) with the arrowheads (32, 32′) pointing in the direction of the first rotation direction (11).

5. The vehicle brake (2) according to any one of the preceding claims. Its features are, The directional arrows (10, 10′) are configured to be raised relative to the surface of the brake carrier (6), and in particular relative to the end face (30, 30′).

6. The vehicle brake (2) according to any one of claims 1 to 4. Its features are, The directional arrows (10, 10′) are configured as recesses relative to the surface of the brake carrier (6), particularly relative to the end faces (30, 30′).

7. The vehicle brake (2) according to any one of claims 2 to 6. Its features are, The direction indicator arrows (10, 10′) are at least 25 mm long and at least 15 mm wide.

8. The vehicle brake (2) according to any one of claims 2 to 7. Its features are, The directional arrow (10, 10′) is at least 0.5 mm high or deep relative to the surface of the brake carrier (6).

9. The vehicle brake (2) according to any one of claims 2 to 8. Its features are, The directional arrows (10, 10′) have an outer signal coating to improve perceptibility.

10. The vehicle brake (2) according to any one of claims 2 to 9. Its features are, The directional arrows (10, 10′) have grooves on their surface.

11. The vehicle brake (2) according to any one of the preceding claims. Its features are, The brake carrier (6) has at least one carrier corner (38, 38′, 40, 40′) on the entry side (22) and the exit side (24) respectively for guiding and supporting the at least one brake pad (14, 26), wherein the carrier corner (38, 38′) on the exit side (24) has a greater height h than the carrier corner (38, 38′) on the entry side (22).

12. A vehicle, particularly a commercial vehicle, said vehicle being equipped with vehicle brakes (2), wherein, The vehicle brake (2) is constructed according to any one of claims 1 to 11.

13. A method for installing a vehicle brake (2) according to any one of claims 1 to 11, characterized in that, The method includes at least the following steps: Identify the direction indicator arrows (10, 10′) on the brake carrier (6). The direction indicator arrows (10, 10′) are made to point with their tips (32, 32′) toward the direction of the first rotation direction (11), wherein the first rotation direction (11) corresponds to the forward direction of the vehicle; The brake carrier (6) is connected to the vehicle by the fastening section (8) such that the brake disc enters the brake carrier (6) from the entry side (22) and leaves the brake carrier (6) from the exit side (24) when rotating in the first rotation direction (11).

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