Marine zippered aperture and method of aperturing

Abstract

This invention discloses a marine zipper-type opening and its opening method. By setting a pre-cut tear line at the opening position of the hull structural parts, and opening an internal hole on the plate surface within the pre-cut tear line to reserve a deformation buffer zone inside the pre-cut tear line, it can not only reduce the difficulty of opening the hull structural parts in the later stage and ensure the convenience of the later opening construction, but also ensure the overall rigidity of the opening plate surface of the hull structural parts. This avoids the deformation of the opening position of the hull structural parts during the placement and segmented construction process, effectively controls the deformation of the hull structural parts, reduces the difficulty of opening the hull structural parts in the later stage, saves the opening construction cost, and improves the construction efficiency.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of shipbuilding technology, and in particular to a marine zipper-type opening and its opening method. Background Technology

[0002] During ship construction, various openings need to be designed into the hull steel structure. Some openings need to be permanently retained (referred to as "permanent openings" in this article), while others are only made to facilitate construction and need to be sealed after construction (referred to as "temporary openings" in this article). Permanent openings that are particularly large, such as those for the bridge window or superstructure doors and windows, can significantly weaken the structural strength of the ship sections during construction.

[0003] To ensure a sufficiently wide field of vision for the pilot, the bridge of a ship often features multiple large pilot windows on the bow and side bulkheads, significantly weakening the structural strength of the steel bulkheads. Since the bridge is generally located on the top floor of the superstructure, its load during ship operation is relatively small, so the steel bulkheads weakened by the pilot windows can meet the strength requirements during operation. However, during the segmented construction of the bridge, the loads generated by the assembly, welding, outfitting, placement, and overturning of the segments are much greater than the loads during actual ship operation. The steel bulkheads weakened by the pilot windows often cannot meet the requirements, resulting in severe deformation of the steel structure in the area where the pilot windows are located, and a large amount of leveling work is required.

[0004] The existing design uses a virtual opening for the driver's window to accommodate structural deformation during construction. However, this virtual opening is only marked during the CNC cutting stage of the cab wall steel plate parts, leading to the need for manual cutting of the driver's window opening after the cab sections are assembled. Manual cutting is labor-intensive, produces poor results, and the edges of the opening, especially the corners, are unevenly rounded. The scrap steel plate inside the hole is large and heavy, making it difficult for workers to handle; it needs to be shredded before transport, resulting in significant waste as the steel plate cannot be effectively utilized. Furthermore, the complete closure of the driver's window opening during construction affects construction access, lighting, ventilation, and pipeline passage.

[0005] If a direct opening design is adopted, a large amount of additional tooling needs to be designed and arranged to reinforce the driver's window, which will then be removed after installation. This is time-consuming, material-intensive, and labor-intensive, with poor reinforcement results, and the tooling itself can easily affect construction. Summary of the Invention

[0006] In view of this, the present invention provides a marine zipper-type opening and its opening method to solve the problem that large-sized permanent openings (doors, windows, pipelines, etc.) and temporary openings (process holes, etc.) excessively weaken the strength of the ship's steel structure during construction. It not only improves construction safety and the flatness of the ship's steel structure construction and reduces the workload of later leveling, but also reduces the high amount of manual construction work for virtual openings and avoids the poor construction quality of manual cutting construction in the later stage of virtual openings.

[0007] A marine zipper-type opening is provided, wherein the position of the opening to be opened on the hull structural part is provided with a pre-cut tear line with the same shape and size as the opening to be opened, and an inner hole is opened on the plate surface located inside the pre-cut tear line to reserve a deformation buffer zone inside the pre-cut tear line. Multiple inner holes are opened, and two pairs of inner holes are connected by a reinforcing bridge.

[0008] Preferably, the pre-cut tear line is a semi-broken line composed of multiple intermittently connected cutting grooves, with adjacent cutting grooves connected by an intermittent connecting bridge.

[0009] Preferably, the pre-cut tear line is composed of multiple discontinuously connected elongated cutting grooves and arc-shaped cutting grooves. The elongated cutting grooves are set on the straight edge of the hole to be opened, and the arc-shaped cutting grooves are set at the rounded corner of the hole to be opened.

[0010] Preferably, at least one cutting groove is provided on the straight edge of the hole to be opened.

[0011] Preferably, the pre-cut tear line is rectangular, the elongated cutting grooves are spaced apart on the four straight sides, and the arc-shaped cutting grooves are located at the four rounded corners.

[0012] Preferably, the multiple internal holes are arranged in an array.

[0013] Preferably, the marine zipper-type opening is a temporary or permanent opening on the ship.

[0014] Preferably, the width of the deformable buffer band is not less than 150 mm.

[0015] A method for creating a zipper-type opening for marine applications, specifically including the following steps: S1, Ship design stage: pre-cut tear lines are constructed on the three-dimensional model of the hull structure parts, and multiple internal holes are constructed on the hull plate frame surface within the pre-cut tear lines, and then plate blanking drawings are generated. S2, Plate nesting and cutting stage: According to the plate cutting drawings, the cutting machine is used to cut pre-cut tear lines and inner holes on the hull structure parts. The steel plate cut off when cutting the inner holes is used as surplus material to nest other hull parts. S3, the shipbuilding stage, involves welding and assembling hull structural parts with pre-cut tear lines and internal holes to other hull parts. During construction, the internal holes serve as passageways for construction personnel, lighting holes, ventilation holes, or pipeline passageways. When holes need to be drilled in the hull structure, the construction workers cut off the discontinuous connecting bridges between the two cutting grooves on the pre-cut tear line in order to cut off the deformation buffer strip retained inside the pre-cut tear line.

[0016] The beneficial effects of this invention are: 1. This application sets a pre-cut tear line at the location where a hole is to be drilled in the hull structure component, and opens an internal hole on the plate surface within the pre-cut tear line to reserve a deformation buffer zone inside the pre-cut tear line. This not only reduces the difficulty of drilling holes in the hull structure component later and ensures the convenience of drilling holes in the hull structure component later, but also ensures the overall rigidity of the drilling plate surface of the hull structure component, so as to avoid deformation of the drilling location of the hull structure component during the placement and segmented construction process. It can effectively control the deformation of the hull structure component, reduce the difficulty of drilling holes in the hull structure component later, save drilling construction costs, and improve construction efficiency.

[0017] 2. This application is mainly used for door or window openings in the thin plate area of ​​the superstructure, and can also be used for other openings in the hull. It has a wide range of applications and can greatly reduce the construction cost of openings in ships, while also improving the utilization rate of the plate material.

[0018] 3. This application sets a pre-cut tear line at the location of the hole to be opened on the hull structure parts, and sets the opening boundary on the hull structure as an intermittent dotted line. During CNC cutting, only the cutting groove on the pre-cut tear line needs to be cut. The steel plate of the hull structure parts after CNC cutting is connected to the deformation buffer zone reserved inside the pre-cut tear line and will not fall off. This not only enhances the strength of the steel plate of the hull structure parts and avoids deformation during construction, but also reduces the amount of work required for opening holes later.

[0019] 4. Setting internal cut holes on the plates of hull structural parts can not only reduce the weight of the hull structural parts, thereby reducing the difficulty of loading and construction, but also allow the steel plates cut off within the range of the internal cut holes to be used as surplus materials, thereby improving the utilization rate of steel plates and avoiding material waste.

[0020] 5. By connecting a reinforcing bridge between two adjacent internal holes, the structural rigidity of the plate where the hole is to be opened can be effectively improved, ensuring the flatness and smoothness of the plate where the hole is to be opened, ensuring the loading and construction accuracy of the ship's structural parts, and also preventing deformation during the construction process.

[0021] 6. By reserving a deformation buffer zone inside the pre-cut tear line, the construction stress deformation that was originally concentrated at the edge of the designed opening can be transferred to the boundary of the inner hole. Later, only the deformation buffer zone needs to be cut off, reducing the workload of leveling the designed opening. Attached Figure Description

[0022] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings used in the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0023] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the present invention.

[0024] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the pre-cut tear line.

[0025] The labels in the diagram mean: 1 is a hull structural component, 2 is a pre-cut tear line, 3 is an internal cut hole, 4 is a cutting groove, 5 is a reinforced bridge, 6 is a deformation buffer zone, and 7 is an intermittent connecting bridge. Detailed Implementation

[0026] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of this invention clearer, the invention is described below with reference to specific embodiments shown in the accompanying drawings. However, it should be understood that these descriptions are merely exemplary and not intended to limit the scope of the invention. Furthermore, descriptions of well-known structures and technologies are omitted in the following description to avoid unnecessarily obscuring the concept of the invention.

[0027] The terminology used in this disclosure is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of the disclosure. The singular forms “a,” “the,” and “the” as used in this disclosure and the appended claims are also intended to include the plural forms unless the context clearly indicates otherwise. It should also be understood that the term “and / or” as used herein refers to and includes any and all possible combinations of one or more of the associated listed items.

[0028] In the description of this invention, unless otherwise specified and limited, it should be noted that the terms "installation", "connection" and "linking" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to mechanical or electrical connections, or internal connections between two components. They can be direct connections or indirect connections through an intermediate medium. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms according to the specific circumstances.

[0029] To better understand the technical solution of the present invention, the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0030] This invention provides a zipper-type opening for a hull structural component. The hull structural component 1 has a pre-cut tear line 2 of the same shape and size as the opening at the desired location. An internal cut hole 3 is formed on the plate surface inside the pre-cut tear line 2 to reserve a deformation buffer zone 6 inside the pre-cut tear line 2. Multiple internal cut holes 3 are formed, and pairs of internal cut holes 3 are connected by reinforcing bridges 5.

[0031] The pre-cut tear line 2 is a semi-broken line composed of multiple discontinuously connected cutting grooves 4, with adjacent cutting grooves 4 connected by discontinuous connecting bridges 7. This line disrupts the continuity of the hull structural parts (steel plates) but retains a certain degree of connection force, reducing the difficulty of opening doors and windows later. At the same time, since the deformation buffer zone 6 is retained on the inner side of the pre-cut tear line 2, the overall rigidity of the hull structural parts can be guaranteed, so as to avoid deformation of the hull structural parts during the placement and segmented construction process.

[0032] In this embodiment, the width of the intermittent connecting bridge 7 on the pre-cut tear line 2 is 50mm, and the distance between two adjacent intermittent connecting bridges does not exceed 800mm; the intermittent connecting bridges are arranged on the straight boundary of the opening, avoiding the rounded corner of the opening; given that the size of the opening on the hull structure part 1 is generally very large, multiple intermittent connecting bridges 7 are arranged on each side of the opening.

[0033] The cutting groove 4 that makes up the pre-cut tear line 2 can be configured in various shapes, such as a circular hole groove, a long strip groove, or other shapes. In this embodiment, the pre-cut tear line 2 is composed of multiple discontinuously connected long strip cutting grooves and arc-shaped cutting grooves. The long strip cutting grooves are set on the straight edge of the hole to be opened, and the arc-shaped cutting grooves are set at the rounded corners of the hole to be opened. At least one cutting groove is set on the straight edge of the hole to be opened.

[0034] like Figure 1 As shown, the pre-cut tear line 2 in this embodiment is rectangular, with elongated cutting grooves spaced along the four straight sides and arc-shaped cutting grooves located at the four rounded corners.

[0035] When it is necessary to make holes in the hull structure parts with this zipper-type opening, it is only necessary to cut the intermittent connecting bridge 7 between the two cutting slots to achieve quick hole making, which greatly reduces the difficulty of making holes for doors and windows on the hull structure parts later.

[0036] To improve steel plate utilization and avoid waste, at least two internal cut holes 3 are made on the surface of the hull structure parts within the pre-cut tear line 2. These internal cut holes 3 are connected in pairs by reinforcing bridges 5. The reinforcing bridges 5 may or may not be connected to the deformation buffer zone 6. The internal cut holes 3 on the surface of the hull structure parts not only reduce the weight of the parts, thus simplifying their loading and construction, but also allow the cut-off steel plates within the range of the internal cut holes 3 to be used as surplus material, thereby improving steel plate utilization and preventing material waste.

[0037] In a preferred embodiment, multiple internally cut holes 3 are arranged in an array at the locations where holes are to be drilled on the hull structure component 1. This effectively reduces the workload of manually cutting out the steel structure inside the holes after completion and reduces the difficulty of handling the cut-off scrap. In this example, the corner radius of the internally cut hole 3 is 100mm, and the corner of the internally cut hole 3 can also be replaced by a crack-resistant hole. The internally cut hole 3 can also serve as a construction passageway, lighting hole, ventilation hole, and pipeline passageway during the construction process. During CNC cutting, small parts or tooling can be fitted onto the plate surface inside the internally cut hole 3 to effectively improve the utilization rate of the steel plate raw materials.

[0038] Each adjacent internal hole 3 is connected by a reinforcing bridge 5. Therefore, the reinforcing bridges are arranged in a grid pattern, which effectively improves the structural rigidity of the plate surface where the hole is to be opened, and ensures the flatness and smoothness of the plate surface where the hole is to be opened. In this embodiment, the width of the reinforcing bridge 5 is 150mm.

[0039] The shape of the inner hole 3 is the same as that of the pre-cut tear line 2. The size of the inner hole 3 is reduced proportionally to the size of the pre-cut tear line 2. That is, if the pre-cut tear line 2 is rectangular, the inner hole 3 is also designed to be rectangular, and the length and width of the inner hole 3 are both 0%-40% of the length and width of the pre-cut tear line 2; if the pre-cut tear line 2 is circular, the inner hole 3 is also designed to be circular, and the radius of the inner hole 3 is 0%-40% of the radius of the pre-cut tear line 2.

[0040] The center of the inner hole 3 coincides with the center of the pre-cut tear line 2, which ensures that the width of the plate body retained on the inner side of each side of the pre-cut tear line 2 is equal, thereby ensuring the structural strength of each side of the pre-cut tear line 2.

[0041] The zipper-type opening of this application can be applied to any location on a ship where an opening is required. In this embodiment, the zipper-type opening is applied to the opening location of a door or window in the superstructure, such as the opening of the bridge window on the steel wall of the bridge, and the size of the pre-cut tear line 2 is equal to the size of the door or window in the superstructure.

[0042] Construction stresses generated during shipbuilding, such as assembly stress and welding stress, are transmitted through the steel structure and are more easily released at the free edges (the edges of steel plates without stiffeners), causing structural deformation. The edges of structural openings are typical examples of free edges. A deformation buffer band 6 is provided on the inner side of the zipper-type opening, diverting the deformation caused by construction stress away from the boundary of the bridge window opening and to the boundary of the inner hole 3. After the hull structural component 1 is installed, only the deformation buffer band 6 with larger deformations needs to be cut off, effectively reducing the workload of leveling the design boundary of the bridge window opening. In this embodiment, the width of the deformation buffer band 6 is not less than 150mm.

[0043] The zipper-type opening of this application can be used for temporary holes on ships, as well as permanent holes on ships.

[0044] For temporary holes, designing them as zipper-style openings effectively prevents the steel structure inside from falling out or being lost. This eliminates the need to immediately install hinges after cutting to prevent the structure from falling out, improving safety and reducing management costs and requirements. Furthermore, the width of the intermittent connecting bridge 7 on the zipper-style opening is recommended to be 50mm, and the spacing between two adjacent intermittent connecting bridges 7 should not exceed 800mm. The intermittent connecting bridges 7 should be placed on the straight boundaries of the opening to reduce the difficulty of subsequent manual cutting; at least one connecting bridge should be placed on each side of the opening.

[0045] For permanent holes, designing them as zipper-style openings allows for adjustment of the width of the deformation buffer strip 6 as needed. This adjusts the weight of the deformation buffer strip 6, which serves as temporary reinforcement during construction, effectively reducing the workload of manually cutting the steel structure within the pre-cut tear line 2 after completion and simplifying the handling of the scrap material. The corner radius of the internal cut hole 3 is recommended to be no less than 100mm or 5 times the plate thickness, or a crack-resistant hole design can be used. The internal cut hole 3 can also serve as a construction access hole, lighting hole, ventilation hole, and pipeline access hole during construction. During CNC cutting, small parts or tooling can be fitted onto the plate surface within the internal cut hole 3 to effectively improve the utilization rate of the steel plate raw materials. The reinforcing bridge 5 between two adjacent internal cut holes 3 effectively enhances the structural rigidity of the longer side of the designed opening, ensuring the straightness and flatness of the longer side. The recommended width of the reinforcing bridge is 150mm.

[0046] This invention also provides a method for creating zipper-type openings in ship hull structural parts, specifically including the following steps: S1, during the ship design phase, a pre-cut tear line 2 is constructed on the 3D model of the hull structure parts, and an internal hole 3 is constructed on the plate surface of the hull structure parts within the pre-cut tear line 2, and then the plate blanking drawing is generated. S2, Plate nesting and cutting stage: According to the plate cutting drawing, the pre-cut tear line 2 and inner hole 3 are cut on the hull structure parts using a cutting machine. The steel plate cut off when cutting the inner hole 3 is used as surplus material to nest other hull parts. S3, during the ship outfitting stage, when it is necessary to install a door or window in the area of ​​the pre-cut tear line 2 of the hull structure parts, the construction workers cut off the connecting part between the two cutting grooves 4 on the pre-cut tear line 2, cut off the plate structure retained inside the pre-cut tear line 2, and then install the door or window in place.

[0047] It should be understood that the described embodiments are merely some, not all, of the embodiments of the present invention. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the present invention without inventive effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A marine zipper opening, characterized by, The hull structure part (1) has a pre-cut tear line (2) with the same shape and size as the hole to be opened at the position of the hole to be opened. An inner hole (3) is opened on the plate surface inside the pre-cut tear line (2) to reserve a deformation buffer zone (6) inside the pre-cut tear line (2). Multiple inner holes (3) are opened, and two inner holes (3) are connected by a reinforcing bridge (5).

2. The marine zipper aperture of claim 1, wherein, The pre-cut tear line (2) is a semi-broken line composed of multiple intermittently connected cutting grooves (4), with two adjacent cutting grooves (4) connected by an intermittent connecting bridge (7).

3. The marine zipper aperture of claim 2, wherein, The pre-cut tear line (2) is composed of multiple discontinuously connected long strip cutting grooves and arc-shaped cutting grooves. The long strip cutting grooves are set on the straight edge of the hole to be opened, and the arc-shaped cutting grooves are set at the rounded corner of the hole to be opened.

4. The marine zipper aperture of claim 3, wherein, At least one cutting groove is provided on the straight edge of the hole to be opened.

5. The marine zipper aperture of claim 3, wherein, The pre-cut tear line (2) is rectangular, with long strip cutting grooves spaced on the four straight sides and arc-shaped cutting grooves at the four rounded corners.

6. The marine zippered aperture of claim 1, wherein, Multiple internal holes (3) are arranged in an array.

7. The marine zipper aperture of claim 1, wherein, The marine zipper-type opening is either a temporary or permanent opening on the ship.

8. The marine zipper aperture of claim 1, wherein, The width of the deformable buffer band (6) is not less than 150 mm.

9. A method for creating a marine zipper-type opening as described in any one of claims 1-8, characterized in that, Specifically, the following steps are included: S1, during the ship design phase, a pre-cut tear line (2) is constructed on the three-dimensional model of the hull structure parts, and multiple internal holes (3) are constructed on the plate surface within the pre-cut tear line (2), and then the plate blanking drawing is generated; S2, plate cutting stage: according to the plate cutting drawing, the pre-cut tear line (2) and inner hole (3) are cut on the hull structure parts using a cutting machine. The steel plate cut off when cutting the inner hole (3) is used as the surplus material to cut other hull parts. S3, during the shipbuilding stage, the hull structure parts with pre-cut tear lines (2) and internal cut holes (3) are welded and assembled with other hull parts. During the construction process, the internal cut holes (3) serve as passage holes for construction personnel, lighting holes, ventilation holes, or pipeline passage holes. When holes need to be drilled in the hull structure parts, the construction workers cut off the discontinuous connecting bridges (7) between the two cutting grooves (4) on the pre-cut tear line (2) to cut off the deformation buffer zone (6) retained inside the pre-cut tear line (2).

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