Plasma torch and method of assembling the same

Abstract

This invention provides a plasma cutting torch and its assembly method, relating to the technical field of plasma cutting torches. The plasma cutting torch includes an electrode, an electrode holder, a ceramic insulator, a vortex ring, a nozzle, and a nozzle seat. The ceramic insulator is sleeved on the electrode holder, the nozzle seat is sleeved outside the ceramic insulator, and the nozzle is mounted on the nozzle seat. The axes of the electrode holder and the nozzle seat coincide. Connecting sleeves are injection molded onto the electrode holder, the ceramic insulator, and the nozzle seat. The vortex ring is disposed between the electrode holder and the nozzle seat. A first mounting seat for mounting the inner ring of the vortex ring is formed on the outer wall of the electrode holder, and a second mounting seat for mounting the outer ring of the vortex ring is formed on the inner wall of the nozzle seat. A gas supply channel is formed inside the electrode holder, a guide channel communicating with the gas supply channel is formed between the electrode holder and the ceramic insulator, and a purging channel is formed between the nozzle and the electrode. The vortex orifice connects the guide channel and the purging channel. This achieves the technical effect of improving the stability of the airflow and the electric arc.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of plasma cutting torch technology, and more specifically, to a plasma cutting torch and its assembly method. Background Technology

[0002] Traditional plasma cutting torches are air-cooled torches. Gas enters through the air inlet pipe and flows through the electrode holder and insulating sleeve to form cooling gas and working vortex gas. The workpiece is cut by the electric arc generated between the electrode and the nozzle. The vortex ring is an integral ceramic component with oblique holes machined directly on the ceramic component to form vortex channels. The torch shell is a conventional molding structure. There is no unified secondary finishing process after the components are assembled. The air inlet pipe only serves a single function of gas delivery.

[0003] Core components such as vortex rings rely on ceramic firing for forming, and the processing accuracy is greatly affected by the firing process. The performance and accuracy of the cutting torch cannot be standardized and quantitatively controlled, resulting in poor airflow and arc stability. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of this invention is to provide a plasma cutting torch and its assembly method to alleviate the technical problem of poor airflow and arc stability in the prior art.

[0005] In a first aspect, embodiments of the present invention provide a plasma cutting torch, comprising an electrode, an electrode holder, a ceramic insulating component, a vortex ring, a nozzle, and a nozzle holder; The electrode is mounted on the electrode seat, the ceramic insulating component is sleeved on the electrode seat, the nozzle seat is sleeved outside the ceramic insulating component, the nozzle is mounted on the nozzle seat, the axes of the electrode seat and the nozzle seat coincide, and the electrode seat, the ceramic insulating component and the nozzle seat are injection molded with connecting sleeves; The vortex ring is disposed between the electrode seat and the nozzle seat. The vortex ring has a plurality of vortex holes. The axis of the vortex holes intersects the radial direction of the vortex ring. The outer wall of the electrode seat has a first mounting seat for mounting the inner ring of the vortex ring. The inner wall of the nozzle seat has a second mounting seat for mounting the outer ring of the vortex ring. An air supply channel is provided inside the electrode holder, and a flow guide channel communicating with the air supply channel is provided between the electrode holder and the ceramic insulating component. A purging channel is provided between the nozzle and the electrode, and the vortex hole communicates with the flow guide channel and the purging channel.

[0006] In conjunction with the first aspect, the present invention provides a possible implementation of the first aspect, wherein the electrode holder includes an electrode holder flange, an electrode holder body, and an electrode holder air tube; One end of the ceramic insulating component is fitted onto the electrode seat flange, and a sealing ring is provided on the outer wall of the electrode seat flange; The electrode holder air tube is inserted into the electrode holder body. One end of both the electrode holder body and the electrode holder air tube is fixedly mounted on the electrode holder flange, and the other end of the electrode holder air tube is fixedly inserted into the electrode holder body. A first flow passage is provided between the electrode holder body and the electrode holder air tube. The electrode holder body has a first flow hole at one end away from the electrode holder flange for communicating with the air supply channel, and a second flow hole at the other end for communicating with the flow guide channel.

[0007] In conjunction with the first aspect, the present invention provides one possible implementation of the first aspect, wherein the electrode is threadedly connected to one end of the electrode holder body away from the electrode holder flange; An air guide pipe is provided at one end of the electrode holder body away from the electrode holder flange. The end of the air guide pipe away from the electrode holder body extends into the electrode. A second flow channel is provided between the air guide pipe and the inner wall of the electrode. The second flow channel is connected to the first flow channel through the first flow hole.

[0008] In conjunction with the first aspect, the present invention provides a possible implementation of the first aspect, wherein the inner wall of the electrode holder body is provided with a heat dissipation groove for increasing the heat dissipation area.

[0009] In conjunction with the first aspect, the present invention provides a possible implementation of the first aspect, wherein the number of both the first flow-through hole and the second flow-through hole is multiple, and the multiple first flow-through holes and the multiple second flow-through holes are evenly distributed.

[0010] In conjunction with the first aspect, the present invention provides a possible implementation of the first aspect, wherein a conductive gas pipe is connected to the electrode seat flange, and the conductive gas pipe is in communication with the electrode seat gas pipe. The conductive gas tube is electrically connected to the electrode through both the electrode seat flange and the electrode seat body.

[0011] In conjunction with the first aspect, the present invention provides a possible implementation of the first aspect, wherein the ceramic insulating component has a first vent hole along its axis, and the first vent hole is located within the flow channel.

[0012] In conjunction with the first aspect, the present invention provides a possible implementation of the first aspect, wherein a second vent hole is provided on the ceramic insulating member along its axis, and the first vent hole is located inside the second vent hole; The nozzle seat has a third exhaust port that communicates with the outside world, and the second exhaust port communicates with the third exhaust port.

[0013] In conjunction with the first aspect, the present invention provides a possible implementation of the first aspect, wherein an outer ceramic sleeve is fitted on the outer wall of the nozzle seat, a protective channel is provided between the outer ceramic sleeve and the nozzle, and the second exhaust hole is connected to the protective channel through the third exhaust hole.

[0014] In conjunction with the first aspect, the present invention provides one possible implementation of the first aspect, wherein an arc-guiding wire is connected to the nozzle seat, and the arc-guiding wire is electrically connected to the nozzle through the nozzle seat.

[0015] Secondly, embodiments of the present invention provide a plasma cutting torch assembly method, comprising the following steps: The electrode holder flange, electrode holder body, and electrode holder air tube are welded together. Then, the sealing ring is placed on the outer wall of the electrode holder flange, and the ceramic insulating part is placed on the outside of the electrode holder body. Apply sealant to the outer wall of the ceramic insulator, then place the nozzle seat on the outside of the ceramic insulator, weld the conductive gas tube to the electrode seat flange, and weld the arc-leading wire to the nozzle seat. The electrode holder body and the nozzle holder are concentrically set on the injection molding fixture, and then the connecting sleeve is injection molded on the electrode holder flange, the ceramic insulating part and the nozzle holder. The outer wall of the electrode holder body and the inner wall of the nozzle holder are precision machined, and the vortex ring is pressed into the first mounting base and the second mounting base. The electrode thread is installed outside the electrode holder body, the nozzle thread is installed inside the nozzle holder, and the outer ceramic sleeve thread is installed outside the nozzle holder.

[0016] Beneficial effects: This invention provides a plasma cutting torch, comprising an electrode, an electrode holder, a ceramic insulator, a vortex ring, a nozzle, and a nozzle seat. The electrode is mounted on the electrode holder, the ceramic insulator is sleeved on the electrode holder, the nozzle seat is sleeved outside the ceramic insulator, and the nozzle is mounted on the nozzle seat. The axes of the electrode holder and the nozzle seat coincide, and connecting sleeves are injection molded onto the electrode holder, the ceramic insulator, and the nozzle seat. The vortex ring is disposed between the electrode holder and the nozzle seat, and has multiple vortex holes. The axes of the vortex holes intersect the radial direction of the vortex ring. A first mounting seat for mounting the inner ring of the vortex ring is provided on the outer wall of the electrode holder, and a second mounting seat for mounting the outer ring of the vortex ring is provided on the inner wall of the nozzle seat. A gas supply channel is provided inside the electrode holder, a guide channel communicating with the gas supply channel is provided between the electrode holder and the ceramic insulator, and a purge channel is provided between the nozzle and the electrode. The vortex holes communicate with the guide channel and the purge channel.

[0017] Specifically, the gas supply channel inside the electrode holder is connected to an external gas supply pipeline. Cooling gas enters through the gas supply channel and then blows through the inner walls of both the electrode and the electrode holder. It then enters the guide channel, where it blows through the outer wall of the electrode holder. The cooling gas then passes through the vortex ring into the blowing channel, where it forms a stable vortex. This vortex gas smoothly blows out the electric arc generated between the electrode and the nozzle, completing the workpiece cutting. The vortex ring is independent of the ceramic insulator. A first mounting base is provided on the outer wall of the electrode holder, and a second mounting base is provided on the inner wall of the nozzle holder. The vortex ring is mounted using both the first and second mounting bases, ensuring that the electrode holder, nozzle holder, and vortex ring are concentrically mounted. This allows the vortex ring to provide a stable vortex airflow, effectively preventing arc jitter, making the cutting process smoother, and significantly improving cutting accuracy.

[0018] This invention provides a plasma cutting torch assembly method, comprising the following steps: welding the electrode seat flange, electrode seat body, and electrode seat gas pipe together; then fitting a sealing ring onto the outer wall of the electrode seat flange and fitting a ceramic insulating component onto the outer side of the electrode seat body; applying sealant to the outer wall of the ceramic insulating component; then fitting a nozzle seat onto the outer side of the ceramic insulating component; welding the conductive gas pipe to the electrode seat flange and welding the arc-starting wire to the nozzle seat; concentrically mounting the electrode seat body and nozzle seat on an injection molding fixture; then injection molding connecting sleeves onto the electrode seat flange, ceramic insulating component, and nozzle seat; precision machining the outer wall of the electrode seat body and the inner wall of the nozzle seat; pressing the vortex ring into the first and second mounting seats; installing the electrode thread outside the electrode seat body, threading the nozzle thread inside the nozzle seat, and threading the outer ceramic sleeve outside the nozzle seat. This plasma cutting torch assembly method has the advantages described above compared to existing technologies, which will not be elaborated further here. Attached Figure Description

[0019] To more clearly illustrate the specific embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the specific embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained from these drawings without creative effort.

[0020] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the plasma cutting torch provided in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a cross-sectional view of the plasma cutting torch provided in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 3 This is a partial enlarged view of the anti-detachment protrusion ring in the plasma cutting torch provided in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 4This is a schematic diagram of the electrode holder in a plasma cutting torch provided in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0021] icon: 100 - Electrode; 110 - Second flow channel; 200-Electrode holder; 201-First mounting base; 210-Electrode holder flange; 211-Sealing ring; 220-Electrode holder body; 221-First flow hole; 222-Second flow hole; 223-Heat dissipation groove; 230-Electrode holder air pipe; 240-First flow channel; 250-Air guide pipe; 260-Electrical air pipe; 270-Protective sleeve; 300 - Ceramic insulator; 310 - First vent; 320 - Second vent; 400 - Vortex ring; 410 - Vortex hole; 500-nozzle; 600 - Nozzle seat; 601 - Second mounting seat; 602 - Anti-detachment protrusion ring; 610 - Third vent hole; 620 - Arc guide wire; 700-Connecting Sleeve; 810 - Gas supply channel; 820 - Flow diversion channel; 830 - Purge channel; 900 - Outer ceramic sleeve; 910 - Protective channel. Detailed Implementation

[0022] The technical solution of the present invention will now be clearly and completely described with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some, not all, of the embodiments of the present invention. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0023] In the description of this invention, it should be understood that the terms "center," "longitudinal," "lateral," "length," "width," "thickness," "upper," "lower," "front," "rear," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "top," "bottom," "inner," "outer," "clockwise," "counterclockwise," "axial," "radial," and "circumferential" indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. They are used only for the convenience of describing this invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on this invention.

[0024] Furthermore, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of that feature. In the description of this invention, "a plurality of" means two or more, unless otherwise explicitly specified.

[0025] In this invention, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "installation," "connection," "linking," and "fixing," etc., should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral part; they can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; they can refer to the internal communication of two components or the interaction between two components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this invention according to the specific circumstances.

[0026] The present invention will now be described in further detail with reference to specific embodiments and accompanying drawings.

[0027] See Figure 1 , Figure 2 , Figure 3 and Figure 4 As shown, this embodiment provides a plasma cutting torch, including an electrode 100, an electrode holder 200, a ceramic insulator 300, a vortex ring 400, a nozzle 500, and a nozzle seat 600. The electrode 100 is mounted on the electrode holder 200, the ceramic insulator 300 is sleeved on the electrode holder 200, the nozzle seat 600 is sleeved outside the ceramic insulator 300, and the nozzle 500 is mounted on the nozzle seat 600. The axes of the electrode holder 200 and the nozzle seat 600 coincide. A connecting sleeve 700 is injection molded onto the electrode holder 200, the ceramic insulator 300, and the nozzle seat 600. The vortex ring 400 is disposed between the electrode holder 200 and the nozzle seat 600. The vortex ring 400 has multiple vortex holes 410, the axis of which intersects the radial direction of the vortex ring 400. The outer wall of the electrode seat 200 has a first mounting seat 201 for mounting the inner ring of the vortex ring 400, and the inner wall of the nozzle seat 600 has a second mounting seat 601 for mounting the outer ring of the vortex ring 400. The electrode seat 200 has an air supply channel 810, and there is a guide channel 820 between the electrode seat 200 and the ceramic insulator 300 that communicates with the air supply channel 810. There is a purge channel 830 between the nozzle 500 and the electrode 100. The vortex holes 410 connect the guide channel 820 and the purge channel 830.

[0028] Specifically, the air supply channel 810 inside the electrode holder 200 is connected to an external air supply pipeline. Cooling gas enters through the air supply channel 810 and then blows through the inner walls of both the electrode 100 and the electrode holder 200 along the air supply channel 810. It then enters the guide channel 820, where it blows through the outer wall of the electrode holder 200. Finally, the cooling gas passes through the vortex ring 400 and enters the purging channel 830, where it forms a stable vortex. This vortex gas then connects the electrode 100 and the nozzle 500. The electric arc generated between the electrodes is smoothly blown out to complete the workpiece cutting. The eddy current ring 400 is independent of the ceramic insulator 300. A first mounting seat 201 is provided on the outer wall of the electrode seat 200, and a second mounting seat 601 is provided on the inner wall of the nozzle seat 600. The eddy current ring 400 is installed using both the first mounting seat 201 and the second mounting seat 601, so that the electrode seat 200, the nozzle seat 600 and the eddy current ring 400 are installed concentrically. This allows the eddy current ring 400 to provide a stable eddy current airflow, effectively avoiding arc jitter, making the cutting process more stable and significantly improving the cutting accuracy.

[0029] The end of electrode 100 is provided with hafnium wire.

[0030] It should be noted that both the first mounting base 201 and the second mounting base 601 are interference-fitted with the eddy ring 400, and a shoulder is provided on the electrode seat body 220 at the first mounting base 201. The shoulder is used to limit the maximum pressing depth of the eddy ring 400. An anti-detachment protrusion 602 is provided on the nozzle seat 600 at the second mounting base 601. The anti-detachment protrusion 602 protrudes from the inner wall of the nozzle seat 600.

[0031] See Figure 1 , Figure 2 , Figure 3 and Figure 4 As shown, in the optional embodiment, the electrode holder 200 includes an electrode holder flange 210, an electrode holder body 220, and an electrode holder air tube 230; one end of the ceramic insulating component 300 is sleeved on the electrode holder flange 210, and a sealing ring 211 is provided on the outer wall of the electrode holder flange 210; the electrode holder air tube 230 is inserted into the electrode holder body 220, and one end of both the electrode holder body 220 and the electrode holder air tube 230 is fixedly set on the electrode holder flange 210, and the other end of the electrode holder air tube 230 is fixedly inserted into the electrode holder body 220, and a first flow passage 240 is provided between the electrode holder body and the electrode holder air tube 230; the electrode holder body 220 has a first flow hole 221 for communicating with the air supply passage 810 at one end away from the electrode holder flange 210, and a second flow hole 222 for communicating with the guide passage 820 at the other end.

[0032] The electrode 100 is threadedly connected to the end of the electrode holder body 220 away from the electrode holder flange 210. A gas guide pipe 250 is provided at the end of the electrode holder body 220 away from the electrode holder flange 210. The end of the gas guide pipe 250 away from the electrode holder body 220 extends into the electrode 100. A second flow channel 110 is provided between the gas guide pipe 250 and the inner wall of the electrode 100. The second flow channel 110 is connected to the first flow channel 240 through the first flow hole 221.

[0033] Specifically, the electrode holder air tube 230 is inserted into the electrode holder body 220, and a first flow channel 240 is provided between the electrode holder air tube 230 and the electrode holder body 220. The electrode holder air tube 230 and the electrode holder body 220 are welded to the electrode holder flange 210, and the electrode 100 is threaded onto the end of the electrode holder body 220 away from the electrode holder flange 210. A guide pipe 250 is provided at the end of the electrode holder body 220 located inside the electrode 100, so that cooling gas can be blown along the air supply channel 810 to the inner wall of the electrode 100, and cooling air can be drawn from the guide pipe. After the air 250 is discharged and impacts the inner wall of the electrode 100, it enters the second flow channel 110 between the air guide tube 250 and the inner wall of the electrode 100. A first flow hole 221 is provided at one end of the electrode body 220 located inside the electrode 100, so that the cooling air along the second flow channel 110 passes through the first flow hole 221 and enters the first flow channel 240. A second flow hole 222 is provided at one end of the electrode body 220 near the electrode seat flange 210, so that the cooling air in the first flow channel 240 can enter the guide channel 820 through the second flow hole 222.

[0034] Among them, the electrode holder air tube 230 is conductive, and the space inside the electrode holder air tube 230 is an air supply channel 810.

[0035] The air guide tube 250 and the electrode seat air tube 230 can be an integral structure, or the air guide tube 250 can be set at the end of the electrode seat air tube 230 by welding or other means.

[0036] In addition, heat dissipation grooves 223 are provided on the inner wall of the electrode holder body 220 to increase the heat dissipation area. By setting the heat dissipation grooves 223, the heat dissipation area of ​​the electrode holder body 220 is increased, thereby improving the heat dissipation effect. The heat dissipation grooves 223 can be spiral grooves. The spiral grooves increase the contact area between the electrode holder body 220 and the cooling gas, allowing for more thorough contact between the cooling gas and the electrode 100. When the cooling gas flows through the spiral grooves, it can quickly carry away the heat transferred from the electrode 100 to the electrode holder body 220, improving the stability of the cutting torch during high-temperature operation.

[0037] It should be noted that cooling gas is introduced into the electrode holder through the electrode holder air pipe 230. The cooling gas is buffered by the second flow channel 110 and the first flow channel 240. Then, the cooling gas enters the guide channel 820 through the second flow hole 222, and finally enters the vortex ring 400 through the vortex hole 410. This setting improves the stability of the cooling gas in the blowing channel 830, avoids airflow turbulence, and the stable vortex airflow effectively avoids arc vibration, making the cutting process smoother and significantly improving the cutting accuracy.

[0038] It should be noted that there are multiple first flow holes 221 and multiple second flow holes 222, and the multiple first flow holes 221 and multiple second flow holes 222 are evenly distributed.

[0039] It should be noted that the electrode holder gas pipe 230 is responsible for both negative electrode conduction and cooling gas supply, eliminating the need for separate conductive components, simplifying the overall structure, and reducing assembly difficulty.

[0040] It should also be noted that the eddy current ring 400 and the ceramic insulator 300 are separate structures, and the eddy current ring 400 can be made of easily machinable materials, such as polyimide and other easily machinable insulating materials. Eddy current holes 410 are machined to ensure that all holes are of consistent size and meet roundness standards. The eddy current holes 410 are oblique circular holes, and their axis intersects the radial direction of the eddy current ring 400. With this configuration, the eddy current ring 400, the electrode holder body 220, and the nozzle holder 600 are precisely aligned and assembled using precision machining references, ensuring concentricity and avoiding airflow turbulence. The stable eddy current airflow effectively prevents arc vibration, making the cutting process smoother and significantly improving cutting accuracy.

[0041] It should also be noted that the eddy current ring 400 and the ceramic insulating component 300 are separate structures. The eddy current ring 400 is positioned between the electrode holder body 220 and the nozzle holder 600, forming a separation structure between them. In addition, together with the ceramic insulating component 300, it can maximize the separation between the electrode holder body 220 and the nozzle holder 600, avoiding arcing between them and reducing the chance of burning or damaging them.

[0042] It should also be noted that the axial length of the ceramic insulator 300 is longer than that of the ceramic insulator 300 in the prior art, which allows the ceramic insulator 300, together with the eddy current ring 400, to completely separate the electrode holder body 220 and the nozzle holder 600, reducing the probability of breakdown, avoiding arcing between the electrode holder body 220 and the nozzle holder 600, and reducing the chance of the electrode holder body 220 and the nozzle holder 600 being burned.

[0043] In addition, the eddy ring 400 is pressed between the electrode holder body 220 and the nozzle holder 600. If an abnormality causes damage to the eddy ring 400, the operator can replace the eddy ring 400.

[0044] The eddy current ring 400 can be made of high-temperature resistant insulating engineering plastic, which reduces the breakdown probability of the eddy current ring 400 during operation, and the eddy current ring 400 will not exhibit creepage phenomenon.

[0045] For example, vortex rings can be made of polyimide (PI).

[0046] See Figure 1 , Figure 2 , Figure 3 and Figure 4 As shown, in an optional embodiment, a conductive gas pipe 260 is connected to the electrode seat flange 210, and the conductive gas pipe 260 is connected to the electrode seat gas pipe 230; the conductive gas pipe 260 is electrically connected to the electrode 100 through both the electrode seat flange 210 and the electrode seat body 220.

[0047] Specifically, a conductive air pipe 260 is connected to the electrode seat flange 210, and a protective sleeve 270 is provided outside the conductive air pipe 260. The conductive air pipe 260 can not only provide power to the electrode 100, but also provide cooling air to the electrode seat air pipe 230.

[0048] See Figure 1 , Figure 2 , Figure 3 and Figure 4 As shown, in an optional embodiment, a first exhaust hole 310 is provided on the ceramic insulating component 300 along its axis, and the first exhaust hole 310 is located in the flow channel 820.

[0049] The ceramic insulating component 300 has a second vent 320 along its axis, and the first vent 310 is located inside the second vent 320; the nozzle seat 600 has a third vent 610 that communicates with the outside, and the second vent 320 and the third vent 610 are connected.

[0050] The nozzle seat 600 is fitted with an outer ceramic sleeve 900 on its outer wall. There is a protective channel 910 between the outer ceramic sleeve 900 and the nozzle 500. The second exhaust hole 320 is connected to the protective channel 910 through the third exhaust hole 610.

[0051] Specifically, the cooling gas in the guide channel 820 can pass through the first exhaust hole 310 and the second exhaust hole 320 on the ceramic insulator 300 respectively. The cooling gas passing through the first exhaust hole 310 can encounter the vortex ring 400 between the electrode seat body 220 and the nozzle seat 600, and then pass through the vortex hole 410 on the vortex ring 400. At this time, the cooling gas forms a stable vortex through the vortex hole 410. Then the cooling air in the vortex state enters the blowing channel 830, and smoothly blows the electric arc generated between the electrode 100 and the nozzle 500 towards the opening of the nozzle 500, and smoothly blows it outward to cut the workpiece.

[0052] In addition, after passing through the second exhaust port 320, the cooling gas will be blown between the outer wall of the ceramic insulator 300 and the inner wall of the nozzle seat 600, and then blown from the third exhaust port 610 on the nozzle seat 600 into the protection channel 910 between the outer ceramic sleeve 900 and the nozzle seat 600 and the nozzle 500. The cooling gas will be blown out of the nozzle 500 through the protection channel 910 to form an annular air cylinder to protect the electric arc.

[0053] It should be noted that by opening the first exhaust hole 310 and the second exhaust hole 320 on the ceramic insulating part 300 to form a dual air path, after the electrode 100 is cooled by the heat dissipation groove 223 of the electrode seat body 220, one air path flows through the first exhaust hole 310 through the independent vortex ring 400 to form a stable vortex, blowing the electric arc out between the electrode 100 and the nozzle 500 to achieve workpiece cutting. The other air path is split into the protection channel 910 through the second exhaust hole 320 and the third exhaust hole 610 to form a protective gas.

[0054] See Figure 1 , Figure 2 , Figure 3 and Figure 4 As shown, in an optional embodiment, an arc-guiding wire 620 is connected to the nozzle seat 600, and the arc-guiding wire 620 is electrically connected to the nozzle 500 through the nozzle seat 600.

[0055] Specifically, an arc-guiding wire 620 is connected to the nozzle seat 600. The arc-guiding wire 620 is electrically connected to the nozzle 500 through the nozzle seat 600. A protective sleeve 270 is provided outside the arc-guiding wire 620.

[0056] See Figure 1 , Figure 2 , Figure 3 and Figure 4As shown, this embodiment provides a plasma cutting torch assembly method, including the following steps: welding the electrode holder flange, electrode holder body 220, and electrode holder gas pipe 230 together; then fitting a sealing ring 211 onto the outer wall of the electrode holder flange 210; fitting a ceramic insulator 300 onto the outer side of the electrode holder body 220; applying sealant to the outer wall of the ceramic insulator 300; then fitting a nozzle seat 600 onto the outer side of the ceramic insulator 300; welding a conductive gas pipe 260 to the electrode holder flange; and welding an arc-starting wire 620 to the nozzle seat 600; The electrode holder body 220 and the nozzle holder 600 are concentrically mounted on the injection molding fixture. Then, the connecting sleeve 700 is injection molded onto the electrode holder flange 210, the ceramic insulator 300, and the nozzle holder 600. The outer wall of the electrode holder body 220 and the inner wall of the nozzle holder 600 are precision machined. The eddy ring 400 is pressed into the first mounting seat 201 and the second mounting seat 601. The electrode 100 is threaded onto the outside of the electrode holder body 220, the nozzle 500 is threaded onto the inside of the nozzle holder 600, and the outer ceramic sleeve 900 is threaded onto the outside of the nozzle holder 600.

[0057] Specifically, in the assembly process of the plasma cutting torch provided in this embodiment, the operator first welds the electrode holder flange, electrode holder body 220, and electrode holder gas pipe 230 together. A sealing ring 211 is provided on the outer wall of the electrode holder flange 210. Then, the ceramic insulating component 300 is fitted onto the outside of the electrode holder body 220, and sealant is applied to the outer wall of the ceramic insulating component 300. Then, the nozzle seat 600 is fitted onto the outside of the ceramic insulating component 300. Then, the conductive gas pipe 260 is welded to the electrode holder flange, and the arc-starting wire 620 is welded to the nozzle seat 600. Finally, the electrode holder body 220 and the nozzle seat 600 are concentric. The electrode is mounted on an injection molding fixture, and then a connecting sleeve 700 is injection molded onto the electrode seat flange 210, ceramic insulator 300, and nozzle seat 600 to form a core assembly. Then, the outer wall of the electrode seat body 220 and the inner wall of the nozzle seat 600 are precision machined, and the eddy ring 400 is pressed into the first mounting base 201 and the second mounting base 601 to ensure the concentricity of the electrode seat body 220, the nozzle seat 600, and the eddy ring 400. Then, the electrode 100 is threaded onto the outside of the electrode seat body 220, the nozzle 500 is threaded onto the inside of the nozzle seat 600, and the outer ceramic sleeve 900 is threaded onto the outside of the nozzle seat 600.

[0058] The sealing ring 211 and sealant allow for thermal expansion gaps between the electrode holder body 220 and the nozzle holder 600 and the ceramic insulator 300, accommodating the differences in thermal deformation between metal and ceramic. This completely avoids the problem of the ceramic insulator 300 being easily crushed at high temperatures. In addition, the connecting sleeve 700 is injection molded to fill the gaps between components and fix the internal structure, further improving the structural strength and operational reliability of the cutting torch.

[0059] It should be noted that when the electrode holder body 220 and the nozzle holder 600 are concentrically set on the injection molding fixture to produce the connecting sleeve 700, the outer wall of the electrode holder body 220 and the inner wall of the nozzle holder 600 only need to be basically concentric. Then, in the subsequent finishing process, the outer wall of the electrode holder body 220 and the inner wall of the nozzle holder 600 are finished to make the first mounting seat 201 on the outer wall of the electrode holder body 220 and the second mounting seat 601 on the inner wall of the nozzle holder 600 concentric. Furthermore, the outer wall of the electrode holder body 220 facing the electrode 100 and the inner wall of the nozzle holder 600 facing the nozzle 500 are concentric. With this setting, after the vortex ring 400 is pressed in, the outer wall of the electrode holder body 220, the vortex ring 400, and the inner wall of the nozzle holder 600 are concentric, providing a stable vortex airflow, effectively avoiding arc jitter, making the cutting process smoother, and significantly improving the cutting accuracy.

[0060] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, and are not intended to limit them. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications can still be made to the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments, or equivalent substitutions can be made to some or all of the technical features therein. Such modifications or substitutions do not cause the essence of the corresponding technical solutions to deviate from the scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.

Claims

1. A plasma cutting torch, characterized in that, include: Electrode (100), electrode holder (200), ceramic insulator (300), eddy ring (400), nozzle (500) and nozzle holder (600); The electrode (100) is mounted on the electrode seat (200), the ceramic insulator (300) is sleeved on the electrode seat (200), the nozzle seat (600) is sleeved outside the ceramic insulator (300), and the nozzle (500) is mounted on the nozzle seat (600). The axes of the electrode seat (200) and the nozzle seat (600) coincide. A connecting sleeve (700) is injection molded on the electrode seat (200), the ceramic insulator (300), and the nozzle seat (600). The vortex ring (400) is disposed between the electrode seat (200) and the nozzle seat (600). The vortex ring (400) has a plurality of vortex holes (410). The axis of the vortex holes (410) intersects the radial direction of the vortex ring (400). The outer wall of the electrode seat (200) has a first mounting seat (201) for mounting the inner ring of the vortex ring (400). The inner wall of the nozzle seat (600) has a second mounting seat (601) for mounting the outer ring of the vortex ring (400). An air supply channel (810) is provided inside the electrode holder (200). A guide channel (820) communicating with the air supply channel (810) is provided between the electrode holder (200) and the ceramic insulating component (300). A purge channel (830) is provided between the nozzle (500) and the electrode (100). The vortex hole (410) communicates with the guide channel (820) and the purge channel (830).

2. The plasma cutting torch according to claim 1, characterized in that, The electrode holder (200) includes an electrode holder flange (210), an electrode holder body (220), and an electrode holder air tube (230). One end of the ceramic insulating component (300) is sleeved on the electrode seat flange (210), and a sealing ring (211) is provided on the outer wall of the electrode seat flange (210). The electrode holder air tube (230) is inserted into the electrode holder body (220). One end of both the electrode holder body (220) and the electrode holder air tube (230) is fixedly mounted on the electrode holder flange (210), and the other end of the electrode holder air tube (230) is fixedly inserted into the electrode holder body (220). A first flow passage (240) is provided between the electrode holder body and the electrode holder air tube (230). The electrode holder body (220) has a first flow hole (221) for communicating with the air supply channel (810) at one end away from the electrode holder flange (210), and a second flow hole (222) for communicating with the flow guide channel (820) at the other end.

3. The plasma cutting torch according to claim 2, characterized in that, The electrode (100) is threaded to one end of the electrode holder body (220) away from the electrode holder flange (210); An air guide pipe (250) is provided at one end of the electrode holder body (220) away from the electrode holder flange (210). The end of the air guide pipe (250) away from the electrode holder body (220) extends into the electrode (100). A second flow channel (110) is provided between the air guide pipe (250) and the inner wall of the electrode (100). The second flow channel (110) is connected to the first flow channel (240) through the first flow hole (221).

4. The plasma cutting torch according to claim 2, characterized in that, The inner wall of the electrode holder body (220) is provided with heat dissipation grooves (223) to increase the heat dissipation area.

5. The plasma cutting torch according to claim 2, characterized in that, A conductive gas pipe (260) is connected to the electrode seat flange (210), and the conductive gas pipe (260) is connected to the electrode seat gas pipe (230). The conductive gas tube (260) is electrically connected to the electrode (100) through both the electrode seat flange (210) and the electrode seat body (220).

6. The plasma cutting torch according to claim 1, characterized in that, The ceramic insulating component (300) has a first vent hole (310) along its axis, and the first vent hole (310) is located in the flow channel (820).

7. The plasma cutting torch according to claim 6, characterized in that, The ceramic insulating component (300) has a second vent hole (320) along its axis, and the first vent hole (310) is located inside the second vent hole (320); The nozzle seat (600) is provided with a third exhaust hole (610) that communicates with the outside world, and the second exhaust hole (320) communicates with the third exhaust hole (610).

8. The plasma cutting torch according to claim 7, characterized in that, The nozzle seat (600) is fitted with an outer ceramic sleeve (900) on its outer wall. There is a protective channel (910) between the outer ceramic sleeve (900) and the nozzle (500). The second exhaust hole (320) is connected to the protective channel (910) through the third exhaust hole (610).

9. The plasma cutting torch according to claim 1, characterized in that, An arc-guiding wire (620) is connected to the nozzle seat (600), and the arc-guiding wire (620) is electrically connected to the nozzle (500) through the nozzle seat (600).

10. A method for assembling a plasma cutting torch, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: Weld the electrode seat flange, electrode seat body (220) and electrode seat air pipe (230) together, then put the sealing ring (211) on the outer wall of the electrode seat flange (210), and put the ceramic insulating part (300) on the outside of the electrode seat body (220). Apply sealant to the outer wall of the ceramic insulator (300), then put the nozzle seat (600) on the outside of the ceramic insulator (300), weld the conductive gas tube (260) to the electrode seat flange, and weld the arc-leading wire (620) to the nozzle seat (600). The electrode holder body (220) and the nozzle holder (600) are concentrically set on the injection molding fixture, and then the connecting sleeve (700) is injection molded on the electrode holder flange (210), the ceramic insulator (300) and the nozzle holder (600). The outer wall of the electrode holder body (220) and the inner wall of the nozzle holder (600) are precision machined, and the vortex ring (400) is pressed into the first mounting base (201) and the second mounting base (601); The electrode (100) is threaded onto the outside of the electrode holder body (220), the nozzle (500) is threaded onto the inside of the nozzle holder (600), and the outer ceramic sleeve (900) is threaded onto the outside of the nozzle holder (600).

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