A multi-parameter cooperative control system for hydrogen production by electrolysis of water

Abstract

The present application relates to the technical field of hydrogen production by water electrolysis, and particularly relates to a multi-parameter cooperative control system for hydrogen production by water electrolysis. The collecting module obtains the electrode region image in the electrolytic cell, the electrolysis process audio signal, the electrolytic cell temperature and the electrolytic cell current density. The state determination module extracts the electrode bubble parameter according to the electrode region image in the electrolytic cell, constructs the time domain graph according to the electrode bubble parameter, obtains the electrode bubble parameter curve, and divides the start-stop state according to the fitting value of the electrode bubble parameter curve and the standard curve combined with the audio signal. The regulation unit executes the regulation strategy according to the start-stop state, divides the electrolytic cell into a plurality of sub-regions, obtains the temperature and the current density of each sub-region, calculates the temperature difference and the current density difference, adjusts the working parameter change rate, and the early warning unit identifies whether there is abnormal data and sends an alarm signal. The present application can improve the reliability and hydrogen production efficiency of the system.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of water electrolysis for hydrogen production technology, and in particular to a multi-parameter coordinated control system for water electrolysis for hydrogen production. Background Technology

[0002] Electrolysis of water to produce hydrogen is a clean hydrogen production technology that decomposes water molecules into hydrogen and oxygen based on an electrochemical reaction. It has significant advantages such as wide availability of raw materials, high purity of hydrogen produced, and zero carbon emissions. It is an important supporting technology for achieving the "dual carbon" goal and promoting the development of the new energy industry, and has broad application prospects in many fields such as new energy storage, fuel cells, and chemical raw material preparation.

[0003] In the prior art, Chinese Patent Publication No. CN119372714A discloses a control method and a water electrolysis hydrogen production system for ensuring operational stability. This relates to the field of water electrolysis hydrogen production. The control method includes: collecting output parameters from a green energy supply device; determining whether the green energy supply device meets the operational needs of the water electrolysis hydrogen production system based on these parameters; when it is determined that the green energy supply device cannot meet the operational needs, switching the power supply from the green energy supply device to the external power grid; and during the switch, adjusting the gas parameters in the hydrogen and oxygen outlet pipelines based on the output parameters of the green energy supply device to correct the electrolysis efficiency of the electrolyzer. This technical solution ensures the stable operation of the water electrolysis hydrogen production system.

[0004] However, existing technologies do not identify and adjust the electrolysis status during the start-up and shutdown phases, which can easily lead to misjudgment of the status and untimely control, resulting in low efficiency of hydrogen production through water electrolysis. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of this invention is to provide a multi-parameter collaborative control system for hydrogen production through water electrolysis, which can identify and adjust the electrolysis status during the start-up and shutdown phases to improve the efficiency of hydrogen production through water electrolysis.

[0006] This invention provides a multi-parameter coordinated control system for hydrogen production via water electrolysis, comprising: The acquisition module includes an image acquisition unit for acquiring images of the electrode region inside the electrolytic cell, an audio acquisition unit for acquiring audio signals of the electrolysis process, a temperature acquisition unit for acquiring the temperature of the electrolytic cell, and a current density acquisition unit for acquiring the current density of the electrolytic cell. The state determination module is used to extract electrode bubble parameters based on the image of the electrode area in the electrolytic cell. The electrode bubble parameters include the number of bubbles, bubble uniformity, and bubble size. A time-domain graph is constructed based on the electrode bubble parameters to obtain the electrode bubble parameter curve. The start-up and stop states are determined by combining the fitting value of the electrode bubble parameter curve and the standard curve with the audio signal. The coordinated control module includes a control unit and an early warning unit. The control unit is used to execute control strategies based on the start / stop status. The electrolytic cell is divided into several sub-regions, and the temperature and current density of each sub-region are obtained. The temperature difference and current density difference between the regions are calculated. The rate of change of the operating parameters is adjusted according to the temperature difference and current density difference between the regions. The rate of change of the operating parameters includes the rate of change of the heat exchanger operating power and the rate of change of the circulating pump operating power. The early warning unit is used to identify whether there is abnormal data and to issue an alarm signal.

[0007] Furthermore, the state determination module is used to extract electrode bubble parameters based on the image of the electrode region within the electrolytic cell, including: The number of bubbles was obtained by marking each bubble in the electrode area image of the electrolytic cell using image analysis software. The image of the electrode area in the electrolytic cell was divided into several sub-regions using image analysis software. The number of bubbles in each sub-region was counted, and the standard deviation of the number of bubbles in each sub-region was calculated as the bubble uniformity. The outline of each marked bubble is extracted using image analysis software, the diameter of each bubble is calculated, and the average diameter of all bubbles is calculated as the bubble size.

[0008] Furthermore, the state determination module constructs a time-domain graph based on the electrode bubble parameters to obtain the electrode bubble parameter curve. With the acquisition time as the horizontal axis and the number of bubbles, bubble uniformity, and bubble size as the vertical axes, time-domain plots of bubble number, bubble uniformity, and bubble size are constructed respectively. A linear fitting algorithm was used to fit and generate the corresponding time-domain curves for bubble quantity, bubble uniformity, and bubble size, respectively. The electrode bubble parameter curves include the bubble number time-domain curve, the bubble uniformity time-domain curve, and the bubble size time-domain curve.

[0009] Furthermore, the state determination module obtains the fitting value between the electrode bubble parameter curve and the standard curve. The time-domain curves for bubble quantity, bubble uniformity, and bubble size were fitted to their respective standard curves. Obtain the time-domain curve fitting values ​​for bubble quantity, bubble uniformity, and bubble size; The electrode bubble parameter curve fitting value is obtained by weighted summing of the time-domain curve fitting values ​​of bubble quantity, bubble uniformity, and bubble size.

[0010] Furthermore, the status determination module classifies start-stop states. If the preset conditions are met, it is classified as a start-stop stable state; If the preset conditions are not met, it is classified as an unstable start-stop state; The preset conditions are that the electrode bubble parameter curve fitting value is greater than the preset fitting value threshold, and the audio signal frequency belongs to the preset frequency range.

[0011] Furthermore, the control unit is used to execute a control strategy during start-up and shutdown in unstable states, including dividing the electrolytic cell into several sub-regions, obtaining the temperature and current density of each sub-region, calculating the temperature difference and current density difference between the regions, and adjusting the rate of change of operating parameters based on the temperature difference and current density difference between the regions. The rate of change of operating parameters includes the rate of change of heat exchanger operating power and the rate of change of circulating pump operating power.

[0012] Furthermore, the control unit divides the electrolytic cell into several sub-regions, wherein each sub-region is of equal size.

[0013] Furthermore, the control unit is used to calculate the regional temperature difference and the regional current density difference. Obtain the temperature and current density of each sub-region; Extract the maximum and minimum sub-region temperature values; The difference between the largest and smallest sub-region temperature values ​​is calculated as the region temperature difference. Extract the maximum and minimum sub-region current densities. The difference between the largest and smallest sub-region current density is calculated as the region current density difference.

[0014] Furthermore, the control unit adjusts the rate of change of operating parameters based on the regional temperature difference and the regional current density difference, wherein the regional temperature difference and the rate of change of operating parameters are negatively correlated, and the regional current density difference and the rate of change of operating parameters are negatively correlated.

[0015] Furthermore, the early warning unit is used to identify whether abnormal data exists. If a sub-region temperature is higher than the preset region temperature, the sub-region temperature is identified as abnormal data.

[0016] Compared with existing technologies, this invention acquires images of the electrode region within the electrolyzer, audio signals of the electrolysis process, electrolyzer temperature, and electrolyzer current density through an acquisition module. A state determination module extracts electrode bubble parameters from the electrode region images, constructs a time-domain graph based on these parameters, obtains the electrode bubble parameter curve, and classifies the start-up and shutdown states based on the fitting values ​​of the electrode bubble parameter curve and the standard curve, combined with the audio signal. A control unit executes a control strategy based on the start-up and shutdown states, dividing the electrolyzer into several sub-regions, acquiring the temperature and current density of each sub-region, calculating the temperature and current density differences between regions, adjusting the rate of change of operating parameters, and an early warning unit identifies the presence of abnormal data and issues an alarm signal. This invention can improve the reliability of system operation and hydrogen production efficiency.

[0017] In particular, this invention extracts electrode bubble parameters from the electrode area image within the electrolyzer using a state determination module. These parameters characterize the stability of the electrolysis reaction and the electrode's working state during the start-up and shutdown phases of hydrogen production via water electrolysis. The number of bubbles directly indicates the intensity of the electrolysis reaction; an excessive number of bubbles suggests an overly vigorous reaction, potentially leading to excessively high local current density and electrode overheating. Conversely, a insufficient number of bubbles indicates a weak reaction, potentially resulting in insufficient electrode activity or abnormal electrolyte concentration. Bubble uniformity characterizes the uniformity of the reaction on the electrode surface. Uneven bubble distribution and a large standard deviation indicate significant differences in reaction rates across different areas of the electrode surface, easily leading to localized overheating and uneven electrode wear, thus affecting the electrolyzer's lifespan. Bubble size characterizes the ease with which bubbles detach from the electrode surface and the electrolyte flow state. Overly large bubbles tend to aggregate, affecting electrolyte circulation; overly small bubbles may fail to detach from the electrode surface in time, hindering subsequent reactions and impacting hydrogen production efficiency. By acquiring these electrode bubble parameters, potential anomalies during the electrolysis reaction can be detected promptly, providing reliable data support for the state determination module to classify start-up and shutdown states.

[0018] In particular, this invention uses a state determination module to classify start-up and shutdown states based on the fitted values ​​of the electrode bubble parameter curve and the standard curve, combined with audio signals. By obtaining the fitted values ​​of the electrode bubble parameter curve and the standard curve, the change trend of the electrode bubble parameters over time and the degree of fit with the optimal operating conditions can be characterized. The closer the fitted value is to 1, the closer the electrode bubble parameters are to the optimal standard, and the more stable the electrolysis reaction. The lower the fitted value, the greater the fluctuation of the bubble parameters, and the potential instability of the electrolysis reaction. The audio signal can reflect the overall operating status of the electrolysis process in real time. A normal audio signal corresponds to a stable electrolysis reaction without abnormal noises, while an audio signal frequency exceeding the preset range can reflect problems such as abnormal electrode reaction, bubble aggregation and bursting. By combining the fitted value with the audio signal to classify the start-up and shutdown states, a dual verification of the start-up and shutdown states can be achieved. This can accurately identify potential problems where the bubble parameters meet the standard but the audio is abnormal, and can also avoid unstable situations where the audio is normal but the bubble parameters fluctuate too much. This provides accurate state basis for the collaborative control module, improving the reliability of system operation and hydrogen production efficiency.

[0019] In particular, this invention adjusts the rate of change of operating parameters based on the regional temperature difference and regional current density difference through a control unit. The regional temperature difference characterizes the uniformity of temperature distribution in each sub-region of the electrolyzer, and the regional current density difference characterizes the uniformity of current distribution in each sub-region of the electrolyzer. Together, they reflect the overall operational stability of the electrolyzer during start-up and shutdown. In actual operation, if the regional temperature difference is large, it can lead to local overheating and local undercooling of the electrolyzer. Overheated areas are prone to catalyst activity decay and electrode corrosion, while undercooled areas will reduce the electrolysis reaction rate, affect hydrogen production efficiency, and may also cause uneven electrolyte flow, further aggravating parameter fluctuations. If the regional current density difference is large, it will lead to differences in reaction rates on the electrode surfaces. Significant differences in current density can lead to imbalances. Regions with excessively high current density generate significant Joule heat, exacerbating localized overheating, while regions with excessively low current density exhibit weak reactions, resulting in low electrode utilization, uneven hydrogen production, and, over time, uneven electrode wear, shortening the electrolyzer's lifespan. By adjusting the rate of change of operating parameters based on regional temperature and current density differences, targeted control can be achieved. The adjustment range can be dynamically adapted to the degree of parameter fluctuation, effectively curbing potential problems such as localized overheating and reaction imbalances. This ensures that the parameters of each sub-region of the electrolyzer tend to be balanced, guaranteeing stable and efficient electrolysis. Simultaneously, it extends the lifespan of electrodes and the electrolyzer, reduces system operating energy consumption and maintenance costs, and improves the control accuracy and reliability of the entire collaborative control system. Attached Figure Description

[0020] Figure 1 This is a structural diagram of the multi-parameter coordinated control system for hydrogen production via water electrolysis, according to an embodiment of the present invention. Figure 2 This is a logic diagram of the state determination module and the collaborative control module in an embodiment of the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0021] To make the objectives and advantages of the present invention clearer, the present invention will be further described below with reference to embodiments; it should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely for explaining the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention.

[0022] Preferred embodiments of the present invention will now be described with reference to the accompanying drawings. Those skilled in the art should understand that these embodiments are merely illustrative of the technical principles of the present invention and are not intended to limit the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0023] It should be noted that in the description of this invention, the terms "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "inner", "outer", etc., which indicate directions or positional relationships, are based on the directions or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings. This is only for the convenience of description and is not intended to indicate or imply that the device or element must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, it should not be construed as a limitation of this invention.

[0024] Furthermore, it should be noted that, in the description of this invention, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "installation," "connection," and "linking" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; they can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; and they can refer to the internal connection of two components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this invention according to the specific circumstances.

[0025] like Figure 1 , Figure 2 As shown, this embodiment provides a multi-parameter coordinated control system for hydrogen production via water electrolysis. This multi-parameter coordinated control system includes: The acquisition module includes an image acquisition unit for acquiring images of the electrode region inside the electrolytic cell, an audio acquisition unit for acquiring audio signals of the electrolysis process, a temperature acquisition unit for acquiring the temperature of the electrolytic cell, and a current density acquisition unit for acquiring the current density of the electrolytic cell.

[0026] In this embodiment, the image acquisition unit uses a high-definition industrial camera, installed through the observation window reserved in the electrolytic cell, with the lens focusing on the electrode surface inside the electrolytic cell to acquire images of the electrode area in real time; the audio acquisition unit uses a high-sensitivity microphone sensor, fixedly installed in the middle of the outer wall of the electrolytic cell, to acquire audio signals during the electrolysis process in real time; the temperature acquisition unit uses a temperature sensor, evenly distributed on the inner wall of the electrolytic cell; and the current density acquisition unit uses a Hall current density sensor, set according to the electrode zones, to acquire the current density of each sub-region in real time.

[0027] The state determination module is used to extract electrode bubble parameters based on the image of the electrode area in the electrolytic cell. The electrode bubble parameters include the number of bubbles, bubble uniformity, and bubble size. A time-domain graph is constructed based on the electrode bubble parameters to obtain the electrode bubble parameter curve. The start-up and stop states are determined by combining the fitting value of the electrode bubble parameter curve and the standard curve with the audio signal.

[0028] In this embodiment, the image analysis software is OpenCV.

[0029] In this embodiment, the bubble count is extracted as follows: The image analysis software first preprocesses the received image of the electrode area inside the electrolytic cell to remove interference from electrolyte reflection and impurities on the electrode surface. Then, a connected component marking algorithm is used to characterize and mark each bubble in the image one by one. The total number of marked connected components is the bubble count. Bubble uniformity is extracted as follows: The image analysis software divides the preprocessed image of the electrode area inside the electrolytic cell into several sub-regions, counts the number of bubbles in each sub-region, and calculates the standard deviation of the bubble count in each sub-region using the standard deviation formula. This standard deviation is the bubble uniformity; the smaller the standard deviation, the more uniformly the bubbles are distributed on the electrode surface. Bubble size is extracted as follows: The image analysis software extracts the contour of each marked bubble, calculates the diameter of each bubble using the least circumscribed circle method, and then calculates the arithmetic mean of all bubble diameters. This average is the bubble size.

[0030] Specifically, this invention extracts electrode bubble parameters from the electrode area image within the electrolyzer using a state determination module. These parameters characterize the stability of the electrolysis reaction and the electrode's working state during the start-up and shutdown phases of hydrogen production via water electrolysis. The number of bubbles directly indicates the intensity of the electrolysis reaction; an excessive number of bubbles suggests an overly vigorous reaction, potentially leading to excessively high local current density and electrode overheating. Conversely, a insufficient number of bubbles indicates a weak reaction, potentially resulting in insufficient electrode activity or abnormal electrolyte concentration. Bubble uniformity characterizes the uniformity of the reaction on the electrode surface. Uneven bubble distribution and a large standard deviation indicate significant differences in reaction rates across different areas of the electrode surface, easily leading to localized overheating and uneven electrode wear, thus affecting the electrolyzer's lifespan. Bubble size characterizes the ease with which bubbles detach from the electrode surface and the electrolyte flow state. Overly large bubbles can lead to bubble aggregation and affect electrolyte circulation, while underly small bubbles may fail to detach from the electrode surface in time, hindering subsequent reactions and impacting hydrogen production efficiency. By acquiring these electrode bubble parameters, potential anomalies during the electrolysis reaction can be detected promptly, providing reliable data support for the state determination module to classify start-up and shutdown states.

[0031] The state determination module constructs time-domain plots and generates electrode bubble parameter curves based on the extracted electrode bubble parameters. The time-domain plot construction involves using the acquisition time as the horizontal axis and bubble number, bubble uniformity, and bubble size as the vertical axes, respectively, to construct time-domain plots for bubble number, bubble uniformity, and bubble size using MATLAB plotting tools. The acquisition time interval is 0.1 seconds, and the duration of a single time-domain plot construction is 10 minutes, updated in real time. Electrode bubble parameter curve generation employs a linear fitting algorithm to fit the data points in the three time-domain plots, generating corresponding time-domain curves for bubble number, bubble uniformity, and bubble size.

[0032] The state determination module obtains the fitted values ​​of the electrode bubble parameter curve and the standard curve. The specific calculation process is as follows: In this embodiment, the preset standard curves are obtained based on the historical best operating condition data of the ALK alkaline water electrolysis hydrogen production start-up and shutdown phases. Three preset standard curves are used: bubble number standard curve, bubble uniformity standard curve, and bubble size standard curve.

[0033] The time-domain curves for bubble quantity, bubble uniformity, and bubble size are fitted to their respective preset standard curves. The correlation coefficient method is used to calculate the fitted value of each curve, resulting in the fitted values ​​for the time-domain curves for bubble quantity, bubble uniformity, and bubble size.

[0034] In this embodiment, the weight of the time-domain curve fitting value for bubble quantity is 0.4, the weight of the time-domain curve fitting value for bubble uniformity is 0.3, and the weight of the time-domain curve fitting value for bubble size is 0.3.

[0035] The status determination module classifies the start / stop status based on the electrode bubble parameter curve fitting value and the audio signal: In this embodiment, the preset fitting value threshold is 0.85, and the fitting value ranges from 0 to 1. The closer the value is to 1, the higher the fit between the electrode bubble parameter curve and the preset standard curve, and the more stable the bubble state. 0.85 is in the high fitting range, which ensures that the bubble parameters are close to the optimal range, while avoiding overly strict judgments due to an excessively high threshold, which could lead to misjudgments of unstable states and unnecessary adjustment operations.

[0036] In this embodiment, the preset audio signal frequency range is 60-90Hz, which corresponds to the audio characteristics of the normal reaction during the start-up and shutdown phase of hydrogen production by water electrolysis, namely, uniform bubble sound and weak reaction sound.

[0037] If the electrode bubble parameter curve fitting value is >0.85 and the frequency of the audio signal acquired by the audio acquisition unit is in the range of 60-90Hz, it is determined to be a stable start-stop state. At this time, the electrode bubble state is stable, the electrolysis reaction is stable, and there is no need to adjust the working parameters. If any of the above conditions are not met, the start-stop unstable state is determined, and the control unit needs to execute the control strategy to adjust the operating parameters.

[0038] Specifically, this invention uses a state determination module to classify start-up and shutdown states based on the fitted values ​​of the electrode bubble parameter curve and the standard curve, combined with audio signals. By obtaining the fitted values ​​of the electrode bubble parameter curve and the standard curve, the change trend of the electrode bubble parameters over time and the degree of fit with the optimal operating conditions can be characterized. The closer the fitted value is to 1, the closer the electrode bubble parameters are to the optimal standard, and the more stable the electrolysis reaction. The lower the fitted value, the greater the fluctuation of the bubble parameters, and the potential instability of the electrolysis reaction. The audio signal can reflect the overall operating status of the electrolysis process in real time. A normal audio signal corresponds to a stable electrolysis reaction without abnormal noises, while an audio signal frequency exceeding the preset range can reflect problems such as abnormal electrode reaction, bubble aggregation and bursting. By combining the fitted value with the audio signal to classify the start-up and shutdown states, a dual verification of the start-up and shutdown states can be achieved. This can accurately identify potential problems where the bubble parameters meet the standard but the audio is abnormal, and can also avoid unstable situations where the audio is normal but the bubble parameters fluctuate too much. This provides accurate state basis for the collaborative control module, improving the reliability of system operation and hydrogen production efficiency.

[0039] When the state determination module determines that the start / stop is unstable, the control unit executes the following control strategy: The electrolytic cell is evenly divided into several sub-regions, with one temperature acquisition unit and one current density acquisition unit set up for each sub-region to ensure that the parameters of each sub-region can be acquired independently. The real-time temperature and current density of each sub-region are simultaneously acquired through the temperature and current density acquisition units. The temperature difference and current density difference between the sub-regions are calculated. Based on the calculated temperature difference and current density difference, the operating power change rate of the heat exchanger and the operating power change rate of the circulating pump are adjusted to ensure that the parameters of each sub-region tend to stabilize.

[0040] The specific steps for the control unit to calculate the temperature difference and current density difference between the regions are as follows: Simultaneously acquire the real-time temperature and current density of each sub-region, and record the parameter values ​​of each sub-region; From the temperature values ​​of each sub-region, extract the maximum and minimum sub-region temperature values, and calculate the regional temperature difference using the formula: Regional temperature difference = Maximum sub-region temperature value - Minimum sub-region temperature value. From the current density values ​​of each sub-region, extract the maximum and minimum sub-region current density values, and calculate the regional current density difference using the formula: Regional current density difference = Maximum sub-region current density value - Minimum sub-region current density value.

[0041] The control unit adjusts the rate of change of operating parameters based on the temperature difference and current density difference between the regions. The adjustment principle is that the temperature difference and the rate of change of operating parameters are negatively correlated, and the current density difference and the rate of change of operating parameters are also negatively correlated.

[0042] In this embodiment, the preset reference change rate is: the reference change rate of the heat exchanger operating power is 5% / min, and the reference change rate of the circulating pump operating power is 3% / min. The larger the difference between the regional temperature and the difference between the regional current density, the smaller the change rate of the operating parameters, so as to avoid instability caused by excessive parameter adjustment.

[0043] Specifically, this invention uses a control unit to adjust the rate of change of operating parameters based on the regional temperature difference and regional current density difference. The regional temperature difference characterizes the uniformity of temperature distribution in each sub-region of the electrolyzer, while the regional current density difference characterizes the uniformity of current distribution in each sub-region. Together, they reflect the overall operational stability of the electrolyzer during start-up and shutdown. In actual operation, a large regional temperature difference can lead to localized overheating and undercooling of the electrolyzer. Overheated areas are prone to catalyst activity decay and electrode corrosion, while undercooled areas will reduce the electrolysis reaction rate, affecting hydrogen production efficiency and potentially causing uneven electrolyte flow, further exacerbating parameter fluctuations. A large regional current density difference can lead to poor reaction rates on the electrode surface. Significant differences in current density can lead to imbalances. Regions with excessively high current density generate significant Joule heat, exacerbating localized overheating, while regions with excessively low current density exhibit weak reactions, resulting in low electrode utilization, uneven hydrogen production, and, over time, uneven electrode wear, shortening the electrolyzer's lifespan. By adjusting the rate of change of operating parameters based on regional temperature and current density differences, targeted control can be achieved. The adjustment range can be dynamically adapted to the degree of parameter fluctuation, effectively curbing potential problems such as localized overheating and reaction imbalances. This ensures that the parameters in each sub-region of the electrolyzer tend to be balanced, guaranteeing stable and efficient electrolysis. Simultaneously, it extends the lifespan of the electrodes and the electrolyzer, reduces system operating energy consumption and maintenance costs, and improves the control accuracy and reliability of the entire collaborative control system.

[0044] The warning unit identifies abnormal temperatures in the sub-region. In this embodiment, the preset temperature threshold for the sub-region is 90°C, which is the safe upper limit of the sub-region temperature. Exceeding this threshold will cause the catalyst to overheat and the electrode to be damaged. The early warning unit compares the temperature value of each sub-region with the preset temperature threshold in real time. If the temperature of any sub-region is >90℃, it immediately identifies the temperature of that sub-region as abnormal data and records the location of the abnormal sub-region, the abnormal temperature value, and the time of the abnormality. When abnormal data is detected, the early warning unit immediately issues an audible and visual alarm signal.

[0045] The modules described in the embodiments of this application can be implemented in software or hardware. These modules can also be located within a processor.

[0046] The flowcharts and block diagrams in the accompanying drawings illustrate the architecture, functionality, and operation of possible implementations of apparatus, methods, and computer program products according to various embodiments of this application. In this regard, each block in a flowchart or block diagram may represent a module, segment, or portion of code containing one or more executable instructions for implementing a specified logical function. It should also be noted that in some alternative implementations, the functions indicated in the blocks may occur in a different order than those indicated in the drawings. For example, two consecutively indicated blocks may actually be executed substantially in parallel, and they may sometimes be executed in reverse order, depending on the functions involved. It should also be noted that each block in the block diagrams and / or flowcharts, and combinations of blocks in the block diagrams and / or flowcharts, can be implemented using dedicated hardware-based apparatus to perform the specified function or operation, or using a combination of dedicated hardware and computer instructions.

[0047] Obviously, the above embodiments of the present invention are merely examples for clearly illustrating the present invention, and are not intended to limit the implementation of the present invention. Those skilled in the art can make other variations or modifications based on the above description. It is neither necessary nor possible to exhaustively describe all embodiments here. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, and improvements made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included within the scope of protection of the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A multi-parameter coordinated control system for hydrogen production via water electrolysis, characterized in that, include: The acquisition module includes an image acquisition unit for acquiring images of the electrode region inside the electrolytic cell, an audio acquisition unit for acquiring audio signals of the electrolysis process, a temperature acquisition unit for acquiring the temperature of the electrolytic cell, and a current density acquisition unit for acquiring the current density of the electrolytic cell. The state determination module is used to extract electrode bubble parameters based on the image of the electrode area in the electrolytic cell. The electrode bubble parameters include the number of bubbles, bubble uniformity, and bubble size. A time-domain graph is constructed based on the electrode bubble parameters to obtain the electrode bubble parameter curve. The start-up and stop states are determined by combining the fitting value of the electrode bubble parameter curve and the standard curve with the audio signal. The coordinated control module includes a control unit and an early warning unit. The control unit is used to execute control strategies based on the start / stop status. The electrolytic cell is divided into several sub-regions, and the temperature and current density of each sub-region are obtained. The temperature difference and current density difference between the regions are calculated. The rate of change of the operating parameters is adjusted according to the temperature difference and current density difference between the regions. The rate of change of the operating parameters includes the rate of change of the heat exchanger operating power and the rate of change of the circulating pump operating power. The early warning unit is used to identify whether there is abnormal data and to issue an alarm signal.

2. The multi-parameter coordinated control system for hydrogen production via water electrolysis according to claim 1, characterized in that, The state determination module is used to extract electrode bubble parameters based on the image of the electrode region inside the electrolytic cell, including: The number of bubbles was obtained by marking each bubble in the electrode area image of the electrolytic cell using image analysis software. The image of the electrode area in the electrolytic cell was divided into several sub-regions using image analysis software. The number of bubbles in each sub-region was counted, and the standard deviation of the number of bubbles in each sub-region was calculated as the bubble uniformity. The outline of each marked bubble is extracted using image analysis software, the diameter of each bubble is calculated, and the average diameter of all bubbles is calculated as the bubble size.

3. The multi-parameter coordinated control system for hydrogen production via water electrolysis according to claim 2, characterized in that, The state determination module constructs a time-domain graph based on the electrode bubble parameters to obtain the electrode bubble parameter curve. With the acquisition time as the horizontal axis and the number of bubbles, bubble uniformity, and bubble size as the vertical axes, time-domain plots of bubble number, bubble uniformity, and bubble size are constructed respectively. A linear fitting algorithm was used to fit and generate the corresponding time-domain curves for bubble quantity, bubble uniformity, and bubble size, respectively. The electrode bubble parameter curves include the bubble number time-domain curve, the bubble uniformity time-domain curve, and the bubble size time-domain curve.

4. The multi-parameter coordinated control system for hydrogen production via water electrolysis according to claim 3, characterized in that, The state determination module obtains the fitting value between the electrode bubble parameter curve and the standard curve. The time-domain curves for bubble quantity, bubble uniformity, and bubble size were fitted to their respective standard curves. Obtain the time-domain curve fitting values ​​for bubble quantity, bubble uniformity, and bubble size; The electrode bubble parameter curve fitting value is obtained by weighted summing of the time-domain curve fitting values ​​of bubble quantity, bubble uniformity, and bubble size.

5. The multi-parameter coordinated control system for hydrogen production via water electrolysis according to claim 4, characterized in that, The status determination module divides the system into start and stop states. If the preset conditions are met, it is classified as a start-stop stable state; If the preset conditions are not met, it is classified as an unstable start-stop state; The preset conditions are that the electrode bubble parameter curve fitting value is greater than the preset fitting value threshold, and the audio signal frequency belongs to the preset frequency range.

6. The multi-parameter coordinated control system for hydrogen production via water electrolysis according to claim 1, characterized in that, The control unit is used to execute a control strategy during start-up and shutdown in unstable states, including dividing the electrolytic cell into several sub-regions, obtaining the temperature and current density of each sub-region, calculating the temperature difference and current density difference between the regions, and adjusting the rate of change of operating parameters based on the temperature difference and current density difference between the regions. The rate of change of operating parameters includes the rate of change of heat exchanger operating power and the rate of change of circulating pump operating power.

7. The multi-parameter coordinated control system for hydrogen production via water electrolysis according to claim 1, characterized in that, The control unit divides the electrolytic cell into several sub-regions, each of which is of equal size.

8. The multi-parameter coordinated control system for hydrogen production via water electrolysis according to claim 1, characterized in that, The control unit is used to calculate the regional temperature difference and the regional current density difference. Obtain the temperature and current density of each sub-region; Extract the maximum and minimum sub-region temperature values; The difference between the largest and smallest sub-region temperature values ​​is calculated as the region temperature difference. Extract the maximum and minimum sub-region current densities. The difference between the largest and smallest sub-region current density is calculated as the region current density difference.

9. The multi-parameter coordinated control system for hydrogen production via water electrolysis according to claim 1, characterized in that, The control unit adjusts the rate of change of operating parameters based on the temperature difference and current density difference between the regions, wherein the temperature difference and the rate of change of operating parameters are negatively correlated, and the current density difference and the rate of change of operating parameters are also negatively correlated.

10. The multi-parameter coordinated control system for hydrogen production by water electrolysis according to claim 1, characterized in that, The early warning unit is used to identify whether there is abnormal data. If a sub-region temperature is higher than the preset region temperature, the sub-region temperature is identified as abnormal data.

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