A rural domestic sewage treatment device coupled with a multi-stage baffle plate and suspended filler

Abstract

This invention discloses a rural domestic sewage treatment device coupled with multi-stage baffles and suspended packing, comprising a tank body, multi-stage baffles, and suspended packing. The baffles are hinged to the tank wall via horizontal hinges, and the baffle surface can rotate in a vertical plane around the hinges. The back of the baffles is connected to a float on the liquid surface via a float linkage drive mechanism. A linkage guide bar is provided on the water-facing side, with the root of the bar hinged to the baffle. The free end is connected in series by a continuous rotating shaft, and the end of the shaft is linked to a vertical transmission rod via a swing arm and a transmission linkage. An arc-shaped guide plate is provided at the bottom of the baffles, and an overflow notch is provided at the top. At low water flow, the baffles tend to be vertical, and the bars are horizontally extended to support the suspended packing. At high water flow, the baffles rotate towards the center of the tank, and the bars vertically retract to fully fluidize the packing. This device achieves dual-parameter adaptive adjustment of hydraulic flow and packing state through pure mechanical linkage, requiring no electrical control or manual intervention throughout the process. Its simple and reliable structure meets the needs of unattended rural sewage treatment facilities.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of wastewater treatment equipment technology, and in particular to a rural domestic wastewater treatment device coupled with multi-stage baffles and suspended packing. Background Technology

[0002] Rural domestic sewage is characterized by significant diurnal and seasonal fluctuations in flow volume and unstable water quality. Existing treatment technologies often combine fixed baffle reactors with suspended packing biofilm processes. However, these are mostly simple spatial superpositions, with the baffles only serving a static hydraulic separation function and unable to actively adjust the hydraulic conditions within the tank according to changes in flow volume. Under low flow conditions, the flow velocity within the tank is too low, causing the suspended packing to easily deposit and clump, leading to decreased biofilm activity and localized anaerobic odor. Under high flow conditions, the shear force of the water flow increases sharply, causing excessive fluidization of the suspended packing and subsequent loss. Simultaneously, fixed baffles cannot adjust head loss and flow cross-section, easily causing short-circuiting and dead zones. Furthermore, rural sewage treatment facilities generally lack professional operation and maintenance personnel. Devices relying on electrical or pneumatic control have high failure rates, high energy consumption, and high noise levels, making them unsuitable for unattended operation. Therefore, there is an urgent need for a purely mechanically coupled device that can automatically adjust the hydraulic flow state and packing state according to flow volume fluctuations, achieving stable operation without external energy or human intervention. Summary of the Invention

[0003] This invention aims to at least solve the technical problems existing in the prior art, and in particular, proposes an innovative solution.

[0004] To achieve the above-mentioned objectives of this invention, this invention provides a rural domestic sewage treatment device coupled with multi-stage baffles and suspended packing, comprising a tank body, multi-stage baffles spaced apart along the water flow direction within the tank body, and suspended packing added to the tank body; each stage of the baffle is a rectangular flat plate with its surface perpendicular to the water flow direction, and the upper part of one edge of the baffle is hinged to the tank wall via a horizontal hinge shaft, the axis of which is parallel to the width of the tank, allowing the baffle to rotate around the horizontal hinge shaft in a vertical plane; the baffle is equipped with a float linkage drive mechanism, which includes a float, a vertical transmission rod, a horizontal rocker arm, a pin, and a support. The float floats on the liquid surface of the tank body, the lower end of the vertical transmission rod is fixedly connected to the float, and the upper end is hinged to one end of the horizontal rocker arm. The middle part of the horizontal rocker arm is connected to a support fixed to the tank wall via a pin shaft, and the other end of the horizontal rocker arm is fixedly connected to the back of the baffle. The float rises and falls with the liquid level, driving the baffle to rotate around the horizontal hinge shaft; The baffle plate has linked guide bars on its water-facing surface. Each linked guide bar consists of multiple bar bodies, a rotating shaft, a swing arm, and a transmission link. The bar bodies are evenly spaced along the width of the baffle plate's water-facing surface. Each bar body has an ear plate at its root. The bar body is hinged to the ear plate via a short hinge shaft, allowing the bar body to rotate around the width of the pool. Each bar body has a through hole at its free end. A full-length rotating shaft passes through the through holes at the free ends of all bar bodies along the width of the pool and is fixedly connected to the bar bodies. The end of the full-length rotating shaft near the pool wall extends out of the side edge of the baffle plate, and a swing arm is fixedly connected to the extended end. The swing arm is linked to a vertical transmission rod via a transmission link, so that the linked guide bars rotate synchronously around the short hinge shaft of the ear plate at the root when the float rises and falls with the liquid level. The bottom edge of the baffle plate has an arc-shaped guide plate, and a variable flow gap is formed between the lower edge of the arc-shaped guide plate and the bottom of the pool. The size of this variable flow gap changes with the rotation angle of the baffle plate. The top of the baffle plate has an overflow notch.

[0005] Optionally, the float is a closed hollow cylindrical body with the axis of the body parallel to the width of the pool. The vertical transmission rod is a straight rod arranged in the vertical direction, and the horizontal rocker arm is a straight rod arranged in the direction of water flow. The pin passes through the through hole in the middle of the horizontal rocker arm along the width of the pool to hinge the horizontal rocker arm to the support.

[0006] Optionally, a hinge pin extending laterally is provided in the middle of the vertical transmission rod, the upper end of the transmission connecting rod is hinged to the hinge pin, and the lower end of the transmission connecting rod is hinged to the hinge hole at the outer end of the swing arm.

[0007] Optionally, the swing arm is a rectangular cross-section plate with a circular hole at one end, which is fixedly connected to the end of the continuous rotating shaft, and a circular hole at the other end, which is hinged to the lower end of the transmission connecting rod.

[0008] Optionally, the vertical transmission rod, horizontal rocker arm, swing arm, and transmission link are all located in the same vertical plane perpendicular to the pool width direction, forming a planar linkage mechanism; the full-length rotating shaft passes through this vertical plane along the pool width direction and is fixedly connected to the swing arm.

[0009] Optionally, the arc-shaped guide plate and the baffle plate body can be bent into one piece or welded together.

[0010] Optionally, the overflow gap is a rectangular gap with a horizontal bottom edge and a depth of one-eighth to one-sixth of the height of the baffle plate. When the baffle plate is vertical, the drop height between the bottom edge of the overflow gap and the downstream liquid surface is minimal. When the baffle plate rotates towards the center of the pool, the drop height increases.

[0011] Optionally, a limiting block is provided on the back of the baffle or on the pool wall. The limiting block is used to limit the maximum rotation angle of the baffle and prevent the baffle from overturning.

[0012] Optionally, the front and back surfaces of the baffle plate are provided with biofilm ribs. The biofilm ribs are rectangular cross-section strips arranged perpendicular to the plate surface, and the length direction of the ribs is parallel to the width direction of the pool.

[0013] Optionally, a sludge collection trough is provided on the downstream side of the pool bottom corresponding to the variable flow gap. The sludge collection trough is a long trough arranged along the width of the pool, and a sludge discharge pipe is connected to the bottom of the trough.

[0014] The beneficial effects of this invention are that, through the pure mechanical coupling of the float linkage drive mechanism and the linkage guide bar mechanism, the synchronous rise and fall of the liquid level is transformed into a dual-parameter linkage adjustment of the baffle plate inclination angle and the bar inclination angle, achieving adaptive matching between hydraulic conditions and the state of the packing material. Under low water volume conditions, the baffle plate tends to be vertical, and the linkage guide bar rotates to a horizontally extended state, forming multiple layers of overhanging horizontal support surfaces in the area between the plates. This provides upward support for the suspended packing material, preventing it from settling at the bottom of the pool due to low flow velocity. Simultaneously, the arc-shaped guide plate at the bottom of the baffle plate is close to the bottom of the pool, minimizing the variable flow gap and mechanically confining the suspended packing material within its compartment to prevent loss. The overflow gap has the lowest drop height, and the water overflows in a thin layer, providing gentle hydraulic agitation to the downstream packing material. Under high water volume conditions, the baffle plate rotates towards the center of the pool, and the linkage... When the dynamic guide bars rotate to a vertically retracted state, the bar surfaces tend to be parallel to the baffle plate surfaces, significantly reducing mechanical obstruction to the suspended packing. This allows the packing to fully fluidize in the inter-plate area with the high-speed water flow. Simultaneously, the lower edge of the arc-shaped guide plate moves away from the tank bottom, widening the variable flow gap. This allows aging, broken suspended packing or detached biofilm to flow with the water into the next compartment or the bottom sludge collection tank, achieving natural packing renewal and particle size screening. The increased distance between the bottom edge of the overflow notch and the downstream liquid surface increases the drop height, creating a cascading aeration system and generating pulsed hydraulic disturbances, enhancing the fluidization and reoxygenation of the downstream packing. This device requires no electrical, pneumatic, or manual intervention throughout its operation. Its simple and reliable structure and extremely low energy consumption significantly reduce the frequency and cost of operation and maintenance for rural wastewater treatment facilities, making it particularly suitable for the unattended and low-maintenance needs of rural domestic wastewater treatment facilities.

[0015] Additional aspects and advantages of the invention will be set forth in part in the description which follows, and in part will be obvious from the description, or may be learned by practice of the invention. Attached Figure Description

[0016] The above and / or additional aspects and advantages of the present invention will become apparent and readily understood from the description of the embodiments taken in conjunction with the following drawings, in which: Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention; Figure 2 yes Figure 1 Top view; Figure 3 This is a partially enlarged schematic diagram of the first-stage baffle and its driving mechanism of the present invention.

[0017] Attached reference numerals: 1. Pool body; 2. Baffle plate; 3. Arc-shaped guide plate; 4. Overflow notch; 5. Film-coated ribs; 6. Limiting block; 7. Float; 8. Vertical transmission rod; 9. Horizontal rocker arm; 10. Pin; 11. Support; 12. Hinge pin; 13. Grid bar body; 14. Root ear plate; 15. Short hinge shaft; 16. Rotating shaft; 17. Swing arm; 18. Transmission connecting rod; 19. Sludge collection trough; 20. Sludge discharge pipe. Detailed Implementation

[0018] Embodiments of the present invention are described in detail below. Examples of these embodiments are shown in the accompanying drawings, wherein the same or similar reference numerals denote the same or similar elements or elements having the same or similar functions throughout. The embodiments described below with reference to the accompanying drawings are exemplary and are only used to explain the present invention, and should not be construed as limiting the present invention.

[0019] like Figures 1 to 3 As shown, the rural domestic sewage treatment device coupled with multi-stage baffles and suspended packing in this embodiment includes a tank body 1. The tank body 1 is a rectangular box with an open top, enclosed by four vertical side walls and a horizontal tank bottom. It has a first side wall and a second side wall opposite each other along the water flow direction. Multi-stage baffles 2 are alternately arranged on the first side wall and the second side wall along the water flow direction. Each stage of baffles 2 divides the inner cavity of the tank body 1 into multiple serially connected compartments. The first stage baffle 2 is close to the water inlet and connected to the first side wall. The second stage baffle 2 is offset from the first stage baffle 2 along the water flow direction and connected to the second side wall. Subsequent stages alternate in sequence to form a baffle-type water flow channel. Suspended packing is added to each compartment in the tank body 1. Each level of baffle plate 2 is a rectangular flat plate with its surface perpendicular to the direction of water flow. The upper part of one side edge of the baffle plate 2 is hinged to the pool wall through a horizontal hinge shaft (a hinge seat or other form can be installed through the side wall of the pool to cooperate with the horizontal hinge shaft, that is, it does not affect the water flow gap on one side). The axis of the horizontal hinge shaft is parallel to the width of the pool, and the baffle plate 2 can rotate around the horizontal hinge shaft in the vertical plane.

[0020] The baffle plate 2 is equipped with a float linkage drive mechanism, which includes a float 7, a vertical transmission rod 8, a horizontal rocker arm 9, a pin 10, and a support 11. The float 7 is a closed hollow cylindrical body with its axis parallel to the width of the pool. The float 7 floats on the surface of the liquid in the pool 1. The vertical transmission rod 8 is a straight rod arranged in the vertical direction. The lower end of the vertical transmission rod 8 is fixedly connected to the float 7, and the upper end is hinged to one end of the horizontal rocker arm 9. The horizontal rocker arm 9 is a straight rod arranged in the direction of water flow. The middle part of the horizontal rocker arm 9 is connected to the support 11 fixed to the pool wall through the pin 10. The pin 10 passes through the through hole in the middle of the horizontal rocker arm 9 along the width of the pool to hinge the horizontal rocker arm 9 to the support 11. The other end of the horizontal rocker arm 9 is fixedly connected to the back of the baffle plate 2. The float 7 drives the baffle plate 2 to rotate around the horizontal hinge axis as the liquid level rises and falls.

[0021] The baffle plate 2 has a linkage guide bar on its water-facing surface. This mechanism includes multiple bar bodies 13, a rotating shaft 16, a swing arm 17, and a transmission link 18. Each bar body 13 is arranged at equal intervals along the width of the baffle plate 2 in the lower middle part of the water-facing surface and extends from the water-facing surface of the baffle plate 2 to the center of the pool along the water flow direction. Each bar body 13 has a root ear plate 14 at its root. The bar body 13 is hinged to the root ear plate 14 through a short hinge shaft 15, allowing the bar body 13 to rotate around the width of the pool. Each bar body 13 has a through hole at its free end. A full-length rotating shaft 16 passes through the through holes at the free ends of all the bar bodies 13 along the width of the pool and is fixedly connected to the bar body 13. One end of the full-length rotating shaft 16 near the pool wall extends out of the side edge of the baffle plate 2, and the extended end is fixedly connected to... There is a swing arm 17, which is a rectangular cross-section plate. One end of the swing arm 17 has a round hole, which is fixedly connected to the end of the continuous rotating shaft 16. The other end of the swing arm 17 has a round hole, which is hinged to the lower end of the transmission connecting rod 18. The middle of the vertical transmission rod 8 has a laterally extending hinge pin 12. The upper end of the transmission connecting rod 18 is hinged to the hinge pin 12, and the lower end of the transmission connecting rod 18 is hinged to the hinge hole at the outer end of the swing arm 17. The vertical transmission rod 8, the horizontal rocker arm 9, the swing arm 17, and the transmission connecting rod 18 are all located in the same vertical plane perpendicular to the width of the pool, forming a planar linkage mechanism. The continuous rotating shaft 16 passes through the vertical plane along the width of the pool and is fixedly connected to the swing arm 17, so that when the float 7 rises and falls with the liquid level, the linkage guide bar rotates synchronously around the short hinge shaft 15 of the root ear plate 14.

[0022] The bottom edge of the baffle plate 2 is provided with an arc-shaped guide plate 3. The arc-shaped guide plate 3 is integrally bent or welded to the body of the baffle plate 2. A variable flow gap is formed between the lower edge of the arc-shaped guide plate 3 and the bottom of the pool. The size of this variable flow gap changes with the rotation angle of the baffle plate 2. The top of the baffle plate 2 is provided with an overflow notch 4. The overflow notch 4 is a rectangular notch with a horizontal bottom edge and a depth of one-eighth to one-sixth of the height of the baffle plate 2. When the baffle plate 2 is in a vertical state, the drop height between the bottom edge of the overflow notch 4 and the downstream liquid surface is minimal. The drop height increases when the baffle plate 2 rotates towards the center of the pool. A limiting block 6 is provided on the back of the baffle plate 2 or on the pool wall. The limiting block 6 is used to limit the maximum rotation angle of the baffle plate 2 and prevent the baffle plate 2 from overturning excessively. The water-facing surface and the back surface of the baffle plate 2 are provided with biofilm ribs 5. The biofilm ribs 5 are rectangular cross-section strips arranged perpendicular to the plate surface, and the length direction of the ribs is parallel to the width direction of the pool. A sludge collection trough 19 is provided on the downstream side of the pool bottom corresponding to the variable flow gap. The sludge collection trough 19 is a long trough arranged along the width of the pool, and a sludge discharge pipe 20 is connected to the bottom of the trough.

[0023] Under low water volume conditions, the water level in the pool is low, the float 7 is in a low position, the vertical transmission rod 8 pulls down the horizontal rocker arm 9, the horizontal rocker arm 9 drives the baffle plate 2 to rotate around the horizontal hinge axis to a near vertical state, at the same time the vertical transmission rod 8 pulls down the swing arm 17 through the transmission connecting rod 18, the swing arm 17 drives the long rotating shaft 16 to rotate, the grid body 13 rotates around the short hinge axis 15 of the root ear plate 14 to a horizontally unfolded state, forming a multi-layered overhanging horizontal support surface in the area between the plates, which provides upward support for the suspended filler and prevents the filler from settling at the bottom of the pool. The lower edge of the arc-shaped guide plate 3 is close to the bottom of the pool, the variable flow gap is narrowed to the minimum, the suspended filler is mechanically confined in the compartment, the overflow gap 4 has the lowest drop height, and the water flows out in a thin layer.

[0024] Under high water volume conditions, the water level in the pool rises, the float 7 floats up, the vertical transmission rod 8 lifts the horizontal rocker arm 9, the horizontal rocker arm 9 drives the baffle plate 2 to rotate around the horizontal hinge axis towards the center of the pool, the inclination angle between the plate surface and the vertical direction increases, at the same time the vertical transmission rod 8 pushes the swing arm 17 upward through the transmission connecting rod 18, the swing arm 17 drives the long rotating shaft 16 to rotate in the opposite direction, the bar body 13 rotates around the short hinge shaft 15 of the root ear plate 14 to the vertically retracted state, the bar body 13 plate surface tends to be flat. The flow path is on the baffle plate 2, which reduces mechanical obstruction to the suspended packing and allows the packing to be fully fluidized in the inter-plate area with the high-speed water flow. The lower edge of the arc-shaped guide plate 3 is far away from the bottom of the pool, and the variable flow gap is widened, allowing aging, broken suspended packing or detached biofilm to enter the next compartment or the bottom sludge collection tank 19 with the water flow, realizing the natural renewal and particle size screening of the packing. The bottom edge of the overflow gap 4 is increased in distance from the downstream liquid surface, and the drop height is increased, forming a drop oxygenation and generating pulse hydraulic disturbance.

[0025] Through the above structure, the baffle plate 2 is transformed from a single static partition into a dynamic hydraulic regulating component. Through the pure mechanical coupling of the float linkage drive mechanism and the linkage guide bar mechanism, the distribution, fluidization and renewal of the suspended packing are incorporated into the same control system, realizing the dual-parameter linkage and adaptive control of hydraulic conditions and packing state. No electrical control, pneumatic or manual intervention is required throughout the process. The structure is simple and reliable, and the operating energy consumption is extremely low, which significantly reduces the frequency and cost of operation and maintenance of rural sewage treatment facilities. It is particularly suitable for the actual needs of unattended and low-maintenance rural domestic sewage treatment facilities.

[0026] Although embodiments of the invention have been shown and described, those skilled in the art will understand that various changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, the scope of which is defined by the claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A rural domestic sewage treatment device coupled with multi-stage baffles and suspended packing, characterized in that, It includes a pool body, multi-stage baffles arranged at intervals in the pool body along the water flow direction, and suspended packing material added to the pool body; Each baffle plate is a rectangular flat plate with its surface perpendicular to the direction of water flow. The upper part of one edge of the baffle plate is hinged to the pool wall through a horizontal hinge shaft. The axis of the horizontal hinge shaft is parallel to the width of the pool, and the baffle plate can rotate in the vertical plane around the horizontal hinge shaft. The baffle plate is equipped with a float linkage drive mechanism, which includes a float, a vertical transmission rod, a horizontal rocker arm, a pin, and a support. The float floats on the surface of the liquid in the pool. The lower end of the vertical transmission rod is fixedly connected to the float, and the upper end is hinged to one end of the horizontal rocker arm. The middle part of the horizontal rocker arm is connected to the support fixed to the pool wall through the pin. The other end of the horizontal rocker arm is fixedly connected to the back of the baffle plate. The float rises and falls with the liquid level, driving the baffle plate to rotate around the horizontal hinge axis. The baffle plate is equipped with a linkage guide bar on its water-facing surface. The linkage guide bar includes multiple bar bodies, a rotating shaft, a swing arm, and a transmission link. Each bar body is arranged at equal intervals along the width of the baffle plate's water-facing surface. Each bar body has an ear plate at its root. The bar body is hinged to the ear plate through a short hinge shaft, allowing the bar body to rotate around the width of the pool. Each bar body has a through hole at its free end. A full-length rotating shaft passes through the through holes at the free ends of all bar bodies along the width of the pool and is fixedly connected to the bar body. The end of the full-length rotating shaft near the pool wall extends out of the side edge of the baffle plate. The extended end is fixedly connected to a swing arm. The swing arm is linked to a vertical transmission rod through a transmission link, so that when the float rises and falls with the liquid level, the linkage guide bar rotates synchronously around the short hinge shaft of the ear plate at its root. The bottom edge of the baffle plate is provided with an arc-shaped guide plate, and a variable flow gap is formed between the lower edge of the arc-shaped guide plate and the bottom of the pool. The size of the variable flow gap changes with the rotation angle of the baffle plate. An overflow notch is provided at the top of the baffle plate.

2. The rural domestic sewage treatment device coupled with multi-stage baffles and suspended packing as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The float is a closed hollow cylindrical body with its axis parallel to the width of the pool. The vertical transmission rod is a straight rod arranged in the vertical direction, and the horizontal rocker arm is a straight rod arranged in the direction of water flow. The pin passes through the through hole in the middle of the horizontal rocker arm along the width of the pool to hinge the horizontal rocker arm to the support.

3. The rural domestic sewage treatment device coupled with multi-stage baffles and suspended packing as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The vertical transmission rod has a hinge pin extending laterally in the middle. The upper end of the transmission connecting rod is hinged to the hinge pin, and the lower end of the transmission connecting rod is hinged to the hinge hole at the outer end of the swing arm.

4. A rural domestic sewage treatment device coupled with multi-stage baffles and suspended packing as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The swing arm is a rectangular cross-section plate. One end of the swing arm has a round hole, which is fixedly connected to the end of the continuous rotating shaft. The other end of the swing arm has a round hole, which is hinged to the lower end of the transmission connecting rod.

5. A rural domestic sewage treatment device coupled with multi-stage baffles and suspended packing as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The vertical transmission rod, horizontal rocker arm, swing arm, and transmission link are all located in the same vertical plane perpendicular to the width of the pool, forming a planar linkage mechanism; the full-length rotating shaft passes through this vertical plane along the width of the pool and is fixedly connected to the swing arm.

6. A rural domestic sewage treatment device coupled with multi-stage baffles and suspended packing as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The arc-shaped guide plate and the baffle plate body are bent or welded together as a whole.

7. A rural domestic sewage treatment device coupled with multi-stage baffles and suspended packing as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The overflow gap is a rectangular gap with a horizontal bottom edge. The gap depth is one-eighth to one-sixth of the height of the baffle plate. When the baffle plate is vertical, the drop height between the bottom edge of the overflow gap and the downstream liquid surface is the smallest. When the baffle plate rotates towards the center of the pool, the drop height increases.

8. A rural domestic sewage treatment device coupled with multi-stage baffles and suspended packing as described in claim 1, characterized in that, Limiting blocks are provided on the back of the baffle or on the pool wall. The limiting blocks are used to limit the maximum rotation angle of the baffle and prevent the baffle from overturning.

9. A rural domestic sewage treatment device coupled with multi-stage baffles and suspended packing as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The baffle plate has biofilm ribs on its water-facing and back surfaces. The biofilm ribs are rectangular cross-section strips arranged perpendicular to the plate surface, and the length of the ribs is parallel to the width of the pool.

10. A rural domestic sewage treatment device coupled with multi-stage baffles and suspended packing as described in claim 1, characterized in that, A sludge collection trough is provided on the downstream side of the pool bottom corresponding to the variable flow gap. The sludge collection trough is a long trough arranged along the width of the pool, and a sludge discharge pipe is connected to the bottom of the trough.

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