Furnace door lower edge structure adjusting method, electronic device and electric arc furnace
By collecting slag surface images and noise data in the electric arc furnace, the height of foamy slag was predicted and the structure of the lower edge of the furnace door was adjusted. This solved the problem of unstable submerged arc state in electric arc furnace steelmaking, achieved stability of electrode coverage and protection of the furnace structure, and improved steelmaking efficiency and quality.
Patent Information
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Applications(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- BEIJING SHOUGANG CO LTD
- Filing Date
- 2026-04-20
- Publication Date
- 2026-06-16
Smart Images
Figure CN122214567A_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] This application belongs to the field of electric arc furnace technology, and particularly relates to a method for adjusting the lower edge structure of a furnace door, electronic equipment, and an electric arc furnace. Background Technology
[0002] In electric arc furnace steelmaking, submerged arc operation is a key factor affecting energy consumption, production efficiency, and furnace lining life. Ideally, the electric arc is effectively covered by the furnace charge or molten slag, which significantly reduces heat loss to the furnace lining from arc radiation, reduces noise pollution, and improves energy efficiency and steel quality.
[0003] To achieve the ideal submerged arc state, related technologies aim to achieve submerged arc by adjusting the electrode insertion depth in real time. However, this method is easily affected by the distribution of furnace charge, has poor stability, and frequent adjustments exacerbate electrode wear. Related technologies also increase capacity by thinning or expanding the furnace sidewalls, but this often damages the structural strength and lifespan of the furnace body and may weaken the submerged arc effect due to insufficient arc coverage. Summary of the Invention
[0004] This application aims to address at least one of the technical problems existing in the prior art. To this end, this application proposes a method for adjusting the structure of the lower edge of the furnace door, electronic equipment, and an electric arc furnace, which can stably improve the submerged arc effect while avoiding electrode damage and impairing the structural strength of the furnace body.
[0005] In a first aspect, embodiments of this application provide a method for adjusting the lower edge structure of a furnace door. During the current smelting cycle, images of the foamy slag surface and the noise level inside the electric arc furnace are collected, and the current foamy slag height is determined based on the slag surface images and the noise level. Obtain the target process parameters and current slag parameter information corresponding to the target smelting cycle, wherein the target smelting cycle and the current smelting cycle are adjacent smelting cycles; Based on the target process parameters, the current slag parameter information, and the current foam slag height, the expected height range of the foam slag within the target smelting cycle is predicted. Based on the expected height range, a target height for the lower edge of the electric arc furnace door is preset, wherein the target height is the straight-line distance from the lower edge of the electric arc furnace door to the bottom surface of the electric arc furnace chamber; The lower edge structure of the electric arc furnace door is adjusted according to the target height so that the electrodes inside the furnace chamber can remain completely covered by the foamy slag during the target smelting cycle.
[0006] In some implementations, based on the target process parameters, the current slag parameter information, and the current foam slag height, the expected height range of the foam slag within the target smelting cycle is predicted, including: Based on the target process parameters and the current slag parameter information, predict the theoretical stable foam slag height range within the target smelting cycle; The expected height range is calculated based on the theoretically stable foam slag height range and the current foam slag height.
[0007] In some implementations, based on the target process parameters and the current slag parameter information, the theoretically stable foam slag height range within the target smelting cycle is predicted, including: Calculate the effective gas volume flow rate within the target smelting cycle based on the target process parameters; Calculate the foaming index based on the current slag parameters. The theoretical stable foam slag height range is calculated based on the effective gas volume flow rate, the foaming index, and the average cross-sectional area of the furnace pool.
[0008] In some embodiments, the target process parameters include at least the carbon injection rate, oxygen blowing intensity, estimated molten pool temperature, and gas transport efficiency coefficient; based on the target process parameters, the effective gas volumetric flow rate within the target smelting cycle is calculated, including: The volumetric flow rate of the carbon injection gas is calculated based on the carbon injection rate. The volumetric flow rate of the oxygen-blowing gas is calculated based on the oxygen blowing intensity. The effective gas volume flow rate is calculated based on the carbon injection gas volume flow rate, the oxygen blowing gas volume flow rate, the estimated molten pool temperature, and the gas transport efficiency coefficient.
[0009] In some embodiments, the slag parameter information includes at least slag viscosity, slag density, and slag surface tension.
[0010] In some embodiments, the target height of the lower edge of the electric arc furnace door is preset according to the expected height range of the foamed slag, specifically including: The target height of the lower edge of the electric arc furnace door is obtained by adding a preset safety margin to the upper limit of the expected height range.
[0011] In some embodiments, adjusting the lower edge structure of the electric arc furnace door according to the target height specifically includes: Install heightening refractory material along the lower edge of the furnace door frame before adjustment, so that the absolute value of the difference between the current height of the lower edge of the electric arc furnace door after adjustment and the target height is less than or equal to the error threshold.
[0012] In some embodiments, the heightened refractory material is composed of a set of standard refractory plates with different standard thicknesses; the heightened refractory material is detachably connected to the lower edge of the electric arc furnace door.
[0013] In a second aspect, embodiments of this application provide an electronic device, including a memory, a processor, and a computer program stored in the memory and executable on the processor. When the processor executes the program, it implements the steps of the method for adjusting the lower edge structure of the furnace door of the electric arc furnace described in the first aspect.
[0014] Thirdly, embodiments of this application provide an electric arc furnace, including: a furnace body and a furnace door, wherein the lower edge structure of the furnace door can be adjusted according to the target height obtained by the furnace door lower edge structure adjustment method described in the first aspect.
[0015] The furnace door lower edge adjustment method of this application first determines the current foamed slag height based on the slag surface image and the noise level. Then, it acquires the target process parameters and current slag parameters corresponding to the target smelting cycle. Based on the target process parameters, current slag parameters, and current foamed slag height, it predicts the expected height range of the foamed slag within the target smelting cycle. According to the expected height range, it presets the target height of the lower edge of the electric arc furnace door. Finally, it adjusts the furnace door lower edge mechanism according to the target height to ensure that the electrodes inside the furnace are completely covered by the foamed slag within the target smelting cycle. The entire process accurately predicts the expected height range of the foamed slag within the target smelting cycle and adjusts the furnace door lower edge structure accordingly, thereby preventing the foamed slag from overflowing from the furnace within the target smelting cycle. The foamed slag is completely retained within the furnace, ensuring sufficient foamed slag to completely cover the electrodes. This achieves improved submerged arc performance without adjusting the electrodes or the furnace body, avoiding electrode damage and structural integrity issues. Furthermore, because it ensures that the electrode is always covered by foam slag throughout the smelting process, it can steadily improve the submerged arc effect. Attached Figure Description
[0016] The above and / or additional aspects and advantages of this application will become apparent and readily understood from the description of the embodiments taken in conjunction with the following drawings, in which: Figure 1 This is a schematic cross-sectional view of an electric arc furnace provided in one or more embodiments of this application; Figure 2 This is a schematic flowchart of a method for adjusting the lower edge structure of an electric arc furnace door according to one or more embodiments of this application; Figure 3 This is a schematic structural diagram of an electronic device provided in one or more embodiments of this application. Detailed Implementation
[0017] To better understand the technical solutions provided in the embodiments of this specification, the technical solutions of the embodiments of this specification will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments. It should be understood that the embodiments of this specification and the specific features in the embodiments are detailed descriptions of the technical solutions of the embodiments of this specification, rather than limitations on the technical solutions of this specification. In the absence of conflict, the embodiments of this specification and the technical features in the embodiments can be combined with each other.
[0018] In this document, relational terms such as "first" and "second" are used merely to distinguish one entity or operation from another, without necessarily requiring or implying any such actual relationship or order between these entities or operations. Furthermore, the terms "comprising," "including," or any other variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements includes not only those elements but also other elements not expressly listed, or elements inherent to such a process, method, article, or apparatus. Without further limitation, the requirement defined by the phrase "comprising one..." does not exclude the presence of additional identical elements in the process, method, article, or apparatus that includes said element. The term "two or more" includes two or more cases.
[0019] In electric arc furnace steelmaking, submerged arc operation is a key factor affecting energy consumption, production efficiency, and furnace lining life. Ideally, the electric arc is effectively covered by the furnace charge or molten slag, which significantly reduces heat loss to the furnace lining from arc radiation, reduces noise pollution, and improves energy efficiency and steel quality.
[0020] To achieve the ideal submerged arc state, related technologies aim to achieve submerged arc by adjusting the electrode insertion depth in real time. However, this method is easily affected by the distribution of furnace charge, has poor stability, and frequent adjustments exacerbate electrode wear. Related technologies also increase capacity by thinning or expanding the furnace sidewalls, but this often damages the structural strength and lifespan of the furnace body and may weaken the submerged arc effect due to insufficient arc coverage.
[0021] In view of this, embodiments of this application provide a method for adjusting the lower edge structure of a furnace door, an electronic device, and an electric arc furnace, which can stably improve the submerged arc effect while avoiding electrode damage and damage to the structural strength of the furnace body.
[0022] Figure 1 This is a schematic cross-sectional view of an electric arc furnace provided in one or more embodiments of this application. Figure 1 As shown, the electric arc furnace mainly includes: the electric arc furnace body 100 and the furnace door 200. The lower edge structure of the furnace door can be a liftable refractory baffle plate independent of the furnace door 200, or an adjustable lower edge module designed integrally with the furnace door.
[0023] In electric arc furnace steelmaking, carbon monoxide gas generated by the carbon-oxygen reaction forms foamy slag in the molten pool. Good foamy slag (300) can cover the electric arc, stabilize combustion, improve thermal efficiency, protect the furnace lining, and reduce electrode consumption. The height of the lower edge of the furnace door is a key structural parameter affecting the furnace atmosphere, energy utilization, and operational safety. If the lower edge of the furnace door is too low, the foamy slag can easily overflow from the furnace door, failing to effectively cover the electrodes, thus failing to cover the electric arc, stabilize combustion, reduce thermal efficiency, increase electrode consumption, and also fail to protect the furnace lining.
[0024] Figure 2 This is a schematic flowchart of a furnace door lower edge structure adjustment method provided in one or more embodiments of this application. Figure 2 As shown, the method for adjusting the lower edge structure of the furnace door includes the following steps: Step S101: During the current smelting cycle, acquire images of the slag surface of the foamy slag in the electric arc furnace and the noise level in the electric arc furnace, and determine the current height of the foamy slag based on the slag surface images and the noise level.
[0025] A high-resolution industrial camera (such as a CCD (charge-coupled device camera) or CMOS (Complementary Metal Oxide Semiconductor) camera, preferably with infrared filtering to adapt to high-temperature environments) can be installed on the side wall or furnace cover of the electric arc furnace. Its field of view covers the slag surface area within the furnace. The camera is protected by a high-temperature resistant shield (such as a water-cooled or air-cooled jacket) to avoid the effects of high temperatures and dust.
[0026] A noise sensor (such as a sound pressure meter or vibration sensor) can also be installed on the outside of the electric arc furnace shell near the furnace chamber to collect noise signals generated by the electric arc and foamy slag activity inside the furnace. The sensor is connected to a data acquisition system via a signal line. The data acquisition system (such as a PLC (Programmable Logic Controller) or an industrial computer) synchronously collects slag surface images and noise level data at a preset frequency (e.g., once per second) and transmits them to a central processing unit via a network.
[0027] The furnace door lower edge structure adjustment method of this embodiment can be executed by a central processing unit. The central processing unit receives images of the slag surface of foamy slag inside the electric arc furnace and the noise level inside the electric arc furnace from an image acquisition device. Then, image processing algorithms (such as edge detection, threshold segmentation, or machine learning models) are used to analyze the slag surface image. First, the image is preprocessed, including noise reduction, contrast enhancement, and geometric correction, to eliminate the influence of changes in smoke and light inside the furnace. Then, the contour line of the interface between the slag surface and the furnace gas is identified, and the real-time height from the slag surface to the bottom of the furnace is calculated based on camera calibration parameters (such as the conversion coefficient between pixel distance and actual distance), denoted as H. image .
[0028] Then, noise level data is analyzed synchronously to extract feature values such as sound pressure level (dB) or spectral characteristics (such as the proportion of low-frequency energy). A correlation model between noise characteristics and foam slag height is established using historical data calibration (e.g., noise intensity decreases with increasing foam slag height because the foam slag dampens arc noise). The noise-based estimate of foam slag height, H, is then calculated. noise .
[0029] Weighted fusion or Kalman filtering algorithms can be used to convert H... image and H noise Combined, we obtain the current foam slag height H. current The calculation formula is as follows: ; The weighting coefficients (0 ≤ α ≤ 1) were determined through experimental optimization, typically set to 0.7 to prioritize the accuracy of the image data. Ultimately, H... current As a high output of foam slag during the current smelting cycle.
[0030] Step S102: Obtain the target process parameters and current slag parameter information corresponding to the target smelting cycle, wherein the target smelting cycle and the current smelting cycle are adjacent smelting cycles.
[0031] Step S103: Based on the target process parameters, the current slag parameter information, and the current foam slag height, predict the expected height range of the foam slag within the target smelting cycle.
[0032] The dynamic height variation of the foam slag follows a mass balance. This is based on the foam slag formation kinetics and takes into account the current foam slag height (H). current As the initial state of the system, the predicted foam slag height H during the target smelting cycle is... pred The following quasi-steady-state incremental model can be used for calculation.
[0033] The quasi-steady-state incremental model assumes that the formation and disappearance of foam slag reach approximately equilibrium within a smelting stage, and its height tends to a steady-state value H determined by the process conditions.steady The predicted height is a weighted average of the current foam slag height and the steady-state value.
[0034]
[0035] in, The approach coefficient This indicates the degree to which the current foam slag height approaches the theoretical steady-state height. It depends on the duration (t) of the target smelting cycle and the dynamic response time constant of the foam slag. ), can be simplified to For the longer smelting stage, It can take a value close to 1.
[0036] The theoretical steady-state foam slag height is calculated using the following formula:
[0037] in, The slag foaming index is a key physical property parameter characterizing the foaming capacity of slag. Its physical meaning is the height of the foam layer that the slag can maintain under unit gas flow rate and unit area. It comprehensively reflects the ability of slag viscosity, surface tension, density, and other properties to inhibit bubble coalescence and collapse. The effective gas volume flow rate (m³ / s) generated in the molten pool and entering the slag layer is represented by A, which represents the average cross-sectional area (m²) of the molten pool (slag layer) and is the furnace design constant.
[0038] The calculation of effective gas volumetric flow rate specifically includes: carbon-oxygen reaction rate modeling, gas volumetric flow rate calculation, and conversion to gas flow rate under actual operating conditions.
[0039] First, the core reaction of the carbon-oxygen reaction is:
[0040] A simplified equation for the overall carbon-oxygen reaction rate can be established based on the sources of carbon (injected carbon powder, carbon in scrap steel and molten iron) and oxygen (blown oxygen, oxygen in the ore). Given the target smelting cycle parameters, the carbon injection rate can be directly obtained. ) and oxygen blowing intensity ( (Nm³ / s).
[0041] Next, the gas volumetric flow rate is calculated. Specifically, it is assumed that the reaction efficiency of the injected carbon powder is... ηC (Typically 0.7-0.9), then the standard volumetric flow rate of CO gas produced is: (Nm³ / 3) Where 12 is the molar mass of carbon and 22.4 is the molar volume of the gas, the converted unit is Nm³ / 3.
[0042] Some of the blown-in oxygen reacts with carbon to produce CO, while another portion may react with other elements (such as Fe and Si). However, the net effect is the formation of gaseous products (CO and CO2). A comprehensive gas production coefficient can be introduced. βO 2. (Empirical value range approximately 0.8-1.2), then: * .
[0043] Formula for calculating total standard gas flow rate: .
[0044] Converted to actual operating conditions: Considering the high temperature (T, unit K) inside the furnace and the gas volume expansion, the actual gas volume flow rate entering the slag layer is: ; Where T is the estimated molten pool temperature during the target smelting period (e.g., 1873K). The transport efficiency coefficient of gas passing through the molten metal into the slag layer (<1.0, empirical value).
[0045] Foaming Index It is a function of the physical properties of the slag itself, mainly depending on the current slag parameter information. Numerous studies have shown that the empirical relationship between the foaming index and slag properties can be approximated as: ; in, The viscosity of the slag is expressed in Pa*s. The density of the slag is (kg / m³). The surface tension of the slag is (N / m).
[0046] A commonly used empirical formula is as follows: ; Wherein, K is an empirical constant that is positively correlated with the concentration of suspended solid particles (such as MgO particles and CaO particles) in the slag. The more suspended particles there are, the higher the value of K becomes, because the particles can hinder the coalescence of bubbles.
[0047] Slag viscosity and density The calculation can be performed based on the current chemical composition of the slag (content of CaO, SiO2, MgO, FeO, Al2O3, etc.) and temperature, using mature slag property calculation models (such as the slag module in Factsage (thermodynamics) software or the classic Urbain model (an effective model for predicting molten slag viscosity)) or by looking up the values in a known phase diagram.
[0048] Slag surface tension can be determined based on empirical correlations of slag chemical composition. Make an estimate: The additive property can be applied, which states that the surface tension of the slag is approximately equal to the weighted sum of the contributions of each oxide component: ; in, It is the mole fraction of oxide component i in the liquid phase slag. It is the surface tension value of pure oxide i or its unit system at the target temperature, and is called the surface tension factor of the oxide.
[0049] First, the current chemical composition of the slag is obtained. Then, online laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy (LIBS) or rapid XRF analysis is used to determine the mass percentage (wt%) of the main oxides (CaO, SiO2, FeO, MgO, Al2O3, MnO, P2O5, etc.) in the slag. Among these, FeO content (total iron) and temperature are the influencing factors. The two most sensitive variables.
[0050] Then, divide the mass percentage of each component by its molar mass to obtain the mole number. Sum the mole numbers of all oxides to obtain the total mole number. Divide the mole number of each component by the total mole number to obtain the mole fraction of that component. .
[0051] The surface tension factor is a function of temperature and is usually determined experimentally and compiled into tables. Therefore, the surface tension factor for different components can be obtained by looking up the table. For example, for the steelmaking temperature range (1500-1700°C), the surface tension factor of FeO is typically 585 mN / m. Then, the surface tension factor is corrected based on the furnace temperature to obtain the final surface tension factor. .
[0052] The constant K can be selected within a typical range (e.g., 0.01-0.03) based on empirical judgment of the current slag condition (e.g., whether the slag is "active and has many particles") or by benchmarking against historical data.
[0053] Because multiple parameters in the formula have uncertainties, sensitivity analysis or Monte Carlo simulation can be performed. To simplify the operation, a reasonable upper and lower limit can be set for each key parameter (e.g.: ηC (Take values from 0.75 to 0.85, and K from 0.015 to 0.025), and calculate the corresponding values respectively. and Therefore, the expected height range of foam slag within the target smelting cycle based on physical formulas is obtained. .
[0054] It should be noted that during the target smelting cycle, the increasing volume of molten steel will affect the overall height of the foamy slag. However, due to the large volume and depth of the electric arc furnace, the change in molten steel level is relatively small. Therefore, this application does not consider changes in molten steel level, assuming that the molten steel level remains unchanged during the target smelting cycle.
[0055] Step S104: Based on the expected height range, preset the target height of the lower edge of the electric arc furnace door, wherein the target height is the straight-line distance from the lower edge of the electric arc furnace door to the bottom surface of the electric arc furnace chamber.
[0056] The target height of the lower edge of the electric arc furnace door is preset according to the expected height range of the foam slag, specifically including: The target height of the lower edge of the electric arc furnace door is obtained by adding a preset safety margin to the upper limit of the expected height range.
[0057] The expected height range of foam slag within the target smelting cycle is predicted. Then, the target height of the lower edge of the electric arc furnace door can be preset based on this range. The above implementation method prioritizes production safety and process stability, therefore a conservative strategy is adopted to set the furnace door height.
[0058] Target height of the lower edge of the furnace door Defined as the vertical distance from the lowest point of the furnace door's lower edge structure to the bottom surface of the furnace chamber. The fundamental purpose of this setting is to ensure that, regardless of fluctuations throughout the target smelting cycle, the actual foam slag height remains above the lower edge of the furnace door, thereby ensuring complete and continuous coverage of the electrodes within the furnace chamber. Therefore, the setting logic must be based on the upper limit of the expected height range. conduct. This represents the maximum height that the foam slag is likely to reach within the target cycle, as predicted by the forecasting model. Designing based on this upper limit is intended to address the most unfavorable operating conditions and provide a safety margin for the production process.
[0059] Target height The calculation formula is as follows: ; in, This is a preset safety margin. The preset safety margin is not a fixed constant, but a dynamic value that comprehensively considers equipment characteristics, process fluctuations, and the inherent uncertainties of the forecast. It mainly consists of two parts: a basic safety margin and a compensation amount for forecast uncertainty.
[0060] The basic safety height ensures that a minimum absolute gap is always maintained between the foamed slag surface and the lower edge of the furnace door, preventing the slag surface from touching or falling below the furnace door due to instantaneous fluctuations, which could lead to electrode exposure, heat loss, or slag overflow risks. The basic safety height primarily depends on the electrode diameter and process experience. Generally, the depth to which the foamed slag covers the electrode is required to be no less than 1-1.5 times the electrode diameter.
[0061] The uncertainty compensation amount can compensate for the errors inherent in the foam slag height prediction model itself. The uncertainty compensation amount can be determined based on the prediction accuracy. For example, when the prediction accuracy is high, a lower value can be set for the uncertainty compensation amount; when the prediction accuracy is low, a higher value can be set.
[0062] Step S105: Adjust the lower edge structure of the furnace door of the electric arc furnace according to the target height so that the electrodes inside the furnace chamber of the electric arc furnace can remain completely covered by the foam slag during the target smelting cycle.
[0063] The target height of the lower edge of the furnace door was preset according to the expected height range. Subsequently, the system needs to automatically perform physical adjustments to the lower edge structure of the furnace door to ensure that the electrodes are continuously and completely covered by foamed slag throughout the target smelting cycle. This step involves the coordinated operation of mechanical, control, and safety systems.
[0064] An adjustable furnace door lower edge structure can be adopted, which may include a drive mechanism, a lifting frame, a position detection unit, and a control unit.
[0065] The drive mechanism can use a hydraulic cylinder or a high-torque servo electric actuator as the power source. The selection must meet the requirements of sufficient thrust and stroke to overcome the weight of the furnace door refractory material and the possibility of slight slag adhesion. Hydraulic systems offer fast response and high thrust; electric systems offer high control precision and are easy to maintain.
[0066] The refractory lining plate (usually a water-cooled plate inlaid with refractory bricks) along the lower edge of the furnace door is fixed to the lifting frame (rigid metal frame). The lifting frame engages with the vertical guide rails on the furnace door body via sturdy guide wheels or sliders, ensuring smooth movement only in the vertical direction.
[0067] The position detection unit is a high-precision absolute encoder or magnetostrictive linear displacement sensor mounted on the drive mechanism or lifting frame, used to measure the actual height of the lower edge of the furnace door from the bottom surface of the furnace chamber in real time (e.g., 10 times per second). And the signal is fed back to the control system.
[0068] An independent furnace door PLC controller or a substation of the main furnace control system. It receives data from the central optimization system (calculation). The system receives instructions from the controller and drives the actuator to form a closed-loop position control.
[0069] Specific control procedures may include: Central optimization system completed After calculation, the data packet containing the target height value, adjustment permission signal and the ID (number) of this smelting cycle is sent to the furnace door PLC controller via industrial Ethernet or real-time bus.
[0070] Once the furnace door is confirmed to be fully closed and locked, and the system confirms the end of the current smelting cycle, the furnace door PLC initiates the automatic adjustment program. It reads the current position sensor value. , calculation and Deviation between .
[0071] If deviation If the deviation is less than or equal to the deviation threshold, it is considered to be in position, and no movement is executed. If the deviation... If the deviation exceeds the threshold, the drive mechanism will be controlled to raise the lower edge of the furnace door. Additionally, if the deviation... If the negative value is less than the deviation threshold, the control drive mechanism will lower the lower edge of the furnace door.
[0072] Through the detailed hardware configuration, rigorous control process, and multi-level safety verification described above, this invention ensures the accuracy, reliability, and safety of the adjustment action of the furnace door lower edge structure, thereby effectively transforming the dynamic prediction result of the foam slag height into a physical reality that ensures electrode submerged arc and optimizes the smelting process.
[0073] In some embodiments, as a supplement to or alternative to the aforementioned automatic lifting and adjusting method, the present invention also provides a method for adjusting the lower edge structure of a furnace door based on modular refractory components. This method is particularly suitable for furnace door lower edge structures that lack online mechanical lifting functionality, or as a backup adjustment method for periodic maintenance, post-overhaul calibration, and mechanical system failures. Its core principle is to achieve precise adjustment of the effective height of the furnace door lower edge by physically replacing standardized refractory plates of different thicknesses.
[0074] Standard refractory plates can be made of high-performance refractory materials, such as aluminosilicate carbon bricks (Al2O3-SiC-C bricks), magnesia-carbon bricks (MgO-C bricks), or high-quality high-alumina refractory castable precast components. They must possess excellent resistance to high-temperature slag erosion, thermal shock resistance, and sufficient high-temperature strength. They are typically a set of rectangular plates with different standard thicknesses. The thickness series is usually designed in an arithmetic progression, for example: 10 mm, 20 mm, 50 mm, 100 mm. The length and width of each thickness of refractory plate are strictly matched to the installation area dimensions along the lower edge of the furnace door frame to ensure a flat and seamless installation. Each refractory plate is pre-embedded with high-strength alloy anchors (such as "Y" or "V" type anchor hooks) for connection to the furnace door steel structure. Interlocking grooves can be designed between the plates to enhance overall stability.
[0075] Additionally, anchor seats or slot arrays matching the refractory plate anchors are pre-welded along the lower edge of the furnace door steel structure. During installation, the anchors on the back of the refractory plate can be aligned and hooked or snapped into the anchor seats of the steel structure. Wedge locking or modular locking clips are typically used for auxiliary fixation to ensure that the plates do not fall off under the vibration of the furnace door opening and closing and the impact of airflow inside the furnace. This connection method allows for quick assembly and disassembly without complex tools. In this embodiment, a laser rangefinder can be used to measure the distance from the lower edge of the furnace door to the bottom surface of the furnace chamber before and after installation.
[0076] Figure 3 This is a schematic block diagram illustrating the system configuration of an electronic device 1000 according to an embodiment of this application. Figure 3 As shown, the electronic device may include a central processing unit 1100 and a memory 1200. The memory 1200 is coupled to the central processing unit 1100. It is worth noting that... Figure 3 This is an example; other types of structures can also be used to supplement or replace this structure to achieve telecommunications functions or other functions. A computer program that can run on the processor 1100 is stored in the memory. When the processor 1100 executes the program, it can implement the steps of the method for adjusting the lower edge structure of the furnace door of the electric arc furnace as described in the above embodiment.
[0077] It should be noted that the descriptions of each embodiment in the above embodiments have different focuses. For parts that are not described in detail in a certain embodiment, please refer to the relevant descriptions in other embodiments.
[0078] The above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of this application, and are not intended to limit them. Although this application has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications can still be made to the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments, or equivalent substitutions can be made to some of the technical features. Such modifications or substitutions do not cause the essence of the corresponding technical solutions to deviate from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of this application.
[0079] Although preferred embodiments have been described in this specification, those skilled in the art, upon learning the basic inventive concept, can make other changes and modifications to these embodiments. Therefore, the appended claims are intended to be interpreted as including the preferred embodiments as well as all changes and modifications falling within the scope of this specification.
[0080] Obviously, those skilled in the art can make various modifications and variations to this specification without departing from its spirit and scope. Therefore, if such modifications and variations fall within the scope of the claims and their equivalents, this specification is also intended to include such modifications and variations.
Claims
1. A method for adjusting the lower edge structure of a furnace door, characterized in that, include: During the current smelting cycle, images of the slag surface of foamy slag inside the electric arc furnace and the noise level inside the electric arc furnace are collected, and the current height of the foamy slag is determined based on the slag surface images and the noise level. Obtain the target process parameters and current slag parameter information corresponding to the target smelting cycle, wherein the target smelting cycle and the current smelting cycle are adjacent smelting cycles; Based on the target process parameters, the current slag parameter information, and the current foam slag height, the expected height range of the foam slag within the target smelting cycle is predicted. Based on the expected height range, a target height for the lower edge of the electric arc furnace door is preset, wherein the target height is the straight-line distance from the lower edge of the electric arc furnace door to the bottom surface of the electric arc furnace chamber; The lower edge structure of the electric arc furnace door is adjusted according to the target height so that the electrodes inside the furnace chamber can remain completely covered by the foamy slag during the target smelting cycle.
2. The method for adjusting the lower edge structure of the furnace door of an electric arc furnace according to claim 1, characterized in that, Based on the target process parameters, the current slag parameter information, and the current foam slag height, the expected height range of the foam slag within the target smelting cycle is predicted, including: Based on the target process parameters and the current slag parameter information, predict the theoretical stable foam slag height range within the target smelting cycle; The expected height range is calculated based on the theoretically stable foam slag height range and the current foam slag height.
3. The method for adjusting the lower edge structure of the furnace door of an electric arc furnace according to claim 1, characterized in that, Based on the target process parameters and the current slag parameter information, the theoretically stable foam slag height range within the target smelting cycle is predicted, including: Calculate the effective gas volume flow rate within the target smelting cycle based on the target process parameters; Calculate the foaming index based on the current slag parameters. The theoretical stable foam slag height range is calculated based on the effective gas volume flow rate, the foaming index, and the average cross-sectional area of the furnace pool.
4. The method for adjusting the lower edge structure of the furnace door of an electric arc furnace according to claim 3, characterized in that, The target process parameters include at least the carbon injection rate, oxygen blowing intensity, estimated molten pool temperature, and gas transport efficiency coefficient. Based on the target process parameters, calculate the effective gas volume flow rate within the target smelting cycle, including: The volumetric flow rate of the carbon injection gas is calculated based on the carbon injection rate. The volumetric flow rate of the oxygen-blowing gas is calculated based on the oxygen blowing intensity. The effective gas volume flow rate is calculated based on the carbon injection gas volume flow rate, the oxygen blowing gas volume flow rate, the estimated molten pool temperature, and the gas transport efficiency coefficient.
5. The method for adjusting the lower edge structure of the furnace door of an electric arc furnace according to claim 3, characterized in that, The slag parameter information includes at least slag viscosity, slag density, and slag surface tension.
6. The method for adjusting the lower edge structure of the furnace door of an electric arc furnace according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that, The target height of the lower edge of the electric arc furnace door is preset according to the expected height range of the foam slag, specifically including: The target height of the lower edge of the electric arc furnace door is obtained by adding a preset safety margin to the upper limit of the expected height range.
7. The method for adjusting the lower edge structure of the furnace door of an electric arc furnace according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that, Adjusting the lower edge structure of the electric arc furnace door according to the target height specifically includes: Install heightening refractory material along the lower edge of the furnace door frame before adjustment, so that the absolute value of the difference between the current height of the lower edge of the electric arc furnace door after adjustment and the target height is less than or equal to the error threshold.
8. The method for adjusting the lower edge structure of the furnace door of an electric arc furnace according to claim 7, characterized in that, The heightened refractory material is composed of a set of standard refractory plates with different standard thicknesses; the heightened refractory material is detachably connected to the lower edge of the electric arc furnace door.
9. An electronic device comprising a memory, a processor, and a computer program stored in the memory and executable on the processor, characterized in that, When the processor executes the program, it implements the steps of the method for adjusting the lower edge structure of the furnace door of the electric arc furnace as described in any one of claims 1 to 6.
10. An electric arc furnace, characterized in that, include: The furnace body and furnace door, wherein the lower edge structure of the electric arc furnace door can be adjusted to the target height obtained by the furnace door lower edge structure adjustment method according to any one of claims 1 to 8.