Method for rapidly identifying cultivation mode and quality of tremella based on raman spectrum

Abstract

The application relates to a method for rapidly identifying cultivation modes and quality of tremella, and relates to a method for identifying cultivation modes and quality of tremella. The application aims to solve the problems of high cost, long detection time and unsuitability for rapid identification in market circulation of existing laboratory methods for identifying tremella. The method comprises the following steps: I, preparing tremella samples; II, Raman detection of the tremella samples; III, establishing a database; IV, comparing the H 730 / 478 of the tremella samples to be detected with the H 730 / 478 in the established database. The application provides a method for rapidly identifying cultivation modes and quality of tremella based on Raman spectrum, and by acquiring the Raman spectrum of the tremella samples, the application first proposes and utilizes the double-peak intensity ratio H 730 / 478 of specific Raman characteristic peaks as a discrimination basis, and the ratio can stably reflect the microscopic differences in the internal polysaccharide structure of tremella caused by two cultivation modes, so that objective and accurate identification is realized.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to a method for identifying the cultivation pattern and quality of Tremella fuciformis. Background Technology

[0002] The traditional cultivation method for white fungus is log cultivation, which uses broad-leaved tree logs as a substrate for inoculation and cultivation. With industrial development, to increase yield, shorten the cycle, and reduce costs, bag cultivation technology has been widely adopted. This technology uses artificial culture media made from agricultural byproducts such as sawdust and cottonseed hulls to replace logs. These two cultivation techniques differ significantly in production processes, growth cycles, nutrient supply, environmental control, and especially production costs, leading to significant differences in the quality and selling price of the final products. If it is impossible to effectively distinguish between different qualities of white fungus, it is difficult to establish quality grading standards that accurately correspond to the cultivation process, hindering quality-oriented industrial upgrading and the formation of a market mechanism where premium quality commands premium prices.

[0003] Currently, experience-based methods for identifying solid white fungus by its appearance, and methods for identifying cooked white fungus by its appearance and taste, suffer from strong subjectivity and susceptibility to human interference. While laboratory methods using DNA molecular markers for white fungus identification are relatively accurate, they are costly and time-consuming, making them unsuitable for rapid identification in the market circulation process. Therefore, the industry urgently needs a rapid, simple, and low-cost technology for differentiating the quality and cultivation methods of white fungus based on its stable product characteristics. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of this invention is to solve the problems of high cost, long testing time, and unsuitability for rapid identification in the market circulation process of existing laboratory methods for identifying Tremella fuciformis, and to provide a method for rapid identification of Tremella fuciformis cultivation mode and quality based on Raman spectroscopy.

[0005] This invention provides fingerprint spectral information of Tremella fuciformis samples based on Raman technology, while also having the advantages of rapid spectral response and rich spectral information, meeting all the needs for rapid identification of different varieties of Tremella fuciformis. This invention uses simple sample processing technology and a portable Raman spectrometer, and based on the bimodal ratio analysis of Raman spectra, it successfully achieves rapid identification of different cultivation modes and qualities of Tremella fuciformis samples within 15 minutes.

[0006] A method for rapid identification of Tremella cultivation patterns and quality based on Raman spectroscopy is specifically performed according to the following steps:

[0007] I. Preparation of Tremella fuciformis samples:

[0008] ① Prepare gold nanoparticles and disperse them in water to obtain a gold nanoparticle solution;

[0009] ② Grind the dried solid tremella into powder to obtain tremella powder;

[0010] ③ Mix the gold nanoparticle aqueous solution with the tremella powder evenly to obtain a mixture;

[0011] ④ The mixture was made into thin sheets using a portable tablet press and then dried to obtain a sample of tremella.

[0012] II. Raman spectroscopy of Tremella fuciformis samples:

[0013] The silver ear fungus sample was placed on the sample stage of the Raman spectrometer system, and Raman spectra at different positions of the sample were acquired by surface scanning or line scanning.

[0014] III. Establishing a database:

[0015] ① Perform data processing on the Raman spectrum and extract the Raman spectrum located at 478 cm⁻¹. -1 and 730cm -1 Raman peak intensity;

[0016] ② Calculate 730cm -1 With 478cm -1 The ratio of the bimodal intensity H 730 / 478 , ;

[0017] ③ Prepare silver ear fungus samples from known cultivation methods and qualities using the above method, and test Raman spectra. Extract 478 cm⁻¹ -1 and 730cm -1 The Raman peak intensity was calculated, and the ratio of the two peaks, H, was determined. 730 / 478 Establish a database;

[0018] The database mentioned in step 3③ includes basic information on each type of Tremella fuciformis, Raman spectral data, and the bimodal intensity ratio H. 730 / 478 ;

[0019] IV. The bimodal intensity ratio H of the Tremella fuciformis sample to be tested 730 / 478 The ratio of the bimodal intensity H of the *Tremella fuciformis* samples in the established database 730 / 478 By comparison, the quality of the tested Tremella fuciformis samples is evaluated, and a quality identification conclusion is given.

[0020] The beneficial effects of this invention are:

[0021] I. This invention provides a method for rapidly identifying the cultivation mode and quality of Tremella fuciformis based on Raman spectroscopy. The sample pretreatment of this method is very simple. It only requires crushing the dried Tremella fuciformis sample, mixing it with a pre-prepared aqueous solution of gold nanoparticles, and pressing it into a tablet. No complicated chemical treatment is required. Combined with a portable Raman spectrometer, the collection and analysis of a single sample can be completed within 15 minutes, which greatly improves the identification efficiency and solves the problems of traditional methods relying on experience and being highly subjective, as well as laboratory methods being time-consuming, costly, and difficult to apply on-site.

[0022] II. This invention provides a method for rapidly identifying the cultivation mode and quality of Tremella fuciformis based on Raman spectroscopy. By obtaining the Raman spectrum of Tremella fuciformis samples, it proposes and utilizes for the first time the bimodal intensity ratio H of specific Raman characteristic peaks. 730 / 478 As a criterion, this ratio can stably reflect the microscopic differences in the internal polysaccharide structure of Tremella caused by the two cultivation methods, thereby achieving objective and accurate identification.

[0023] III. The Raman spectroscopy double peak ratio H provided by this invention 730 / 478 The rapid identification method for white fungus can not only be used to identify the authenticity and quality of white fungus products in the consumer market, providing a reliable technical tool for market supervision, but also for tracing the source and controlling the quality of white fungus in the production and circulation process. At the same time, it provides effective technical support for the protection of related geographical indication products and organic product certification. Its principle can also be extended to the identification of other edible fungi with similar cultivation methods. Attached Figure Description

[0024] Figure 1 The images show actual photos of Tremella fuciformis samples at different processing stages; where a is a photo of a bagged Tremella fuciformis sample in a dried solid state; b is a photo of a log-grown Tremella fuciformis sample in a dried solid state; c is a photo of a bagged Tremella fuciformis sample in powder form; and d is a photo of a bagged Tremella fuciformis sample in powder form mixed with gold nanoparticle solution and then compressed into tablets.

[0025] Figure 2 Characterization results of gold nanoparticles prepared in Example 1; where a is a SEM image of gold nanoparticles; b is the statistical results of particle size distribution of gold nanoparticles; c is the UV-Vis absorption spectrum of gold nanoparticles; and d is the measurement results of hydrated particle size of gold nanoparticles.

[0026] Figure 3 The images show the Raman spectra and bimodal ratios (H) of Tremella fuciformis grown under four different cultivation methods and of varying quality, obtained from Examples 1 to 4. 730 / 478 difference;

[0027] Figure 4 This is a bar chart of the bimodal ratio database for Tremella fuciformis samples, reflecting the range of bimodal ratios for four different cultivation methods and quality levels. Detailed Implementation

[0028] Specific Implementation Method 1: This implementation method is a rapid identification method for the cultivation pattern and quality of Tremella fuciformis based on Raman spectroscopy, and is specifically carried out according to the following steps:

[0029] I. Preparation of Tremella fuciformis samples:

[0030] ① Prepare gold nanoparticles and disperse them in water to obtain a gold nanoparticle solution;

[0031] ② Grind the dried solid tremella into powder to obtain tremella powder;

[0032] ③ Mix the gold nanoparticle aqueous solution with the tremella powder evenly to obtain a mixture;

[0033] ④ The mixture was made into thin sheets using a portable tablet press and then dried to obtain a sample of tremella.

[0034] II. Raman spectroscopy of Tremella fuciformis samples:

[0035] The silver ear fungus sample was placed on the sample stage of the Raman spectrometer system, and Raman spectra at different positions of the sample were acquired by surface scanning or line scanning.

[0036] III. Establishing a database:

[0037] ① Perform data processing on the Raman spectrum and extract the Raman spectrum located at 478 cm⁻¹. -1 and 730cm -1 Raman peak intensity;

[0038] ② Calculate 730cm -1 With 478cm -1 The bimodal intensity ratio H 730 / 478 , ;

[0039] ③ Prepare silver ear fungus samples from known cultivation methods and qualities using the above method, and test Raman spectra. Extract 478 cm⁻¹ -1 and 730cm -1 The Raman peak intensity was calculated, and the ratio of the two peak intensities, H, was determined. 730 / 478 Establish a database;

[0040] The database mentioned in step 3③ includes basic information on each type of Tremella fuciformis, Raman spectral data, and the bimodal intensity ratio H. 730 / 478 ;

[0041] IV. The bimodal intensity ratio H of the Tremella fuciformis sample to be tested 730 / 478 The ratio of the bimodal intensity H of the *Tremella fuciformis* samples in the established database 730 / 478 By comparison, the quality of the tested Tremella fuciformis samples is evaluated, and a quality identification conclusion is given.

[0042] Specific Implementation Method Two: This implementation method differs from Specific Implementation Method One in that the preparation method of the gold nanoparticles in step one ① is as follows: 1 mL to 100 mL of chloroauric acid solution with a concentration of 0.01 mg / mL to 50 mg / mL is heated to boiling. Then, under stirring speed of 100 rpm / min to 1100 rpm / min, 2 mL to 8 mL of sodium citrate solution with a concentration of 1 mg / mL to 50 mg / mL is added. Heating and stirring are continued, and boiling is maintained for 30 min. Afterward, the mixture is cooled to room temperature to obtain a solution containing gold nanoparticles with a particle size of 40 nm to 80 nm. The solution containing gold nanoparticles with a particle size of 40 nm to 80 nm is loaded into centrifuge tubes and centrifuged at a speed of 5000 rpm / min to 10000 rpm / min for 1 min to 10 min. The supernatant is removed, and ultrapure water is added. The mixture is then thoroughly shaken until the gold nanoparticles are evenly dispersed to obtain a gold nanoparticle solution. Other steps are the same as in Specific Implementation Method One.

[0043] Specific Implementation Method Three: This implementation method differs from Specific Implementation Method One or Two in that the concentration of the gold nanoparticle solution in step one ① is 0.02 nmol / L to 0.3 nmol / L. The other steps are the same as in Specific Implementation Method One or Two.

[0044] Specific Implementation Method Four: This implementation method differs from Specific Implementation Methods One to Three in that the particle size of the gold nanoparticles mentioned in step one ① is 40nm~80nm. The other steps are the same as in Specific Implementation Methods One to Three.

[0045] Specific Implementation Method Five: The difference between this implementation method and Specific Implementation Methods One to Four is that the particle size of the tremella powder mentioned in step one ② is 180 micrometers to 400 micrometers. The other steps are the same as in Specific Implementation Methods One to Four.

[0046] Specific Implementation Method Six: The difference between this implementation method and Specific Implementation Methods One to Five is that the mass ratio of the tremella powder to the volume ratio of the gold nanoparticle aqueous solution in the mixture described in step 1③ is (0.01g~50g):(0.1mL~20mL). The other steps are the same as in Specific Implementation Methods One to Five.

[0047] Specific Implementation Method Seven: This implementation method differs from Specific Implementation Methods One to Six in that: in step one, fourth, the mixture is placed in a tablet press and pressed into thin sheets with a diameter of 1mm to 1000mm; the thickness of the thin sheets is 1mm to 100mm; the drying in step one, fourth, involves placing the thin sheets on a drying table at 40℃ to 50℃. Other steps are the same as in Specific Implementation Methods One to Six.

[0048] Specific Implementation Method Eight: This implementation method differs from Specific Implementation Methods One to Seven in that the parameters of the Raman spectrometer described in step two are: excitation wavelength of 785nm, laser power of 50mW~100mW, integration time of 1s~10s, and averaging count of 1 to 3 times. Other steps are the same as in Specific Implementation Methods One to Seven.

[0049] Specific Implementation Method Nine: This implementation method differs from Specific Implementation Methods One through Eight in that: in step two, Python programming is used to control the movement of the sample stage, with a step size of 1µm to 5µm, scanning from top to bottom to collect 150 to 300 sample points for each Tremella fuciformis sample. Other steps are the same as in Specific Implementation Methods One through Eight.

[0050] Specific Implementation Method Ten: The difference between this implementation method and Specific Implementation Methods One to Nine is that: in step four, evaluating the quality of the Tremella fuciformis sample to be tested and giving a quality identification conclusion includes: the ratio of the bimodal intensity H of the Tremella fuciformis sample to be tested. 730 / 478 The samples are compared with database thresholds, where a ratio of 0.5-4 indicates bag cultivation, and 7-30 indicates log cultivation. Abnormal samples need to be retested. Subsequently, the quality is further determined based on the thresholds: a ratio of 0.5-1 for bag-cultivated white fungus is considered low quality, and a ratio of 1-4 is considered high quality; for log-cultivated white fungus, a ratio of 7-10 is considered low quality, and a ratio of 10-30 is considered high quality. Other steps are the same as in specific implementation methods one through nine.

[0051] The beneficial effects of the present invention are verified using the following embodiments:

[0052] Example 1: A method for rapid identification of cultivation patterns and quality of Tremella fuciformis based on Raman spectroscopy, specifically completed according to the following steps:

[0053] I. Preparation of Tremella fuciformis samples:

[0054] ① Heat 80 mL of chloroauric acid solution with a concentration of 10 mg / mL to boiling. Then, add 5 mL of sodium citrate solution with a concentration of 20 mg / mL while stirring at 900 rpm / min. Continue heating and stirring while maintaining boiling for 30 min. Cool to room temperature to obtain a solution containing gold nanoparticles. Load 4 mL of the solution containing gold nanoparticles into a centrifuge tube and centrifuge at 7500 rpm / min for 4 min. Remove the supernatant and add 100 µL of ultrapure water. Shake thoroughly until the gold nanoparticles are evenly dispersed to obtain an aqueous solution of gold nanoparticles.

[0055] ② Load 0.03g of tremella sample into an agate mortar and grind it into a powdery solid using a pestle;

[0056] The silver ear fungus sample mentioned in step 1② is sample one of bagged silver ear fungus;

[0057] ③ Mix the gold nanoparticle aqueous solution with the tremella powder evenly to obtain a mixture;

[0058] ④ The mixture was made into thin sheets using a portable tablet press, and the sheets were dried on a drying table at 45°C to obtain a sample of white fungus;

[0059] In step 1, step 4, the mixture is placed in a tablet press and pressed into a sheet with a diameter of 6 mm; the sheet has a thickness of 1.5 mm.

[0060] II. Raman spectroscopy of Tremella fuciformis samples:

[0061] The tremella sample was placed at the center of the Raman spectrometer detection platform. The Raman spectroscopy parameters for the tremella sample were set as follows: excitation wavelength of 785 nm, laser power of 75 mW, integration time of 3 s, and averaging of 1 time. The movement of the three-dimensional moving stage was controlled by Python with a step size of 2 µm, scanning from top to bottom to collect 250 sample points for each tremella sample. Raman spectra at different positions of the sample were collected using surface scanning.

[0062] III. Establishing a database:

[0063] ① The acquired Raman spectra are preprocessed, including smoothing, cosmic ray removal, baseline correction, and normalization, to obtain a more ideal spectrum. Characteristic peaks in the Raman spectrum are observed, and peaks located at 478 cm⁻¹ are extracted. -1 and 730cm -1 Raman peak intensity;

[0064] ② Calculate 730cm -1 With 478cm -1 The bimodal intensity ratio H 730 / 478 , ;

[0065] ③ Prepare silver ear fungus samples from known cultivation methods and qualities using the above method, and test Raman spectra. Extract 478 cm⁻¹ -1 and 730cm -1 The Raman peak intensity was calculated, and the ratio of the two peak intensities, H, was determined. 730 / 478 Establish a sample database of Tremella fuciformis;

[0066] The database mentioned in step 3③ includes basic information on each type of Tremella fuciformis, Raman spectral data, and the bimodal intensity ratio H. 730 / 478 ;

[0067] IV. The bimodal intensity ratio H obtained in step 3② 730 / 478 The ratio of the bimodal intensity H of the *Tremella fuciformis* samples in the established database 730 / 478 By comparison, the quality of the tested Tremella fuciformis samples is evaluated, and a quality identification conclusion is given.

[0068] Experimental Example 2: The difference between this experimental example and Experimental Example 1 is that the Tremella sample mentioned in step 1② is Tremella sample 2 from bagged material. All other steps and parameters are the same as in Example 1.

[0069] Example 3: The difference between this example and Example 1 is that the Tremella sample mentioned in step 1② is Tremella sample 1 made from log wood. All other steps and parameters are the same as in Example 1.

[0070] Example 4: The difference between this example and Example 1 is that the Tremella sample mentioned in step 1, ② is Tremella sample 2 made from log wood. All other steps and parameters are the same as in Example 1.

[0071] Figure 2 Characterization results of gold nanoparticles prepared in Example 1; where a is a SEM image of gold nanoparticles; b is the statistical results of particle size distribution of gold nanoparticles; c is the UV-Vis absorption spectrum of gold nanoparticles; and d is the measurement results of hydrated particle size of gold nanoparticles.

[0072] from Figure 2 Figure a shows the SEM image of the gold nanoparticles, indicating that the prepared gold nanoparticles are spherical particles with uniform size. Figure b shows the particle size statistics of the gold nanoparticles in the SEM image, showing that the gold nanoparticles are uniform in size with an average particle size of 59.62 nm. The UV-vis results in Figure c show that the gold nanoparticles have only one extremely narrow absorption peak, indicating that the gold nanoparticles are uniform in size and have good dispersibility. The hydrated particle size measurement result in Figure d is 65 nm.

[0073] Figure 3 The images show the Raman spectra and bimodal ratios (H) of Tremella fuciformis grown under four different cultivation methods and of varying quality, obtained from Examples 1 to 4. 730 / 478 difference.

[0074] Figure 3 The results show that the silver ear fungus sample at 730cm -1 and 478cm -1 All Raman characteristic peaks were detected. Peak intensities at two different peak positions were collected and their ratios were calculated to obtain the bipeak ratio H. 730 / 478 The bimodal ratio H of the bagged white fungus sample 1 was obtained. 730 / 478 Between 0.5 and 1, the bimodal ratio H of sample two of bagged white fungus was... 730 / 478 Between 1 and 4; the bimodal ratio H of sample 1 of *Tremella fuciformis*. 730 / 478 Between 7 and 10, the bimodal ratio H of sample two of *Tremella fuciformis* was... 730 / 478 Between 10 and 30.

[0075] Figure 4This is a bar chart of the bimodal ratio database of Tremella fuciformis samples, reflecting the range of bimodal ratios of four different Tremella fuciformis varieties with varying cultivation methods and quality.

[0076] Will Figure 3 The bimodal ratios of the obtained experimental examples 1 to 4 are related to Figure 4 The established database comparison conforms to the range of bimodal ratio, thus verifying the accuracy of the identification.

[0077] In summary, the method of this invention successfully achieves rapid identification of the cultivation mode of Tremella fuciformis. At the same time, it can be found that the quality of Tremella fuciformis sample 2 grown in bags is better than that of Tremella fuciformis sample 1 grown in bags, and the quality of Tremella fuciformis sample 2 grown on logs is better than that of Tremella fuciformis sample 1 grown on logs, thereby realizing the classification of the quality of Tremella fuciformis grown in the same cultivation mode.

[0078] As can be seen from the above experimental results, the method of the present invention for rapid identification of the cultivation mode and quality of Tremella fuciformis based on Raman spectroscopy can achieve rapid Raman identification of four different cultivation modes and quality of Tremella fuciformis within 15 minutes through simple operations such as crushing, pressing, centrifugation, mixing and oscillation, and Raman acquisition.

[0079] In addition to being applicable to the rapid identification of tremella with different cultivation methods and qualities, this invention is also applicable to rapid on-site identification and quality analysis in scenarios such as edible fungi origin traceability, agricultural product authenticity identification, food quality grading, and traditional Chinese medicine matrix differentiation.

[0080] The above description is merely of preferred embodiments of the present invention. It should be understood that the present invention is not limited to the specific embodiments described above. Although the present invention has been disclosed above with reference to preferred embodiments, it is not intended to limit the present invention. Any person skilled in the art can make some modifications or alterations to the above-disclosed technical content to create equivalent embodiments without departing from the scope of the present invention. Any simple modifications, equivalent substitutions, and improvements made to the above embodiments without departing from the scope of the present invention, based on the technical essence of the present invention, and within the spirit and principles of the present invention, shall still fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for rapid identification of cultivation patterns and quality of Tremella fuciformis based on Raman spectroscopy, characterized in that... The method is specifically implemented according to the following steps: I. Preparation of Tremella fuciformis samples: ① Prepare gold nanoparticles and disperse them in water to obtain a gold nanoparticle solution; ② Grind the dried solid tremella into powder to obtain tremella powder; ③ Mix the gold nanoparticle aqueous solution with the tremella powder evenly to obtain a mixture; ④ The mixture was made into thin sheets using a portable tablet press and then dried to obtain a sample of tremella. II. Raman spectroscopy of Tremella fuciformis samples: The silver ear fungus sample was placed on the sample stage of the Raman spectrometer system, and Raman spectra at different positions of the sample were acquired by surface scanning or line scanning. III. Establishing a database: ① Perform data processing on the Raman spectrum and extract the Raman spectrum located at 478 cm⁻¹. -1 and 730cm -1 The intensity of the Raman peak; ② Calculate 730cm -1 With 478cm -1 The bimodal intensity ratio of H 730 / 478 , ; ③ Prepare silver ear fungus samples from known cultivation methods and qualities using the above method, and test Raman spectra. Extract 478 cm⁻¹ -1 and 730cm -1 The Raman peak intensity was calculated, and the ratio of the two peaks, H, was determined. 730 / 478 Establish a database; The database mentioned in step 3③ includes basic information on each type of Tremella fuciformis, Raman spectral data, and the bimodal intensity ratio H. 730 / 478 ; IV. The bimodal intensity ratio H of the Tremella fuciformis sample to be tested 730 / 478 The ratio H of the bimodal intensity of the Tremella fuciformis samples in the established database 730 / 478 By comparison, the quality of the tested Tremella fuciformis samples is evaluated, and a quality identification conclusion is given.

2. The method for rapid identification of Tremella cultivation patterns and quality based on Raman spectroscopy according to claim 1, characterized in that... The preparation method of gold nanoparticles in step 1① is as follows: 1 mL to 100 mL of chloroauric acid solution with a concentration of 0.01 mg / mL to 50 mg / mL is heated to boiling. Then, 2 mL to 8 mL of sodium citrate solution with a concentration of 1 mg / mL to 50 mg / mL is added under a stirring speed of 100 rpm / min to 1100 rpm / min. The mixture is heated and stirred and kept boiling for 30 min. After cooling to room temperature, a solution containing gold nanoparticles with a particle size of 40 nm to 80 nm is obtained. The solution containing gold nanoparticles with a particle size of 40 nm to 80 nm is loaded into a centrifuge tube and centrifuged at a speed of 5000 rpm / min to 10000 rpm / min for 1 min to 10 min. The supernatant is removed, and ultrapure water is added. The mixture is shaken thoroughly until the gold nanoparticles are evenly dispersed to obtain a gold nanoparticle solution.

3. A method for rapid identification of Tremella cultivation patterns and quality based on Raman spectroscopy according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that... The concentration of the gold nanoparticle solution mentioned in step 1① is 0.02 nmol / L to 0.3 nmol / L.

4. The method for rapid identification of Tremella cultivation patterns and quality based on Raman spectroscopy according to claim 1, characterized in that... The gold nanoparticles mentioned in step 1① have a particle size of 40nm~80nm.

5. The method for rapid identification of Tremella cultivation patterns and quality based on Raman spectroscopy according to claim 1, characterized in that... The particle size of the tremella powder mentioned in step 1② is 180 micrometers to 400 micrometers.

6. The method for rapid identification of Tremella cultivation patterns and quality based on Raman spectroscopy according to claim 1, characterized in that... In step 1, the mass ratio of the tremella powder to the volume ratio of the gold nanoparticle aqueous solution in the mixture is (0.01g~50g):(0.1mL~20mL).

7. The method for rapid identification of Tremella cultivation patterns and quality based on Raman spectroscopy according to claim 1, characterized in that... In step 1, step 4, the mixture is placed in a tablet press and pressed into thin sheets with a diameter of 1 mm to 1000 mm; the thickness of the thin sheets is 1 mm to 100 mm; the drying in step 1, step 4 is to place the thin sheets on a drying table at 40°C to 50°C for drying.

8. The method for rapid identification of Tremella cultivation patterns and quality based on Raman spectroscopy according to claim 1, characterized in that... The parameters of the Raman spectrometer mentioned in step two are: excitation wavelength of 785nm, laser power of 50mW~100mW, integration time of 1s~10s, and averaging number of times of 1 to 3.

9. The method for rapid identification of Tremella cultivation patterns and quality based on Raman spectroscopy according to claim 1, characterized in that... In step two, Python programming is used to control the movement of the sample stage, with a step size of 1µm to 5µm, scanning from top to bottom to collect 150 to 300 sample points for each Tremella fuciformis sample.

10. The method for rapid identification of Tremella cultivation mode and quality based on Raman spectroscopy according to claim 1, characterized in that... Step four assesses the quality of the tested Tremella fuciformis sample and provides quality identification conclusions, including: the ratio of the bimodal intensity H of the tested Tremella fuciformis sample. 730 / 478 The samples were compared with the database thresholds. A ratio of 0.5 to 4 indicated bag cultivation, while a ratio of 7 to 30 indicated log cultivation. Abnormal samples needed to be retested. The quality was then further determined by combining the thresholds: a ratio of 0.5 to 1 for bag-grown white fungus was considered low quality, and a ratio of 1 to 4 was considered high quality; a ratio of 7 to 10 for log-grown white fungus was considered low quality, and a ratio of 10 to 30 was considered high quality.

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