Combined heat and power system for internal combustion engines

Abstract

This invention provides a combined heat and power system based on a gas turbine unit, belonging to the fields of power, refrigeration, and heat pump technology. Externally, there is an air connection to the internal combustion engine, and an external fuel passage connecting the internal combustion engine to the engine. The internal combustion engine also has a gas passage connecting to the outside via a steam generator. The internal combustion engine also has a cooling medium passage connecting to the outside. The absorber has a dilute solution pipeline connecting to the generator via a solution pump and a solution heat exchanger. The generator also has a concentrated solution pipeline connecting to the absorber via a solution heat exchanger. The generator connects to the low-pressure steam inlet of the ejector, and the steam generator connects to the high-pressure steam inlet of the ejector. The ejector connects to the condenser, which is connected to the steam generator via a booster pump. The condenser connects to the evaporator via a throttling valve, and the evaporator connects to the absorber. The absorber and condenser have heated medium passages, and the evaporator has a medium-temperature heat medium passage, both connected to the outside, forming an internal combustion engine-type combined heat and power system.

Description

Technical fields:

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of power, refrigeration and heat pump technology. Background technology:

[0002] High-quality fuels, typically represented by natural gas, gasoline, and diesel, are high-temperature heat sources with temperatures exceeding several thousand degrees Celsius. Whether for power applications, heating and cooling utilization, or combined heat and power systems, it is necessary to minimize irreversible temperature losses and fully leverage the leading role of high-quality fuels.

[0003] Internal combustion engine devices that utilize high-quality fuel to achieve thermal conversion have the advantage of utilizing the thermal energy of the high-temperature section of the gas. The key issue is to effectively utilize the cooling heat load and the gas emission heat load.

[0004] Absorption heat pump technology has the advantages of low manufacturing cost and the ability to directly use thermal energy as a driving energy source; however, its working range and application fields are greatly limited by the properties of the solution and refrigerant medium.

[0005] An ejector is a pressure-boosting component with advantages such as simple structure, reliable operation, low investment, and long service life. More importantly, an ejector is also a component that can effectively utilize high-temperature heat loads, which helps improve energy efficiency.

[0006] Based on the fundamental principles of simple and efficient use of high-quality fuels for refrigeration / heating / steam production / power, this invention presents a combined heat and power system for internal combustion engines that integrates technologies, has a reasonable process, low cost, wide parameter range, and achieves efficient energy utilization. Summary of the Invention:

[0007] The main objective of this invention is to provide a combined heat and power system for internal combustion engines. The specific contents of the invention are described in detail below:

[0008] 1. An internal combustion engine-type combined heat and power system mainly consists of an internal combustion engine, compressor, high-temperature heat exchanger, absorber, solution pump, solution heat exchanger, generator, injector, steam generator, condenser, booster pump, throttle valve, and evaporator. Externally, it has an air passage connecting to the internal combustion engine via the compressor and high-temperature heat exchanger; an external fuel passage connecting to the internal combustion engine; a gas passage connecting the internal combustion engine to the steam generator and then to the outside; and a cooling medium passage connecting the internal combustion engine to the outside. The absorber has a dilute solution pipeline connecting to the generator via the solution pump and solution heat exchanger; the generator also has a concentrated solution pipeline connecting to the absorber via the solution heat exchanger. There is also a refrigerant vapor passage connecting to the low-pressure steam inlet of the ejector, a refrigerant vapor passage connecting the high-pressure steam inlet of the ejector to the steam generator, a medium-pressure refrigerant vapor passage connecting the ejector to the condenser, a refrigerant liquid pipeline connecting the condenser to the steam generator via a booster pump, a refrigerant liquid pipeline connecting the condenser to the evaporator via a throttling valve, a refrigerant vapor passage connecting the evaporator to the absorber, a high-temperature heat exchanger connecting to the outside via a high-temperature heat medium passage, and both the absorber and condenser connecting to the outside via heated medium passages. The evaporator also has a medium-temperature heat medium passage connecting to the outside. The internal combustion engine connects to the compressor and transmits power, forming an internal combustion engine-type combined heat and power system.

[0009] 2. An internal combustion engine-type combined heat and power system is an internal combustion engine-type combined heat and power system described in item 1, wherein the high-temperature heat exchanger and its high-temperature heat medium channel connected to the outside are eliminated, and a heating furnace and a heat source regenerator are added. There is an external fuel channel connected to the heating furnace, and an external air channel connected to the heating furnace via the heat source regenerator. The heating furnace also has a gas channel connected to the outside via the heat source regenerator. The external air channel connected to the internal combustion engine via the compressor and the high-temperature heat exchanger is changed to an external air channel connected to the internal combustion engine via the compressor and the heating furnace, thus forming an internal combustion engine-type combined heat and power system.

[0010] 3. An internal combustion engine combined heat and power system is an internal combustion engine combined heat and power system described in item 1, wherein the high-temperature heat exchanger and its high-temperature heat medium passage connected to the outside are eliminated, a combustion chamber is added, and an external fuel passage is connected to the combustion chamber. The external air passage connected to the internal combustion engine via the compressor and the high-temperature heat exchanger is changed to an external air passage connected to the combustion chamber via the compressor. The combustion chamber also has an initial gas passage connected to the internal combustion engine, thus forming an internal combustion engine combined heat and power system.

[0011] 4. The internal combustion engine type combined heat and power system is the internal combustion engine type combined heat and power system described in item 1, except that the high temperature heat exchanger and its high temperature heat medium channel connected to the outside are eliminated, the compressor is eliminated, and the external air channel connected to the internal combustion engine through the compressor and high temperature heat exchanger is changed to an external air channel connected to the internal combustion engine, thus forming an internal combustion engine type combined heat and power system.

[0012] 5. An internal combustion engine combined heat and power system, which is an internal combustion engine combined heat and power system described in any of items 1-4, with the addition of a second absorber, a second solution pump, a second solution heat exchanger, and a second generator. The absorber is modified from having a dilute solution pipeline connected to the generator via the solution pump and solution heat exchanger to having a dilute solution pipeline connected to the second absorber via the solution pump and solution heat exchanger. The second absorber also has a dilute solution pipeline connected to the generator via the second solution pump and second solution heat exchanger. The generator is modified from having a concentrated solution pipeline connected to the absorber via the solution heat exchanger to having a concentrated solution pipeline connected to the second generator via the second solution heat exchanger. The second generator also has a concentrated solution pipeline connected to the absorber via the solution heat exchanger. The second generator also has a refrigerant vapor channel connected to the second absorber. The generator is modified from having a gas combustion channel connected to the outside to having a gas combustion channel connected to the outside after the second generator. The second absorber also has a heated medium channel connected to the outside, thus forming an internal combustion engine combined heat and power system.

[0013] 6. An internal combustion engine combined heat and power system is formed by adding a second solution pump, a second solution heat exchanger, a second generator, and a second throttle valve to any of the internal combustion engine combined heat and power systems described in items 1-4. The absorber is provided with a dilute solution pipeline connected to the second generator via the second solution pump and the second solution heat exchanger. The second generator also has a concentrated solution pipeline connected to the absorber via the second solution heat exchanger. The generator is adjusted so that it has a refrigerant vapor channel connected to the low-pressure steam inlet of the injector. After the generator has a refrigerant vapor channel connected to the second generator, the second generator also has a refrigerant liquid pipeline connected to the condenser via the second throttle valve. The second generator also has a refrigerant vapor channel connected to the low-pressure steam inlet of the injector, thus forming an internal combustion engine combined heat and power system.

[0014] 7. An internal combustion engine combined heat and power system is formed by adding a second solution heat exchanger, a second generator, and a second throttle valve to any of the internal combustion engine combined heat and power systems described in items 1-4. The absorber is connected to the generator via a dilute solution pipeline through a solution pump and a solution heat exchanger. The absorber is then connected to the generator via a dilute solution pipeline through a solution pump, a solution heat exchanger, and a second solution heat exchanger. The generator is connected to the absorber via a concentrated solution pipeline through a solution heat exchanger. The generator is then connected to the second generator via a concentrated solution pipeline through a second solution heat exchanger. The second generator is then connected to the absorber via a concentrated solution pipeline through a solution heat exchanger. The generator is connected to the injector's low-pressure steam inlet via a refrigerant vapor channel. The second generator is then connected to the condenser via a refrigerant liquid pipeline through a second throttle valve. The second generator also has a refrigerant vapor channel connected to the injector's low-pressure steam inlet, thus forming an internal combustion engine combined heat and power system.

[0015] 8. An internal combustion engine combined heat and power system is formed by adding a second solution pump, a second solution heat exchanger, a second generator, and a second throttle valve to any of the internal combustion engine combined heat and power systems described in items 1-4. The absorber is connected to the generator via a dilute solution pipeline through the solution pump and solution heat exchanger. The absorber is then connected to the second generator via the same dilute solution pipeline. The second generator is further connected to the generator via a concentrated solution pipeline through the second solution pump and the second solution heat exchanger. The generator is then connected to the absorber via a concentrated solution pipeline through the solution heat exchanger. The generator is then connected to the absorber via the second solution heat exchanger and the solution heat exchanger. The generator is connected to the injector's low-pressure steam inlet via a refrigerant vapor channel. The second generator is then connected to the condenser via a refrigerant liquid pipeline through the second throttle valve. The second generator also has a refrigerant vapor channel connected to the injector's low-pressure steam inlet, thus forming an internal combustion engine combined heat and power system.

[0016] 9. An internal combustion engine combined heat and power system is formed by adding a two-phase expander and replacing the throttle valve to any of the internal combustion engine combined heat and power systems described in items 1-5, thus forming an internal combustion engine combined heat and power system.

[0017] 10. An internal combustion engine combined heat and power system is formed by adding a nozzle to any of the internal combustion engine combined heat and power systems described in items 1-5, replacing the throttle valve, adding a diffuser, and adjusting the connection between the refrigerant vapor passage of the evaporator and the absorber to be such that the refrigerant vapor passage of the evaporator is connected to the absorber via the diffuser, thus forming an internal combustion engine combined heat and power system.

[0018] 11. An internal combustion engine combined heat and power system is formed by adding a second compressor to any of the internal combustion engine combined heat and power systems described in items 1-5, adjusting the generator's refrigerant vapor passage to connect to the injector's low-pressure steam inlet, so that the generator's refrigerant vapor passage connects to the injector's low-pressure steam inlet via the second compressor, and the internal combustion engine is connected to the second compressor to transmit power, thus forming an internal combustion engine combined heat and power system.

[0019] 12. An internal combustion engine combined heat and power system is formed by adding a second compressor to any of the internal combustion engine combined heat and power systems described in items 1-5, adjusting the connection between the refrigerant vapor passage of the evaporator and the absorber so that the refrigerant vapor passage of the evaporator is connected to the absorber after passing through the second compressor, and the internal combustion engine is connected to the second compressor to transmit power, thus forming an internal combustion engine combined heat and power system.

[0020] 13. An internal combustion engine combined heat and power system is formed by adding a nozzle and replacing the throttle valve to any of the internal combustion engine combined heat and power systems described in items 1-5, adding a dual-energy compressor, adjusting the connection between the evaporator refrigerant vapor passage and the absorber to connect the evaporator refrigerant vapor passage to the absorber via the dual-energy compressor, and connecting the internal combustion engine to the dual-energy compressor to transmit power, thus forming an internal combustion engine combined heat and power system.

[0021] 14. An internal combustion engine combined heat and power system is formed by adjusting the internal combustion engine's gas passage to connect the internal combustion engine to the steam generator and then to the external environment in any of the internal combustion engine combined heat and power systems described in items 1-4 and 6-8.

[0022] 15. An internal combustion engine combined heat and power system is formed by adjusting the condenser's condensate pipeline connected to the steam generator via a booster pump to an external liquid medium pipeline connected to the steam generator via a booster pump; adjusting the generator's refrigerant vapor channel to connect to the injector's low-pressure steam inlet to a refrigerant vapor channel connected to the condenser; adjusting the injector's medium-pressure refrigerant vapor channel to connect to the condenser to a user steam channel connected to the outside; and adjusting the absorber and condenser's heated medium channels to connect to the outside to a heated medium channel connected to the injector's low-pressure steam inlet after passing through the absorber and condenser.

[0023] 16. An internal combustion engine combined heat and power system is any one of the internal combustion engine combined heat and power systems described in items 1-13 and 15, with the addition of a booster pump, a steam generator, and an injector. The internal combustion engine's gas passage connecting to the steam generator is adjusted to connect to the steam generator after the internal combustion engine's gas passage passes through the booster pump. The absorber and condenser's heating medium passages connecting to the outside are adjusted to connect to the low-pressure steam inlet of the booster injector after the absorber and condenser. An external liquid medium pipeline connects to the booster pump and the booster pump. The booster steam generator also has a steam passage connecting to the high-pressure steam inlet of the booster injector. The booster injector also has a user steam passage connecting to the outside, thus forming an internal combustion engine combined heat and power system.

[0024] 17. An internal combustion engine combined heat and power system is any one of the internal combustion engine combined heat and power systems described in item 14, with the addition of a booster pump, a steam generator, and an injector. The internal combustion engine's gas passage connecting to the generator is adjusted to connect to the generator via the booster steam generator. The absorber and condenser's heated medium passages connecting to the outside are adjusted to connect to the low-pressure steam inlet of the booster injector via the absorber and condenser. An external liquid medium pipeline connects to the booster pump and the booster steam generator. The booster steam generator also has a steam passage connecting to the high-pressure steam inlet of the booster injector. The booster injector also has a user steam passage connecting to the outside, thus forming an internal combustion engine combined heat and power system.

[0025] 18. An internal combustion engine combined heat and power system is any one of the internal combustion engine combined heat and power systems described in items 1-17, with the addition of a heater, and the gas passage connecting to the outside being adjusted to a gas passage connecting to the outside after passing through the heater. The heater also has a heated medium passage connected to the outside, thus forming an internal combustion engine combined heat and power system.

[0026] 19. An internal combustion engine combined heat and power system is formed by eliminating the cooling medium passage connecting the internal combustion engine to the outside and eliminating the evaporator and its medium-temperature heat medium passage connecting to the outside in any of the internal combustion engine combined heat and power systems described in items 1-18; and adjusting the condenser to have a condensate line connected to the evaporator via a throttle valve and the evaporator to have a refrigerant vapor passage connected to the absorber, so that the condenser has a condensate line connected to the internal combustion engine via a throttle valve and the internal combustion engine has a refrigerant vapor passage connected to the absorber, thus forming an internal combustion engine combined heat and power system.

[0027] 20. An internal combustion engine combined heat and power system is defined as follows: in any of the internal combustion engine combined heat and power systems described in items 1-18, the cooling medium passage connecting the internal combustion engine to the outside is eliminated, as are the evaporator and its intermediate-temperature heat medium passage connecting to the outside; an intermediate-temperature heat exchanger is added, and the condenser is connected to the evaporator via a throttling valve, and the evaporator is connected to the absorber via a refrigerant vapor passage. The condenser is then connected to the internal combustion engine and the intermediate-temperature heat exchanger via a throttling valve, and the intermediate-temperature heat exchanger is further connected to the absorber via a refrigerant vapor passage. The intermediate-temperature heat exchanger also has an intermediate-temperature heat medium passage connecting to the outside, thus forming an internal combustion engine combined heat and power system. Attached image description:

[0028] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the first structure and process of the combined heat and power system for internal combustion engines provided by the present invention.

[0029] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the second structure and process of the combined heat and power system for internal combustion engines provided by the present invention.

[0030] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the third structure and process of the combined heat and power system for internal combustion engines provided by the present invention.

[0031] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the fourth structure and process of the combined heat and power system for internal combustion engines provided by the present invention.

[0032] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the fifth structure and process of the combined heat and power system for internal combustion engines provided by the present invention.

[0033] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the sixth structure and process of the combined heat and power system for internal combustion engines provided by the present invention.

[0034] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the seventh structure and process of the combined heat and power system for internal combustion engines provided by the present invention.

[0035] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the eighth structure and process of the combined heat and power system for internal combustion engines provided by the present invention.

[0036] Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the ninth structure and process of the combined heat and power system for internal combustion engines provided by the present invention.

[0037] Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram of the 10th structure and process of the combined heat and power system for internal combustion engines provided by the present invention.

[0038] Figure 11 This is a schematic diagram of the 11th structure and process of the combined heat and power system for internal combustion engines provided by the present invention.

[0039] Figure 12 This is a schematic diagram of the 12th structure and process of the combined heat and power system for internal combustion engines provided by the present invention.

[0040] Figure 13 This is a schematic diagram of the 13th structure and process of the combined heat and power system for internal combustion engines provided by the present invention.

[0041] Figure 14 This is a schematic diagram of the 14th structure and process of the combined heat and power system for internal combustion engines provided by the present invention.

[0042] Figure 15 This is a schematic diagram of the 15th structure and process of the combined heat and power system for internal combustion engines provided by the present invention.

[0043] Figure 16 This is a schematic diagram of the 16th structure and process of the combined heat and power system for internal combustion engines provided by the present invention.

[0044] Figure 17 This is a schematic diagram of the 17th structure and process of the combined heat and power system for internal combustion engines provided by the present invention.

[0045] Figure 18 This is a schematic diagram of the 18th structure and process of the combined heat and power system for internal combustion engines provided by the present invention.

[0046] Figure 19 This is a schematic diagram of the 19th structure and process of the combined heat and power system for internal combustion engines provided by the present invention.

[0047] In the diagram, 1-internal combustion engine, 2-compressor, 3-high temperature heat exchanger, 4-absorber, 5-solution pump, 6-solution heat exchanger, 7-generator, 8-ejector, 9-steam generator, 10-condenser, 11-boost pump, 12-throttle valve, 13-evaporator, 14-heating furnace, 15-heat source regenerator, 16-combustion chamber, 17-second absorber, 18-second solution pump, 19-second solution heat exchanger, 20-second generator, 21-second throttle valve, 22-two-phase expander, 23-nozzle, 24-diffuser, 25-second compressor, 26-dual-energy compressor; A-added boost pump, B-added steam generator, C-added ejector, D-heater, E-medium temperature heat exchanger. Detailed implementation method:

[0048] First, it should be noted that the structure and process are not repeated unless necessary; obvious processes are not described. The invention will now be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples.

[0049] Figure 1 The combined heat and power system for the internal combustion engine shown is implemented as follows:

[0050] (1) Structurally, it mainly consists of an internal combustion engine, a compressor, a high-temperature heat exchanger, an absorber, a solution pump, a solution heat exchanger, a generator, an injector, a steam generator, a condenser, a booster pump, a throttle valve, and an evaporator; externally, there is an air passage that connects to the internal combustion engine 1 via the compressor 2 and the high-temperature heat exchanger 3, and an external fuel passage that connects to the internal combustion engine 1. The internal combustion engine 1 also has a gas passage that connects to the steam generator 9 and the generator 7 before connecting to the outside. The internal combustion engine 1 also has a cooling medium passage that connects to the outside. The absorber 4 has a dilute solution pipeline that connects to the generator 7 via the solution pump 5 and the solution heat exchanger 6. The generator 7 also has a concentrated solution pipeline that connects to the absorber 4 via the solution heat exchanger 6. The generator 7 also has... The refrigerant vapor passage connects to the low-pressure steam inlet of the ejector 8. The steam generator 9 has a refrigerant vapor passage connecting to the high-pressure steam inlet of the ejector 8. The ejector 8 also has a medium-pressure refrigerant vapor passage connecting to the condenser 10. The condenser 10 also has a refrigerant liquid pipeline connected to the steam generator 9 via a booster pump 11. The condenser 10 also has a refrigerant liquid pipeline connected to the evaporator 13 via a throttle valve 12. The evaporator 13 also has a refrigerant vapor passage connecting to the absorber 4. The high-temperature heat exchanger 3 also has a high-temperature heat medium passage connected to the outside. The absorber 4 and the condenser 10 also have heated medium passages connected to the outside. The evaporator 13 also has a medium-temperature heat medium passage connected to the outside. The internal combustion engine 1 is connected to the compressor 2 and transmits power.

[0051] (2) In terms of process, external air flows through compressor 2 to increase pressure and temperature, flows through high-temperature heat exchanger 3 to absorb heat and increase temperature, and then enters internal combustion engine 1; external fuel enters internal combustion engine 1, and fuel and air complete a series of processes including combustion and expansion in the cylinder of internal combustion engine 1. The exhaust gas emitted by internal combustion engine 1 flows through steam generator 9 and generator 7 to gradually release heat and cool down before being discharged to the outside. Cooling medium flows through the cooling cylinder liner of internal combustion engine 1 to carry away the exhaust cooling heat load; the dilute solution of absorber 4 enters generator 7 through solution pump 5 and solution heat exchanger 6. The exhaust gas flows through generator 7, heats the solution entering it, releases refrigerant vapor and supplies it to injector 8. The concentrated solution of generator 7 enters absorber 4 through solution heat exchanger 6, absorbs refrigerant vapor and releases heat to the heated medium; the refrigerant vapor entering condenser 10 releases heat to the heated medium to form condensate, and then splits into two paths - the first path flows through throttle valve 12 to reduce temperature. The first path of steam is cooled and depressurized, flows through evaporator 13 to absorb heat and vaporize, and enters absorber 4 to release heat and condense. The second path flows through booster pump 11 to increase pressure, flows through steam generator 9 to absorb heat and vaporize, and is provided to ejector 8 as driving steam (working steam). The working steam enters ejector 8, flows through nozzles to decrease pressure and increase speed to form low pressure, and the refrigerant steam generated by generator 7 is drawn into the low-pressure zone of ejector 8. After the two steam paths are mixed, they flow through diffuser to decrease speed and increase pressure to form medium-pressure refrigerant steam and are provided to condenser 10. Fuel provides driving heat load through combustion, high-temperature heat medium provides driving heat load through high-temperature heat exchanger 3, air and gas carry away low-temperature emission heat load through inlet and outlet processes, the heated medium obtains heating load through absorber 4 and condenser 10, and medium-temperature heat medium provides medium-temperature heat load through evaporator 13. The mechanical energy output by internal combustion engine 1 is provided to compressor 2 and external power as power, forming an internal combustion engine type combined heat and power system.

[0052] Figure 2 The combined heat and power system for the internal combustion engine shown is implemented as follows:

[0053] (1) Structurally, in Figure 1 In the internal combustion engine combined heat and power system shown, the high-temperature heat exchanger 3 and its high-temperature heat medium channel connected to the outside are removed, and a heater 14 and a heat source regenerator 15 are added. There is a fuel channel connected to the heater 14 from the outside, and there is also an air channel connected to the heater 14 from the outside via the heat source regenerator 15. The heater 14 also has a gas channel connected to the outside via the heat source regenerator 15. The connection between the external air channel connected to the internal combustion engine 1 via the compressor 2 and the high-temperature heat exchanger 3 is changed to the connection between the external air channel connected to the internal combustion engine 1 via the compressor 2 and the heater 14 from the outside.

[0054] (2) In terms of process, with Figure 1Compared to the internal combustion engine-type combined heat and power system shown, the difference lies in the following: external fuel enters the heater 14, and external air flows through the heat source regenerator 15 to absorb heat and increase its temperature before entering the heater 14. The fuel and air mix and burn in the heater 14 to form gas. The gas generated in the heater 14 releases heat to the compressed air flowing through it, then flows through the heat source regenerator 15 to release heat and decrease its temperature, and then is discharged to the outside. External air flows through the compressor 2 to increase its pressure and temperature, flows through the heater 14 to absorb heat and increase its temperature, and then enters the internal combustion engine 1. The fuel provides the driving heat load through the heater 14, forming an internal combustion engine-type combined heat and power system.

[0055] Figure 3 The energy-carrying internal combustion engine combined cycle heat pump system shown is implemented as follows:

[0056] (1) Structurally, in Figure 1 In the internal combustion engine combined heat and power system shown, the high-temperature heat exchanger 3 and its high-temperature heat medium passage connected to the outside are removed, and a combustion chamber 16 is added. There is an external fuel passage connected to the combustion chamber 16. The external air passage connected to the internal combustion engine 1 via the compressor 2 and the high-temperature heat exchanger 3 is changed to an external air passage connected to the combustion chamber 16 via the compressor 2. The combustion chamber 16 also has an initial gas passage connected to the internal combustion engine 1.

[0057] (2) In terms of process, with Figure 1 Compared to the internal combustion engine combined heat and power system shown, the difference is that: external fuel enters the combustion chamber 16, and external air flows through the compressor 2 to be pressurized and heated before entering the combustion chamber 16; fuel and compressed air mix and burn in the combustion chamber 16 to form an air-rich (oxygen-rich) initial combustion gas, which then enters the internal combustion engine 1; fuel provides driving heat load through the combustion chamber 16, forming an internal combustion engine combined heat and power system.

[0058] Figure 4 The combined heat and power system for the internal combustion engine shown is implemented as follows:

[0059] (1) Structurally, in Figure 1 In the internal combustion engine combined heat and power system shown, the high-temperature heat exchanger 3 and its high-temperature heat medium channel connected to the outside are removed, the compressor 2 is removed, and the connection between the external air channel and the internal combustion engine 1 via the compressor 2 and the high-temperature heat exchanger 3 is changed to the connection between the external air channel and the internal combustion engine 1.

[0060] (2) In terms of process, with Figure 1 Compared with the internal combustion engine type combined heat and power system shown, the difference is that: external air enters the internal combustion engine 1, external fuel enters the internal combustion engine 1, and the fuel and air complete a series of processes including combustion and expansion in the cylinder of the internal combustion engine 1. The exhaust gas emitted by the internal combustion engine 1 flows through the steam generator 9 and the generator 7 to gradually release heat and cool down before being discharged to the outside, thus forming the internal combustion engine type combined heat and power system.

[0061] Figure 5 The combined heat and power system for the internal combustion engine shown is implemented as follows:

[0062] (1) Structurally, in Figure 1 In the internal combustion engine combined heat and power system shown, a second absorber, a second solution pump, a second solution heat exchanger, and a second generator are added. The absorber 4, which previously had a dilute solution pipeline connected to the generator 7 via the solution pump 5 and the solution heat exchanger 6, is now connected to the second absorber 17 via the same pipeline. The second absorber 17 also has a dilute solution pipeline connected to the generator 7 via the second solution pump 18 and the second solution heat exchanger 19. The generator 7, which previously had a concentrated solution pipeline connected to the absorber 4 via the solution heat exchanger 6, is now connected to the second generator 20 via the second solution heat exchanger 19. The second generator 20 also has a concentrated solution pipeline connected to the absorber 4 via the solution heat exchanger 6. The second generator 20 also has a refrigerant vapor channel connected to the second absorber 17. The generator 7, which previously had a gas passage connected to the outside, is now connected to the outside via the second generator 20. The second absorber 17 also has a heated medium channel connected to the outside.

[0063] (2) In terms of process, with Figure 1 Compared to the internal combustion engine-type combined heat and power system shown, the difference lies in the following: the exhaust gas emitted by the internal combustion engine 1 flows through the steam generator 9, generator 7, and second generator 20, gradually releasing heat and cooling down before being discharged to the outside; the dilute solution of the absorber 4 enters the second absorber 17 via the solution pump 5 and solution heat exchanger 6, absorbs refrigerant vapor and releases heat to the heated medium; the dilute solution of the second absorber 17 enters the generator 7 via the second solution pump 18 and second solution heat exchanger 19; the concentrated solution of the generator 7 enters the second generator 20 via the second solution heat exchanger 19; the exhaust gas flows through the second generator 20, heats the solution inside, releases refrigerant vapor and supplies it to the second absorber 17; the concentrated solution of the second generator 20 enters the absorber 4 via the solution heat exchanger 6, thus forming the internal combustion engine-type combined heat and power system.

[0064] Figure 6 The combined heat and power system for the internal combustion engine shown is implemented as follows:

[0065] (1) Structurally, in Figure 1In the combined heat and power system of the internal combustion engine shown, a second solution pump, a second solution heat exchanger, a second generator, and a second throttle valve are added. The absorber 4 is equipped with a dilute solution pipeline that connects to the second generator 20 via the second solution pump 18 and the second solution heat exchanger 19. The second generator 20 also has a concentrated solution pipeline that connects to the absorber 4 via the second solution heat exchanger 19. The generator 7 is adjusted so that it has a refrigerant vapor channel connected to the low-pressure steam inlet of the injector 8. After the generator 7 has a refrigerant vapor channel connected to the second generator 20, the second generator 20 also has a refrigerant liquid pipeline that connects to the condenser 10 via the second throttle valve 21. The second generator 20 also has a refrigerant vapor channel connected to the low-pressure steam inlet of the injector 8.

[0066] (2) In terms of process, with Figure 1 Compared to the internal combustion engine type combined heat and power system shown, the difference is that: the refrigerant vapor generated by generator 7 is provided to the second generator 20 as the driving heat medium; part of the dilute solution in absorber 4 enters the second generator 20 via the second solution pump 18 and the second solution heat exchanger 19; the refrigerant vapor flows through the second generator 20, heats the solution inside, releases refrigerant vapor, and is supplied to injector 8; the concentrated solution in the second generator 20 enters the absorber 4 via the second solution heat exchanger 19; the refrigerant vapor flowing through the second generator 20 releases heat to become refrigerant liquid, and then enters the condenser 10 via the second throttle valve 21, thus forming the internal combustion engine type combined heat and power system.

[0067] Figure 7 The combined heat and power system for the internal combustion engine shown is implemented as follows:

[0068] (1) Structurally, in Figure 1 In the combined heat and power system of the internal combustion engine shown, a second solution heat exchanger, a second generator, and a second throttle valve are added. The absorber 4 is connected to the generator 7 via a dilute solution pipeline through the solution pump 5 and the solution heat exchanger 6. The absorber 4 is then connected to the generator 7 via a dilute solution pipeline through the solution pump 5, the solution heat exchanger 6, and the second solution heat exchanger 19. The generator 7 is connected to the absorber 4 via a concentrated solution pipeline through the solution heat exchanger 6. The generator 7 is then connected to the second generator 20 via a concentrated solution pipeline through the second solution heat exchanger 19. The second generator 20 is then connected to the absorber 4 via a concentrated solution pipeline through the solution heat exchanger 6. The generator 7 is then connected to the low-pressure steam inlet of the injector 8 via a refrigerant vapor channel. The generator 7 is then connected to the second generator 20 via a refrigerant vapor channel. The second generator 20 is then connected to the condenser 10 via a refrigerant liquid pipeline through the second throttle valve 21. The second generator 20 is also connected to the low-pressure steam inlet of the injector 8 via a refrigerant vapor channel.

[0069] (2) In terms of process, with Figure 1Compared to the internal combustion engine type combined heat and power system shown, the difference is that: the refrigerant vapor generated by generator 7 is provided to the second generator 20 as the driving heat medium; the dilute solution of absorber 4 enters generator 7 via solution pump 5, solution heat exchanger 6 and second solution heat exchanger 19; the concentrated solution of generator 7 enters second generator 20 via second solution heat exchanger 19; the refrigerant vapor flows through second generator 20, heats the solution entering it, releases refrigerant vapor and provides it to injector 8; the concentrated solution of second generator 20 enters absorber 4 via solution heat exchanger 6; the refrigerant vapor flowing through second generator 20 releases heat to become refrigerant liquid and then enters condenser 10 via second throttle valve 21, forming an internal combustion engine type combined heat and power system.

[0070] Figure 8 The combined heat and power system for the internal combustion engine shown is implemented as follows:

[0071] (1) Structurally, in Figure 1 In the combined heat and power system of the internal combustion engine shown, a second solution pump, a second solution heat exchanger, a second generator, and a second throttle valve are added. The absorber 4 is connected to the generator 7 via a dilute solution pipeline through the solution pump 5 and the solution heat exchanger 6. The absorber 4 is then connected to the second generator 20 via the solution pump 5 and the solution heat exchanger 6. The second generator 20 is then connected to the generator 7 via a concentrated solution pipeline through the second solution pump 18 and the second solution heat exchanger 19. The generator 7 is then connected to the absorber 4 via a concentrated solution pipeline through the solution heat exchanger 6. The generator 7 is then connected to the absorber 4 via the second solution heat exchanger 19 and the solution heat exchanger 6. The generator 7 is then connected to the low-pressure steam inlet of the injector 8 via a refrigerant vapor channel. The generator 7 is then connected to the second generator 20 via a refrigerant liquid pipeline through the second throttle valve 21. The second generator 20 is also connected to the low-pressure steam inlet of the injector 8 via a refrigerant vapor channel.

[0072] (2) In terms of process, with Figure 1 Compared to the internal combustion engine type combined heat and power system shown, the difference is that: the refrigerant vapor generated by generator 7 is provided to the second generator 20 as the driving heat medium; the dilute solution of absorber 4 enters the second generator 20 through solution pump 5 and solution heat exchanger 6; the refrigerant vapor flows through the second generator 20, heats the solution inside, releases refrigerant vapor, and is supplied to injector 8; the concentrated solution of the second generator 20 enters generator 7 through second solution pump 18 and second solution heat exchanger 19; the concentrated solution of generator 7 enters absorber 4 through second solution heat exchanger 19 and solution heat exchanger 6; the refrigerant vapor flowing through the second generator 20 releases heat to become refrigerant liquid and then enters condenser 10 through second throttle valve 21, forming an internal combustion engine type combined heat and power system.

[0073] Figure 9 The combined heat and power system for the internal combustion engine shown is implemented as follows:

[0074] (1) Structurally, in Figure 1 In the internal combustion engine combined heat and power system shown, a two-phase expander 22 is added and replaces the throttle valve 12.

[0075] (2) In terms of process, with Figure 1 Compared to the internal combustion engine type combined heat and power system shown, the difference is that: a portion of the condensate discharged from the condenser 10 flows through the two-phase expander 22 to reduce pressure and do work, and then enters the evaporator 13 to absorb heat and vaporize; the mechanical energy output by the two-phase expander 22 is provided to the outside to provide power, forming an internal combustion engine type combined heat and power system.

[0076] Figure 10 The combined heat and power system for the internal combustion engine shown is implemented as follows:

[0077] (1) Structurally, in Figure 1 In the internal combustion engine combined heat and power system shown, a nozzle 23 is added to replace the throttle valve 12, a diffuser pipe 24 is added, and the refrigerant vapor passage of the evaporator 13 is connected to the absorber 4. The connection is adjusted so that the refrigerant vapor passage of the evaporator 13 is connected to the absorber 4 via the diffuser pipe 24.

[0078] (2) In terms of process, with Figure 1 Compared with the internal combustion engine combined heat and power system shown, the difference is that: a portion of the condensate discharged from the condenser 10 flows through the nozzle 23 to reduce pressure and increase speed, and then enters the evaporator 13 to absorb heat and vaporize; the refrigerant vapor discharged from the evaporator 13 flows through the diffuser 24 to reduce speed and increase pressure, and then enters the absorber 4 to release heat and condense, forming the internal combustion engine combined heat and power system.

[0079] Figure 11 The combined heat and power system for the internal combustion engine shown is implemented as follows:

[0080] (1) Structurally, in Figure 1 In the internal combustion engine combined heat and power system shown, a second compressor 25 is added, and the refrigerant vapor passage of the generator 7 is connected to the low-pressure steam inlet of the injector 8. The refrigerant vapor passage of the generator 7 is connected to the low-pressure steam inlet of the injector 8 via the second compressor 25. The internal combustion engine 1 is connected to the second compressor 25 and transmits power.

[0081] (2) In terms of process, with Figure 1 Compared to the internal combustion engine type combined heat and power system shown, the difference is that: the refrigerant vapor discharged from the generator 7 flows through the second compressor 25 to be pressurized and heated, and then enters the low-pressure zone of the injector 8; the internal combustion engine 1 provides driving mechanical energy to the second compressor 25, forming an internal combustion engine type combined heat and power system.

[0082] Figure 12The combined heat and power system for the internal combustion engine shown is implemented as follows:

[0083] (1) Structurally, in Figure 1 In the internal combustion engine combined heat and power system shown, a second compressor 25 is added, and the refrigerant vapor passage of the evaporator 13 is connected to the absorber 4. The refrigerant vapor passage of the evaporator 13 is then connected to the absorber 4 after passing through the second compressor 25. The internal combustion engine 1 is connected to the second compressor 25 and transmits power.

[0084] (2) In terms of process, with Figure 1 Compared to the internal combustion engine type combined heat and power system shown, the difference is that: the refrigerant vapor discharged from the evaporator 13 flows through the second compressor 25 to be pressurized and heated, and then enters the absorber 4 to release heat and condense; the internal combustion engine 1 provides driving mechanical energy to the second compressor 25, forming an internal combustion engine type combined heat and power system.

[0085] Figure 13 The combined heat and power system for the internal combustion engine shown is implemented as follows:

[0086] (1) Structurally, in Figure 1 In the internal combustion engine combined heat and power system shown, a nozzle 23 is added and replaces the throttle valve 12. A dual-energy compressor 26 is added. The refrigerant vapor passage of the evaporator 13 is connected to the absorber 4, and the refrigerant vapor passage of the evaporator 13 is connected to the absorber 4 via the dual-energy compressor 26. The internal combustion engine 1 is connected to the dual-energy compressor 26 and transmits power.

[0087] (2) In terms of process, with Figure 1 Compared to the internal combustion engine-type combined heat and power system shown, the difference lies in the following: a portion of the condensate discharged from the condenser 10 flows through the nozzle 23 to reduce pressure and increase speed, and then enters the evaporator 13 to absorb heat and vaporize; the refrigerant vapor discharged from the evaporator 13 flows through the dual-energy compressor 26 to increase pressure and temperature and reduce speed, and then enters the absorber 4 to release heat and condense; the internal combustion engine 1 provides driving mechanical energy to the dual-energy compressor 26, forming an internal combustion engine-type combined heat and power system.

[0088] Figure 14 The combined heat and power system for the internal combustion engine shown is implemented as follows:

[0089] (1) Structurally, in Figure 1 In the internal combustion engine combined heat and power system shown, the internal combustion engine 1 is connected to the steam generator 9 and the generator 7 via a gas passage, and then connected to the outside. This is adjusted so that the internal combustion engine 1 is connected to the generator 7 and the steam generator 9 via a gas passage, and then connected to the outside.

[0090] (2) In terms of process, with Figure 1Compared with the internal combustion engine type combined heat and power system shown, the difference is that the gas emitted by the internal combustion engine 1 flows through the generator 7 and the steam generator 9 to gradually release heat and cool down before being discharged to the outside, forming an internal combustion engine type combined heat and power system.

[0091] Figure 15 The combined heat and power system for the internal combustion engine shown is implemented as follows:

[0092] (1) Structurally, in Figure 1 In the combined heat and power system of the internal combustion engine shown, the condenser 10 is adjusted so that the condensate pipeline is connected to the steam generator 9 via the booster pump 11, and the external liquid medium pipeline is connected to the steam generator 9 via the booster pump 11. The generator 7 is adjusted so that the refrigerant vapor channel is connected to the low-pressure steam inlet of the injector 8, and the generator 7 is adjusted so that the refrigerant vapor channel is connected to the condenser 10. The injector 8 is adjusted so that the medium-pressure refrigerant vapor channel is connected to the condenser 10, and the injector 8 is adjusted so that the user steam channel is connected to the outside. The absorber 4 and the condenser 10 are respectively adjusted so that the heated medium channel is connected to the outside via the absorber 4 and the condenser 10 and then to the low-pressure steam inlet of the injector 8.

[0093] (2) In terms of process, with Figure 1 Compared to the internal combustion engine type combined heat and power system shown, the difference lies in the following: the condensate of condenser 10 flows through throttle valve 12 to reduce pressure and temperature, flows through evaporator 13 to absorb heat and vaporize, and then enters absorber 4 to release heat and condense; the external liquid medium flows through booster pump 11 to increase pressure, flows through steam generator 9 to absorb heat and vaporize, and then provides it to injector 8 as working steam; the heated medium flows through absorber 4 and condenser 10 to gradually absorb heat and vaporize, and then provides it to injector 8; the working steam enters injector 8, flows through nozzles to reduce pressure and increase speed to form low pressure, and the steam discharged from condenser 10 is drawn into the low-pressure zone of injector 8. After the two steams are mixed, they flow through diffuser to reduce speed and increase pressure to form medium-pressure steam and provide it to the user; the user obtains steam-type heat load, forming an internal combustion engine type combined heat and power system.

[0094] Figure 16 The combined heat and power system for the internal combustion engine shown is implemented as follows:

[0095] (1) Structurally, in Figure 1In the combined heat and power system of the internal combustion engine shown, a new booster pump, a new steam generator, and a new injector are added. The gas passage connecting the internal combustion engine 1 to the steam generator 9 is adjusted so that the gas passage of the internal combustion engine 1 connects to the steam generator 9 after passing through the new steam generator B. The heated medium passages connecting the absorber 4 and the condenser 10 to the outside are adjusted so that the heated medium passages connect to the low-pressure steam inlet of the new injector C after passing through the absorber 4 and the condenser 10. The external liquid medium pipeline connects to the new steam generator B through the new booster pump A. The new steam generator B also has a steam passage connecting to the high-pressure steam inlet of the new injector C. The new injector C also has a user steam passage connecting to the outside.

[0096] (2) In terms of process, with Figure 1 Compared to the internal combustion engine-type combined heat and power system shown, the difference lies in the following: the heated medium flows through absorber 4 and condenser 10, gradually absorbing heat and vaporizing, and then supplies it to the newly added injector C; the exhaust gas emitted by internal combustion engine 1 flows through newly added steam generator B, steam generator 9 and generator 7, gradually releasing heat and cooling down, and then is discharged to the outside; the external liquid medium flows through newly added booster pump A, is pressurized, and then enters newly added steam generator B, absorbing heat and vaporizing. The steam generated by newly added steam generator B is supplied to newly added injector C as working steam. The working steam enters newly added injector C, flows through nozzles to reduce pressure and increase speed, and forms a low-pressure system. The steam emitted by condenser 10 is drawn into the low-pressure zone of newly added injector C. After the two steam streams are mixed, they flow through diffuser to reduce speed and increase pressure, forming medium-pressure steam, which is then supplied to the user; the user receives a steam-type heat load, forming an internal combustion engine-type combined heat and power system.

[0097] Figure 17 The combined heat and power system for the internal combustion engine shown is implemented as follows:

[0098] (1) Structurally, in Figure 1 In the internal combustion engine combined heat and power system shown, a heater D is added, and the gas passage connecting to the outside is adjusted to connect to the outside gas passage after passing through the heater D. The heater D also has a heated medium passage connected to the outside.

[0099] (2) In terms of process, with Figure 1 Compared with the internal combustion engine type combined heat and power system shown, the difference is that the gas emitted by the internal combustion engine 1 flows through the steam generator 9, generator 7 and heater D to gradually release heat and cool down before being discharged to the outside; the heated medium obtains the heating load through the heater D, forming an internal combustion engine type combined heat and power system.

[0100] Figure 18 The combined heat and power system for the internal combustion engine shown is implemented as follows:

[0101] (1) Structurally, in Figure 1In the internal combustion engine combined heat and power system shown, the cooling medium passage connecting the internal combustion engine 1 to the outside is removed, as are the evaporator 13 and its medium-temperature heat medium passage connecting to the outside. The condenser 10 is connected to the evaporator 13 via a throttle valve 12, and the evaporator 13 is connected to the absorber 4 via a refrigerant vapor passage. These are all adjusted so that the condenser 10 is connected to the internal combustion engine 1 via a throttle valve 12, and then the internal combustion engine 1 is connected to the absorber 4 via a refrigerant vapor passage.

[0102] (2) In terms of process, with Figure 1 Compared to the internal combustion engine combined heat and power system shown, the difference is that a portion of the condensate discharged from the condenser 10 flows through the throttle valve 12 to reduce pressure and temperature, flows through the internal combustion engine 1 to cool the cylinder liner and absorb heat to vaporize, and then enters the absorber 4 to release heat and condense, forming the internal combustion engine combined heat and power system.

[0103] Figure 19 The combined heat and power system for the internal combustion engine shown is implemented as follows:

[0104] (1) Structurally, in Figure 1 In the internal combustion engine combined heat and power system shown, the cooling medium passage connecting the internal combustion engine 1 to the outside is removed, as are the evaporator 13 and its medium-temperature heat medium passage connecting to the outside. A medium-temperature heat exchanger E is added. The condenser 10 has a condensate pipe connected to the evaporator 13 via a throttle valve 12, and the evaporator 13 has a refrigerant vapor passage connected to the absorber 4. All of these are adjusted so that the condenser 10 has a condensate pipe connected to the internal combustion engine 1 and the medium-temperature heat exchanger E via a throttle valve 12, and then the medium-temperature heat exchanger E has a refrigerant vapor passage connected to the absorber 4. The medium-temperature heat exchanger E also has a medium-temperature heat medium passage connecting to the outside.

[0105] (2) In terms of process, with Figure 1 Compared with the internal combustion engine combined heat and power system shown, the difference is that: a portion of the condensate discharged from the condenser 10 flows through the throttle valve 12 to reduce pressure and temperature, flows through the internal combustion engine 1 to cool the cylinder liner and the intermediate temperature heat exchanger E to gradually absorb heat and vaporize, and then enters the absorber 4 to release heat and condense; the intermediate temperature heat exchanger E provides the intermediate temperature heat load, forming the internal combustion engine combined heat and power system.

[0106] The effects achievable by this invention—the combined heat and power system for internal combustion engines proposed in this invention has the following effects and advantages:

[0107] (1) New ideas and methods for utilizing temperature difference are presented.

[0108] (2) A new technology for cogeneration using high-quality fuels has been developed.

[0109] (3) The high-temperature heat load of high-quality fuel combustion products enables gradual and in-depth utilization, significantly improving energy utilization efficiency.

[0110] (4) New technologies for the efficient and high-value utilization of high-quality fuels in refrigeration / heating / steam / power production and combined cooling / heating / steam / power supply are presented.

[0111] (5) Energy sharing to enhance the efficient and high-value utilization of different energy types.

[0112] (6) By leveraging the technological advantages of the injector, the shortcomings of the absorption technology are compensated for, and the range of working parameters is improved.

[0113] (7) The process is reasonable, the structure is simple, and the manufacturing cost is low; it can achieve two or more uses in one machine, effectively improving the system's economy.

[0114] (8) Provides a variety of specific technical solutions that can cope with many different actual situations, which is conducive to expanding the application scope and value of internal combustion engine combined heat and power system technology.

Claims

1. The internal combustion engine type combined heat and power system mainly consists of an internal combustion engine, compressor, high-temperature heat exchanger, absorber, solution pump, solution heat exchanger, generator, injector, steam generator, condenser, booster pump, throttle valve and evaporator; externally, there is an air passage connected to the internal combustion engine (1) via the compressor (2) and high-temperature heat exchanger (3), and an external fuel passage connected to the internal combustion engine (1). The internal combustion engine (1) also has a gas passage connected to the steam generator (9) and generator (7) before being connected to the outside. The internal combustion engine (1) also has a cooling medium passage connected to the outside. The absorber (4) has a dilute solution pipeline connected to the generator (7) via the solution pump (5) and solution heat exchanger (6). The generator (7) also has a concentrated solution pipeline connected to the absorber (4) via the solution heat exchanger (6). The generator (7) also has a refrigerant vapor passage connected to the... The low-pressure steam inlet of the injector (8) is connected to the high-pressure steam inlet of the steam generator (9), and the medium-pressure refrigerant vapor channel of the injector (8) is connected to the condenser (10). The condenser (10) also has a refrigerant liquid pipeline connected to the steam generator (9) via the booster pump (11). The condenser (10) also has a refrigerant liquid pipeline connected to the evaporator (13) via the throttle valve (12). The evaporator (13) also has a refrigerant vapor channel connected to the absorber (4). The high-temperature heat exchanger (3) also has a high-temperature heat medium channel connected to the outside. The absorber (4) and the condenser (10) also have heated medium channels connected to the outside. The evaporator (13) also has a medium-temperature heat medium channel connected to the outside. The internal combustion engine (1) is connected to the compressor (2) and transmits power, forming an internal combustion engine-type combined heat and power system.

2. The internal combustion engine type combined heat and power system is the internal combustion engine type combined heat and power system described in claim 1, except that the high temperature heat exchanger (3) and its high temperature heat medium channel connected to the outside are removed, and a heating furnace (14) and a heat source regenerator (15) are added. There is a fuel channel connected to the heating furnace (14) from the outside, and there is also an air channel connected to the heating furnace (14) through the heat source regenerator (15) from the outside. The heating furnace (14) also has a gas channel connected to the outside through the heat source regenerator (15). The connection between the external air channel connected to the internal combustion engine (1) through the compressor (2) and the high temperature heat exchanger (3) is changed to the connection between the external air channel connected to the internal combustion engine (1) through the compressor (2) and the heating furnace (14) from the outside, thus forming an internal combustion engine type combined heat and power system.

3. The internal combustion engine type combined heat and power system is the internal combustion engine type combined heat and power system described in claim 1, wherein the high temperature heat exchanger (3) and its high temperature heat medium channel connected to the outside are removed, and a combustion chamber (16) is added. There is an external fuel channel connected to the combustion chamber (16). The external air channel connected to the internal combustion engine (1) via the compressor (2) and the high temperature heat exchanger (3) is changed to an external air channel connected to the combustion chamber (16) via the compressor (2). The combustion chamber (16) also has a primary gas channel connected to the internal combustion engine (1), thus forming an internal combustion engine type combined heat and power system.

4. The internal combustion engine type combined heat and power system is the internal combustion engine type combined heat and power system described in claim 1, wherein the high temperature heat exchanger (3) and its high temperature heat medium channel connected to the outside are removed, the compressor (2) is removed, and the external air channel connected to the internal combustion engine (1) through the compressor (2) and the high temperature heat exchanger (3) is changed to an external air channel connected to the internal combustion engine (1), thus forming an internal combustion engine type combined heat and power system.

5. An internal combustion engine combined heat and power system, which is an internal combustion engine combined heat and power system according to any one of claims 1-4, with the addition of a second absorber, a second solution pump, a second solution heat exchanger, and a second generator. The absorber (4) is connected to the generator (7) via a dilute solution pipeline through the solution pump (5) and the solution heat exchanger (6). The absorber (4) is adjusted so that the absorber (4) has a dilute solution pipeline connected to the second absorber (17) via the solution pump (5) and the solution heat exchanger (6). The second absorber (17) also has a dilute solution pipeline connected to the generator (7) via the second solution pump (18) and the second solution heat exchanger (19). The generator (7) has a concentrated solution... The liquid pipeline is connected to the absorber (4) via the solution heat exchanger (6) and adjusted so that the generator (7) has a concentrated solution pipeline connected to the second generator (20) via the second solution heat exchanger (19). The second generator (20) then has a concentrated solution pipeline connected to the absorber (4) via the solution heat exchanger (6). The second generator (20) also has a refrigerant vapor channel connected to the second absorber (17). The generator (7) has a gas channel connected to the outside and adjusted so that the generator (7) has a gas channel connected to the outside after the second generator (20). The second absorber (17) also has a heated medium channel connected to the outside, forming an internal combustion engine type combined heat and power system.

6. An internal combustion engine combined heat and power system is an internal combustion engine combined heat and power system according to any one of the internal combustion engine combined heat and power systems described in claims 1-4, with the addition of a second solution pump, a second solution heat exchanger, a second generator, and a second throttle valve. The absorber (4) is provided with a dilute solution pipeline connected to the second generator (20) via the second solution pump (18) and the second solution heat exchanger (19). The second generator (20) also has a concentrated solution pipeline connected to the absorber (4) via the second solution heat exchanger (19). The generator (7) is adjusted so that after the generator (7) has a refrigerant vapor channel connected to the low-pressure steam inlet of the injector (8), the second generator (20) has a refrigerant liquid pipeline connected to the condenser (10) via the second throttle valve (21). The second generator (20) also has a refrigerant vapor channel connected to the low-pressure steam inlet of the injector (8), thus forming an internal combustion engine combined heat and power system.

7. An internal combustion engine combined heat and power system, which is any one of the internal combustion engine combined heat and power systems described in claims 1-4, adds a second solution heat exchanger, a second generator, and a second throttle valve. The absorber (4) is connected to the generator (7) via a dilute solution pipeline through a solution pump (5) and a solution heat exchanger (6). The absorber (4) is then connected to the generator (7) via a dilute solution pipeline through a solution pump (5), a solution heat exchanger (6), and a second solution heat exchanger (19). The generator (7) is connected to the absorber (4) via a concentrated solution pipeline through a solution heat exchanger (6). The second generator (20) is connected to the second solution heat exchanger (19). The second generator (20) then has a concentrated solution pipeline connected to the absorber (4) via the solution heat exchanger (6). The generator (7) is adjusted so that the generator (7) has a refrigerant vapor channel connected to the low-pressure steam inlet of the injector (8). After the generator (7) is connected to the second generator (20), the second generator (20) then has a refrigerant liquid pipeline connected to the condenser (10) via the second throttle valve (21). The second generator (20) also has a refrigerant vapor channel connected to the low-pressure steam inlet of the injector (8), forming an internal combustion engine type combined heat and power system.

8. An internal combustion engine combined heat and power system is constructed by adding a second solution pump, a second solution heat exchanger, a second generator, and a second throttle valve to any of the internal combustion engine combined heat and power systems described in claims 1-4. The absorber (4) is connected to the generator (7) via a dilute solution pipeline through the solution pump (5) and the solution heat exchanger (6). The absorber (4) is then connected to the second generator (20) via a dilute solution pipeline through the solution pump (5) and the solution heat exchanger (6). The second generator (20) is further connected to the generator (7) via a concentrated solution pipeline through the second solution pump (18) and the second solution heat exchanger (19). The generator (7) is then connected to the generator (7) via a concentrated solution pipeline. The solution pipeline is connected to the absorber (4) via the solution heat exchanger (6) and adjusted so that the generator (7) has a concentrated solution pipeline connected to the absorber (4) via the second solution heat exchanger (19) and the solution heat exchanger (6). The generator (7) has a refrigerant vapor channel connected to the low-pressure steam inlet of the injector (8) and adjusted so that the generator (7) has a refrigerant vapor channel connected to the second generator (20). Then the second generator (20) has a refrigerant liquid pipeline connected to the condenser (10) via the second throttle valve (21). The second generator (20) also has a refrigerant vapor channel connected to the low-pressure steam inlet of the injector (8), forming an internal combustion engine type combined heat and power system.

9. An internal combustion engine combined heat and power system is formed by adding a two-phase expander (22) and replacing the throttle valve (12) to any one of the internal combustion engine combined heat and power systems described in claims 1-5, thereby forming an internal combustion engine combined heat and power system.

10. An internal combustion engine combined heat and power system is formed by adding a nozzle (23) to replace the throttle valve (12) in any of the internal combustion engine combined heat and power systems described in claims 1-5, adding a diffuser pipe (24), and adjusting the connection between the refrigerant vapor passage of the evaporator (13) and the absorber (4) to be such that the refrigerant vapor passage of the evaporator (13) is connected to the absorber (4) via the diffuser pipe (24), thus forming an internal combustion engine combined heat and power system.

11. An internal combustion engine combined heat and power system is formed by adding a second compressor (25) to any of the internal combustion engine combined heat and power systems described in claims 1-5, adjusting the generator (7) refrigerant vapor passage to connect to the injector (8) low-pressure steam inlet so that the generator (7) refrigerant vapor passage is connected to the injector (8) low-pressure steam inlet via the second compressor (25), and the internal combustion engine (1) is connected to the second compressor (25) and transmits power to form an internal combustion engine combined heat and power system.

12. An internal combustion engine combined heat and power system is an internal combustion engine combined heat and power system according to any one of the internal combustion engine combined heat and power systems described in claims 1-5, wherein a second compressor (25) is added, and the refrigerant vapor passage of the evaporator (13) is connected to the absorber (4) and adjusted so that the refrigerant vapor passage of the evaporator (13) is connected to the absorber (4) after passing through the second compressor (25), and the internal combustion engine (1) is connected to the second compressor (25) and transmits power, thereby forming an internal combustion engine combined heat and power system.

13. An internal combustion engine combined heat and power system is formed by adding a nozzle (23) and replacing the throttle valve (12) to any of the internal combustion engine combined heat and power systems described in claims 1-5, adding a dual-energy compressor (26), adjusting the refrigerant vapor passage of the evaporator (13) to be connected to the absorber (4) so ​​that the refrigerant vapor passage of the evaporator (13) is connected to the absorber (4) via the dual-energy compressor (26), and the internal combustion engine (1) is connected to the dual-energy compressor (26) and transmits power, thus forming an internal combustion engine combined heat and power system.

14. An internal combustion engine type combined heat and power system is formed by adjusting the internal combustion engine (1) to have a gas passage connecting the internal combustion engine (1) to the steam generator (9) and the generator (7) and then connecting it to the outside, thereby forming an internal combustion engine type combined heat and power system.

15. An internal combustion engine combined heat and power system is formed by adjusting the condenser (10) to have a condensate pipeline connected to the steam generator (9) via a booster pump (11) and an external liquid medium pipeline connected to the steam generator (9) via the booster pump (11), adjusting the generator (7) to have a refrigerant vapor channel connected to the low-pressure steam inlet of the injector (8) and adjusting the generator (7) to have a refrigerant vapor channel connected to the condenser (10), adjusting the injector (8) to have a medium-pressure refrigerant vapor channel connected to the condenser (10) and adjusting the injector (8) to have a user steam channel connected to the outside, and adjusting the absorber (4) and condenser (10) to have heated medium channels connected to the outside and adjusting the external heated medium channels to have heated medium channels connected to the low-pressure steam inlet of the injector (8) after passing through the absorber (4) and condenser (10), thus forming an internal combustion engine combined heat and power system.

16. An internal combustion engine combined heat and power system is an internal combustion engine combined heat and power system according to any one of claims 1-13 and 15, with the addition of a booster pump, a steam generator, and an injector. The internal combustion engine (1) is adjusted to have a gas passage connecting to the steam generator (9) so that the internal combustion engine (1) has a gas passage connecting to the steam generator (9) after passing through the booster steam generator (B). The absorber (4) and condenser (10) are respectively connected to the outside through heated medium passages so that the outside has heated medium passages connecting to the low-pressure steam inlet of the booster injector (C) after passing through the absorber (4) and condenser (10). The outside has a liquid medium pipeline connected to the booster pump (A) and the booster steam generator (B). The booster steam generator (B) also has a steam passage connecting to the high-pressure steam inlet of the booster injector (C). The booster injector (C) also has a user steam passage connecting to the outside, thus forming an internal combustion engine combined heat and power system.

17. An internal combustion engine combined heat and power system is an internal combustion engine combined heat and power system according to any one of the internal combustion engine combined heat and power systems described in claim 14, wherein a new booster pump, a new steam generator, and a new injector are added, the internal combustion engine (1) is adjusted to have a gas passage connected to the generator (7) and then the internal combustion engine (1) has a gas passage connected to the generator (7) via the new steam generator (B), the absorber (4) and condenser (10) are respectively connected to the outside via heated medium passages and then the outside has heated medium passages connected to the low-pressure steam inlet of the new injector (CC), the outside has a liquid medium pipeline connected to the new steam generator (B) via the new booster pump (A), the new steam generator (CB) also has a steam passage connected to the high-pressure steam inlet of the new injector (C), and the new injector (C) also has a user steam passage connected to the outside, thus forming an internal combustion engine combined heat and power system.

18. An internal combustion engine combined heat and power system is an internal combustion engine combined heat and power system according to any one of claims 1-17, wherein a heater (D) is added, the gas passage connecting to the outside is adjusted to connect to the outside gas passage after passing through the heater (D), and the heater (D) also has a heated medium passage connected to the outside, thus forming an internal combustion engine combined heat and power system.

19. An internal combustion engine type combined heat and power system is formed by eliminating the cooling medium passage connecting the internal combustion engine (1) to the outside and eliminating the evaporator (13) and its medium-temperature heat medium passage connecting to the outside in any of the internal combustion engine type combined heat and power systems described in claims 1-18; and adjusting the condenser (10) to have a condensate pipe connected to the evaporator (13) via a throttle valve (12) and the evaporator (13) to have a refrigerant vapor passage connected to the absorber (4), so that after the condenser (10) has a condensate pipe connected to the internal combustion engine (1) via a throttle valve (12) and the internal combustion engine (1) has a refrigerant vapor passage connected to the absorber (4), thus forming an internal combustion engine type combined heat and power system.

20. An internal combustion engine type combined heat and power system is, in any of the internal combustion engine type combined heat and power systems described in claims 1-18, the cooling medium channel connecting the internal combustion engine (1) to the outside is removed, the evaporator (13) and its medium-temperature heat medium channel connecting to the outside are removed; a medium-temperature heat exchanger (E) is added, the condenser (10) is connected to the evaporator (C13) via a throttle valve (C12), and the evaporator (13) is connected to the absorber (4) via a refrigerant vapor channel, and the condenser (10) is connected to the internal combustion engine (1) and the medium-temperature heat exchanger (E) via a throttle valve (12), and the medium-temperature heat exchanger (E) is connected to the absorber (4) via a refrigerant vapor channel, and the medium-temperature heat exchanger (E) is also connected to the outside via a medium-temperature heat medium channel, thus forming an internal combustion engine type combined heat and power system.

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