A high-temperature material staged cooling waste heat stepwise recycling system

Abstract

The application relates to a high-temperature material grading cooling waste heat stepwise recycling system, belonging to the technical field of high-temperature material waste heat recycling, which comprises a high-temperature material grading cooling system, a steam generating system, a first power generation system and a second power generation system, wherein the high-temperature material grading cooling system comprises first roller waste heat recovery machines, high-temperature belt conveyors and second roller waste heat recovery machines arranged in a stepwise manner from high to low, and the discharge port of the first roller waste heat recovery machines is connected with the feeding port of the second roller waste heat recovery machines through the high-temperature belt conveyors. The application can comprehensively utilize the waste heat discharged in the high-temperature material cooling process, and realizes the maximization of waste heat resource utilization.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of high-temperature material waste heat recovery technology, and in particular to a high-temperature material staged cooling waste heat recovery and utilization system. Background Technology

[0002] In the production processes of steel, non-ferrous metal smelting, and building materials, large quantities of materials with temperatures ranging from 400 to 1300°C are generated. These high-temperature materials (such as steel slag and shale tailings) often need to be cooled to below 100°C before proceeding to the next process. High-temperature materials are commonly cooled using methods such as forced ventilation, water spraying, and natural cooling. However, during the cooling process, the heat carried by the high-temperature materials is often directly discharged as waste gas and wastewater, or not fully recovered and utilized. This results in a significant waste of waste heat resources and substantial environmental pollution. Current methods for treating the waste heat from these high-temperature materials, such as drum coolers, only aim to cool the materials down for the next process, without recovering the heat carried by the materials themselves.

[0003] Existing methods for recovering waste heat from high-temperature solid materials mostly employ fluidized bed air circulation heat exchange schemes. A typical prior art document is Chinese utility model patent CN212058342U, which discloses a high-temperature solid material waste heat recovery system. The system shell has a wind box in the lower section, a fluidized heat exchange chamber in the middle section, a filter in the upper section, and a clean air chamber at the top. A fluidizing plate is installed between the wind box and the fluidized heat exchange chamber. The filter outlet is connected to the clean air chamber, and the gas outlet of the clean air chamber forms a closed loop with the gas inlet of the wind box through a fan duct. The fluidized heat exchange chamber has a material inlet at the top and a material outlet at the bottom. This scheme uses air as the sole circulating heat exchange medium, achieving cooling and waste heat recovery of high-temperature solid materials through fluidization.

[0004] The waste heat recovery system has the following drawbacks: 1. Poor thermal properties of the heat exchange medium, resulting in high system fan energy consumption. This waste heat recovery system uses air as the circulating heat exchange medium. Air itself has low specific heat capacity and thermal conductivity, and its convective heat transfer and heat carrying capacity are far weaker than liquid working fluids such as water. Limited by the low heat capacity and low thermal conductivity of air, in order to ensure the material cooling effect and heat exchange load, a large-flow fan must be configured to increase the circulating air volume, leading to a significant increase in fan operating power consumption, high system operating costs, and poor overall energy-saving economy.

[0005] 2. Lack of graded cooling and tiered energy consumption design leads to serious waste of high-grade waste heat. This waste heat recovery system uses a single fluidized heat exchange chamber to homogenize and cool high-temperature materials. The waste heat from the high-temperature and low-temperature sections is mixed and recovered, making it impossible to utilize it in stages according to the heat energy grade. It is difficult to produce high-temperature hot water and saturated steam, and the high-grade waste heat is downgraded and inefficiently utilized, resulting in a low overall waste heat recovery and utilization rate. Summary of the Invention

[0006] In view of this, the purpose of this invention is to provide a high-temperature material staged cooling waste heat recovery and utilization system, which enables the comprehensive utilization of waste heat emitted during the cooling process of high-temperature materials, thereby maximizing the utilization of waste heat resources.

[0007] The technical solution adopted by the present invention to solve the above-mentioned technical problems is: a high-temperature material graded cooling waste heat recovery and utilization system, including a high-temperature material graded cooling system, a steam generation system and a first power generation system. The high-temperature material graded cooling system includes a first drum waste heat recovery machine, a high-temperature belt conveyor device and a second drum waste heat recovery machine arranged in a stepped manner from high to low. The discharge port of the first drum waste heat recovery machine is connected to the inlet of the second drum waste heat recovery machine through the high-temperature belt conveyor device. The steam generation system includes a steam generator and a high-temperature circulating water pump. The first power generation system includes a saturated condensing steam turbine and a steam turbine generator connected to the saturated condensing steam turbine. The first drum waste heat recovery unit has a first circulating water outlet and a first circulating water inlet. The first circulating water outlet is connected to the steam generator. The steam outlet of the steam generator is connected to the steam distribution cylinder. The outlet of the steam generator is connected in sequence to the high-temperature circulating water pump, the high-temperature water storage tank, the feed water pump, and the first circulating water inlet. The steam distribution cylinder is equipped with a steam pipeline for power generation. The steam pipeline for power generation is connected in sequence to the steam-water separator, the main steam valve, and the saturated condensing steam turbine. The exhaust steam outlet of the saturated condensing steam turbine is connected to the first condenser. The outlet of the first condenser is connected in sequence to the condensate pump, the shaft seal heater, and the high-temperature water storage tank.

[0008] As a preferred embodiment, the first drum waste heat recovery machine is equipped with a high-temperature hopper at its inlet, and the second drum waste heat recovery machine is equipped with a low-temperature hopper at its inlet.

[0009] As a preferred embodiment, the system also includes a silo. The discharge port of the second drum waste heat recovery machine is connected to the silo via a low-temperature belt conveyor. The second drum waste heat recovery machine, the low-temperature belt conveyor, and the silo are arranged in a stepped manner from high to low.

[0010] As a preferred embodiment, both the first and second drum waste heat recovery machines are water-cooled drum-type coolers, and both the high-temperature belt conveyor and the low-temperature belt conveyor are high-temperature resistant conveyor belts.

[0011] As a preferred embodiment, the steam distribution cylinder is also equipped with an industrial steam pipeline, which is connected to an industrial steam pipeline network; the saturated condensing steam turbine has a shaft seal leakage pipeline, which is connected to a shaft seal heater, and the shaft seal heater is connected to the outlet of the first condenser through a first bypass.

[0012] As a preferred option, the steam generator is also equipped with a periodic sewage discharge pipe and a steam passage. The steam passage is connected to the steam distribution cylinder. The high-temperature water storage tank is also connected to a water supply pipe, which is connected to a water source. The high-temperature circulating water pump is connected to the high-temperature water storage tank through a high-temperature return water pipe. The high-temperature return water pipe is also connected in parallel to a heat exchanger, which is connected to the industrial water supply network.

[0013] As a preferred embodiment, the system also includes a circulating cooling water system, which includes a circulating cooling water pump and a cooling tower. The cooling tower is connected to the circulating cooling water pump, and the circulating cooling water pump is connected to the cooling water inlet of the first condenser through a first cooling water inlet pipe. The cooling water outlet of the first condenser is connected to the cooling tower through a first cooling water outlet pipe.

[0014] As a preferred embodiment, a second power generation system is also included. The second power generation system includes a coiled tube heat exchanger, a magnetic levitation expander, a storage tank, and a working fluid pump. The second drum waste heat recovery unit has a second circulating water outlet and a second circulating water inlet. The coiled tube heat exchanger has a hot water inlet, a hot water outlet, a working fluid inlet, and a working fluid outlet. The second circulating water outlet is connected to the hot water inlet through a low-temperature hot water outlet pipe. The hot water outlet is sequentially connected to the circulating pump and the second circulating water inlet. The working fluid outlet of the coiled tube heat exchanger is sequentially connected to the magnetic levitation expander, the second condenser, the storage tank, and the working fluid pump. The outlet of the working fluid pump is connected to the working fluid inlet of the coiled tube heat exchanger.

[0015] As a preferred embodiment, the working fluid outlet of the coiled tube heat exchanger is connected to the second condenser via a second bypass.

[0016] As a preferred embodiment, the cooling water inlet of the second condenser is connected to the first cooling water inlet pipe through the second cooling water inlet pipe, and the cooling water outlet of the second condenser is connected to the first cooling water outlet pipe through the second cooling water outlet pipe.

[0017] The beneficial effects of this application are as follows: 1. This application achieves the efficient conversion of high-temperature waste heat resources by cooling high-temperature materials in stages, recovering waste heat in the high-temperature section to generate high-temperature water, saturated steam and electricity, meeting the comprehensive energy needs of enterprises, and decoupling the organic Rankine cycle system to generate low-quality hot water by recovering waste heat in the low-temperature section.

[0018] 2. This application integrates the evaporation and superheating of the working fluid into a single process by using a wound-tube heat exchanger, resulting in high compactness, small terminal temperature difference, and guaranteed heat exchange efficiency. By incorporating a magnetic levitation expander, it achieves oil-free, high-efficiency, and compact operation, ensuring power generation efficiency and realizing efficient waste heat conversion.

[0019] 3. This application establishes a two-stage cooling structure with a high-temperature section and a low-temperature section by setting up a first drum waste heat recovery machine, a high-temperature belt conveyor, and a second drum waste heat recovery machine arranged in a stepped manner. The high-temperature material first enters the first drum waste heat recovery machine for high-temperature cooling, releasing a large amount of sensible heat; then it is conveyed by the high-temperature belt conveyor to the second drum waste heat recovery machine for deep cooling to below 100°C in the low-temperature section. This effectively avoids the direct heat loss caused by one-time forced ventilation or water spray cooling, and significantly improves the waste heat recovery rate.

[0020] 4. This application includes a steam generator, a steam distribution cylinder, and a saturated condensing steam turbine, which converts the heat recovered from the high-temperature section into electrical energy (steam turbine generator set). This electrical energy is a general-purpose secondary energy source, which the enterprise can use directly or connect to the grid, avoiding waste caused by heat load mismatch. Simultaneously, an industrial steam pipeline is installed on the steam distribution cylinder to meet some of the enterprise's low-pressure steam needs; the heat exchanger can supply hot water to the industrial water network.

[0021] 5. The high-temperature section of this application's steam generation system forms a closed-loop water cycle with the first power generation system: the steam generator produces steam to generate electricity, and the exhaust steam returns to the high-temperature storage tank after passing through condensation, a condensate pump, and a shaft seal heater. It is then sent back to the first drum waste heat recovery unit by a high-temperature circulating water pump, forming a complete cycle and significantly reducing makeup water requirements and wastewater discharge. The low-temperature section's second power generation system also uses a working fluid circulation loop. The working fluid returns to the coiled tube heat exchanger after expansion, condensation, a storage tank, and a working fluid pump, achieving closed-loop operation with no working fluid loss or discharge.

[0022] 6. The cooling water for both the first and second condensers in this application is taken from the same circulating cooling water system (cooling tower + circulating cooling water pump), and is connected in parallel through pipelines, which reduces equipment investment and operating energy consumption.

[0023] 7. The steam generator of this application is equipped with a regular sewage discharge pipeline to ensure water quality. The steam leakage from the turbine shaft seal is recovered to the shaft seal heater to reduce working fluid loss. A second bypass is set between the wound tube heat exchanger and the second condenser, which can be directly connected when the magnetic levitation expander is under maintenance or malfunctions, thereby improving the maintainability and operational continuity of the system. Attached Figure Description

[0024] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the present invention.

[0025] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the magnetic levitation expansion integrated machine in this invention.

[0026] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the wound tube heat exchanger in this invention.

[0027] Diagram markings: 1. High-temperature hopper; 2. First drum waste heat recovery unit; 3. High-temperature discharge pipe; 4. High-temperature belt conveyor; 5. Low-temperature hopper; 6. Second drum waste heat recovery unit; 7. Low-temperature discharge pipe; 8. Low-temperature belt conveyor; 9. Silo; 10. First circulating water outlet; 11. Heating heat exchanger; 12. Steam generator; 13. Steam passage; 14. High-temperature return water pipe; 15. Periodic sewage discharge pipe; 16. Make-up water pipe; 17. High-temperature circulating water pump; 18. First circulating water inlet; 19. Steam separator; 20. Industrial steam pipe; 21. Power generation steam pipe; 22. Steam-water separator; 23. Main steam valve; 24. Saturated condensing steam turbine; 25. Steam turbine generator; 26. First... 27. Condenser, 28. Cooling tower, 29. Circulating cooling water pump, 30. Condensate pump, 31. Shaft seal heater, 32. Low temperature hot water outlet pipe, 33. Wound tube heat exchanger, 34. Hot water inlet, 35. Hot water outlet, 36. Working fluid inlet, 37. Working fluid outlet, 38. Tube side, 39. Shell side, 30. Circulating pump, 31. Magnetic levitation expander, 32. Primary expander, 33. Magnetic levitation thrust bearing, 34. Permanent magnet generator, 35. Primary and secondary connecting pipe, 36. Magnetic levitation support bearing, 37. Secondary expander, 38. Secondary condenser, 39. Storage tank, 40. Working fluid pump, 31. Secondary bypass, 42. High temperature water storage tank, 43. Feed water pump. Detailed Implementation

[0028] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of this invention clearer, the invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that, in the description of this invention, unless otherwise stated, "a plurality of" means two or more; the terms "upper," "lower," "left," "right," "inner," "outer," "front end," "rear end," "head," "tail," etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as a limitation of the invention. Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," "third," etc., are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.

[0029] Please see Figure 1-3This invention provides a high-temperature material staged cooling waste heat recovery system, including a high-temperature material staged cooling system, a steam generation system, and a first power generation system. The high-temperature material staged cooling system includes a first drum waste heat recovery machine 2, a high-temperature belt conveyor 4, and a second drum waste heat recovery machine 6 arranged in a stepped manner from high to low. The discharge port of the first drum waste heat recovery machine 2 is connected to the inlet of the second drum waste heat recovery machine 6 through the high-temperature belt conveyor 4. The steam generation system includes a steam generator 12 and a high-temperature circulating water pump 17. The first power generation system includes a saturated condensing steam turbine 24 and a steam turbine generator 25 connected to the saturated condensing steam turbine 24. The heat recovery unit 2 has a first circulating water outlet 10 and a first circulating water inlet 18. The first circulating water outlet 10 is connected to a steam generator 12. The steam outlet of the steam generator 12 is connected to a steam distribution cylinder 19. The outlet of the steam generator 12 is connected in sequence to a high-temperature circulating water pump 17, a high-temperature water storage tank 39, a feed water pump 40, and the first circulating water inlet 18. The steam distribution cylinder 19 is equipped with a power generation steam pipeline 21. The power generation steam pipeline 21 is connected in sequence to a steam-water separator 22, a main steam valve 23, and a saturated condensing steam turbine 24. The exhaust steam outlet of the saturated condensing steam turbine 24 is connected to a first condenser 26. The outlet of the first condenser 26 is connected in sequence to a condensate pump 29, a shaft seal heater 30, and a high-temperature water storage tank 39.

[0030] The first drum waste heat recovery machine 2 has a high-temperature hopper 1 at its inlet, and the second drum waste heat recovery machine 6 has a low-temperature hopper 5 at its inlet. It also includes a hopper 9. The outlet of the second drum waste heat recovery machine 6 is connected to the hopper 9 via a low-temperature belt conveyor 8. The second drum waste heat recovery machine 6, the low-temperature belt conveyor 8, and the hopper 9 are arranged in a stepped manner from high to low. Both the first drum waste heat recovery machine 2 and the second drum waste heat recovery machine 6 are water-cooled drum-type coolers. Both the high-temperature belt conveyor 4 and the low-temperature belt conveyor 8 use high-temperature resistant conveyor belts. The first drum waste heat recovery machine 2 has a high-temperature discharge pipe 3, and the second drum waste heat recovery machine 6 has a low-temperature discharge pipe 7. The high-temperature discharge pipe 3 is located below the high-temperature belt conveyor 4, the conveying end of the high-temperature belt conveyor 4 is located above the low-temperature hopper 5, the low-temperature discharge pipe 7 is located below the low-temperature belt conveyor 8, and the conveying end of the low-temperature belt conveyor 8 is located above the hopper 9. The length of the first drum waste heat recovery machine 2 is longer than the length of the second drum waste heat recovery machine 6.

[0031] Specifically, the steam distribution cylinder 19 is also equipped with an industrial steam pipeline 20, which connects to the industrial steam network. The saturated condensing steam turbine 24 has a shaft seal leakage steam pipeline, which is connected to the shaft seal heater 30. The shaft seal heater 30 is connected to the outlet of the first condenser 26 via a first bypass. The shaft seal heater 30 is used to recover the heat of the shaft seal leakage steam and heat the condensate, raising the condensate temperature by 5-8°C and reducing coal consumption for power generation. The shaft seal heater 30 is a shell-and-tube heat exchanger. After the shaft seal leakage steam exchanges heat with the condensate, the steam becomes low-temperature hot water and returns to the condenser hot well, forming a closed loop and achieving steam-water balance. The steam generator 12 is also equipped with a periodic drain pipe 15 and a steam passage 13. The steam passage 13 is connected to the steam distribution cylinder 19. The high-temperature water storage tank 39 is also connected to a water supply pipe 16, which is connected to a water source. The high-temperature circulating water pump 17 is connected to the high-temperature water storage tank 39 through a high-temperature return water pipe 14. The high-temperature return water pipe 14 is also connected in parallel to a heat exchanger 11, which is connected to the industrial water supply network. The hot-side inlet and hot-side outlet of the heat exchanger 11 are respectively connected to the high-temperature return water pipe 14 through pipelines, and the cold-side inlet and cold-side outlet of the heat exchanger 11 are respectively connected to the industrial water supply network through pipelines.

[0032] The steam distributor 19 has a regulating function, which can adjust the steam ratio between industrial steam and power generation steam according to their respective needs. When the steam generator 12 produces saturated steam and it flows into the steam distributor 19, the steam distributor 19 is used to collect, stabilize, and distribute the low-pressure steam as needed. By comparing the economic efficiency of steam power generation and external steam supply, the flow distribution ratio of low-pressure steam is adjusted in real time to dynamically match the steam demand for power generation and external steam supply, thereby achieving efficient and optimal utilization of low-pressure steam in a cascade manner and maximizing overall production economic benefits. The inlet steam pressure of the saturated condensing steam turbine 24 meets the requirements of 0.5-1.2 MPa.

[0033] The high-temperature hot water flowing out of the first circulating water outlet 10 of the first drum waste heat recovery machine 2 enters the steam generator 12 to generate saturated steam and high-temperature water. The saturated steam enters the steam distribution cylinder 19 through the steam channel 13. The high-temperature water enters the heat exchanger 11 through the high-temperature circulating water pump 17 to exchange heat with the industrial water and then cools down. The industrial water is heated and then supplied to the enterprise. After the heat exchange and cooling, the high-temperature water enters the high-temperature storage tank 39 through the high-temperature return water pipe 14. Finally, it is sent back to the first circulating water inlet 18 of the first drum waste heat recovery machine 2 through the water supply pump 40. The water supply pipe 16 is connected to the high-temperature storage tank 39 to provide makeup water.

[0034] More specifically, it also includes a circulating cooling water system and a second power generation system. The circulating cooling water system includes a circulating cooling water pump 28 and a cooling tower 27. The cooling tower 27 is connected to the circulating cooling water pump 28. The circulating cooling water pump 28 is connected to the cooling water inlet of the first condenser 26 through a first cooling water inlet pipe. The cooling water outlet of the first condenser 26 is connected to the cooling tower 27 through a first cooling water outlet pipe. The exhaust steam from the saturated condensing steam turbine 24 enters the first condenser 26 and becomes condensate. The first condenser 26, the cooling tower 27, and the circulating cooling water pump 28 constitute a closed-loop cooling circulating water system for the turbine exhaust steam.

[0035] In addition, the second power generation system includes a coiled tube heat exchanger 32, a magnetic levitation expander 34, a storage tank 36, and a working fluid pump 37. The second drum waste heat recovery machine 6 has a second circulating water outlet and a second circulating water inlet. The coiled tube heat exchanger 32 has a hot water inlet 320, a hot water outlet 321, a working fluid inlet 322, and a working fluid outlet 323. The second circulating water outlet is connected to the hot water inlet 320 through a low-temperature hot water outlet pipe 31. The hot water outlet 321 is connected in sequence to the circulating pump 33 and the second circulating water inlet. The working fluid outlet 323 of the coiled tube heat exchanger 32 is connected in sequence to the magnetic levitation expander 34, the second condenser 35, the storage tank 36, and the working fluid pump 37. The outlet of the working fluid pump 37 is connected to the working fluid inlet 322 of the coiled tube heat exchanger 32. The magnetic levitation expander 34 includes a primary expander 346, a secondary expander 351, a permanent magnet generator 348, a magnetic levitation thrust bearing 347, a magnetic levitation support bearing 350, and a primary-secondary connecting pipe 349. The primary expander 346 and the secondary expander 351 are connected through the primary-secondary connecting pipe 349. The primary expander 346 is connected to the working fluid outlet 323, and the secondary expander 351 is connected to the second condenser 35. The permanent magnet generator 348 has two input shafts. The magnetic levitation thrust bearing 347 and the magnetic levitation support bearing 350 are used to support the two input shafts. The primary expander 346 and the secondary expander 351 are respectively connected to the two input shafts.

[0036] The working fluid outlet 323 of the coiled tube heat exchanger 32 is connected to the second condenser 35 via a second bypass 38. The cooling water inlet of the second condenser 35 is connected to the first cooling water inlet pipe via a second cooling water inlet pipe, and the cooling water outlet of the second condenser 35 is connected to the first cooling water outlet pipe via a second cooling water outlet pipe. That is, the cooling water outlet of the second condenser 35 is connected in parallel with the cooling water outlet of the first condenser 26 and then connected to the cooling tower 27. The coiled tube heat exchanger 32 has a tube side 324 and a shell side 325. The working fluid of the second power generation system uses an environmentally friendly organic working fluid, which can be a single organic working fluid or a mixture of organic working fluids. Commonly used organic working fluids include R245fa, R134a, R600a, and R290. The working fluid flows through the tube side 324, and the hot water flows through the shell side 325, achieving counter-current heat exchange to ensure heat exchange efficiency.

[0037] This application establishes a two-stage cooling structure consisting of a first drum waste heat recovery unit 2, a high-temperature belt conveyor 4, and a second drum waste heat recovery unit 6 arranged in a stepped configuration. High-grade waste heat from the high-temperature section can be centrally recovered for use in heating, steam production, and process preheating. Low-grade waste heat from the low-temperature section is used to generate electricity through a coupled organic Rankine cycle for hot water production, forming a tiered and highly efficient waste heat utilization system. This helps enterprises save energy and reduce carbon emissions, achieving efficient resource recovery of waste heat.

[0038] The working principle of the high-temperature material grading and cooling system of this application is as follows: the high-temperature material passes through the high-temperature hopper 1, the first drum waste heat recovery machine 2, the high-temperature discharge pipe 3, the high-temperature belt conveyor 4, the low-temperature hopper 5, the second drum waste heat recovery machine 6, the low-temperature discharge pipe 7, and the low-temperature belt conveyor 8 in sequence before entering the silo 9.

[0039] The working principle of the steam generation system is as follows: the high-temperature material exchanges heat with the cooling water in the first drum waste heat recovery machine 2 to generate high-temperature and high-pressure water. The high-temperature and high-pressure water enters the steam generator 12 to generate saturated steam and saturated high-temperature water.

[0040] The working principle of the first power generation system is as follows: the steam generator 12 generates saturated steam which enters the steam distribution cylinder 19, steam-water separator 22, main steam valve 23 and saturated condensing steam turbine 24 in sequence. After the saturated condensing steam turbine 24 expands and does work, the exhaust steam enters the first condenser 26 and becomes condensate. The condensate is then mixed with the saturated condensate generated by the steam generator 12 through the condensate pump 29, shaft seal heater 30 and steam generator 12, and then enters the first drum waste heat recovery machine 2 for circulation heating.

[0041] The working principle of the second power generation system is as follows: the second drum waste heat recovery machine 6 generates low-temperature water which enters the coiled tube heat exchanger 32 to heat the organic working fluid to a superheated state. The organic working fluid then enters the magnetic levitation expansion machine 34 to do work. After doing work, the working fluid enters the second condenser 35 to condense and enters the storage tank 36. The condensed working fluid is then pumped back into the coiled tube heat exchanger 32 by the working fluid pump 37 to form a closed loop.

[0042] It should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the present invention, but the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments. Any simple modifications, equivalent changes and alterations made to the above embodiments based on the technical essence of the present invention shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A system for the graded cooling and cascade recovery and utilization of waste heat from high-temperature materials, characterized in that, It includes a high-temperature material grading and cooling system, a steam generation system and a first power generation system. The high-temperature material grading and cooling system includes a first drum waste heat recovery machine (2), a high-temperature belt conveyor (4) and a second drum waste heat recovery machine (6) arranged in a stepped manner from high to low. The discharge port of the first drum waste heat recovery machine (2) is connected to the inlet of the second drum waste heat recovery machine (6) through the high-temperature belt conveyor (4). The steam generation system includes a steam generator (12) and a high-temperature circulating water pump (17). The first power generation system includes a saturated condensing steam turbine (24) and a steam turbine generator (25) connected to the saturated condensing steam turbine (24). The first drum waste heat recovery unit (2) has a first circulating water outlet (10) and a first circulating water inlet (18). The first circulating water outlet (10) is connected to the steam generator (12). The steam outlet of the steam generator (12) is connected to the steam distribution cylinder (19). The outlet of the steam generator (12) is connected in sequence to the high-temperature circulating water pump (17). The system includes a high-temperature circulating water pump (17), a high-temperature water storage tank (39), a feed water pump (40), and a first circulating water inlet (18). A power generation steam pipeline (21) is provided on the steam distribution cylinder (19). The power generation steam pipeline (21) is connected in sequence to a steam-water separator (22), a main steam valve (23), and a saturated condensing steam turbine (24). The exhaust steam outlet of the saturated condensing steam turbine (24) is connected to the first condenser (26). The outlet of the first condenser (26) is connected in sequence to a condensate pump (29), a shaft seal heater (30), and a high-temperature water storage tank (39).

2. The high-temperature material staged cooling waste heat recovery and utilization system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The first drum waste heat recovery machine (2) is provided with a high temperature hopper (1) at the feed inlet, and the second drum waste heat recovery machine (6) is provided with a low temperature hopper (5) at the feed inlet.

3. A high-temperature material staged cooling waste heat recovery and utilization system according to claim 2, characterized in that, It also includes a hopper (9). The outlet of the second drum waste heat recovery machine (6) is connected to the hopper (9) through a low-temperature belt conveyor (8). The second drum waste heat recovery machine (6), the low-temperature belt conveyor (8) and the hopper (9) are arranged in a stepped manner from high to low.

4. A high-temperature material staged cooling waste heat recovery and utilization system according to claim 3, characterized in that, The first drum waste heat recovery machine (2) and the second drum waste heat recovery machine (6) are both water-cooled drum type coolers, and the high-temperature belt conveyor (4) and the low-temperature belt conveyor (8) are both high-temperature resistant conveyor belts.

5. A high-temperature material staged cooling waste heat recovery and utilization system according to claim 4, characterized in that, The steam distribution cylinder (19) is also provided with an industrial steam pipeline (20), which is connected to the industrial steam pipeline network; the saturated condensing steam turbine (24) has a shaft seal leakage pipeline, which is connected to the shaft seal heater (30), and the shaft seal heater (30) is connected to the outlet of the first condenser (26) through a first bypass.

6. A high-temperature material staged cooling waste heat recovery and utilization system according to claim 5, characterized in that, The steam generator (12) is also equipped with a periodic sewage discharge pipe (15) and a steam passage (13). The steam passage (13) is connected to the steam distribution cylinder (19). The high-temperature water storage tank (39) is also connected to a water supply pipe (16). The water supply pipe (16) is connected to a water source. The high-temperature circulating water pump (17) is connected to the high-temperature water storage tank (39) through the high-temperature return water pipe (14). The high-temperature return water pipe (14) is also connected in parallel to a heat exchanger (11). The heat exchanger (11) is connected to the industrial water supply network.

7. A high-temperature material staged cooling waste heat recovery and utilization system according to claim 1, characterized in that, It also includes a circulating cooling water system, which includes a circulating cooling water pump (28) and a cooling tower (27). The cooling tower (27) is connected to the circulating cooling water pump (28). The circulating cooling water pump (28) is connected to the cooling water inlet of the first condenser (26) through the first cooling water inlet pipe. The cooling water outlet of the first condenser (26) is connected to the cooling tower (27) through the first cooling water outlet pipe.

8. A high-temperature material staged cooling waste heat recovery and utilization system according to claim 7, characterized in that, It also includes a second power generation system, which includes a coiled tube heat exchanger (32), a magnetic levitation expander (34), a storage tank (36), and a working fluid pump (37). The second drum waste heat recovery machine (6) has a second circulating water outlet and a second circulating water inlet. The coiled tube heat exchanger (32) has a hot water inlet (320), a hot water outlet (321), a working fluid inlet (322), and a working fluid outlet (323). The second circulating water outlet is connected to the hot water inlet (320) through a low-temperature hot water outlet pipe (31). The hot water outlet (321) is connected in sequence to the circulating pump (33) and the second circulating water inlet. The working fluid outlet (323) of the coiled tube heat exchanger (32) is connected in sequence to the magnetic levitation expander (34), the second condenser (35), the storage tank (36), and the working fluid pump (37). The outlet of the working fluid pump (37) is connected to the working fluid inlet (322) of the coiled tube heat exchanger (32).

9. A high-temperature material staged cooling waste heat recovery and utilization system according to claim 8, characterized in that, The working fluid outlet (323) of the coiled tube heat exchanger (32) is connected to the second condenser (35) via a second bypass (38).

10. A high-temperature material staged cooling waste heat recovery and utilization system according to claim 9, characterized in that, The cooling water inlet of the second condenser (35) is connected to the first cooling water inlet pipe through the second cooling water inlet pipe, and the cooling water outlet of the second condenser (35) is connected to the first cooling water outlet pipe through the second cooling water outlet pipe.

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