A plate dust cooler with cloth and soot blowing structure

Abstract

The application belongs to the technical field of cooling equipment, and specifically discloses a plate dust cooler with dust distribution and blowing structures, which comprises a shell, a dust inlet arranged at the top of the shell, and a dust outlet arranged at the bottom of the shell; a dust distributor arranged inside the shell and directly below the dust inlet, which is used for spraying gas to blow and evenly distribute the dust falling from the dust inlet; and a plate heat exchanger comprising a plurality of heat exchange plates with adjustable intervals; and a blowing pipe provided with blowing holes, in which gas flow is sprayed to blow and clean the heat exchange plates. The dust distribution, blowing and adjustable interval structure are integrally designed, which systematically solves the inherent defects of the traditional dust cooler in terms of dust distribution uniformity, anti-dust accumulation ability, working condition adaptability and maintenance convenience, thereby improving the cooling efficiency, running stability and economy of the equipment when processing high-temperature light dust.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of cooling equipment technology, and more specifically to a plate-type dust cooler with a dust distribution and blowing structure. Background Technology

[0002] In biomass gasification technology, converting biomass into combustible gas is a crucial way to achieve efficient utilization of biomass energy. However, the gasification process generates a large amount of light dust (also known as fly ash) with a temperature exceeding 800°C. This type of dust is characterized by its fine particles, light weight, and high fluidity. If discharged directly without treatment, it will cause serious environmental pollution and may corrode subsequent process equipment. Therefore, for environmental protection and process safety requirements, this high-temperature dust must be cooled to below 100°C before it can be safely discharged or further treated. The core equipment for achieving this cooling process is the dust cooler (i.e., heat exchanger).

[0003] Currently, traditional coolers commonly used for treating this type of lightweight dust have the following shortcomings: 1. The equipment mainly relies on the natural distribution of dust due to gravity settling, leading to dust accumulation in the central area of ​​the heat exchange channel, while less is distributed around the edges. This uneven dust distribution prevents the full utilization of the heat exchange area, resulting in a decrease in the actual heat exchange efficiency of the cooler. 2. The heat exchange channels (i.e., the gaps between plates or tube bundles) are usually fixed and cannot be adjusted. When the characteristics of the raw materials, gasification conditions, or processing load change, the fixed channel spacing cannot be adjusted accordingly. This makes it difficult to achieve the optimal balance between uniform dust distribution, flow resistance, and heat exchange efficiency under different operating conditions, thereby reducing the adaptability of the cooling system to operating conditions and easily causing problems such as dust accumulation, blockage, and maintenance difficulties in the channels. Therefore, it is necessary to design a new dust cooler to solve the above problems. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of this invention is to address at least one deficiency in the prior art by providing a plate-type dust cooler with dust distribution and dust blowing structures.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides a plate-type dust cooler with dust distribution and dust blowing structures, comprising: a shell, with a dust inlet at the top and a dust outlet at the bottom; a dust distributor disposed inside the shell directly below the dust inlet, used to spray gas to disperse and evenly distribute the dust falling from the dust inlet; a plate heat exchanger disposed inside the shell below the dust distributor; the plate heat exchanger comprising multiple heat exchange plates; and a dust blowing pipe disposed in the heat exchange channel formed by adjacent heat exchange plates, the dust blowing pipe having dust blowing holes through which airflow is sprayed to blow the heat exchange plates and prevent dust accumulation on the heat exchange plates.

[0006] Furthermore, the dust distributor is a thin tube with dust distribution holes on its wall. The dust distribution holes are designed at an angle so that the gas ejected from the dust distribution holes is angled upwards.

[0007] Furthermore, the dust distribution holes are spirally distributed on the pipe wall, or multiple rows of staggered straight holes, annular slots, or other structures that can achieve uniform airflow distribution can be used.

[0008] Furthermore, the fly ash dispenser has two working modes: fly ash dispensing and fly ash blowing. In fly ash dispensing mode, low-pressure gas is introduced through the thin tube, and the airflow blown out of the fly ash dispensing holes is used to achieve uniform distribution of fly ash. In fly ash blowing mode, high-pressure pulsed gas is introduced through the thin tube, and the airflow blown out of the fly ash dispensing holes is used to disperse and fall the dust deposited around the fly ash dispenser, preventing dust accumulation.

[0009] Furthermore, the thin tube includes a vertical section and a horizontal section, which are L-shaped. The horizontal section is fixedly connected to the shell. The top of the vertical section can be set as a pointed cone, and the horizontal section is designed with a slope to prevent dust from accumulating on the thin tube.

[0010] Furthermore, the spacing between adjacent heat exchange plates in the plate heat exchanger is adjustable. Preferably, the spacing of the heat exchange plates in the plate heat exchanger can be adjusted by changing the support structure, using adjustable shims, or employing a hydraulic / mechanical adjustment mechanism. Existing technologies already have mature plate heat exchangers with adjustable plate spacing that can be directly adopted, and will not be elaborated upon here.

[0011] Furthermore, the soot blowing pipes are located at both ends of the heat exchange plates in the horizontal direction. Preferably, two soot blowing pipes are provided in each heat exchange channel, and the two soot blowing pipes can work alternately or simultaneously during soot blowing.

[0012] Furthermore, the shell is equipped with manual maintenance holes at both the inlet and outlet of the plate heat exchanger. This allows for manual maintenance of the internal components during shutdown.

[0013] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: 1. This invention utilizes a thin-tube dust collector positioned in the center of the dust flow channel to actively disperse falling high-temperature, lightweight dust using reverse or lateral airflow, completely changing the traditional distribution method that relies on gravity-driven natural settling. This enables uniform and discrete dust distribution across the entire cross-section of the plate heat exchanger, maximizing the contact area between the dust and the heat exchange plates, thereby significantly improving heat exchange efficiency and ensuring that the dust can be stably and efficiently cooled below the target temperature.

[0014] 2. The dust collector can also self-clean by switching to high-pressure pulse mode to prevent dust accumulation around itself. The blowing pipes installed between every two heat exchange plates periodically inject gas into the heat exchange channel in a pulsed manner, directly and online removing dust deposits from the plate surfaces. This effectively alleviates the problem of dust accumulation in the heat exchange channel and agglomeration between plates, maintaining the heat exchanger's long-term efficient and stable operation and avoiding a sharp drop in heat exchange efficiency due to dust accumulation.

[0015] 3. This invention can also optimize the matching relationship between the flow resistance of the dust channel and the heat exchange area by adjusting the plate spacing, thereby adapting to the needs of handling lightweight dust with different characteristics (such as particle size, humidity, and flow rate) and different process loads. Simultaneously, the heat exchange plates are installed with only the upper part fixed and the lower part free, and are relatively positioned by the soot blowing pipe with a small gap. This allows the plates to expand freely when heated, effectively releasing thermal stress and preventing structural deformation or damage caused by thermal expansion and contraction, thus improving the long-term operational reliability of the equipment under high-temperature conditions.

[0016] 4. The maintenance handholes installed at the equipment inlet and outlet allow maintenance personnel to easily enter the equipment for thorough inspection and manual cleaning when the machine is stopped, greatly reducing the difficulty and intensity of maintenance work. Attached Figure Description

[0017] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of Embodiment 1 of the present invention; Figure 2 yes Figure 1 Sectional view of AA; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the ash-spreading holes on the ash spreader in Embodiment 1 of the present invention; In the diagram: 1. Shell; 11. Dust inlet; 12. Dust outlet; 2. Dust collector; 21. Dust distribution hole; 3. Plate heat exchanger; 4. Heat exchange plates; 5. Soot blowing pipe; 6. Manual maintenance hole; 7. Cooling water inlet; 8. Cooling water outlet. Detailed Implementation

[0018] To further illustrate the technical means and effects of the present invention in achieving the intended purpose, the following detailed description of the specific implementation methods, structures, features and effects of the present invention, in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and preferred embodiments, is provided. Example

[0019] like Figure 1-3As shown, this embodiment provides a plate-type dust cooler with dust distribution and dust blowing structures, which includes: a shell 1, with a dust inlet 11 at the top and a dust outlet 12 at the bottom; a dust distributor 2, located inside the shell 1 directly below the dust inlet 11, used to spray gas to disperse and evenly distribute the dust falling from the dust inlet 11; a plate heat exchanger 3, located inside the shell 1 below the dust distributor 2; the plate heat exchanger 3 includes multiple heat exchange plates 4; and a dust blowing pipe 5, located in the heat exchange channel formed by adjacent heat exchange plates 4, with dust blowing holes on the dust blowing pipe 5, and the airflow sprayed from the dust blowing holes can be used to blow the surface of the heat exchange plates 4 to prevent dust accumulation on the heat exchange plates 4.

[0020] In this embodiment, the dust collector 2 is a thin tube, comprising a vertical section and a horizontal section, and is L-shaped. It is fixedly connected to the housing 1 through the horizontal section. Dust distribution holes 21 are provided on the wall of the vertical section of the thin tube. The dust distribution holes 21 are designed at an angle so that the gas ejected from the dust distribution holes 21 is inclined upwards, and the dust distribution holes 21 are distributed in a spiral pattern on the tube wall. The top of the vertical section can be set as a pointed cone, while the horizontal section is designed with a slope to prevent dust from accumulating on the thin tube.

[0021] In this embodiment, the fly ash distributor 2 has two working modes: fly ash distribution and fly ash blowing. In fly ash distribution mode, low-pressure gas is introduced through the thin tube, and the airflow blown out of the fly ash distribution hole 21 is used to achieve uniform distribution of fly ash. In fly ash blowing mode, high-pressure pulsed gas is introduced through the thin tube, and the airflow blown out of the fly ash distribution hole 21 is used to disperse and fall the dust deposited around the fly ash distributor 2 to prevent dust accumulation.

[0022] In this embodiment, the spacing between adjacent heat exchange plates 4 in the plate heat exchanger 3 is adjustable, and the soot blowing pipes 5 are located at both ends of the heat exchange plates 4 in the horizontal direction. This ensures that each heat exchange channel is equipped with two soot blowing pipes 5, which can work alternately or simultaneously during soot blowing.

[0023] In this embodiment, the shell 1 is provided with a cooling water inlet 7 and a cooling water outlet 8, and the heat exchange plates 4 are connected to the cooling water inlet 7 and the cooling water outlet 8. The upper part of the heat exchange plates 4 is fixedly connected to the shell 1, while the middle and lower parts are not rigidly fixed to the shell 1. The heat exchange plates 4 are relatively fixed to each other by soot blowing pipes 5, and a gap of 1-2 mm is provided between the heat exchange plates 4 and the soot blowing pipes 5. This design can accommodate the axial and radial deformation of the heat exchange plates 4 when they undergo thermal expansion at high temperatures, preventing thermal stress damage to the plates.

[0024] In this embodiment, manual maintenance holes 6 are provided on the shell 1 at both the inlet and outlet of the plate heat exchanger 3. When the machine is stopped, these maintenance holes can be opened to directly clean and maintain the inside of the heat exchanger manually.

[0025] In this embodiment, the working process of the plate-type ash cooler is as follows: High-temperature lightweight dust enters the equipment through the dust inlet 11 at the top of the shell 1. The dust collector 2 located below the dust inlet 11 is then activated and operates in dust distribution mode. At this time, low-pressure gas (such as nitrogen or clean compressed air) is introduced into the thin tube of the dust collector 2, and the gas is sprayed upward at an angle from the spirally distributed dust distribution holes 21. This reverse or lateral airflow encounters the falling high-temperature lightweight dust, effectively dispersing it and evenly transporting it to the heat exchange channels between all the heat exchange plates 4 below. Then, the evenly distributed high-temperature dust enters each heat exchange channel formed by the adjustable-spacing heat exchange plates 4, and slowly falls under the action of gravity, exchanging heat with the heat exchange plates 4 to reduce the temperature to below 100°C, and finally flows out from the dust inlet 11. During equipment operation, to prevent dust accumulation, the soot blowing function can be activated periodically. This involves switching the dust collector 2 to soot blowing mode, allowing high-pressure gas pulses to be introduced through the thin tubes to purge the area of ​​the dust collector 2. Simultaneously or alternately, the soot blowing pipes 5 at both ends of each heat exchange channel operate, introducing high-pressure pulsed gas to purge the heat exchange channels and remove accumulated dust. When the equipment requires maintenance or deep cleaning, operation can be stopped. Maintenance personnel can directly enter the equipment through the specially designed manual maintenance hole 6 on the casing 1 to manually inspect, clean, and maintain the dust collector 2, the surface of the heat exchange plates 4, and the channels, greatly reducing maintenance difficulty.

[0026] The above are only some embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention. For those skilled in the art, the present invention can have various combinations and modifications of the aforementioned technical features. Any improvements, modifications, equivalent substitutions, or applications of the structure or method of the present invention to other fields to achieve the same effect without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A plate-type dust cooler with a dust-closing and dust-blowing structure, characterized in that, include: The casing has a dust inlet at the top and a dust outlet at the bottom. The dust collector, located inside the housing and below the dust inlet, is used to spray gas to disperse and evenly distribute the dust falling from the dust inlet. A plate heat exchanger is installed inside the shell and below the dust collector; the plate heat exchanger includes multiple heat exchange plates. The soot blowing pipe is installed in the heat exchange channel formed by adjacent heat exchange plates. The soot blowing pipe is equipped with soot blowing holes. The airflow sprayed from the soot blowing holes is used to blow the heat exchange plates to prevent ash accumulation on the heat exchange plates.

2. The plate-type dust cooler with dust distribution and dust blowing structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The dust distributor is a thin tube with dust distribution holes on its wall. The dust distribution holes are designed to be inclined so that the gas ejected from the dust distribution holes is inclined upward.

3. The plate-type dust cooler with dust distribution and dust blowing structure according to claim 2, characterized in that: The ash-distributing holes are spirally distributed on the pipe wall or arranged in multiple staggered rows.

4. The plate-type dust cooler with dust distribution and dust blowing structure according to claim 2, characterized in that: The fly ash dispenser has two working modes: fly ash dispensing and fly ash blowing. In fly ash dispensing mode, low-pressure gas is introduced through the thin tube, and the airflow blown out of the fly ash dispensing holes is used to achieve uniform distribution of fly ash. In fly ash blowing mode, high-pressure pulsed gas is introduced through the thin tube, and the airflow blown out of the fly ash dispensing holes is used to disperse and fall the dust deposited around the fly ash dispenser to prevent dust accumulation.

5. The plate-type dust cooler with dust distribution and dust blowing structure according to claim 2, characterized in that: The thin tube includes a vertical section and a horizontal section. The horizontal section is fixedly connected to the shell. The top of the vertical section is set in a pointed cone shape, and the horizontal section is designed with a slope to prevent dust from accumulating on the thin tube.

6. The plate-type dust cooler with dust distribution and dust blowing structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The spacing between adjacent heat exchange plates in the plate heat exchanger is adjustable.

7. The plate-type dust cooler with dust distribution and dust blowing structure according to claim 6, characterized in that: The plate heat exchanger allows for adjustment of the plate spacing by changing the support structure, using adjustable shims, or employing a hydraulic / mechanical adjustment mechanism.

8. The plate-type dust cooler with dust distribution and dust blowing structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The soot blowing pipes are located at both ends of the heat exchange plates in the horizontal direction.

9. The plate-type dust cooler with dust distribution and dust blowing structure according to claim 7, characterized in that: Two soot blowing pipes are installed in each heat exchange channel, and the two soot blowing pipes work alternately during soot blowing.

10. The plate-type dust cooler with dust distribution and dust blowing structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The shell is equipped with manual maintenance holes at both the inlet and outlet of the plate heat exchanger.

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