A retractable shower head with one-way sealing function

Abstract

This invention discloses a retractable sprinkler head with a one-way sealing function, belonging to the technical field of sprinkler devices. It includes an end cap, a cylinder, a piston, a spring, and a nozzle. The cylinder is coaxially connected to the end cap, and the piston is slidably disposed within the cylinder. Its piston rod passes through the end cap and connects to the nozzle. A one-way valve assembly is located inside the piston. The spring is sleeved on the outside of the piston rod, with its two ends abutting against the end cap and the piston, respectively. In the non-operating state, the one-way valve assembly closes the liquid path, and the piston rod end face is flush with the nozzle mounting surface to avoid protrusion and impact. During operation, water pressure pushes the piston out of the nozzle, simultaneously opening the one-way valve to open the liquid path, enabling water spraying for fire extinguishing. After the water supply stops, the spring drives the piston and nozzle to return to their original positions, and the one-way valve re-seals, preventing residual liquid in the pipeline from flowing out and causing secondary damage. This invention has a compact structure, reliable sealing, and aesthetically pleasing installation, and is suitable for fire protection scenarios such as ships, high-rise buildings, and large commercial buildings.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the technical field of spray device technology, specifically relating to a retractable spray head with a one-way sealing function. Background Technology

[0002] With the development of building technology, high-rise buildings and large commercial buildings are constantly emerging, placing higher demands on fire safety. For example, large shopping malls typically use glass as fire-resistant partitions, but glass is easily broken and detached during a fire, affecting personnel evacuation and fire fighting, and increasing the spread of fire. Traditional fire sprinklers, while providing some fire prevention and cooling, suffer from problems such as unsatisfactory fire and smoke isolation effects, high water consumption, and significant damage to merchandise in the mall. Therefore, it is necessary to develop more efficient fire sprinklers to solve these problems.

[0003] Most fire sprinkler systems currently on the market only have the ability to spray water for fire extinguishing, making their function relatively simple. Furthermore, most sprinklers are installed outside decorative panels, resulting in poor aesthetics. More importantly, these sprinklers generally lack reliable sealing performance. After the sprinkler system stops, residual liquid in the pipes can easily leak out from the sprinkler, causing secondary damage to equipment and property, and posing additional risks to the on-site environment and property safety. They fail to meet the practical and safety requirements of modern buildings for fire sprinklers. Summary of the Invention

[0004] In view of one or more of the above-mentioned defects or improvement needs of the prior art, the present invention provides a retractable nozzle with a one-way sealing function, which can automatically extend to spray water when water is supplied and automatically retract when water is stopped, and can achieve a reliable one-way seal in the retracted state to prevent residual liquid in the pipeline from flowing out.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides a retractable nozzle with a one-way sealing function, comprising an end cap, a cylinder, a piston, a spring, and a nozzle; The end cap has an axial through hole in the middle, and the cylinder has a front flow channel at one end and an inner hole at the other end that is coaxially connected to the end cap. The piston is axially slidably disposed in the inner hole of the cylinder. It includes a piston rod and a piston part. The piston rod passes through the axial through hole and slides with it. A nozzle is provided at the end away from the piston part. A liquid flow channel is opened in the center of the piston rod. The outer peripheral surface of the piston part slides with the inner wall of the cylinder. The spring is sleeved on the outside of the piston rod, and its two ends abut against the end cap and the piston part, respectively. The piston section has a one-way valve receiving groove at one end facing the front flow channel. The groove contains a valve seat, a valve core, a one-way valve spring, and a spring seat in sequence along the liquid flow direction, which together constitute a one-way valve assembly for controlling the opening and closing of the front flow channel and the liquid flow channel. The valve core and the valve seat cooperate to form a sealing structure, and the valve core has a through flow channel slot that communicates with the valve seat and the spring seat to form a liquid flow transition channel. The two ends of the one-way valve spring abut against the spring seat and the valve core, respectively. When the pre-flow channel supplies water, the water pressure pushes the piston to compress the spring, causing the nozzle to extend and simultaneously opening the sealing structure of the one-way valve assembly to open the liquid path; when the water supply stops, the spring drives the nozzle to retract, and the one-way valve assembly re-seals.

[0006] As a further improvement of the present invention, the one-way valve receiving groove is a stepped groove; The valve seat is threaded to the slot end of the one-way valve receiving groove, and its stepped surface abuts against the top surface of the stepped groove to form an axial limit. The valve seat is provided with a through central hole in the axial direction, which is coaxially connected with the front flow channel of the cylinder. The end of the central hole away from the valve core is an internal hexagonal hole section. The spring seat is a stepped annular structure, with one end abutting against the stepped bottom surface of the one-way valve receiving groove, and the other end having a boss. It has a through central hole in its axial direction, which is coaxially connected to the liquid flow channel of the piston. The valve core has a cone valve structure, with one side facing the valve seat being cone-shaped and forming a seal with the center hole of the valve seat, and the other side having a spring receiving groove; the one-way valve spring abuts against the boss of the spring seat and the spring receiving groove of the valve core respectively.

[0007] As a further improvement of the present invention, the axial through hole of the end cap is an irregularly shaped guide hole structure, and the inner wall of the irregularly shaped guide hole is machined with an anti-rotation plane; the outer peripheral surface of the piston rod is correspondingly machined with a matching anti-rotation plane, and the piston rod passes through the irregularly shaped guide hole to form a circumferential anti-rotation structure.

[0008] As a further improvement of the present invention, one end of the cylinder is threadedly connected to the end cover, and the other end is connected to an external water supply pipeline; the end of the end cover away from the cylinder is provided with a mounting flange.

[0009] As a further improvement of the present invention, the outer cylindrical surface of the cylinder is machined with a symmetrical flat surface, which serves as the force application part of the wrench holder.

[0010] As a further improvement of the present invention, the end cap is provided with an exhaust hole that connects the spring mounting cavity and the outside. The exhaust hole includes an axial hole and an oblique hole that are interconnected. The axial hole leads to the spring mounting cavity, and the oblique hole leads to the radial inner wall surface of the end cap.

[0011] As a further improvement of the present invention, a static sealing ring is provided between the abutting end faces of the end cap and the cylinder barrel, and a dynamic sealing ring is provided between the outer peripheral surface of the piston portion and the inner wall of the cylinder barrel; and / or, An annular groove is provided at the part of the end cap where the axial through hole contacts the piston rod of the piston, and a first guide support ring is installed in the annular groove; an annular groove is provided at the part of the outer circumference of the piston part of the piston where it contacts the inner wall of the cylinder, and a second guide support ring is installed in the annular groove.

[0012] As a further improvement of the present invention, the nozzle and the piston rod are connected by a threaded connection at the end away from the piston part; a water curtain spray groove is opened on the outer peripheral surface of the nozzle, and spray holes are arranged on the end face; or, the nozzle and the piston are an integral structure, and a water curtain spray groove is opened directly on the side of the piston at the end away from the piston part, and spray holes are arranged on the end face of that end. The water curtain spray channel and spray orifice are connected to the liquid flow channel of the piston.

[0013] As a further improvement of the present invention, in the non-working state, the end face of the piston rod away from the piston part is flush with the mounting surface of the nozzle.

[0014] As a further improvement of the present invention, the spring is a wave spring.

[0015] In summary, the technical solutions conceived by this invention have the following beneficial effects compared with the prior art: (1) The present invention drives the piston to extend and retract and the one-way valve assembly to open synchronously by water pressure. When water is supplied, the water pressure can simultaneously push the piston to compress the spring to extend the nozzle, and simultaneously open the one-way valve assembly to complete the liquid circuit connection, so as to achieve a rapid response of the spraying action. In the non-working state, the spring resets and drives the nozzle to retract automatically. At the same time, the pre-tightening force of the one-way valve spring pushes the valve core and the valve seat to fit tightly together, forming a reliable one-way sealing structure, which completely isolates the cylinder front flow channel and the piston rod liquid flow channel, effectively preventing residual liquid leakage in the pipeline and avoiding secondary damage to the equipment and environment caused by residual liquid leakage.

[0016] (2) The reset spring sleeved on the outside of the piston rod and the sealing spring in the one-way valve assembly are independent in function. The preload of the two can be designed independently and precisely according to the nozzle extension and sealing requirements. This solves the problem of force contradiction caused by a single spring simultaneously taking into account extension and sealing. It ensures that the nozzle extends and resets smoothly under rated water pressure, and ensures that the one-way sealing structure always has sufficient and stable clamping force, which greatly improves the smoothness of nozzle operation and the reliability of sealing.

[0017] (3) The one-way sealing anti-drip water curtain nozzle of the present invention adopts an anti-rotation end cap and an anti-rotation plane matching structure of the piston, which prevents relative rotation between the piston and the cylinder, avoids problems such as loose threads and misalignment of sealing surfaces, and achieves precise sliding guidance of the piston through the first and second guide support rings, reducing the risk of friction jamming and improving the structural stability and working reliability of the nozzle.

[0018] (4) The one-way valve assembly of the present invention is integrated inside the piston part of the piston, forming an integrated structure with the piston. The overall layout is compact and effectively saves the installation space inside the cylinder. At the same time, the liquid forms a coaxial straight-through liquid flow transition channel through the valve seat, the valve core flow channel groove, and the spring seat axial through hole. The flow channel has no backflow and low flow resistance. Combined with the liquid flow channel in the center of the piston rod, it can realize the efficient flow of liquid from the cylinder to the nozzle, ensuring the spray flow rate and spray effect.

[0019] (5) The one-way sealing anti-drip water curtain nozzle of the present invention adopts threaded connection and wrench locking structure for each component, which is convenient for disassembly and maintenance, suitable for on-site maintenance conditions of ships, and the overall structure has high coaxiality, and the assembly accuracy is easy to ensure, making it suitable for mass production.

[0020] (6) The present invention can achieve large-area water spraying through multiple water curtain spray slots on the nozzle, with a wider spray range. At the same time, the fine mist particles formed by the spray holes are sprayed towards the core area of ​​the fire source, and the fire is quickly extinguished by the cooling and suffocation effects of the water mist, truly achieving 360° full-range coverage. Attached Figure Description

[0021] Figure 1 This is a cross-sectional structural diagram of the nozzle in the closed state according to an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a cross-sectional structural diagram of the nozzle in the open state according to an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 3 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the nozzle in the closed state according to an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the piston structure according to an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the end cap structure according to an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the spring seat structure according to an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the one-way valve spring structure according to an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the valve core structure according to an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the valve seat structure according to an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram of the nozzle structure according to an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 11 This is a schematic diagram of the waveform spring structure according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0022] In all the accompanying drawings, the same reference numerals denote the same technical features, specifically: 1, nozzle; 2, end cap; 3, cylinder; 4, spring; 5, piston; 6, spring seat; 7, one-way valve spring; 8, valve core; 9, valve seat; 10, first guide support ring; 11, second guide support ring; 12, exhaust port; 13, sealing ring. Detailed Implementation

[0023] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of this invention clearer, the invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative and not intended to limit the invention. Furthermore, the technical features involved in the various embodiments of this invention described below can be combined with each other as long as they do not conflict with each other.

[0024] In the description of this invention, it should be understood that the terms "center," "longitudinal," "lateral," "length," "width," "thickness," "upper," "lower," "front," "rear," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "top," "bottom," "inner," "outer," "clockwise," "counterclockwise," "axial," "radial," and "circumferential" indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. They are used only for the convenience of describing this invention and simplifying the description, and are not intended to indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on this invention.

[0025] Furthermore, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one of that feature. In the description of this invention, "a plurality of" means at least two, such as two, three, etc., unless otherwise explicitly specified.

[0026] In this invention, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "installation," "connection," "linking," and "fixing," etc., should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral part; they can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; they can refer to the internal communication of two components or the interaction between two components, unless otherwise explicitly limited. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this invention according to the specific circumstances.

[0027] In this invention, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, "above" or "below" the second feature can mean that the first feature is in direct contact with the second feature, or that the first feature is in indirect contact with the second feature through an intermediate medium. Furthermore, "above," "over," and "on top" of the second feature can mean that the first feature is directly above or diagonally above the second feature, or simply that the first feature is at a higher horizontal level than the second feature. "Below," "below," and "under" the second feature can mean that the first feature is directly below or diagonally below the second feature, or simply that the first feature is at a lower horizontal level than the second feature.

[0028] Please see Figures 1 to 10 This invention provides a retractable nozzle with a one-way sealing function, comprising an end cap 2 and a cylinder 3. The end cap 2 has an axial through hole in the middle. One end of the cylinder 3 has a front flow channel, and the other end has an inner hole coaxially connected to the end cap 2. The inner hole of the cylinder 3 is provided with a piston 5 that can slide along its axial direction. The piston 5 includes a piston rod and a piston part at one end. A spring 4 is sleeved on the outside of the piston rod. The two ends of the spring 4 abut against the inner end faces of the end cap 2 and the piston part, respectively. In its natural state, the spring 4 provides a spring force to move the piston 5 toward the front flow channel side of the cylinder 3. A liquid flow channel is opened in the center of the piston rod, and the piston rod passes through the axial through hole of the end cap 2 and slides with the through hole. A nozzle 1 is provided at the end away from the piston part. The outer peripheral surface of the piston part slides with the inner wall of the cylinder 3. A one-way valve assembly is provided inside the piston part, and the one-way valve assembly connects the front flow channel of the cylinder and the liquid flow channel of the piston rod.

[0029] When the nozzle is not in operation, the one-way valve assembly seals and isolates the liquid flow channel of the cylinder 3 from the liquid flow channel of the piston rod. After water is introduced into the front flow channel, the one-way valve assembly automatically opens, enabling the two to connect in the liquid path. At the same time, the water pressure synchronously pushes the piston 5 to compress the spring 4, causing the nozzle 1 to extend. After the water supply stops, the spring 4 resets and drives the nozzle 1 to retract. At the same time, the one-way valve assembly reseals the liquid path.

[0030] In a preferred embodiment, the piston end of the piston 5, facing the front flow channel of the cylinder, has a one-way valve receiving groove. The one-way valve assembly includes a valve seat 9, a valve core 8, a one-way valve spring 7, and a spring seat 6, which are sequentially housed in the one-way valve receiving groove along the liquid flow direction. The side of the valve core 8 facing the valve seat 9 can be adapted to the valve seat 9 to form a sealing structure, and a through flow channel slot is opened in the center of the valve core 8. This flow channel slot, together with the valve seat 9 and the spring seat 6, forms a liquid flow transition channel. The one-way valve spring 4 is in an axially pre-compressed state, with its two ends abutting against the spring seat 6 and the valve core 8, respectively, providing a continuous sealing pre-tightening force for the valve core 8. When the nozzle is not working, the valve core 8 is pressed against the valve seat 9 to form a reliable seal. When water flows through the front flow channel of the cylinder 3, the water pressure can push the valve core 8 to move against the pre-tightening force of the one-way valve spring 4, thereby opening the sealing structure and realizing the liquid circuit conduction.

[0031] More preferably, the one-way valve receiving groove is a stepped groove, and the valve seat 9 is screwed into the internal thread at one end of the one-way valve receiving groove via an external thread, with the stepped surface of the valve seat 9 abutting against the top surface of the stepped groove to form an axial limit. A through-hole is provided at the axial center of the valve seat 9, which is coaxially connected to the front flow channel of the cylinder 3. More specifically, the end of the central hole opposite to the valve core 8 is a through-hole section with an internal hexagonal structure, serving both as a fastening force application point for valve seat assembly and as a fluid flow channel connected to the remaining section of the central hole. More specifically, a sealing groove is also provided on the outer circumferential surface of the valve seat 9, and a sealing ring 13 is installed in the sealing groove to achieve static sealing.

[0032] The spring seat 6 has a stepped annular structure. One end of it abuts against the bottom surface of the stepped groove of the one-way valve receiving groove, and the other end is provided with a boss surface. A through central hole is opened in its axial center, which is coaxially connected with the liquid flow channel of the piston 5.

[0033] The valve core 8 has a cone valve structure, with a cone-shaped structure on the side facing the valve seat 9, which can form a seal (preferably a line seal) with the center hole of the valve seat 9. A spring receiving groove is provided on the other side of the valve core 8. One end of the one-way valve spring 4 abuts against the boss surface of the spring seat 6, and the other end abuts against the spring receiving groove of the spring seat 6.

[0034] This invention employs a dual-spring system. The main return spring 4 is solely responsible for the piston's extension, retraction, and return, while the one-way valve spring 7 is solely responsible for the sealing and pressing of the valve core against the valve seat. The piston's extension and retraction movements and sealing actions are completely independent. The one-way valve assembly is an independent, built-in sealing unit. The one-way valve spring 7 only undergoes a slight displacement with the valve core's on / off state, providing a stable sealing force quickly from the moment water supply stops. Furthermore, the reverse water pressure further presses the valve core against the valve seat, creating a self-increasing sealing force effect, making it suitable for complex operating conditions with large water pressure fluctuations, such as fire fighting and shipboard applications. Simultaneously, due to the minimal displacement of the valve core, the return impact force is buffered and absorbed by the one-way valve spring 7, preventing it from being transmitted to the sealing surface. This avoids hard wear and deformation of the sealing surface, ensuring long-term stable sealing performance.

[0035] In addition, the two springs function independently, which makes them more fault-tolerant. If the main reset spring 4 fails, it will only cause the nozzle to be unable to extend or retract, while the one-way valve spring 7 can still ensure that the sealing structure works normally and the residual liquid in the pipeline will not leak. If the one-way valve spring 7 fails, only the sealing function will be affected, while the main reset spring 4 can still ensure the extension and retraction of the nozzle. In emergency situations, the nozzle can still extend and spray normally, ensuring the realization of the core function.

[0036] In one embodiment shown in the accompanying drawings of the present invention, the end of the piston rod of the nozzle 1 away from the piston part is connected by a threaded engagement. Specifically, this end of the piston rod is provided with an external thread that matches the internal thread on the inner side of the nozzle 1; a water curtain spray groove is formed on the outer peripheral surface of the nozzle 1, and spray holes are arranged on its end face. The water curtain spray groove and the spray holes are all connected to the liquid flow channel of the piston rod of the piston 5, so as to realize the synchronous spraying of water curtain and water mist.

[0037] In another embodiment of the present invention, the nozzle 1 and the piston 5 are designed as an integral structure. A water curtain spray groove is directly opened on the side of the piston 5 away from the piston part, and spray holes are arranged on the end face of the end. The water curtain spray groove and the spray holes are also connected to the liquid flow channel of the piston 5, which simplifies the overall assembly structure while ensuring the realization of the water curtain spray function.

[0038] More specifically, the outer circumferential surface of nozzle 1 has four water curtain spray grooves, with the angle between the water curtain spray grooves and the axis of nozzle 1 being 3°~6°, and the sum of the angles of the four water curtain spray grooves in the circumferential direction being 360°. The length-to-diameter ratio of the spray orifice is 2~4, and the diameter is 0.5mm~1.5mm. The end faces of the water curtain spray grooves and spray orifices are provided with 90° conical countersunk holes. The inner wall of nozzle 1 is provided with a sealing groove, and a sealing ring 13 is installed to achieve static sealing with the piston rod.

[0039] In a preferred embodiment, the inner circumferential surface of the cylinder 3 near the end cover 2 is machined with an internal thread, which matches the external thread of the corresponding end of the end cover 2, achieving a coaxial threaded connection between the two; the outer circumferential surface of the cylinder 3 away from the end cover 2 is machined with an external thread for connection with an external water supply pipeline. More preferably, the outer cylindrical surface of the cylinder 3 is also machined with a symmetrical flat surface, which serves as a force application part for wrench locking, facilitating the installation, tightening, disassembly, and maintenance of the cylinder 3.

[0040] In a preferred embodiment, the outer circumferential surface of the end cap 2 near the cylinder 3 is machined with external threads, which match the internal threads of the corresponding end of the cylinder 3; the end of the end cap 2 away from the cylinder 3 is integrally formed with a mounting flange, and the end of the cylinder 3 near the end cap 2 axially abuts against the inner end face of the mounting flange of the end cap 2; the mounting flange is provided with bolt mounting slots, and the nozzle is assembled and fixed by bolts. For example, when the nozzle of the present invention is used in a ship hull, it can be fixed as a whole to the mounting hole plate on the inner wall of the ship cabin by bolts.

[0041] In a preferred embodiment, the axial through hole of the end cap 2 is a non-circular guide hole structure, and the inner wall of the non-circular guide hole is machined with an anti-rotation plane; the outer circumferential surface of the piston rod of the piston 5 is correspondingly machined with a matching anti-rotation plane, and the piston rod passes through the non-circular guide hole. The two form a circumferential anti-rotation structure through the fit of the anti-rotation plane, which can limit the relative rotation between the piston 5 and the cylinder 3, and ensure that the piston 5 only slides along the axial direction of the cylinder 3 without circumferential rotation.

[0042] This invention employs an integrated anti-rotation end cap, with an anti-rotation guide hole directly inside the end cap, precisely matching the anti-rotation plane of the piston rod section, eliminating the need for a separate anti-rotation guide sleeve. On one hand, the anti-rotation guide surface is directly integrated into the end cap, resulting in a smaller clearance and more reliable anti-rotation effect, completely preventing relative rotation between the piston and cylinder, and preventing loosening of threaded connections and misalignment of sealing surfaces. On the other hand, it simplifies the number of parts, reduces assembly steps, lowers assembly errors, and improves the coaxiality of the overall structure.

[0043] In a preferred embodiment, a static sealing ring 13 is provided between the abutting end faces of the end cap 2 and the cylinder 3, and a dynamic sealing ring 13 is provided between the outer peripheral surface of the piston portion of the piston 5 and the inner wall of the cylinder 3, so that the piston 5 forms a dynamic sealing sliding connection within the cylinder 3, ensuring the overall sealing performance of the nozzle and preventing liquid leakage. More specifically, sealing grooves are respectively provided on the end face of the cylinder 3 near the end cap 2 and on the outer peripheral surface of the piston portion of the piston 5 for installing the corresponding sealing rings 13.

[0044] In a preferred embodiment, an annular groove is formed at the point where the axial through hole of the end cap 2 contacts the piston rod of the piston 5, and a first guide support ring 10 is installed in the annular groove; an annular groove is formed at the point where the outer circumferential surface of the piston portion of the piston 5 contacts the inner wall of the cylinder 3, and a second guide support ring 11 is installed in the annular groove. That is, the first guide support ring 10 and the second guide support ring 11 are arranged at both ends of the piston 5, which can effectively limit the radial runout of the piston, ensure the linear sliding of the piston within the cylinder, avoid problems such as misalignment of the valve seat sealing surface and wear of the sealing ring caused by runout, and significantly reduce sliding friction, thereby improving the service life of the piston and cylinder.

[0045] In a preferred embodiment, since the spring 4 is installed in the sealed cavity formed by the end cap 2, the piston end of the piston 5, and the cylinder 3, to prevent the piston 5 from sliding and causing the spring 4 to be compressed, resulting in a closed cavity in the spring mounting cavity, an exhaust port 12 is provided on the end cap 2 to connect the spring 4 mounting cavity with the outside. The exhaust port 12 includes an axial hole and an oblique hole that communicate with each other. The axial hole leads to the spring mounting cavity, and the oblique hole leads to the radial inner wall surface of the end cap 2, so that the exhaust port is located on the radial inner wall surface of the end cap 2.

[0046] The vent 12 serves two purposes. First, it effectively prevents the spring mounting cavity from becoming a closed chamber. When the piston 5 slides axially along the cylinder 3, the air in the spring mounting cavity can be promptly discharged or drawn in through the vent, ensuring a balance of air pressure inside and outside the cavity. This avoids problems such as piston jamming or delayed reset due to air pressure resistance, ensuring smooth piston extension and retraction and improving the nozzle's working response speed. Second, the angled hole prevents backflow of water. After the nozzle stops running, residual liquid cannot flow back into the spring mounting cavity through the vent, preventing direct contact between liquid and spring, which could cause spring corrosion or failure. It also prevents liquid from accumulating in the cavity and forming scale, which could affect the fitting accuracy of the guide support ring and sealing ring.

[0047] In the preferred embodiment, spring 4 is a wave spring. Replacing the traditional cylindrical spring with a wave spring results in more stable restoring force, controllable deformation, and less installation space required, which is suitable for the compact structure design of the nozzle.

[0048] In a preferred embodiment, when not in operation, the end face of the piston rod of piston 5 away from the piston part is flush with the mounting surface (such as the surface of a ship's hull), effectively avoiding potential hazards such as bumps and damage caused by the protruding piston rod, thereby improving the overall safety of the spray system.

[0049] It should be noted that the end cap 2, spring 4, piston 5, first guide support ring 10, second guide support ring 11 and sealing ring 13 are all coaxial with cylinder 3.

[0050] like Figure 1 As shown, in the non-operating state, piston 5 is at the right end under the thrust of spring 4, and nozzle 1 retracts to be flush with the hull surface. At this time, valve core 8 is pressed tightly against valve seat 9 under the action of check valve spring 7, and the pipeline system is sealed.

[0051] like Figure 2 As shown, when a fire occurs, the fire suppression system is activated, and pressurized water enters through cylinder 3. The water pressure first acts on the bottom of piston 5 and valve core 8. When the water pressure is sufficient to overcome the preload of the one-way valve spring 7, the one-way valve opens, and water flows into the flow channel in the center of piston 5. At the same time, the water pressure continues to act on the end face of piston 5, generating a leftward thrust that pushes piston 5 to the left, compressing spring 4 and pushing nozzle 1 out of the hull. The water flows through the central flow channel of piston 5 into nozzle 1, forming a 360° water curtain through the water curtain spray channel, and forming a water mist through the spray holes, achieving rapid fire extinguishing and fire and smoke isolation.

[0052] After the fire is extinguished and the system water supply stops, the water pressure acting on piston 5 disappears, the compressed spring 4 releases its elasticity, pushes piston 5 to the right to reset, and nozzle 1 retracts to be flush with the surface of the hull; at the same time, check valve spring 7 pushes valve core 8 to reset, the check valve closes, and the seal is completed.

[0053] Those skilled in the art will readily understand that the above description is merely a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, and improvements made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A retractable shower head having a one-way sealing function, characterized by, Includes end caps, cylinder, piston, spring, and nozzle; The end cap has an axial through hole in the middle, and the cylinder has a front flow channel at one end and an inner hole at the other end that is coaxially connected to the end cap. The piston is axially slidably disposed in the inner hole of the cylinder. It includes a piston rod and a piston part. The piston rod passes through the axial through hole and slides with it. A nozzle is provided at the end away from the piston part. A liquid flow channel is opened in the center of the piston rod. The outer peripheral surface of the piston part slides with the inner wall of the cylinder. The spring is sleeved on the outside of the piston rod, and its two ends abut against the end cap and the piston part, respectively. The piston section has a one-way valve receiving groove at one end facing the front flow channel. The groove contains a valve seat, a valve core, a one-way valve spring, and a spring seat in sequence along the liquid flow direction, which together constitute a one-way valve assembly for controlling the opening and closing of the front flow channel and the liquid flow channel. The valve core and the valve seat cooperate to form a sealing structure, and the valve core has a through flow channel slot that communicates with the valve seat and the spring seat to form a liquid flow transition channel. The two ends of the one-way valve spring abut against the spring seat and the valve core, respectively. When the pre-flow channel supplies water, the water pressure pushes the piston to compress the spring, causing the nozzle to extend and simultaneously opening the sealing structure of the one-way valve assembly to open the liquid path; when the water supply stops, the spring drives the nozzle to retract, and the one-way valve assembly re-seals.

2. The retractable showerhead having a one-way sealing function according to claim 1, wherein The one-way valve receiving groove is a stepped groove; The valve seat is threaded to the slot end of the one-way valve receiving groove, and its stepped surface abuts against the top surface of the stepped groove to form an axial limit. The valve seat is provided with a through central hole in the axial direction, which is coaxially connected with the front flow channel of the cylinder. The end of the central hole away from the valve core is an internal hexagonal hole section. The spring seat is a stepped annular structure, with one end abutting against the stepped bottom surface of the one-way valve receiving groove, and the other end having a boss. It has a through central hole in its axial direction, which is coaxially connected to the liquid flow channel of the piston. The valve core has a cone valve structure, with one side facing the valve seat being cone-shaped and forming a seal with the center hole of the valve seat, and the other side having a spring receiving groove; the one-way valve spring abuts against the boss of the spring seat and the spring receiving groove of the valve core respectively.

3. The retractable nozzle with one-way sealing function according to claim 1, characterized in that, The axial through hole of the end cap is an irregularly shaped guide hole structure, and the inner wall of the irregularly shaped guide hole is machined with an anti-rotation plane; the outer peripheral surface of the piston rod is correspondingly machined with a matching anti-rotation plane, and the piston rod passes through the irregularly shaped guide hole to form a circumferential anti-rotation structure.

4. The retractable nozzle with one-way sealing function according to any one of claims 1-3, characterized in that, One end of the cylinder is threaded to the end cover, and the other end is connected to an external water supply pipeline; the end of the end cover away from the cylinder is provided with a mounting flange.

5. The retractable nozzle with one-way sealing function according to any one of claims 1-3, characterized in that, The outer cylindrical surface of the cylinder is machined with symmetrical flat surfaces, which serve as the force application area for the wrench locking mechanism.

6. The retractable nozzle with one-way sealing function according to any one of claims 1-3, characterized in that, The end cap is provided with an exhaust hole that connects the spring mounting cavity and the outside. The exhaust hole includes an axial hole and an oblique hole that are interconnected. The axial hole leads to the spring mounting cavity, and the oblique hole leads to the radial inner wall surface of the end cap.

7. The retractable nozzle with one-way sealing function according to any one of claims 1-3, characterized in that, A static sealing ring is provided between the abutting end face of the end cap and the cylinder barrel, and a dynamic sealing ring is provided between the outer peripheral surface of the piston part and the inner wall of the cylinder barrel; and / or, An annular groove is provided at the part of the end cap where the axial through hole contacts the piston rod of the piston, and a first guide support ring is installed in the annular groove; an annular groove is provided at the part of the outer circumference of the piston part of the piston where it contacts the inner wall of the cylinder, and a second guide support ring is installed in the annular groove.

8. The retractable nozzle with one-way sealing function according to any one of claims 1-3, characterized in that, The nozzle and piston rod are connected by a threaded connection at the end away from the piston part; a water curtain spray groove is opened on the outer peripheral surface of the nozzle, and spray holes are arranged on the end face; or, the nozzle and piston are an integral structure, and a water curtain spray groove is opened directly on the side of the piston at the end away from the piston part, and spray holes are arranged on the end face of that end. The water curtain spray channel and spray orifice are connected to the liquid flow channel of the piston.

9. The retractable nozzle with one-way sealing function according to any one of claims 1-3, characterized in that, When not in operation, the end face of the piston rod away from the piston part is flush with the mounting surface of the nozzle.

10. The retractable nozzle with one-way sealing function according to any one of claims 1-3, characterized in that, The spring is a wave spring.

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