A design method and design system of an antenna for high-power electromagnetic pulse measurement

Abstract

The application provides a design method and a design system for an antenna for strong electromagnetic pulse measurement, the method comprising determining output differential impedance of a designed antenna according to resistance values of coaxial cables connected to the designed antenna with a planar progressive conical monopole configuration; calculating a monopole half-cone angle, an equivalent charge height of the dipole, and determining a monopole profile size of the dipole according to the output differential impedance, a vacuum wave impedance, and a geometric height of the monopole; determining geometric sizes of a substrate according to the monopole profile size based on preset substrate size rules; determining materials of the dipole and the substrate based on a preset material selection table; and determining the designed antenna according to the materials of the dipole and the substrate, and the monopole profile size and the geometric size. The antenna determined by the design method and the design system can realize high-accuracy measurement of a strong electromagnetic pulse electric field in a narrow cavity.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of antenna design for high electromagnetic pulse measurement, and more specifically, to a design method and system for an antenna used for high electromagnetic pulse measurement. Background Technology

[0002] Antennas are fundamental sensors for measuring pulsed electromagnetic fields. Unlike traditional narrowband radio or radar signals, broadband pulse signals with high amplitude, fast leading edge, and large dynamic range pose new requirements for measurement antenna technology. Currently, the main sensor receiving antennas used for electromagnetic pulse electric field measurement are rod-shaped small antennas and D-dot asymptotic conical antennas. Starting in the last century, Baum et al., based on the principles of electric and magnetic dipoles, developed a series of dot antennas for measuring high-altitude electromagnetic pulse field signals. The output signal of a dot antenna is the differential of the measured electric field; after integration using hardware circuits or software, the radiated field signal can be obtained. Later, Baum et al. designed various geometric structures of D-dot antennas for pulsed electric field measurement, including planar dipole antennas, hollow hemispherical dipole antennas, and others. Figure 1 The three-dimensional progressive conical structure of the dipole antenna is shown.

[0003] Compared to rod-shaped small electric antennas, D-dot three-dimensional asymptotic conical antennas have a wider response bandwidth, reaching up to GHz, which can significantly improve the measurement bandwidth of sensors. However, the traditional asymptotic conical dipole (ACD) antenna has a three-dimensional axisymmetric structure and cannot be used as an internal electric field measurement antenna for measuring electric fields in confined spaces within certain devices. This is because applying traditional three-dimensional D-dot antennas to pulse electric field measurements in small, enclosed cavities would, on the one hand, alter the internal structure of the device, affecting its performance; on the other hand, the large size of the three-dimensional antenna itself would cause significant distortion of the electromagnetic field within the confined space, affecting the accuracy of the measurement. Summary of the Invention

[0004] To address the technical problem that existing antennas suitable for measuring strong electromagnetic pulses are three-dimensional axisymmetric structures and cannot be used as built-in electric field measurement antennas to meet the requirements of measuring electric fields in confined spaces within certain devices, this invention provides a design method and system for antennas used in measuring strong electromagnetic pulses.

[0005] According to one aspect of the present invention, the present invention provides a method for designing an antenna for measuring strong electromagnetic pulses, comprising: Based on the resistance value of the coaxial cable connected to the dipole of the proposed antenna, the output differential impedance of the proposed antenna is determined. The proposed antenna includes the dipole and a substrate, and the single-pole configuration of the dipole is a planar asymptotic cone. Calculate the single-pole half-cone angle of the dipole based on the output differential impedance and vacuum wave impedance; Based on the pre-set mapping table between monopole geometric height and upper limit frequency of response, the monopole geometric height of the corresponding dipole is determined according to the upper limit frequency of the response of the antenna to be designed. The monopole equivalent charge height of the dipole is calculated based on the monopole semi-cone angle and the monopole geometric height. The monopole profile dimensions of the dipole are determined based on the monopole equivalent charge height, monopole geometric height, and monopole semi-cone angle. Based on the preset substrate size rules, the geometric dimensions of the substrate are determined according to the single-pole profile dimensions; The materials of the dipole and the substrate are determined based on a preset material selection table. The proposed antenna design is determined based on the materials of the dipole and the substrate, as well as the monopole profile dimensions and the geometric dimensions.

[0006] According to another aspect of the present invention, the present invention provides a design system for an antenna for measuring strong electromagnetic pulses, the system comprising: The differential impedance calculation unit is used to determine the output differential impedance of the proposed antenna based on the resistance value of the coaxial cable connected to the dipole of the proposed antenna. The proposed antenna includes the dipole and a substrate, and the single-pole configuration of the dipole is a planar asymptotic cone. The half-cone angle calculation unit is used to calculate the single-pole half-cone angle of the dipole based on the output differential impedance and the vacuum wave impedance. The first height calculation unit is used to determine the monopole geometric height of the antenna to be designed based on the upper limit frequency of the response of the pre-set monopole geometric height and response upper limit frequency mapping table. The second height calculation unit calculates the monopole equivalent charge height of the dipole based on the monopole semi-cone angle and the monopole geometric height. The profile size calculation unit is used to determine the profile size of the dipole based on the equivalent charge height of the single pole, the geometric height of the single pole, and the half-cone angle of the single pole. A geometric dimension calculation unit is used to determine the geometric dimensions of the substrate based on the pre-set substrate size rules and the single-pole profile dimensions. The material determination unit is used to determine the materials of the dipole and the substrate based on a preset material selection table. The result output unit is used to determine the proposed antenna based on the materials of the dipole and the substrate, as well as the monopole profile dimensions and the geometric dimensions.

[0007] According to another aspect of the present invention, a computer-readable storage medium is provided, the storage medium storing a computer program that, when executed by a processor, implements the methods described in any of the above aspects of the present invention.

[0008] According to another aspect of the present invention, an electronic device is provided, the electronic device comprising: a processor; a memory for storing executable instructions of the processor; the processor being configured to read the executable instructions from the memory and execute the instructions to implement the method described in any of the preceding aspects of the present invention.

[0009] The present invention discloses a design method and system for an antenna used in strong electromagnetic pulse measurement. The method includes: determining the output differential impedance of the proposed antenna based on the resistance value of a coaxial cable connected to a planar asymptotically conical dipole with the proposed antenna configuration; calculating the monopole half-cone angle of the dipole based on the output differential impedance and the vacuum wave impedance; determining the monopole geometric height of the proposed antenna based on a pre-set mapping table of monopole geometric height and upper response frequency, according to the upper response frequency of the proposed antenna; calculating the monopole equivalent charge height of the dipole based on the monopole half-cone angle and the monopole geometric height; determining the monopole profile size of the dipole based on the monopole equivalent charge height, monopole geometric height, and monopole half-cone angle; determining the geometric size of the substrate based on the monopole profile size according to a pre-set substrate size rule; determining the materials of the dipole and the substrate based on a pre-set material selection table; and determining the proposed antenna based on the materials of the dipole and the substrate, as well as the monopole profile size and the geometric size. The antenna with wide response bandwidth and high interference immunity determined by the design method and system described above has a simple structure and small size, and can be integrated into the inner wall of the device. It can realize the measurement of ultra-wideband electromagnetic pulse electric field with ns and subns rising edges in narrow cavities, reduce interference to the internal functions of the cavity and improve measurement accuracy. Attached Figure Description

[0010] Exemplary embodiments of the present invention can be more fully understood by referring to the following figures: Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a three-dimensional axisymmetric asymptotic conical dipole antenna in the prior art. Figure 2 A flowchart illustrating a design method for an antenna for measuring strong electromagnetic pulses according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention; Figure 3This is a schematic diagram of the proposed antenna structure as determined by a preferred embodiment of the present invention; Figure 4 A schematic diagram of the monopole outline of the dipole of the proposed antenna according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention. Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of irradiation simulation of an antenna determined according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention using a 0-3 GHz plane excitation wave; Figure 6(a) is a schematic diagram showing the normalization of the excitation waveform obtained from the irradiation simulation and its comparison with the original radiation field waveform. Figure 6(b) is a schematic diagram showing the normalization of the spectrum obtained from the irradiation simulation and its comparison with the original radiation field frequency. Figure 7 A flowchart of an antenna design system for measuring strong electromagnetic pulses according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention; Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of an electronic device according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0011] Exemplary embodiments of the invention will now be described with reference to the accompanying drawings. However, the invention may be embodied in many different forms and is not limited to the embodiments described herein. These embodiments are provided to fully and completely disclose the invention and to fully convey its scope to those skilled in the art. The terminology used in the exemplary embodiments illustrated in the drawings is not intended to limit the invention. In the drawings, the same units / elements are referred to by the same reference numerals.

[0012] Unless otherwise stated, the terms used herein (including technical terms) have their common meaning as understood by one of ordinary skill in the art. Furthermore, it is understood that terms defined in commonly used dictionaries should be understood to have a meaning consistent with the context of their relevant field, and not to be interpreted as having an idealized or overly formal meaning.

[0013] Exemplary methods Figure 2 This is a flowchart illustrating a design method for an antenna for measuring strong electromagnetic pulses according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention. Figure 2 As shown, the design method of the antenna for measuring strong electromagnetic pulses according to this preferred embodiment begins with step 101.

[0014] In step 101, the output differential impedance of the antenna to be designed is determined based on the resistance value of the coaxial cable connected to the dipole of the antenna to be designed, wherein the single-pole configuration of the dipole is a planar asymptotic cone.

[0015] Figure 3This is a schematic diagram of the proposed antenna structure as determined by a preferred embodiment of the present invention. Figure 3 As shown, its sum Figure 1 Unlike traditional three-dimensional axisymmetric antennas, the dipole of the D-dot antenna in this preferred embodiment is a two-dimensional planar progressive cone. Therefore, the D-dot antenna described in this preferred embodiment is a patch type.

[0016] Preferably, the output differential impedance of the antenna to be designed is determined based on the resistance value of the coaxial cable connected to the dipole of the antenna to be designed, wherein: The resistance value ranges from 50. Up to 73 ; The output differential impedance is twice the resistance value.

[0017] In this preferred embodiment, the dipole of the proposed antenna is connected to a 50Ω coaxial cable, and the antenna output differential impedance is designed to be 100Ω.

[0018] In step 102, the monopole half-cone angle of the dipole is calculated based on the output differential impedance and the vacuum wave impedance.

[0019] Preferably, the monopole half-cone angle of the dipole is calculated based on the output differential impedance and the vacuum wave impedance, and the calculation formula is as follows: In the formula, The output differential impedance is... For vacuum wave impedance, The unipolar semi-cone angle is denoted as .

[0020] In this preferred embodiment, the output differential impedance is designed to be 100Ω. Then, according to the formula for calculating the single-pole half-cone angle, we can obtain... θ 0 is 47°.

[0021] In step 103, based on the preset mapping table of monopole geometric height and upper limit frequency of response, the monopole geometric height of the dipole corresponding to the upper limit frequency of the antenna to be designed is determined.

[0022] It is generally believed that the upper cutoff frequency of an antenna is mainly related to its height. A smaller antenna height theoretically results in a higher upper cutoff frequency. However, too small a height will lead to a decrease in gain when used as a receiving antenna, resulting in a reduction in the amplitude of the measured signal and affecting the sensitivity of the electric field probe. Therefore, the antenna height... h The relationship between the geometric height of a common antenna dipole monopole and the upper limit frequency of the response can be obtained through simulation, as shown in Table 1.

[0023] Table 1 Relationship between unipolar geometry height and upper limit frequency of response

[0024] In this preferred embodiment, the upper frequency limit of the antenna response is 5GHz, so the geometric height of the single pole is 10mm.

[0025] In step 104, the monopole equivalent charge height of the dipole is calculated based on the monopole semi-cone angle and the monopole geometric height.

[0026] Preferably, the equivalent charge height of the dipole is calculated based on the unipolar semi-cone angle and the unipolar geometric height, using the following formula: In the formula, The unipolar semi-cone angle, The unipolar geometric height, The height of the monopole equivalent charge of the dipole is denoted as .

[0027] In step 105, the unipolar profile dimensions of the dipole are determined based on the unipolar equivalent charge height, unipolar geometric height, and unipolar semi-cone angle.

[0028] Preferably, the monopole profile dimensions of the dipole are determined based on the monopole equivalent charge height and the monopole geometric height, and the expression is as follows: In the formula, The unipolar geometric height, The height of the monopole equivalent charge of the dipole. The coordinates of the single pole of the dipole, starting from the vertex of the cone, along the height direction, are... Let be the monopole profile radius of the dipole. Given that the monopole configuration of the dipole is a planar asymptotic cone, and the monopole geometric height and monopole semi-cone angle are known, it is determined using the above expression. and The monopole profile size of the dipole can be obtained by following the correspondence.

[0029] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the monopole outline of the dipole of the proposed antenna according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention. Figure 4 As shown, the monopole's external profile is plotted with radius r on the x-axis and height z on the y-axis, with h set to 10 mm. The monopole's semi-cone angle is... When the value is 47°, the resulting unipolar profile is a planar progressive cone.

[0030] In step 106, the geometric dimensions of the substrate are determined based on the preset substrate size rules and the single-pole profile dimensions.

[0031] Preferably, the geometric dimensions of the substrate are determined based on the pre-set substrate size rules and the unipolar profile dimensions, wherein the substrate size rules are as follows: The substrate is a cube with a thickness of a minimum value determined empirically, and its length and width are respectively extended by a distance based on the maximum geometric height and contour radius of the dipole.

[0032] In this preferred embodiment, the geometric height of the monopole is 10mm, corresponding to a maximum calculated contour radius of approximately 11mm. Therefore, the height of the dipole plus the connecting coaxial cable is slightly greater than 20mm. Based on this, it is extended 4 to 5mm to both sides along both the height and radius directions. Figure 3 As shown, the final substrate dimensions are 30mm x 20mm.

[0033] In step 107, the materials of the dipole and the substrate are determined based on a preset material selection table.

[0034] Preferably, the materials of the dipole and the substrate are determined based on a preset material selection table, wherein: The material selection table includes several types of good conductors, and the material of the dipole is determined by selecting one of these methods; and The material selection table also includes several types of dielectric substrates, and the material of the substrate is determined by selecting one of them.

[0035] In this preferred embodiment, the dipole is made of copper with a thickness of 0.035 mm after processing, and the dielectric substrate is made of F4B material with a dielectric constant of 2.65 and a thickness of 1 μm. The sum of the two results in a thickness of 1.035 mm for the proposed antenna. Therefore, the final overall size of the proposed antenna is 30 mm * 20 mm * 1.035 mm.

[0036] In step 108, the proposed antenna is determined based on the materials of the dipole and the substrate, as well as the monopole profile dimensions and the geometric dimensions.

[0037] Figure 5 Figure 6 is a schematic diagram of irradiation simulation of an antenna determined according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention using a 0-3 GHz plane excitation wave. Figure 6 shows a schematic diagram of normalizing the excitation waveform and spectrum obtained from the irradiation simulation and comparing them with the original radiation field waveform and frequency. As shown in Figure 6, after integration, the coupled voltage waveform on the 10 mm height antenna has a shape and spectrum that are basically the same as the radiation field voltage waveform, enabling nanosecond-level broadband electric field measurement inside a small cavity.

[0038] The antenna designed using the preferred embodiment for measuring strong electromagnetic pulses, as shown in simulation results, conforms to the characteristics of simple structure, lightweight, small size, and wide bandwidth, and can achieve the measurement of nanosecond-level electromagnetic pulse electric fields at the GHz level. Figure 1 Compared to the three-dimensional symmetric axis antenna shown, the antenna obtained by the design method of this preferred embodiment is a patch type, which is smaller in size, has weaker interference with the spatial electric field, and is more suitable for measuring strong electromagnetic pulses in narrow cavities.

[0039] Exemplary System Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the design system for an antenna used for measuring strong electromagnetic pulses according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention. Figure 7 As shown, the antenna design system 200 for measuring strong electromagnetic pulses according to this preferred embodiment includes: The differential impedance calculation unit 201 is used to determine the output differential impedance of the antenna to be designed based on the resistance value of the coaxial cable connected to the dipole of the antenna to be designed, wherein the single-pole configuration of the dipole is a planar asymptotic cone. The half-cone angle calculation unit 202 is used to calculate the single-pole half-cone angle of the dipole based on the output differential impedance and the vacuum wave impedance. The first height calculation unit 203 is used to determine the monopole geometric height of the corresponding dipole based on the upper limit frequency of the response of the antenna to be designed, according to the pre-set mapping table between monopole geometric height and response upper limit frequency. The second height calculation unit 204 calculates the unipolar equivalent charge height of the dipole based on the unipolar semi-cone angle and the unipolar geometric height. The contour size calculation unit 205 is used to determine the unipolar contour size of the dipole based on the unipolar equivalent charge height, unipolar geometric height and unipolar half-cone angle; The geometric dimension calculation unit 206 is used to determine the geometric dimensions of the substrate based on the unipolar profile dimensions according to the preset substrate size rules. The material determination unit 207 is used to determine the materials of the dipole and the substrate based on a preset material selection table; The result output unit 208 is used to determine the proposed antenna design based on the materials of the dipole and the substrate, as well as the monopole profile dimensions and the geometric dimensions.

[0040] The design system for antennas used for measuring strong electromagnetic pulses described in this preferred embodiment and the design method for antennas used for measuring strong electromagnetic pulses have the same steps in determining the monopole profile dimensions of the dipole, the geometric dimensions of the substrate, and the materials of the dipole and the substrate based on the obtained resistance value of the coaxial cable connected to the planar progressive conical dipole of the antenna to be designed, the vacuum wave impedance, and the geometric height corresponding to the upper limit response frequency of the antenna to be designed. The technical effects achieved are also the same, and will not be repeated here.

[0041] Exemplary electronic devices Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of an electronic device according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention. Figure 8 As shown, the electronic device includes one or more processors 301 and memory 302.

[0042] The processor 301 may be a central processing unit (CPU) or other form of processing unit with data processing capabilities and / or instruction execution capabilities, and may control other components in the electronic device to perform desired functions.

[0043] Memory 302 may include one or more computer program products, which may include various forms of computer-readable storage media, such as volatile memory and / or non-volatile memory. The volatile memory may include, for example, random access memory (RAM) and / or cache memory. The non-volatile memory may include, for example, read-only memory (ROM), hard disk, flash memory, etc. One or more computer program instructions may be stored on the computer-readable storage medium, and processor 301 may execute the program instructions to implement the antenna design methods for strong electromagnetic pulse measurement of the various embodiments disclosed above, and / or other desired functions. In one example, the electronic device may also include an input device 303 and an output device 304, these components being interconnected via a bus system and / or other forms of connection mechanisms (not shown).

[0044] In addition, the input device 303 may also include, for example, a keyboard, a mouse, etc.

[0045] The output device 304 can output various information to the outside. The output device 304 may include, for example, a display, a speaker, a printer, and a communication network and its connected remote output devices, etc.

[0046] Of course, for the sake of simplicity, Figure 8Only some of the components of the electronic device relevant to this disclosure are shown, omitting components such as buses, input / output interfaces, etc. In addition, the electronic device may include any other suitable components depending on the specific application.

[0047] Exemplary computer program products and computer-readable storage media In addition to the methods and apparatus described above, embodiments of this disclosure may also be computer program products comprising computer program instructions that, when executed by a processor, cause the processor to perform the steps in the design method for an antenna for measuring strong electromagnetic pulses according to various embodiments of this disclosure as described in the "Exemplary Methods" section of this specification.

[0048] The computer program product can be written in any combination of one or more programming languages ​​to perform the operations of the embodiments of this disclosure. The programming languages ​​include object-oriented programming languages ​​such as Java and C++, as well as conventional procedural programming languages ​​such as C or similar languages. The program code can be executed entirely on a user's computing device, partially on a user's computing device, as a standalone software package, partially on a user's computing device and partially on a remote computing device, or entirely on a remote computing device or server.

[0049] Furthermore, embodiments of this disclosure may also be computer-readable storage media storing computer program instructions that, when executed by a processor, cause the processor to perform the steps in the design method of an antenna for measuring strong electromagnetic pulses according to various embodiments of this disclosure as described in the "Exemplary Methods" section above.

[0050] The computer-readable storage medium may be any combination of one or more readable media. A readable medium may be a readable signal medium or a readable storage medium. A readable storage medium may be, for example, an electrical, magnetic, optical, electromagnetic, infrared, or semiconductor system, apparatus, or device, or any combination thereof. More specific examples of readable storage media (a non-exhaustive list) include: an electrical connection having one or more wires, a portable disk, a hard disk, random access memory (RAM), read-only memory (ROM), erasable programmable read-only memory (EPROM or flash memory), optical fiber, portable compact disk read-only memory (CD-ROM), optical storage device, magnetic storage device, or any suitable combination thereof.

[0051] The basic principles of this disclosure have been described above with reference to specific embodiments. However, it should be noted that the advantages, benefits, and effects mentioned in this disclosure are merely examples and not limitations, and should not be considered as essential features of each embodiment of this disclosure. Furthermore, the specific details disclosed above are for illustrative and facilitative purposes only, and are not limitations. These details do not limit the scope of this disclosure to the necessity of employing the aforementioned specific details for implementation.

[0052] The various embodiments in this specification are described in a progressive manner, with each embodiment focusing on its differences from other embodiments. Similar or identical parts between embodiments can be referred to interchangeably. For system embodiments, since they largely correspond to method embodiments, the description is relatively simple; relevant parts can be referred to the descriptions in the method embodiments.

[0053] The block diagrams of devices, apparatuses, devices, and systems disclosed herein are merely illustrative examples and are not intended to require or imply that they must be connected, arranged, or configured in the manner shown in the block diagrams. As those skilled in the art will recognize, these devices, apparatuses, devices, and systems can be connected, arranged, and configured in any manner. Words such as “comprising,” “including,” “having,” etc., are open-ended terms meaning “including but not limited to,” and are used interchangeably with them. The terms “or” and “and” as used herein refer to the terms “and / or,” and are used interchangeably with them unless the context clearly indicates otherwise. The term “such as” as used herein refers to the phrase “such as but not limited to,” and is used interchangeably with it.

[0054] The apparatus and methods of this disclosure may be implemented in many ways. For example, they may be implemented by software, hardware, firmware, or any combination of software, hardware, and firmware. The above-described order of steps for the methods is for illustrative purposes only, and the steps of the methods of this disclosure are not limited to the order specifically described above unless otherwise specifically stated. Furthermore, in some embodiments, this disclosure may also be implemented as a program recorded on a recording medium, the program including machine-readable instructions for implementing the methods according to this disclosure. Thus, this disclosure also covers recording media storing programs for performing the methods according to this disclosure.

[0055] It should also be noted that in the apparatus, devices, and methods of this disclosure, the components or steps are decomposable and / or recombinable. Such decomposition and / or recombination should be considered equivalent to the present disclosure. The above description of the disclosed aspects is provided to enable any person skilled in the art to make or use this disclosure. Various modifications to these aspects will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art, and the general principles defined herein can be applied to other aspects without departing from the scope of this disclosure. Therefore, this disclosure is not intended to be limited to the aspects shown herein, but rather to be carried out within the widest scope consistent with the principles and novel features disclosed herein.

[0056] The above description has been given for purposes of illustration and description. Furthermore, this description is not intended to limit the embodiments of this disclosure to the forms disclosed herein. Although numerous exemplary aspects and embodiments have been discussed above, those skilled in the art will recognize certain variations, modifications, alterations, additions, and sub-combinations therein.

Claims

1. A method for designing an antenna for measuring strong electromagnetic pulses, characterized in that, The method includes: Based on the resistance value of the coaxial cable connected to the dipole of the proposed antenna, the output differential impedance of the proposed antenna is determined. The proposed antenna includes the dipole and a substrate, and the single-pole configuration of the dipole is a planar asymptotic cone. Calculate the single-pole half-cone angle of the dipole based on the output differential impedance and vacuum wave impedance; Based on the pre-set mapping table between monopole geometric height and upper limit frequency of response, the monopole geometric height of the corresponding dipole is determined according to the upper limit frequency of the response of the antenna to be designed. The monopole equivalent charge height of the dipole is calculated based on the monopole semi-cone angle and the monopole geometric height. The monopole profile dimensions of the dipole are determined based on the monopole equivalent charge height, monopole geometric height, and monopole semi-cone angle. Based on the preset substrate size rules, the geometric dimensions of the substrate are determined according to the single-pole profile dimensions; The materials of the dipole and the substrate are determined based on a preset material selection table. The proposed antenna design is determined based on the materials of the dipole and the substrate, as well as the monopole profile dimensions and the geometric dimensions.

2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, Based on the resistance value of the coaxial cable connected to the dipole of the antenna to be designed, the output differential impedance of the antenna to be designed is determined, where: The resistance value ranges from 50. Up to 73 ; The output differential impedance is twice the resistance value.

3. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, Based on the output differential impedance and vacuum wave impedance, the single-pole half-cone angle of the dipole is calculated using the following formula: In the formula, The output differential impedance is... For vacuum wave impedance, The unipolar semi-cone angle is denoted as .

4. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, Based on the unipolar semi-cone angle and the unipolar geometric height, the unipolar equivalent charge height of the dipole is calculated using the following formula: In the formula, The unipolar semi-cone angle, The unipolar geometric height, The height of the monopole equivalent charge of the dipole is denoted as .

5. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, Based on the equivalent charge height and geometric height of the monopole, the monopole profile dimensions of the dipole are determined, and their expression is as follows: In the formula, The unipolar geometric height, The height of the monopole equivalent charge of the dipole. The coordinates of the single pole of the dipole, starting from the vertex of the cone, along the height direction, are... Let be the monopole profile radius of the dipole. Given that the monopole configuration of the dipole is a planar asymptotic cone, and the monopole geometric height and monopole semi-cone angle are known, it is determined using the above expression. and The monopole profile size of the dipole can be obtained by following the correspondence.

6. The method according to claim 5, characterized in that, Based on preset substrate size rules, the geometric dimensions of the substrate are determined according to the single-pole profile dimensions, wherein the substrate size rules are as follows: The substrate is a cube with a thickness of a minimum value determined empirically, and its length and width are respectively extended by a distance based on the maximum geometric height and contour radius of the dipole.

7. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, Based on a pre-set material selection table, the materials of the dipole and the substrate are determined, wherein: The material selection table includes several types of good conductors, and the material of the dipole is determined by selecting one of these methods; and The material selection table also includes several types of dielectric substrates, and the material of the substrate is determined by selecting one of them.

8. A design system for an antenna used for measuring strong electromagnetic pulses, characterized in that, The system includes: The differential impedance calculation unit is used to determine the output differential impedance of the proposed antenna based on the resistance value of the coaxial cable connected to the dipole of the proposed antenna. The proposed antenna includes the dipole and a substrate, and the single-pole configuration of the dipole is a planar asymptotic cone. The half-cone angle calculation unit is used to calculate the single-pole half-cone angle of the dipole based on the output differential impedance and the vacuum wave impedance. The first height calculation unit is used to determine the monopole geometric height of the antenna to be designed based on the upper limit frequency of the response of the pre-set monopole geometric height and response upper limit frequency mapping table. The second height calculation unit calculates the monopole equivalent charge height of the dipole based on the monopole semi-cone angle and the monopole geometric height. The profile size calculation unit is used to determine the profile size of the dipole based on the equivalent charge height of the single pole, the geometric height of the single pole, and the half-cone angle of the single pole. A geometric dimension calculation unit is used to determine the geometric dimensions of the substrate based on the pre-set substrate size rules and the single-pole profile dimensions. The material determination unit is used to determine the materials of the dipole and the substrate based on a preset material selection table. The result output unit is used to determine the proposed antenna design based on the materials of the dipole and the substrate, as well as the monopole profile dimensions and the geometric dimensions.

9. A computer-readable storage medium having a computer program stored thereon, characterized in that, When the program is executed by the processor, it implements the steps of the method as described in any one of claims 1-7.

10. An electronic device, characterized in that, include: processor; Memory used to store the processor's executable instructions; The processor is configured to read the executable instructions from the memory and execute the executable instructions to implement the steps of the method according to any one of claims 1-7.

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