A system for comprehensive recovery and treatment of multi-metal resources in radioactive tailings

Abstract

The application discloses a kind of multi-metal resources comprehensive recovery processing systems in radioactive tailings, it is related to radioactive waste treatment technical field, including data acquisition module, load zone division module, exploitation priority index acquisition module and hierarchical exploitation scheduling module, by the grid directly adjacent in the same load zone east-west direction or north-south direction is merged as operation unit, the centroid coordinate of each unit is calculated, the export coordinate of stockyard is determined, the straight line distance of the centroid of each unit to export is calculated, the exploitation order of operation unit inside the load zone is determined according to distance from near to far in each load zone, the area close to export is mined first, which can shorten the transportation distance and reduce the transportation energy consumption, the mined area can be used as the transportation channel of subsequent operation to avoid vehicle crossing the unmined area to cause road damage, then according to the order of load zone, the operation unit inside each load zone is sequentially connected in order, and the complete exploitation order list covering all operation units is output.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of radioactive waste treatment technology, specifically a comprehensive recycling and treatment system for polymetallic resources in radioactive tailings. Background Technology

[0002] Industrial processes such as uranium smelting and rare earth beneficiation produce large amounts of tailings that are stored in surface dumps for a long time. These tailings often contain natural radionuclides as well as rare earth elements, copper, zinc, manganese and other valuable metals, and have high resource reuse value.

[0003] However, existing technologies often employ random sampling or sparse sampling methods, which cannot efficiently cover the entire tailings site or accurately identify local high-grade or high-radioactivity anomalies. This results in a lack of targeted subsequent mining and treatment. Furthermore, mining decisions rely on experience-based judgments and lack a systematic approach that comprehensively considers the difficulty of radioactive disposal, the value of metal recovery, and the cost of acid consumption, and transforms these factors into a quantifiable mining sequence. This leads to mixed treatment of high-value and low-value areas, and cross-operation between high-radioactivity and low-radioactivity areas, resulting in decreased overall recovery efficiency and increased complexity in safety management. There is also a lack of scientific planning for the mining sequence of various work units within the same area. Frequent crossings of unmined areas by transport vehicles cause road damage, and unreasonable transportation distances lead to high energy consumption. Based on this, a comprehensive recovery and treatment system for multi-metal resources in radioactive tailings is proposed. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of this invention is to provide a comprehensive recycling and treatment system for polymetallic resources in radioactive tailings, so as to solve the problems mentioned in the background art.

[0005] A comprehensive recovery and treatment system for polymetallic resources in radioactive tailings includes: The data acquisition module is used to establish the coordinate system of the tailings dump and divide the dump into multiple square grid cells. A measuring point is set at the geometric center of each grid cell. The mobile scanning platform scans each measuring point along a bow-shaped route to obtain the radioactivity intensity, target metal grade estimate, and acid consumption estimate of the measuring point. The load zone division module is used to normalize the estimated values ​​of radioactivity intensity, grade and acid consumption at each measuring point and then sum them by weight to obtain a comprehensive zone value. Based on the comprehensive zone value, the stockyard is divided into low load zone, medium load zone and high load zone. The mining priority index acquisition module is used to calculate the mining priority index of each load zone and determine the mining order of the three load zones based on the mining priority index from largest to smallest. The graded mining scheduling module is used to receive the mining sequence among the three load zones, merge the spatially connected grids within the same load zone into working units, calculate the straight-line distance from the centroid of each working unit to the yard exit, arrange the working units within the same load zone from near to far to determine the mining sequence, and output a complete unit mining sequence list covering all working units.

[0006] As a further aspect of the present invention, the specific method for establishing the coordinate system of the tailings dump is as follows: A plane rectangular coordinate system is established with the southwesternmost corner of the storage yard as the origin, the long side of the storage yard as the positive horizontal axis, and the short side of the storage yard as the positive vertical axis.

[0007] As a further aspect of the present invention: the specific method for scanning each measuring point according to the bow-shaped route is as follows: Starting from the measuring point in the first row and first column, scan along the positive direction of the horizontal axis to the last column of that row. Then move to the last column of the second row and scan along the negative direction of the horizontal axis back to the first column. Then move to the first column of the third row and continue scanning in the positive direction. Repeat this process until all rows have been scanned.

[0008] As a further aspect of the present invention, the specific method for obtaining the radioactivity intensity at the measuring point is as follows: At each measurement point, the mobile scanning platform continuously collects data for 20 seconds to record the total gamma ray count. The total count is divided by 20 seconds to obtain the average count rate as the original measurement value. Before each formal measurement, the detector is moved to an open location 50 meters away from any radiation source and the background count rate is recorded for 60 seconds. The original measurement value of each measurement point is subtracted from the background count rate to obtain the radioactivity intensity of each measurement point.

[0009] As a further aspect of the present invention, the specific method for obtaining the estimated value of the target metal grade at the measuring point is as follows: The mass percentage content of each element was determined by a portable X-ray fluorescence analyzer. The estimated grade value of the measuring point was obtained by multiplying the total rare earth element content by a weight of 2.5, adding the copper content by a weight of 1.0, adding the zinc content by a weight of 1.2, and adding the manganese content by a weight of 0.8.

[0010] As a further aspect of the present invention, the specific method for obtaining the estimated acid consumption value at the measuring point is as follows: The calcium oxide and magnesium oxide contents are measured by an X-ray fluorescence analyzer. The calcium oxide content is multiplied by a coefficient a1, the magnesium oxide content is multiplied by a coefficient a2, and a constant term a3 is added to obtain the acid consumption estimate. a1, a2, and constant term a3 are all preset values.

[0011] As a further aspect of the present invention: the specific method for dividing the stockyard into low-load zone, medium-load zone, and high-load zone based on the comprehensive zoning value is as follows: The relative radioactivity value is obtained by dividing the radioactivity intensity of each measuring point by the maximum radioactivity intensity of the entire stockpile. The relative grade value is obtained by dividing the grade estimate by the maximum grade estimate of the entire stockpile. The relative acid consumption value is obtained by dividing the acid consumption estimate by the maximum acid consumption estimate of the entire stockpile. The relative radioactivity value is multiplied by 0.5, the grade value is multiplied by 0.3, and the acid consumption value is multiplied by 0.2. The sum is obtained as the comprehensive zoning value. The comprehensive zoning values ​​of all measuring points are arranged from smallest to largest. The value corresponding to the 30th percentile is used as the first threshold T1, and the value corresponding to the 70th percentile is used as the second threshold T2. Grids with comprehensive zoning values ​​less than T1 are classified as low load zones, those between T1 and T2 are classified as medium load zones, and those greater than or equal to T2 are classified as high load zones.

[0012] As a further aspect of the present invention: the specific method for determining the mining order of the three load zones based on the mining priority index from largest to smallest is as follows: Calculate the arithmetic mean of the relative grade, the arithmetic mean of the relative radioactivity, and the arithmetic mean of the relative acid consumption at all measuring points within each load zone. Use the average relative grade as the numerator and the average relative radioactivity multiplied by 1.5 plus the average relative acid consumption multiplied by 0.8 as the denominator. Divide the numerator by the denominator to obtain the mining priority index for each load zone. Determine the mining order of the three load zones by sorting them from largest to smallest according to the mining priority index.

[0013] As a further aspect of the present invention, the specific method for merging interconnected grids within the same load zone into a working unit is as follows: Two grids that are directly adjacent in the east-west or north-south direction within the same load zone are merged into one working cell. Grids that are only diagonally adjacent but do not share a boundary are not considered connected.

[0014] As a further aspect of the present invention: the specific method for outputting a complete list of unit mining sequences covering all work units is as follows: For each work unit, the arithmetic mean of the x-coordinates of all grid center points within the unit is used as the centroid x-coordinate of the corresponding work unit, and the arithmetic mean of the y-coordinates of all grid center points is used as the centroid y-coordinate of the corresponding work unit. This allows us to obtain the centroid coordinates of each work unit and the coordinates of the tailings dump outlet. Simultaneously, based on the centroid coordinates of each work unit and the tailings dump outlet coordinates, we calculate the straight-line distance from the centroid of each work unit to the outlet. Within each load zone, we sort each work unit in ascending order of the straight-line distance from the centroid to the outlet to determine the mining sequence of the work units within that load zone. We then connect the work units within each load zone sequentially to obtain a complete list of unit mining sequences covering all work units.

[0015] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are: (1) In this invention, by establishing a coordinate origin at the southwest corner of the storage yard, the storage yard is divided into square grid units with equal side lengths. A measuring point is set at the center of each grid. A bow-shaped route is used to scan all measuring points back and forth row by row. The bow-shaped route allows adjacent rows to be connected by only shifting one grid side length laterally, avoiding long-distance empty runs that return to the starting point for each row. The radioactivity intensity is obtained by collecting twenty-second counts using a sodium iodide detector and subtracting the background count rate. The grade estimate is calculated by simultaneously measuring the target metal content using an X-ray fluorescence analyzer and the acid consumption estimate is calculated by measuring the alkaline oxide content. (2) In this invention, the relative values ​​of radioactivity intensity, grade estimate and acid consumption estimate at each measuring point are obtained by dividing by the corresponding maximum value, so that the three indicators fall within the range of zero to one and are comparable. The relative values ​​of radioactivity, grade, and acid consumption are multiplied by 0.5, 0.3 and 0.2 respectively and weighted and summed to obtain the comprehensive zone value. Radioactivity is given the maximum weight of 0.5 to reflect the principle of safety constraint priority. The 30th percentile and 70th percentile are used as thresholds to divide the three regions into low load zone, medium load zone and high load zone. The percentile threshold can adaptively reflect the actual distribution characteristics of the current stockpile and ensure that the three load zones of any stockpile have reasonable spatial coverage. (3) In this invention, by calculating the average relative value of grade, the average relative value of radioactivity and the average relative value of acid consumption at each load zone, the average relative value of grade is used as the numerator to reflect the recovery potential, the average relative value of radioactivity is multiplied by the disposal difficulty coefficient of 1.5 and the average relative value of acid consumption is multiplied by the cost coefficient of 0.8 as the denominator to reflect the treatment cost, and the numerator is divided by the denominator to obtain the mining priority index. The larger the index, the higher the metal value that can be obtained under the unit treatment cost. The mining order between load zones is determined by sorting the indices from large to small, and the multi-factor balance is transformed into a single quantitative indicator to ensure that the mining decision is based on evidence. (4) In this invention, by merging directly adjacent grids in the east-west or north-south direction within the same load zone into a working unit, calculating the centroid coordinates of each unit, determining the yard outlet coordinates, calculating the straight-line distance from the centroid of each unit to the outlet, and sorting the working units within each load zone in order of distance from near to far to determine the mining sequence of the working units within that load zone, mining the area near the outlet first can shorten the transportation distance and reduce transportation energy consumption, and the mined area can be used as a transportation channel for subsequent operations to avoid vehicles crossing unmined areas and causing road damage, and then the working units within each load zone are sequentially connected according to the order between load zones to output a complete mining sequence list covering all working units. Attached Figure Description

[0016] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the system framework structure of the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0017] The technical solution of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the embodiments. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0018] Example 1: Please refer to Figure 1 This application provides a comprehensive recovery and treatment system for polymetallic resources in radioactive tailings, including: The data acquisition module is used to establish a coordinate system for the tailings dump and divide the dump into multiple square grid cells. A measuring point is set at the geometric center of each grid cell. Each measuring point is scanned to acquire data on radioactivity intensity, estimated target metal grade, and estimated acid consumption. Specifically: After conducting an on-site survey of the tailings dump, the southwesternmost corner of the dump was selected as the origin of the coordinate system. A Cartesian coordinate system was established with the long side of the dump as the positive x-axis and the short side as the positive y-axis. The southwesternmost corner was chosen as the origin because this setting ensures that the x-coordinate and y-coordinate of all locations within the dump are positive, preventing numbering confusion caused by negative coordinates. The long side was chosen as the x-axis because the number of grid columns in the long side is greater than the number of rows in the short side. This results in the longest continuous travel distance in each row of the subsequent bow-shaped scanning route, which helps the mobile scanning platform maintain a constant speed and reduces the number of starts and stops. The storage yard is then divided into multiple square grid cells of equal side length. The side length of the grid is determined based on the total area of ​​the storage yard: 5 meters for areas less than 3,000 square meters, 10 meters for areas between 3,000 and 15,000 square meters, 15 meters for areas between 15,000 and 50,000 square meters, and 20 meters for areas exceeding 50,000 square meters. This keeps the total number of grid cells between 60 and 200 to balance spatial resolution and scanning efficiency. A measuring point is set at the geometric center of each grid cell. Each measuring point is encoded using a row number plus a column number. The row number starts from the first row along the vertical axis and increments sequentially. The column number starts from the first row along the horizontal axis. The columns are numbered sequentially, starting with column 1. The moving scanning platform then scans all measurement points row by row along a bow-shaped route. It should be noted that the bow-shaped route starts from column 1 of row 1 and scans along the positive direction of the horizontal axis to the last column of that row. Then it moves to the last column of row 2 and scans along the negative direction of the horizontal axis back to column 1. Then it moves to column 1 of row 3 and continues scanning in the positive direction. This process is repeated until all rows have been scanned. This path planning minimizes the travel distance of the moving scanning platform. The moving scanning platform is equipped with a sodium iodide crystal gamma detector for measuring radioactivity intensity and a portable X-ray fluorescence analyzer for estimating the target metal grade. At each measurement point, the detector stays for no less than 20 seconds. During this stay, the detector starts counting and continuously collects data for 20 seconds, recording the total number of gamma rays received by the detector during this period. The average count rate is obtained by dividing the total value by 20 seconds. This average count rate is used as the original measurement value of the radioactivity intensity at the corresponding measuring point. The 20-second acquisition time is based on the Poisson statistical characteristics of radioactive decay. For a typical measuring point with a count rate of 100 counts per second, the total count in 20 seconds is about 2,000, and the relative standard deviation is about 2.2 percent, which can meet the accuracy requirements of rapid on-site screening. Too short an acquisition time will lead to excessive statistical fluctuations, while too long an acquisition time will significantly prolong the scanning cycle. At the same time, before each formal measurement, the detector is moved to an open location at least 50 meters away from any radiation source, and the background count rate is recorded for 60 seconds. The 50-meter distance is set based on the inverse square law of radiation intensity decay. At this distance, the radiation intensity has decayed to 1 / 2,500 of the close range, which can be considered to be outside the direct influence range of radioactive materials in the storage area. The background measurement is 60 seconds instead of 20 seconds to obtain a more stable background reference value. The original measurement value of each measuring point is subtracted from the background count rate to obtain the radioactivity intensity of each measuring point. After arriving at each measuring point via the mobile scanning platform, the operator vertically presses the probe of the X-ray fluorescence analyzer against the surface of the tailings at the measuring point, ensuring full contact between the probe and the tailings. The instrument measurement time is set to 60 seconds. After the measurement, the instrument automatically outputs the mass percentage content of each element. The target metals include four categories: rare earth elements, copper, zinc, and manganese. The total content of rare earth elements is multiplied by a weight of 2.5, plus the copper content multiplied by a weight of 1.0, the zinc content multiplied by a weight of 1.2, and the manganese content multiplied by a weight of 0.8, to obtain the estimated target metal grade value for each measuring point. The weight coefficients for each metal are set based on a comprehensive consideration of market value and recovery difficulty. Rare earth elements have high market prices and are strategic key minerals, so they are given the highest weight of 2.5. Zinc has mature hydrometallurgical recovery technology and a relatively high price, so it is given a weight of 1.2. Although copper has high value, its content in this type of tailings is usually low, so it is given a baseline weight of 1.0. Manganese has a relatively low market price, so it is given the lowest weight of 0.8. After reaching each measuring point via a mobile scanning platform, the calcium oxide and magnesium oxide content data simultaneously output during the aforementioned 60-second measurement were obtained using a portable X-ray fluorescence analyzer. The calcium oxide content was multiplied by coefficient a1, the magnesium oxide content was multiplied by coefficient a2, and a constant term a3 was added to obtain the estimated acid consumption value for each measuring point. Calcium oxide and magnesium oxide are the main alkaline components in the tailings and undergo neutralization reactions during sulfuric acid leaching, consuming acid and being key factors determining leaching costs. a1, a2, and the constant term a3 are preset values, and the coefficients a1, a2, and the constant term a3 were determined through prior calibration experiments. The specific method involves collecting no fewer than fifteen tailings samples from different locations in the stockpile, determining their calcium oxide and magnesium oxide contents, and conducting standard leaching tests under laboratory conditions to determine the actual acid consumption value. Using calcium oxide and magnesium oxide contents as independent variables and the actual acid consumption value as the dependent variable, a multiple linear regression is performed to obtain the best-fit coefficients. Based on the calibration results of typical uranium mine tailings, coefficient a1 typically falls within the range of thirteen to seventeen, coefficient a2 typically falls within the range of nineteen to twenty-four, and the constant term a3 typically falls within the range of thirty-five to fifty-five. The unit is kilograms of sulfuric acid per ton of tailings.

[0019] By establishing a coordinate origin at the southwestern corner of the storage yard and creating a Cartesian coordinate system with the long side as the horizontal axis, the storage yard is divided into square grid units of equal side length. The grid side length is selected between five and twenty meters based on the storage yard area, keeping the total number of grids between sixty and two hundred. A measuring point is set at the geometric center of each grid, and a bow-shaped route is used for row-by-row scanning. The bow-shaped route allows the mobile scanning platform to move laterally by only one grid side length between adjacent rows to connect to the next row, avoiding long-distance empty runs that would require starting from the starting point for each row. After reaching each measuring point, a sodium iodide crystal gamma detector is used to continuously collect data for twenty seconds, and the background count rate is subtracted to obtain the radioactivity intensity. The rare earth, copper, zinc, and manganese contents are measured using an X-ray fluorescence analyzer, and the weighted sum is used to obtain the grade estimate. At the same time, the acid consumption estimate is obtained by using the calcium oxide and magnesium oxide contents through a regression formula. Thus, three characteristic index data covering the measuring point can be obtained in a single stop.

[0020] The load zone delineation module scans each measuring point to obtain the radioactivity intensity, estimated target metal grade, and estimated acid consumption for each point. It then calculates the comprehensive zoning value for each measuring point and divides the tailings dump into three zones: low-load zone, medium-load zone, and high-load zone based on the comprehensive zoning value of each grid measuring point. The specific method is as follows: Find the maximum radioactivity intensity among all measuring points and denot it as R. max The maximum value of the grade estimate is denoted as M. max The maximum value of the estimated acid consumption is denoted as A. max Divide the radioactivity intensity at each measuring point by R maxThe relative radioactivity values ​​are obtained and normalized using the maximum values ​​of each indicator to ensure that all relative values ​​strictly fall within the closed interval of zero to one, avoiding negative values ​​or values ​​exceeding one, while preserving the original data distribution pattern and not changing the relative ranking relationship between the measuring points; the grade estimate is divided by M. max The relative grade value is obtained, and the estimated acid consumption is divided by A. max The relative acid consumption value is obtained, and then the relative radioactivity value of each measuring point is multiplied by 0.5, the relative grade value is multiplied by 0.3, and the relative acid consumption value is multiplied by 0.2 to obtain the comprehensive zoning value of each measuring point. Radioactivity intensity is assigned the maximum weight of 0.5 because radioactivity safety is the primary constraint for tailings treatment; high-radioactivity areas require specialized protective equipment and special operating procedures, resulting in significantly higher treatment costs than ordinary areas. The grade estimation value is assigned a weight of 0.3 to reflect the important role of resource recovery value. The acid consumption estimation value is assigned a weight of 0.2 because acid, as a conventional chemical raw material, has a relatively controllable cost impact. The sum of the three weights equals one to ensure that the comprehensive zoning value falls within the range of zero to one. After obtaining the comprehensive zoning values ​​of all measuring points, the values ​​of all measuring points are arranged from smallest to largest to identify... The comprehensive zone value corresponding to the 30th percentile after sorting is recorded as the zone threshold T1, and the comprehensive zone value corresponding to the 70th percentile is recorded as the zone threshold T2. Grids with comprehensive zone values ​​less than T1 are assigned to the low-load zone, those between T1 and T2 are assigned to the medium-load zone, and those greater than or equal to T2 are assigned to the high-load zone. Using the 30th and 70th percentiles as the dividing points ensures that the low-load zone accounts for approximately 30% of all grids, the medium-load zone accounts for approximately 40%, and the high-load zone accounts for approximately 30%. This proportional allocation conforms to the objective law that the area of ​​the intermediate state region in the actual stockpile is usually the largest. At the same time, using the percentile method instead of a fixed absolute threshold can adaptively reflect the actual distribution characteristics of the current stockpile, ensuring that the three load zones have reasonable spatial coverage in any stockpile.

[0021] The relative values ​​of radioactivity intensity, grade, and acid consumption at each measuring point are divided by the corresponding maximum value of the entire stockpile to obtain the relative values ​​of radioactivity, grade, and acid consumption, respectively, so that all three indicators are converted into a closed interval of zero to one for comparability. Then, the relative values ​​of radioactivity, grade, and acid consumption are multiplied by a weight of 0.5, 0.3, and 0.2, respectively, and then weighted and summed to obtain the comprehensive zoning value. Radioactivity is given the highest weight because it involves safety constraints and special disposal costs and should play a dominant role in zoning decisions. The comprehensive zoning values ​​of all measuring points are arranged from smallest to largest, and the value corresponding to the 30th percentile is used as the first threshold, and the value corresponding to the 70th percentile is used as the second threshold. Grids with comprehensive zoning values ​​below the first threshold are classified into the low-load zone, those between the two thresholds are classified into the medium-load zone, and those above the second threshold are classified into the high-load zone. The percentile threshold can adaptively reflect the actual distribution characteristics of the current stockpile to ensure that the three load zones of different stockpiles have reasonable spatial coverage.

[0022] The mining priority index acquisition module calculates the mining priority index for each of the three load zones based on the radioactivity intensity, estimated target metal grade, and estimated acid consumption of all measuring points within the low-load, medium-load, and high-load zones. The mining order is then determined according to this priority index, with zones having higher mining priority indices being mined first. Specifically: For the low-load zone, medium-load zone, and high-load zone, calculate the arithmetic mean of the relative grade, the arithmetic mean of the relative radioactivity, and the arithmetic mean of the relative acid consumption of all measuring points in the low-load zone, medium-load zone, and high-load zone, respectively. The arithmetic mean of the relative grade values ​​of a single load zone is used as the numerator. The arithmetic mean of the relative radioactivity values ​​is multiplied by the treatment difficulty coefficient of 1.5, and the sum of the average relative acid consumption values ​​multiplied by the cost coefficient of 0.8 is used as the denominator. The numerator is then divided by the denominator to obtain the mining priority index of the corresponding load zone. The same calculation is performed for low load zones, medium load zones, and high load zones to obtain the mining priority index of the load zone, medium load zone, and high load zone. The three indices are arranged from largest to smallest. The load zone with the highest mining priority index is arranged as the first batch of mining, the second highest index is arranged as the second batch, and the lowest index is arranged as the third batch. A larger numerator in the priority index indicates a higher target metal grade and greater potential economic value for that zone; a larger denominator indicates higher difficulty in radioactive disposal and higher acid consumption costs. A larger index means a higher metal value per unit of processing cost, naturally warranting priority mining.

[0023] It should be noted that the difficulty coefficient is set at 1.5 because radioactive disposal involves special protective equipment and radioactive waste treatment costs. Specifically, this includes the procurement and maintenance costs of specialized equipment such as personal dosimeters, radiation protective suits, and respiratory protective equipment; the labor costs for specialized training and rotation of personnel working in high-radioactive areas; and the disposal costs for solidification and temporary storage of high-radioactive waste according to national regulations. Considering all these factors, the unit cost of radioactive disposal is approximately 1.5 times higher than the cost of ordinary acid consumption. The cost coefficient is set at 0.8 because although the cost of acid is not low, it is a conventional chemical material with ample market supply and relatively stable prices. Its proportion in the total treatment cost is lower than that of radioactive disposal costs. The design consideration of a sum of 2.3 for both coefficients, rather than an integer, is to make it easier to differentiate the priority index calculation results for different load zones, facilitating a clear distinction in the mining sequence.

[0024] It should be further explained that there is no fixed rule for which of the three load zones has the highest mining priority index. Although the low load zone has lower radioactivity and acid consumption, resulting in a smaller denominator, the grade is also often lower, resulting in a smaller numerator. Although the high load zone may have a higher grade, increasing the numerator, the radioactivity and acid consumption are also higher, increasing the denominator. Ultimately, which load zone has the highest index depends on the specific distribution of data from each measuring point. The mining priority index is a quantitative decision-making tool used to handle such complex trade-offs among multiple factors.

[0025] By calculating the arithmetic mean of the relative grade, the relative radioactivity, and the relative acid consumption of all measuring points in the low-load, medium-load, and high-load zones respectively, the average relative grade is used as the numerator to reflect the metal recovery potential of the load zone. The average relative radioactivity multiplied by the treatment difficulty coefficient of 1.5 and the average relative acid consumption multiplied by the cost coefficient of 0.8 are used as the denominator to reflect the comprehensive treatment cost of the load zone. The numerator divided by the denominator yields the mining priority index of the load zone. The larger the index, the higher the metal value that can be obtained per unit treatment cost. Arranging the three load zones in descending order of the index determines the mining order among the load zones. Thus, the complex trade-off between multiple factors such as radioactivity, grade, and acid consumption is transformed into a single quantitative indicator, making the mining order decision-making basis reliable.

[0026] The graded mining scheduling module is used to receive the mining sequence between three load zones, merge the interconnected grids in the same load zone into work units, calculate the straight-line distance from the centroid of each work unit to the yard exit, arrange the work units in the same load zone from near to far to determine the mining sequence, and then output a complete unit mining sequence list covering all work units by sequentially connecting the work units in each load zone according to the order between load zones. Mesh grids that are spatially connected within the same load zone are merged into a single work unit. Spatially connected means that two meshes from the same load zone are directly adjacent in the east-west or north-south direction, sharing a boundary. Mesh grids that are only diagonally adjacent and do not share a boundary are not considered connected. Specifically, starting from any unprocessed mesh within a load zone, recursively search for its adjacent meshes in all four directions. If an adjacent mesh belongs to the same load zone and has not yet been assigned to any work unit, it is merged into the current work unit, and the process continues outward until no new mesh can be found. Then, the next unprocessed mesh is selected, and the above process is repeated until all meshes within the load zone are assigned to a single work unit. This partitioning process is performed on all three load zones. For each work unit, the arithmetic mean of the x-coordinates of all grid center points within the unit is used as the centroid x-coordinate of the corresponding work unit, and the arithmetic mean of the y-coordinates of all grid center points is used as the centroid y-coordinate of the corresponding work unit; thus, the centroid position coordinates of each work unit are obtained, and the centroid position represents the spatial centroid of the work unit for subsequent calculation of transportation distance.

[0027] For each work unit, obtain the number of grids in the work unit, the total area covered by the unit, the arithmetic mean of the radioactivity intensity of each measuring point in the unit, the arithmetic mean of the grade estimate of each measuring point in the unit, the arithmetic mean of the acid consumption estimate of each measuring point in the unit, and the coordinates of the centroid of the unit. Obtain the coordinates of the tailings dump outlet. The dump outlet refers to the fixed passageway where tailings transport vehicles leave the dump. This location is usually located at the dump boundary and connected to external transport roads. When establishing the dump coordinate system, simultaneously determine the abscissa and ordinate of the outlet location. If there are multiple outlets in the dump, select the main outlet or the outlet with the highest daily usage frequency as the benchmark. Simultaneously, based on the centroid coordinates of each work unit and the tailings dump outlet coordinates, the straight-line distance from the centroid of each work unit to the outlet is calculated. The method for calculating the straight-line distance is to add the square of the difference between the x-coordinate of the centroid of the work unit and the x-coordinate of the outlet to the square of the difference between the y-coordinate of the centroid and the y-coordinate of the outlet, and then take the square root of the sum. Units that are closer in distance are scheduled for mining earlier. The technical consideration of adopting a mining sequence from near to far is that mining the area closer to the outlet first can shorten the transportation distance and reduce transportation energy consumption. As mining progresses and gradually extends into the dump, the mined area can serve as a transportation channel for subsequent operations to avoid vehicles crossing unmined areas and causing road damage. Within each load zone, the mining sequence of each work unit is determined by ranking the linear distance from its centroid to the exit position in ascending order. If the difference in distance between two work units and the exit is within 5%, they are considered to be close. In this case, they are ranked from highest to lowest according to the estimated average grade, with units of higher average grade being prioritized for mining to achieve resource value recovery as soon as possible. Then, based on the order between load zones determined by the mining priority index module, the work units within each load zone are sequentially linked to obtain a complete list of unit mining sequences covering all work units, which is then output. Each entry in the list contains the following information: mining sequence number, name of the load zone to which the unit belongs, list of grid numbers included in the unit, total area covered by the unit, coordinates of the unit centroid, linear distance from the centroid to the exit, average radioactivity intensity of measuring points within the unit, average grade estimate, and average acid consumption estimate.

[0028] The data acquisition module efficiently collects three characteristic indicators from each grid measuring point within the stockpile using a bow-shaped route. The load zone division module finely divides the stockpile into three processing load level areas through normalized weighted synthesis and percentile threshold segmentation. The mining priority index acquisition module determines the mining sequence between load zones through economic efficiency-oriented ratio calculation. The hierarchical mining scheduling module determines the mining sequence of work units within each load zone through spatial connectivity clustering and distance sorting, and then sequentially arranges the work units within each load zone into a complete mining scheduling list that can directly guide on-site construction based on the sequence between load zones. The data flow of the four modules is as follows: the data acquisition module outputs the three indicator data of each measuring point and sends it to the load zone division module; the load zone division module outputs the grid affiliation of the three load zones and the three types of relative values ​​of each measuring point and sends them to the mining priority index acquisition module and the hierarchical mining scheduling module; the mining priority index acquisition module outputs the mining sequence between the three load zones and sends it to the hierarchical mining scheduling module; the hierarchical mining scheduling module integrates all the above information and outputs the final unit mining sequence list.

[0029] By merging directly adjacent grids sharing boundaries in the east-west or north-south direction within the same load zone into a single work unit, scattered similar grids are aggregated into several contiguous areas, facilitating the organization of continuous mechanized operations. The arithmetic mean of the x-coordinates and y-coordinates of the center points of all grids within each work unit is calculated as the centroid coordinates of that unit. The coordinates of the yard exit location are determined, and the straight-line distance from the centroid of each unit to the exit is calculated. Within each load zone, the work units are ordered from closest to furthest from the centroid to the exit to determine the mining sequence within that load zone. If the difference in distance between two units is within 5%, they are ordered from highest to lowest based on the average grade estimate. Mining the area closer to the exit first can shorten the transportation distance, and the mined area can serve as a transportation channel for subsequent operations. Finally, based on the priority order between load zones determined by the mining priority index acquisition module, the work units within each load zone are sequentially connected, outputting a complete mining sequence list covering all work units.

[0030] The data acquisition module establishes a coordinate system and divides the yard into grids. It efficiently scans each measuring point using a zigzag route to acquire three characteristic indicators: radioactivity intensity, grade estimation, and acid consumption estimation. The load zone division module normalizes these three indicators and then weights them to obtain a comprehensive zone value. Using the 30th and 70th percentiles as thresholds, the yard is divided into three zones: low-load, medium-load, and high-load. The mining priority index acquisition module calculates the ratio of the average relative grade value of each load zone to the processing cost to obtain the mining priority index. The mining order between load zones is determined according to the index from largest to smallest. The tiered mining scheduling module merges spatially connected grids within the same load zone into operational units. Within each load zone, the mining priority is determined according to... The mining sequence of work units within a load zone is determined by sorting the distance from the unit centroid to the exit from nearest to farthest. Then, based on the order of work units within each load zone, the mining sequence list covering all work units is output in series. The data flow of the four modules is as follows: the data acquisition module outputs three index data of each measuring point and sends them to the load zone division module. The load zone division module outputs the grid affiliation of the three load zones and the three types of relative values ​​of each measuring point and sends them to the mining priority index acquisition module and the hierarchical mining scheduling module. The mining priority index acquisition module outputs the mining sequence among the three load zones and sends it to the hierarchical mining scheduling module. The hierarchical mining scheduling module integrates all the above information and outputs the final unit mining sequence list.

[0031] The above formulas are all dimensionless calculations. The formulas are derived from software simulations based on a large amount of collected data to obtain the most recent real-world results. The preset parameters and thresholds in the formulas are set by those skilled in the art according to the actual situation.

[0032] The above description is merely a specific embodiment of this application, but the scope of protection of this application is not limited thereto. Any variations or substitutions that can be easily conceived by those skilled in the art within the scope of the technology disclosed in this application should be included within the scope of protection of this application. Therefore, the scope of protection of this application should be determined by the scope of the claims.

Claims

1. A comprehensive recovery and treatment system for polymetallic resources in radioactive tailings, characterized in that, include: The data acquisition module is used to establish the coordinate system of the tailings dump and divide the dump into multiple square grid cells. A measuring point is set at the geometric center of each grid cell. The mobile scanning platform scans each measuring point along a bow-shaped route to obtain the radioactivity intensity, target metal grade estimate, and acid consumption estimate of the measuring point. The load zone division module is used to normalize the estimated values ​​of radioactivity intensity, grade and acid consumption at each measuring point and then sum them by weight to obtain a comprehensive zone value. Based on the comprehensive zone value, the stockyard is divided into low load zone, medium load zone and high load zone. The mining priority index acquisition module is used to calculate the mining priority index of each load zone and determine the mining order of the three load zones based on the mining priority index from largest to smallest. The graded mining scheduling module is used to receive the mining sequence among the three load zones, merge the spatially connected grids within the same load zone into working units, calculate the straight-line distance from the centroid of each working unit to the yard exit, arrange the working units within the same load zone from near to far to determine the mining sequence, and output a complete unit mining sequence list covering all working units.

2. The comprehensive recovery and treatment system for polymetallic resources in radioactive tailings according to claim 1, characterized in that, The specific method for establishing the coordinate system of the tailings dump is as follows: A plane rectangular coordinate system is established with the southwesternmost ground marker point of the storage yard as the origin, the long side of the storage yard as the positive horizontal axis, and the short side of the storage yard as the positive vertical axis.

3. The comprehensive recovery and treatment system for polymetallic resources in radioactive tailings according to claim 1, characterized in that, The specific method for scanning each measuring point according to the bow-shaped route is as follows: Starting from the measuring point in the first row and first column, scan along the positive direction of the horizontal axis to the last column of that row. Then move to the last column of the second row and scan along the negative direction of the horizontal axis back to the first column. Then move to the first column of the third row and continue scanning in the positive direction. Repeat this process until all rows have been scanned.

4. The comprehensive recovery and treatment system for polymetallic resources in radioactive tailings according to claim 1, characterized in that, The specific method for obtaining the radioactivity intensity at the measuring point is as follows: At each measurement point, the mobile scanning platform continuously collects data for 20 seconds to record the total gamma ray count. The total count is divided by 20 seconds to obtain the average count rate as the original measurement value. Before each formal measurement, the detector is moved to an open location 50 meters away from any radiation source and the background count rate is recorded for 60 seconds. The original measurement value of each measurement point is subtracted from the background count rate to obtain the radioactivity intensity of each measurement point.

5. The comprehensive recovery and treatment system for polymetallic resources in radioactive tailings according to claim 1, characterized in that, The specific method for obtaining the estimated value of the target metal grade at the measuring point is as follows: The mass percentage content of each element was determined by a portable X-ray fluorescence analyzer. The estimated grade value of the measuring point was obtained by multiplying the total rare earth element content by a weight of 2.5, adding the copper content by a weight of 1.0, adding the zinc content by a weight of 1.2, and adding the manganese content by a weight of 0.

8.

6. The comprehensive recovery and treatment system for polymetallic resources in radioactive tailings according to claim 1, characterized in that, The specific method for obtaining the estimated acid consumption value at the measuring point is as follows: The calcium oxide and magnesium oxide contents are measured by an X-ray fluorescence analyzer. The calcium oxide content is multiplied by a coefficient a1, the magnesium oxide content is multiplied by a coefficient a2, and a constant term a3 is added to obtain the acid consumption estimate. a1, a2, and constant term a3 are all preset values.

7. The comprehensive recovery and treatment system for polymetallic resources in radioactive tailings according to claim 1, characterized in that, The specific method for dividing the storage yard into low-load, medium-load, and high-load zones based on the comprehensive zoning value is as follows: The relative radioactivity value is obtained by dividing the radioactivity intensity of each measuring point by the maximum radioactivity intensity of the entire stockpile. The relative grade value is obtained by dividing the grade estimate by the maximum grade estimate of the entire stockpile. The relative acid consumption value is obtained by dividing the acid consumption estimate by the maximum acid consumption estimate of the entire stockpile. The relative radioactivity value is multiplied by 0.5, the grade value is multiplied by 0.3, and the acid consumption value is multiplied by 0.

2. The sum is obtained as the comprehensive zoning value. The comprehensive zoning values ​​of all measuring points are arranged from smallest to largest. The value corresponding to the 30th percentile is used as the first threshold T1, and the value corresponding to the 70th percentile is used as the second threshold T2. Grids with comprehensive zoning values ​​less than T1 are classified as low load zones, those between T1 and T2 are classified as medium load zones, and those greater than or equal to T2 are classified as high load zones.

8. A comprehensive recovery and treatment system for polymetallic resources in radioactive tailings according to claim 7, characterized in that, The specific method for determining the mining sequence of the three load zones based on the mining priority index, ranked from largest to smallest, is as follows: Calculate the arithmetic mean of the relative grade, the arithmetic mean of the relative radioactivity, and the arithmetic mean of the relative acid consumption at all measuring points within each load zone. Use the average relative grade as the numerator and the average relative radioactivity multiplied by 1.5 plus the average relative acid consumption multiplied by 0.8 as the denominator. Divide the numerator by the denominator to obtain the mining priority index for each load zone. Determine the mining order of the three load zones by sorting them from largest to smallest according to the mining priority index.

9. A comprehensive recovery and treatment system for polymetallic resources in radioactive tailings according to claim 1, characterized in that, The specific method for merging interconnected grids within the same load zone into a single work unit is as follows: Two grids that are directly adjacent in the east-west or north-south direction within the same load zone are merged into one working cell. Grids that are only diagonally adjacent but do not share a boundary are not considered connected.

10. A comprehensive recovery and treatment system for polymetallic resources in radioactive tailings according to claim 9, characterized in that, The specific method for outputting a complete list of mining sequences covering all work units is as follows: For each work unit, the arithmetic mean of the x-coordinates of all grid center points within the unit is used as the centroid x-coordinate of the corresponding work unit, and the arithmetic mean of the y-coordinates of all grid center points is used as the centroid y-coordinate of the corresponding work unit. This allows us to obtain the centroid coordinates of each work unit and the coordinates of the tailings dump outlet. Simultaneously, based on the centroid coordinates of each work unit and the tailings dump outlet coordinates, we calculate the straight-line distance from the centroid of each work unit to the outlet. Within each load zone, we sort each work unit in ascending order of the straight-line distance from the centroid to the outlet to determine the mining sequence of the work units within that load zone. We then connect the work units within each load zone sequentially to obtain a complete list of unit mining sequences covering all work units.

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