Numerical control ceramic denture processing equipment and method

Abstract

This invention belongs to the field of ceramic denture manufacturing technology, specifically relating to a CNC ceramic denture processing equipment and method. The equipment includes a housing, inside which a cutting spindle and XYZ coordinate axes for moving the cutting spindle are arranged. It also includes a tool magazine penetrating the housing. Outside the housing are a traversing mechanism for moving the tool magazine, a sealing plate for covering the tool magazine opening, and a winding chamber for storing the sealing plate. A negative pressure dust extraction port is located at the bottom of the tool magazine and is connected to a cooling duct penetrating the tool magazine. During tool changes, the tool magazine and the negative pressure dust extraction port enter the housing, using the negative pressure port to attract dust. A cleaning brush is located inside the tool magazine; simultaneously, the tool magazine drives the cleaning brush to rub against the cutting spindle. This invention can attract and sweep away dust during internal tool changes, and isolate the tool magazine from the housing during external tool recycling, ensuring that internal and external tool changes do not interfere with each other, thus facilitating dust reduction and suppression.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of ceramic denture manufacturing technology, specifically relating to a CNC ceramic denture processing equipment and method. Background Technology

[0002] The CNC machining method for ceramic dentures relies on high-precision CNC equipment and digital technology to achieve efficient manufacturing through material selection, model design, path planning, processing implementation and post-processing. It mainly uses an oral scanner to obtain the patient's dental data, imports it into CAD software (such as Exocad, 3Shape) to design a three-dimensional model of the denture, then puts it into a CNC machine tool for rough and fine machining to make a blank, then puts it into a precision engraving machine to trim the shape, and finally performs surface treatment.

[0003] When preparing ceramic dentures, the main component of the blank is zirconium oxide, which is prone to generating dust during cutting and generally requires dust prevention treatment. According to a search, for example, a Chinese invention with announcement number CN112277048B is a dustproof denture processing machine. It uses a separator to separate the processing chamber and the guide rail chamber, which can prevent dust and powder from entering the guide rail chamber through various gaps, thus avoiding the problem of affecting the service life and processing accuracy of the processing machine. Then, the cooling air is guided to the guide rail chamber through the air guiding device.

[0004] When CNC machining equipment is running, the high hardness of ceramic materials causes the cutting tools to wear out quickly. An external tool magazine makes tool replacement convenient and also facilitates the miniaturization of the machining chamber. However, opening the tool magazine causes dust to escape. In addition, it is forbidden to spray water to wet the tool magazine during tool changing, which is not conducive to dust reduction. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of this invention is to provide a CNC ceramic denture processing equipment and method that can attract and sweep away dust during internal tool changing and isolate the tool chamber from the housing during external old tool recycling, so that internal and external tool changing does not interfere with each other, which is beneficial to dust reduction and suppression.

[0006] The specific technical solution adopted by this invention is as follows: A CNC ceramic denture machining equipment includes a housing, wherein a cutting spindle and XYZ coordinate axes for moving the cutting spindle are disposed inside the housing, and further includes: A tool magazine extends through the housing, and the outside of the housing is provided with a traversing mechanism for moving the tool magazine, a sealing sheet for covering the opening of the tool magazine, and a winding chamber for storing the sealing sheet; The negative pressure dust suction port is located at the bottom of the tool chamber and is connected to a cooling air duct that runs through the tool chamber. When changing tools, the tool chamber and the negative pressure dust suction port enter the housing and the negative pressure dust suction port is used to attract dust. A cleaning brush is located inside the tool magazine. The tool magazine drives the cleaning brush to rub the cutting spindle and sweep off the attached materials. When the tool change is completed, the tool chamber and the negative pressure dust suction port move out of the housing, causing the cleaning brush to adhere to the inner wall of the housing and avoid the cutting spindle.

[0007] As an alternative, the opening of the tool magazine is provided with threaded holes and guide strips at intervals, the surface of the sealing sheet is provided with a guide plate aligned with the tool magazine, a locking bolt passing through the guide plate, two parallel grooves, and a magnetic strip located inside the grooves, and the winding chamber is provided with winding rollers for winding the sealing sheet and extrusion rollers for extruding the sealing sheet at intervals.

[0008] As an alternative, the tool magazine is vertically arranged with a heat-conducting plate, a limiting ring for supporting the cooling air duct, a water-blocking ring at the port of the cooling air duct, and a drain outlet that avoids the cooling air duct. When changing tools, the airflow of the cooling air duct carries away the heat from the tool magazine, thereby achieving heat dissipation.

[0009] As an alternative, an elastic band connects the cleaning brush and the housing. An inner rib and a sponge sleeve that wraps around the inner rib are fixed to the outside of the cleaning brush. When changing the tool, the sponge sleeve rubs against the cutting spindle to adsorb dust.

[0010] As an alternative, the housing has an exchange channel for the tool magazine to pass through. The bottom of the exchange channel is fixed with a slide rail for the tool magazine to slide. When the tool change is finished, the tool magazine blocks the exchange channel. The operator removes the sealing plate and opens the tool magazine from the outside to replace the spare tool.

[0011] As an alternative, the transverse mechanism includes two alloy flanges disposed at the bottom of the tool magazine and a horizontal cylinder located between the two alloy flanges, wherein one of the alloy flanges is fixed to the outside of the housing; When the horizontal cylinder rod extends, it drives the tool magazine away from the cutting spindle; When the horizontal cylinder rod retracts, it drives the tool magazine to move closer to the cutting spindle.

[0012] As an optional solution, the tool magazine is vertically arranged with a bearing bracket, a rotary motor connected to the bearing bracket, a belt, a support wheel for supporting the belt, and a tool holder connected to the belt.

[0013] As an alternative, the bottom of the tool holder is vertically arranged with a foot support, two metal rings connected to the foot support, a support ball located between the two metal rings, and a slide rail connected to the tool magazine.

[0014] As an alternative, the housing is vertically arranged with a feed rail, a worktable, and a bearing seat mounted on the worktable. Arc-shaped clamps and servo motors for rotating the arc-shaped clamps are respectively arranged on both sides of the bearing seat.

[0015] A method for machining CNC ceramic dentures includes the following steps: Step 1, Clamping: Open the door, bond the ceramic blank to the substrate, clamp it onto the fixture, calibrate the reference surface, and then close the door; Step 2: Set parameters: Preset the program to realize the movement of the three coordinate axes XYZ. Set the spindle speed, feed rate and depth of cut. Through five-axis linkage, make the cutting spindle tool contact the ceramic blank on the substrate at a fixed point to perform roughing and finishing respectively. Step 3, Internal Tool Change: Stop the cutting spindle, start the transverse mechanism to push the tool magazine closer to the cutting spindle in the forward direction, and move the cutting spindle to align with the empty part of the tool magazine. Drop the old tool into the tool magazine, then move the cutting spindle to fit the tool holder of the new tool, start the negative pressure suction, lock it, and complete the tool change. Step 4, Negative Pressure Suction: Activate negative pressure conditions and use the negative pressure dust suction port to attract dust. Collect the filtered dust in the filter canister to prevent clogging. Use the airflow from the cooling duct to remove heat from the blade chamber and achieve heat dissipation. Step 5, Dust Removal: The blade magazine drives the cleaning brush to move laterally, rubbing against the cutting spindle and sweeping off the attached material. Two sets of cleaning brushes simultaneously contact the cutting spindle from both sides to match the curvature of the cutting spindle. Step 6, External Tool Change: Move the tool magazine in the opposite direction using the transverse mechanism until it is separated from the housing, then remove the sealing plate to open the tool magazine from the outside and replace the spare tool, thus isolating the internal tool change from the external tool change.

[0016] The technical effects achieved by this invention are as follows: In the process of preparing ceramic denture blanks, this invention utilizes an external tool chamber that slides into the housing for tool changing. This external chamber also brings in a negative pressure suction port and a cleaning brush, which respectively attract and sweep away dust. The negative pressure airflow also dissipates heat from the tool chamber. After tool changing, the negative pressure suction port is removed and the cleaning brush is hidden. This design is well-organized, does not occupy cutting space, and seals the tool chamber and negative pressure suction port. When old tools are recycled externally, the tool chamber is isolated from the housing, thus not affecting the cutting process. Tool changing inside and outside does not interfere with each other, which is beneficial for dust reduction and suppression.

[0017] When the tool magazine slides, the locking bolts, in conjunction with the threaded hole locking guide plate, allow the tool magazine to pull the sealing sheet out of the winding chamber. As the grooves engage with the guide strip, the magnetic strip and the guide strip attract each other, causing the sealing sheet to adhere to the tool magazine, thereby automatically sealing the tool magazine and maintaining a tight seal without the need for manual application of the sealing sheet.

[0018] The cleaning brushes of this invention are configured in two sets, which can simultaneously contact the cutting spindle from both sides, resulting in a larger cleaning area and removing as much dust as possible from the cutting spindle. The dust is adsorbed by rubbing the cutting spindle with the sponge sleeve. In addition, the inner rib is made of shape memory alloy or aluminum alloy, which can be bent more flexibly to conform to the curvature of the cutting spindle. When the tool change is finished, the elastic band drives the cleaning brush to stick to the inner wall of the housing, thus hiding it and avoiding the cutting spindle, freeing up space for cutting.

[0019] This invention improves the tool changing process based on traditional five-axis machine tools, effectively reducing dust emissions and separating internal and external tool changing for orderly operation, greatly reducing pollution to the external environment; only an external tool magazine is needed, so that cutting operations in all five axes are concentrated inside the housing, resulting in a smaller overall equipment size. Attached Figure Description

[0020] Figure 1 This is a front view of a CNC ceramic denture processing equipment in the closed state according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a front view of a CNC ceramic denture processing equipment in the open state according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention; Figure 3 This is a side view of a CNC ceramic denture processing equipment in the closed state according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention; Figure 4 This is a rear view of the XYZ coordinate axes in Embodiment 1 of the present invention; Figure 5 This is a side view of the tool magazine in Embodiment 1 of the present invention; Figure 6 This is a cross-sectional view of the tool magazine in Embodiment 1 of the present invention; Figure 7 This is a side view of the cooling duct in Embodiment 1 of the present invention; Figure 8 This is a side view of the cleaning brush in the open state in Embodiment 1 of the present invention; Figure 9 This is a bottom view of the sealing sheet in Embodiment 1 of the present invention; Figure 10 This is a side view of the slide rail in Embodiment 1 of the present invention; Figure 11 This is a side view of the tool delivery mechanism in Embodiment 1 of the present invention; Figure 12 This is a front view of the tool holder in the tool-carrying state in Embodiment 1 of the present invention; Figure 13 This is a front view of the tool holder in an unloaded state according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention; Figure 14This is a front view of the feed rail in Embodiment 1 of the present invention; Figure 15 This is a system block diagram of the control panel in Embodiment 1 of the present invention; Figure 16 This is a flowchart of a CNC ceramic denture processing method according to Embodiment 2 of the present invention.

[0021] The attached diagram lists the components represented by each number as follows: 1. Housing; 101. Control Panel; 102. Door; 103. Emergency Stop Button; 2. Cutting Spindle; 201. X-axis Servo Track; 202. Y-axis Servo Track; 203. Z-axis Servo Track; 204. Coolant Injector; 3. Exchange Channel; 301. Guide Rail; 4. Tool Chamber; 401. Threaded Hole; 402. Guide Strip; 5. Sealing Plate; 501. Guide Plate; 502. Locking Bolt; 503. Groove; 504. Magnetic Belt; 6. Rewinding Chamber; 601. Winding Roller; 602. Extrusion Roller; 7. Negative Pressure Dust Suction Port; 8. 1. Cooling air duct; 9. Cleaning brush; 10. Heat conduction plate; 11. Limiting ring; 12. Water blocking ring; 13. Drain outlet; 14. Elastic band; 15. Inner rib; 16. Sponge sleeve; 17. Alloy flange; 18. Horizontal cylinder; 19. Bearing bracket; 20. Belt; 21. Support wheel; 22. Rotary motor; 23. Tool holder; 24. Foot rest; 25. Metal ring; 26. Support ball; 27. Slide rail; 28. Feed rail; 29. ​​Worktable; 30. Bearing seat; 31. Servo motor; 32. Arc-shaped clamp; 33. Airtight gasket. Detailed Implementation

[0022] To make the objectives and advantages of this invention clearer, the invention will be specifically described below with reference to embodiments. It should be understood that the following text is merely used to describe one or more specific embodiments of the invention and does not strictly limit the scope of protection specifically claimed by the invention.

[0023] Example 1: like Figures 1-15 As shown, a CNC ceramic denture processing equipment includes a housing 1. Inside the housing 1, a cutting spindle 2 and X-axis servo guide rails 201, Y-axis servo guide rails 202, and Z-axis servo guide rails 203 for moving the cutting spindle 2 are arranged. After the ceramic blank is placed into the housing 1, a three-phase motor provides power, which is transmitted to the bearings of the cutting spindle 2 through a V-belt and gearbox, causing the tool holder and tool, which are held by negative pressure, to rotate, thereby cutting the ceramic blank. Cutting fluid is sprayed towards the cutting point by a cutting fluid nozzle 204 on the outside of the cutting spindle 2, and the cutting fluid carries away debris and heat, which can cool down and suppress dust.

[0024] See attached document Figure 1 , Figure 2 and Figure 4 During processing, the chamber door 102 is opened to allow the placement of ceramic blanks or the removal of finished blanks. In this embodiment, the movement of the cutting spindle 2, X-axis servo track 201, Y-axis servo track 202, and Z-axis servo track 203, as well as the opening and closing of the cutting fluid nozzle 204, are controlled by a preset program on the control panel 101. The cutting spindle 2 speed is set to 20,000 rpm to 40,000 rpm, the feed rate to 100 mm / min to 500 mm / min, and the cutting depth to 0.02 mm to 0.3 mm. (See also...) Figure 15 The system uses a servo driver (including a controller and power amplifier) ​​and a servo motor to receive commands and drive gears, ball screws, etc., to achieve movement along the XYZ axes. Encoders, sensors, and other devices monitor motor position, speed, and other parameters in real time and feed this information back to the control panel 101. A three-level closed-loop control system (position loop, speed loop, and current loop) is employed to progressively optimize motion accuracy. Specifically, the position loop (e.g., Proportional Integral Derivative, PID control) controls the final position, the speed loop adjusts the motion speed, and the current loop ensures torque stability. Rough machining can be performed first, using spiral milling or layer cutting strategies to quickly remove redundant parts with a large cutting depth (0.1mm~0.3mm), and cut into rough blanks, leaving a certain machining allowance; For further finishing, a small cutting depth (0.02mm~0.05mm) and a high speed of over 30,000rpm are used. Contour milling or five-axis linkage machining is used to achieve high surface precision (Ra≤0.8㎛) of the blank. If abnormal phenomena such as abnormal noise or breakage occur during the machining process, the emergency stop button 103 can be pressed manually to load the emergency stop program on the control panel 101 and stop the machine in time for manual inspection and maintenance.

[0025] See attached document Figure 2 , Figure 14 and Figure 15To achieve five-axis machining, this embodiment includes a feed rail 28, a worktable 29, and a bearing seat 30 mounted on the worktable 29 arranged vertically inside the housing 1. The parameters of the feed rail 28 are set via the control panel 101 to achieve linear motion along the fourth axis. Additionally, arc-shaped clamps 32 and servo motors 31 for rotating the arc-shaped clamps 32 are respectively arranged on both sides of the bearing seat 30. The parameters of the servo motors 31 are set via the control panel 101 to achieve rotational motion along the fifth axis. This is used to bond the ceramic blank to the substrate. After mounting, it can be clamped into the arc-shaped fixture 32. Since the worktable 29 is connected to the feed rail 28 and the bearing seat 30 by bolts, the servo motor 31 and the arc-shaped fixture 32 can move synchronously along the fourth axis, so that the five-axis linkage will not interfere. Moreover, the output end of the servo motor 31 is connected to the middle of the arc-shaped fixture 32 through the transmission shaft of the gearbox. An angle encoder is used to control the rotation angle to ensure accuracy and accurate docking with the three coordinate axes of XYZ, so that the cutting tool of the spindle 2 can make fixed-point contact with the ceramic blank on the substrate.

[0026] The cut blank is then placed on a precision engraving machine based on the patient's dental model to carve out its shape, making the product fit the patient's oral cavity better.

[0027] See attached document Figure 3 and Figure 10 In this embodiment, to facilitate tool replacement, an external tool magazine 4 is used, which penetrates the housing 1. An exchange channel 3 is provided on the back of the housing 1 for the tool magazine 4 to pass through, so that the tool magazine 4 can be partially inserted into the housing 1 when it is pushed, and the designated tool is sent into the housing 1. In addition, the bottom of the exchange channel 3 is fixed with a guide rail 301 for the tool magazine 4 to slide by bolts. When the tool magazine 4 is pushed, it can slide horizontally along the guide rail 301 using a perforated plate, so that the movement of the tool is more stable.

[0028] See attached document Figure 5 , Figure 6 and Figure 15 To facilitate the automated movement of the tool magazine 4, this embodiment provides two alloy flanges 17 and a horizontal cylinder 18 located between the two alloy flanges 17 at the bottom of the tool magazine 4. The horizontal cylinder 18 is controlled by the control panel 101. One of the alloy flanges 17 is fixed to the outside of the housing 1 by bolts, and the other alloy flange 17 is welded to the bottom surface of the tool magazine 4. Among them, the horizontal cylinder 18 uses an external compressor to blow clean air. The compressed air enters the cylinder and uses the gas pressure difference to drive the piston. When one side chamber (such as the rodless chamber) is filled with air, the other side chamber (the rod chamber) is filled with air, forming a pressure difference. The piston movement distance determines the output force. Moreover, the compressed air pressure directly affects the thrust. It usually needs to be calculated according to the load and the intake / exhaust speed needs to be adjusted by the throttle valve to avoid impact at the end of the stroke. When the cylinder rod of the horizontal cylinder 18 extends, it drives the tool magazine 4 away from the cutting spindle 2 until the opening of the tool magazine 4 overlaps with the opening of the exchange channel 3. The gap between the two is blocked by the airtight gasket 33 at the end of the tool magazine 4, and the housing 1 is closed. The cutting spindle 2 can then be started for milling, effectively preventing dust from overflowing. When the cutting tool wears out, it needs to be replaced frequently. During the replacement process, when the cylinder rod of the horizontal cylinder 18 retracts, it drives the tool magazine 4 to approach the cutting spindle 2 until the designated tool in the tool magazine 4 enters the housing 1. At this time, the cutting spindle 2 is moved along the XYZ coordinate axes to align with the empty part of the tool magazine 4, and the old tool is sent into the tool magazine 4. Then, the negative pressure suction of the cutting spindle 2 is turned off, causing the old tool to fall into the tool magazine 4. Then, the cutting spindle 2 is moved to fit the tool holder of the new tool, the negative pressure suction is activated, and locking is performed to complete the tool change. The cutting spindle 2 can be moved to reset, and the tool magazine 4 can leave the housing 1 and close the housing 1 again.

[0029] See attached document Figure 6 , Figure 11 and Figure 15 To automate tool transfer, this embodiment includes a bearing bracket 19, a rotary motor 22 connected to the bearing bracket 19, a belt 20, a support wheel 21 for supporting the belt 20, and a tool holder 23 connected to the belt 20, arranged vertically inside the tool magazine 4 as a tool transport mechanism. The bearing bracket 19 is bolted to the inner wall of the tool magazine 4, suspending the tool transport mechanism to prevent the tool from touching the bottom. The rotary motor 22 is controlled by the control panel 101 to intermittently drive the belt 20 and the support wheel 21. Under the monitoring of the angle encoder, the tool holder 23 is accurately positioned. The empty tool holder 23 is used to receive the old tool on the cutting spindle 2. After rotating again, the tool holder 23 carrying the new tool is aligned with the cutting spindle 2, so that when the cutting spindle 2 falls again, it can hold the new tool and is supported by the bearing bracket 19 to prevent tilting.

[0030] See attached document Figure 12 and Figure 13 Since the bottom of the tool holder 23 is vertically arranged with foot support 24, two metal rings 25 connected to the foot support 24, support ball 26 located between the two metal rings 25, and slide rail 27 welded to the tool magazine 4, the foot support 24 is fixed to the bottom of the tool holder 23 by welding, so that the metal rings 25 are stably suspended in the air, driving the support ball 26 to roll along the slide rail 27, thus bearing the weight vertically, without hindering the rotation of the belt 20.

[0031] See attached document Figure 3 and Figure 9In this embodiment, threaded holes 401 and guide bars 402 are provided at intervals at the opening of the tool magazine 4. The guide bars 402, made of magnetic metal, are parallel to the guide rail 301 and can play a certain limiting role. It also includes a sealing sheet 5 for covering the opening of the tool magazine 4 and a winding chamber 6 for storing the sealing sheet 5. In this way, during the sliding process of the tool magazine 4, its exposed part is always covered by the rubber sealing sheet 5, while the excess part of the sealing sheet 5 is accommodated in the winding chamber 6, which will not hinder the movement of the tool magazine 4. The take-up bin 6 is provided with a winding roller 601 for winding the sealing sheet 5 and a pressing roller 602 for pressing the sealing sheet 5. During the winding process of the sealing sheet 5, the excess part is wound on the winding roller 601, while the pressing roller 602 limits the sealing sheet 5 to prevent warping and makes it easy for the sealing sheet 5 to always be aligned with the take-up bin 6. See Figure 9 Because the sealing sheet 5 has a guide plate 501 aligned with the tool magazine 4, a locking bolt 502 penetrating the guide plate 501, two parallel grooves 503, and a magnetic strip 504 located inside the grooves 503, when the tool magazine 4 slides, the locking bolt 502 locks the guide plate 501 in conjunction with the threaded hole 401, and the tool magazine 4 can pull the sealing sheet 5 out of the winding chamber 6. As the grooves 503 engage with the guide strip 402, the magnetic strip 504 and the guide strip 402 attract each other magnetically, causing the sealing sheet 5 to stick to the tool magazine 4, thereby automatically sealing the tool magazine 4 and maintaining airtightness, without the need for manual application of the sealing sheet 5; When the tool change is finished, the tool chamber 4 blocks the exchange channel 3, and the staff removes the sealing plate 5 to open the tool chamber 4 from the outside to replace the spare tool. This separates the internal tool change from the external tool change, allowing the process to proceed in an orderly manner and greatly reducing pollution to the external environment.

[0032] The magnetic strip 504 can be bonded to the groove 503 with a viscous magnetic fluid adhesive. After drying, it forms a magnetic strip 504 with good surface smoothness and low friction. When it comes into contact with the guide strip 402, there is no obvious resistance.

[0033] See attached document Figure 6 and Figure 7 In this embodiment, a negative pressure dust suction port 7 is also provided at the bottom of the tool chamber 4. The negative pressure dust suction port 7 is connected to a cooling air duct 8 that runs through the tool chamber 4. When changing tools, the tool chamber 4 and the negative pressure dust suction port 7 enter the tool chamber 4. The vacuum pump is started through the control panel 101 to draw air from the cooling air duct 8 to create a negative pressure condition. The negative pressure dust suction port 7 is used to attract dust. When the tool change is finished, the tool chamber 4 and the negative pressure dust suction port 7 are moved out of the housing 1. The negative pressure dust suction port 7 is blocked by the exchange channel 3 to prevent dust from entering.

[0034] See attached document Figure 6 and Figure 7The tool magazine 4 is vertically arranged with a heat-conducting plate 10, a limiting ring 11 for supporting the cooling air duct 8, a water-blocking ring 12 at the end of the cooling air duct 8, and a drain outlet 13 to avoid the cooling air duct 8. When changing tools, the heat-conducting plate 10 and the limiting ring 11 made of copper conduct heat, which facilitates the heat transfer between the tool magazine 4 and the cooling air duct 8 under the action of temperature gradient. The airflow of the cooling air duct 8 carries away the heat of the tool magazine 4, thus achieving heat dissipation. There is no need to set up additional heat dissipation equipment for the closed tool magazine 4.

[0035] See attached document Figure 5 , Figure 6 and Figure 8 In this embodiment, a cleaning brush 9 is also provided inside the tool magazine 4 and connected to the tool magazine 4 via an alloy rod. When changing tools, the tool magazine 4 drives the cleaning brush 9 to move laterally to rub the cutting spindle 2 and sweep off the attached materials. In addition, the cleaning brush 9 is set in two sets, which can simultaneously contact the cutting spindle 2 from both sides, resulting in a larger cleaning area and removing the dust attached to the cutting spindle 2 as much as possible.

[0036] See attached document Figure 5 , Figure 6 and Figure 8 An elastic band 14 is bonded between the cleaning brush 9 and the housing 1. An inner bone ligament 15 and a sponge sleeve 16 that wraps around the inner bone ligament 15 are welded to the outside of the cleaning brush 9. When changing tools, the sponge sleeve 16 rubs against the cutting spindle 2 to absorb dust. In addition, the inner bone ligament 15 is made of shape memory alloy or aluminum alloy, which can be bent more flexibly to fit the curvature of the cutting spindle 2. When the tool change is finished, the elastic band 14 drives the cleaning brush 9 to stick to the inner wall of the housing 1, avoid the cutting spindle 2, and make room for cutting.

[0037] Example 2: The processing of dental prostheses is often based on zirconia ceramics. The milling process can easily generate a lot of dust. In order to reduce dust and protect the environment, a CNC ceramic denture processing equipment based on Example 1 is used to improve the tool changing process on the basis of the traditional five-axis machine tool. This effectively reduces the amount of dust that escapes. Moreover, the internal tool changing and the external tool changing are separated and carried out in an orderly manner, which greatly reduces the pollution to the external environment.

[0038] like Figure 16 As shown, a method for machining CNC ceramic dentures includes the following steps: Step 1, clamping: Open the chamber door 102, bond the ceramic blank to the substrate, clamp it onto the arc-shaped fixture 32, calibrate the reference surface, and then close the chamber door 102. Step 2: Set parameters: In the preset program of control panel 101, realize the movement of the three coordinate axes XYZ. Set the speed of cutting spindle 2 to 20000rpm~40000rpm, feed rate to 100mm / min~500mm / min, and cutting depth to 0.02mm~0.3mm. Through five-axis linkage, make the tool of cutting spindle 2 contact the ceramic blank on the substrate at a fixed point to perform roughing and finishing respectively. Step 3, Internal Tool Change: As the tool wears out, it needs to be replaced periodically. When changing the tool, stop the cutting spindle 2, start the transverse mechanism to push the tool magazine 4 forward towards the cutting spindle 2 until the designated tool in the tool magazine 4 enters the housing 1. At this time, move the cutting spindle 2 along the XYZ coordinate axes to align with the free part of the tool magazine 4, and send the old tool into the tool magazine 4. Then, turn off the negative pressure suction of the cutting spindle 2 to let the old tool fall into the tool magazine 4. Then, move the cutting spindle 2 to fit the tool holder of the new tool, start the negative pressure suction to lock it, and the tool change is completed. The cutting spindle 2 can be moved to reset, and the tool magazine 4 can leave the housing 1 and close the housing 1 again. Step 4, Negative Pressure Suction: Activate the external vacuum pump to generate negative pressure conditions. Use the negative pressure dust suction port 7 to suction the dust. Collect the filtered dust in the filter canister to prevent clogging of the vacuum pump. Use the copper heat-conducting plate 10 and the limiting ring 11 to conduct heat, which facilitates heat transfer between the tool chamber 4 and the cooling air duct 8 under the action of temperature gradient. The airflow in the cooling air duct 8 carries away the heat from the tool chamber 4, thus achieving heat dissipation. There is no need to set up additional heat dissipation equipment for the closed tool chamber 4. Step 5, Dust removal: The tool magazine 4 drives the cleaning brush 9 to move laterally to rub the cutting spindle 2 and remove the attached materials. In addition, the cleaning brush 9 is set in two sets, which can simultaneously contact the cutting spindle 2 from both sides, resulting in a larger cleaning area and removing as much dust as possible from the cutting spindle 2. Among them, the sponge sleeve 16 rubs the cutting spindle 2 to absorb dust. In addition, the inner bone ligament 15 is made of shape memory alloy or aluminum alloy, which can be bent more flexibly to fit the curvature of the cutting spindle 2. Step 6, External Tool Change: Move the tool chamber 4 in the reverse direction using the transverse mechanism until the exchange channel 3 is blocked and separated from the housing 1. Then, remove the sealing sheet 5 and open the tool chamber 4 from the outside to replace the spare tool. This separates internal and external tool changes, allowing for orderly operation and greatly reducing pollution to the external environment.

[0039] The above description is merely an optional embodiment of the present invention. It should be noted that those skilled in the art can make various improvements and modifications without departing from the principle of the present invention, and these improvements and modifications should also be considered within the scope of protection of the present invention. Structures, devices, and operating methods not specifically described or explained in this invention, unless otherwise specified or limited, shall be implemented according to conventional means in the art.

Claims

1. A CNC ceramic denture processing equipment, comprising a housing (1), wherein a cutting spindle (2) and XYZ coordinate axes for moving the cutting spindle (2) are disposed inside the housing (1), characterized in that, Also includes: The tool magazine (4) penetrates the housing (1). The housing (1) is provided with a lateral movement mechanism for moving the tool magazine (4), a sealing sheet (5) for covering the opening of the tool magazine (4), and a winding chamber (6) for storing the sealing sheet (5). The negative pressure dust suction port (7) is located at the bottom of the tool chamber (4). The negative pressure dust suction port (7) is connected to a cooling air duct (8) that runs through the tool chamber (4). When changing tools, the tool chamber (4) and the negative pressure dust suction port (7) enter the housing (1). The negative pressure dust suction port (7) attracts dust. The cleaning brush (9) is located inside the tool magazine (4). At the same time, the tool magazine (4) drives the cleaning brush (9) to rub the cutting spindle (2) and sweep off the attached substances. When the tool change is finished, the tool chamber (4) and the negative pressure dust suction port (7) move out of the housing (1), causing the cleaning brush (9) to stick to the inner wall of the housing (1) and avoid the cutting spindle (2).

2. The CNC ceramic denture processing equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that: The opening of the blade chamber (4) is provided with threaded holes (401) and guide strips (402) at intervals. The surface of the sealing sheet (5) is provided with a guide plate (501) aligned with the blade chamber (4), a locking bolt (502) penetrating the guide plate (501), two parallel grooves (503), and a magnetic strip (504) located inside the grooves (503). The winding chamber (6) is provided with a winding roller (601) for winding the sealing sheet (5) and a pressing roller (602) for pressing the sealing sheet (5) at intervals.

3. The CNC ceramic denture processing equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that: The tool chamber (4) is vertically arranged with a heat-conducting plate (10), a limiting ring (11) for supporting the cooling air duct (8), a water-blocking ring (12) located at the port of the cooling air duct (8), and a drain outlet (13) that avoids the cooling air duct (8). When changing tools, the airflow of the cooling air duct (8) carries away the heat of the tool chamber (4) to achieve heat dissipation.

4. The CNC ceramic denture processing equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that: An elastic band (14) is connected between the cleaning brush (9) and the housing (1). An inner bone ligament (15) and a sponge sleeve (16) covering the inner bone ligament (15) are fixed on the outside of the cleaning brush (9). When changing the tool, the cutting spindle (2) is rubbed by the sponge sleeve (16) to achieve dust adsorption.

5. The CNC ceramic denture processing equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that: The housing (1) has an exchange channel (3) for the tool magazine (4) to pass through. The bottom of the exchange channel (3) is fixed with a slide rail (301) for the tool magazine (4) to slide. When the tool change is finished, the tool magazine (4) blocks the exchange channel (3). The staff removes the sealing sheet (5) and opens the tool magazine (4) from the outside to replace the spare tool.

6. The CNC ceramic denture processing equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that: The transverse mechanism includes two alloy flanges (17) disposed at the bottom of the tool magazine (4) and a horizontal cylinder (18) located between the two alloy flanges (17), wherein one of the alloy flanges (17) is fixed to the outside of the housing (1); When the cylinder rod of the horizontal cylinder (18) extends, it drives the tool magazine (4) away from the cutting spindle (2). When the rod of the horizontal cylinder (18) retracts, it drives the tool magazine (4) to approach the cutting spindle (2).

7. The CNC ceramic denture processing equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that: The tool magazine (4) is vertically arranged with a bearing bracket (19), a rotary motor (22) connected to the bearing bracket (19), a belt (20), a support wheel (21) for supporting the belt (20), and a tool holder (23) connected to the belt (20).

8. A CNC ceramic denture processing equipment according to claim 7, characterized in that: The bottom of the tool holder (23) is vertically arranged with a foot support (24), two metal rings (25) connected to the foot support (24), a support ball (26) located between the two metal rings (25), and a slide rail (27) connected to the tool magazine (4).

9. A CNC ceramic denture processing equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that: Inside the housing (1), a feed rail (28), a worktable (29), and a bearing seat (30) mounted on the worktable (29) are arranged vertically in sequence. On both sides of the bearing seat (30), an arc-shaped clamp (32) and a servo motor (31) for rotating the arc-shaped clamp (32) are respectively arranged.

10. A method for machining CNC ceramic dentures, applied to the CNC ceramic denture machining equipment according to any one of claims 1-9, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: Step 1, Clamping: Open the door, bond the ceramic blank to the substrate, clamp it onto the fixture, calibrate the reference surface, and close the door; Step 2, setting parameters: preset program to realize the movement of the three coordinate axes XYZ, set the speed, feed rate and cutting depth of the cutting spindle (2), and through five-axis linkage, make the tool of the cutting spindle (2) contact the ceramic blank on the substrate at a fixed point to perform roughing and finishing respectively; Step 3, Internal tool change: Stop the cutting spindle (2), start the transverse mechanism to push the tool magazine (4) closer to the cutting spindle (2), and move the cutting spindle (2) to align with the empty part of the tool magazine (4), drop the old tool into the tool magazine (4), then move the cutting spindle (2) to cover the tool holder of the new tool, start the negative pressure suction, lock it, and complete the tool change; Step 4, negative pressure suction: activate negative pressure conditions, use the negative pressure suction port (7) to suction dust, collect the filtered dust with the filter canister to prevent blockage, and use the airflow of the cooling duct (8) to carry away the heat of the blade chamber (4) to achieve heat dissipation; Step 5, dust removal: The tool magazine (4) drives the cleaning brush (9) to move laterally, rubbing the cutting spindle (2) to remove the attached material. Among them, the two sets of cleaning brushes (9) simultaneously contact the cutting spindle (2) from both sides to match the curvature of the cutting spindle (2). Step 6, External tool change: Move the tool chamber (4) in the opposite direction through the transverse mechanism until it is separated from the housing (1), then remove the sealing plate (5) and open the tool chamber (4) from the outside to replace the spare tool, thus isolating the internal tool change and the external tool change.

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