Ecological slope protection fiber blanket with root system biomimetic anchoring and microbial grouting synergy

Abstract

This application discloses an ecological slope protection fiber blanket that combines root-based biomimetic anchoring with microbial grouting, relating to the field of slope ecological restoration technology. It includes: a stress-resistant seed water-retaining layer, a microbial microcapsule slow-release layer, and a biomimetic fiber mesh layer. The stress-resistant seed water-retaining layer comprises an upper protective net, a water-retaining nutrient layer, and a bonding layer, arranged sequentially from top to bottom. The microbial microcapsule slow-release layer is located below the stress-resistant seed water-retaining layer and includes a solidified microbial community and a microcapsule embedding layer, with the solidified microbial community filling the microcapsule embedding layer. The biomimetic fiber mesh layer is located below the microbial microcapsule slow-release layer and includes a taproot, fibrous roots, and microroots, which work together to form a biomimetic fiber mesh structure. This application achieves both short-term ecological restoration and long-term stability balance of slopes.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of slope ecological restoration technology, and in particular to an ecological slope protection fiber blanket that combines root biomimetic anchoring with microbial grouting. Background Technology

[0002] Slope ecological restoration technology refers to the technology of restoring ecological functions through a combination of engineering and biological measures. Currently, the main slope ecological restoration technologies are: 1. Pure ecological slope protection technology, such as hydroseeding, laying turf or vegetation mats. This method mainly relies on the shallow root system of plants to stabilize the soil. It has good initial effects but insufficient deep stability and is easily affected by heavy rainfall or runoff erosion, resulting in shallow landslides; 2. Traditional engineering slope protection technology, such as masonry, concrete grid or anchor support. Although this method has strong deep stability, it damages the soil ecology, has poor landscape effects and is costly.

[0003] Therefore, neither purely ecological slope protection technology nor traditional engineering slope protection technology can guarantee effective ecological restoration of ecological slopes without damaging the soil ecology. Summary of the Invention

[0004] To address the issues of poor ecological performance and difficulty in achieving synergistic effects between ecological functions and deep reinforcement in traditional ecological slope protection technologies, this application provides an ecological slope protection fiber blanket that combines root-based biomimetic anchoring with microbial grouting.

[0005] This application provides an ecological slope protection fiber blanket that combines root-mimetic anchoring and microbial grouting, employing the following technical solution: An ecological slope protection fiber blanket combining root-based biomimetic anchoring and microbial grouting comprises: a stress-resistant seed water-retaining layer, a microbial microcapsule slow-release layer, and a biomimetic fiber mesh layer. The stress-resistant seed water-retaining layer includes an upper protective net, a water-retaining nutrient layer, and an adhesive layer, arranged sequentially from top to bottom. The microbial microcapsule slow-release layer is located below the stress-resistant seed water-retaining layer and includes a solidified microbial community and a microcapsule embedding layer, with the solidified microbial community filling the microcapsule embedding layer. The biomimetic fiber mesh layer is located below the microbial microcapsule slow-release layer and includes a taproot, fibrous roots, and microroots, which work together to form a biomimetic fiber mesh structure.

[0006] By adopting the above technical solution, the ecological slope protection fiber blanket is laid from top to bottom. After laying, the surface of the ecological slope protection fiber blanket is lightly covered with fine soil, and water is poured on the ecological slope protection fiber blanket to retain water and activate it through the water-retaining nutrient layer. At the same time, the biomimetic fiber mesh layer will make initial contact and anchor with the slope.

[0007] Optionally, the water-retaining nutrient layer includes a partition mesh, a water-retaining filler, plant seeds, and a biodegradable outer membrane. The partition mesh is located below the upper protective mesh and forms multiple evenly distributed vegetation units inside.

[0008] By adopting the above technical solution, the water-retaining filler is filled and limited by the vegetation units, ensuring the integrated state of the water-retaining filler and reducing the risk of the water-retaining filler scattering during the transportation or laying of the ecological slope protection fiber blanket. At the same time, multiple vegetation units can help to ensure the uniform distribution of plant seeds.

[0009] Optionally, the plurality of the vegetation units are distributed in a matrix pattern, and the water-retaining filler is filled in the vegetation unit. The water-retaining filler is a mixture of composite water-retaining material and stress-resistance modifier.

[0010] By adopting the above technical solution, the water-retaining filler is used to ensure the water retention performance of the ecological slope protection fiber blanket and to provide nutrients for the germination of plant seeds, ensuring the germination rate and growth rate of plant seeds, so that plant seeds can adapt to slopes with different conditions.

[0011] Optionally, the plant seeds are evenly distributed within multiple vegetation units, the biodegradable outer membrane is wrapped around the outside of the plant seeds, and the biodegradable outer membrane is pre-embedded in the water-retaining filler.

[0012] By adopting the above technical solution, the plant seeds are wrapped with a biodegradable outer membrane, which ensures the transportation and storage effect of the plant seeds, reduces the risk of plant seeds germinating before the ecological slope protection fiber blanket is laid, and extends the storage period of the ecological slope protection fiber blanket.

[0013] Optionally, the composite water-retaining material is composed of modified superabsorbent polymer (SAP), coconut fiber, and humus, and the stress-resistance modifier is composed of a water-retaining agent, a slow-release drought-resistant agent, desulfurized gypsum, humic acid, and slow-release organic fertilizer.

[0014] By adopting the above technical solutions, the water retention capacity of the slope is guaranteed during use through composite water-retaining materials. The addition of stress-resistance modifiers makes the ecological slope protection fiber blanket suitable for arid, saline-alkali, and barren slopes, thus improving its applicability.

[0015] Optionally, the consolidation microbial community consists of Bacillus pasteurellii, urease-producing bacteria, and silicate bacteria.

[0016] By adopting the above technical solution, when in use, the consolidating microbial community can synergistically improve the mineralization cementation efficiency, while silicate bacteria can decompose silicate minerals in rock slopes to achieve cementation at the rock-soil interface.

[0017] Optionally, the microcapsule encapsulation layer is configured as a double layer, with the inner layer being a sodium alginate-chitosan composite membrane and the outer layer being a polylactic acid (PLA) membrane.

[0018] By adopting the above technical solution, when in use, the inner sodium alginate-chitosan composite membrane can maintain the biological activity of the internal solidified microbial community, while the outer polylactic acid (PLA) membrane can be hydrolyzed, and the gradient release of the solidified microbial community is achieved as the PLA membrane is gradually hydrolyzed.

[0019] Optionally, the main root is made of polylactic acid (PLA) coarse fiber, the fibrous roots are made of corrosion-resistant polypropylene (PP) fine fiber, and the micro-roots are made of nanocellulose microfiber.

[0020] By adopting the above technical solution, the taproot provides initial mechanical support for the fibrous roots and can degrade to provide organic matter. The fibrous roots can remain stable and non-degradable for a long time and can form a reinforced network with the calcium carbonate cement in the slope, ensuring the anchoring effect of the ecological slope protection fiber blanket. The micro-roots can guide the growth of plant roots and improve the erosion resistance of the slope soil surface.

[0021] Optionally, the main root, fibrous roots, and micro-roots are woven in three dimensions to form a biomimetic fiber mesh structure, and the porosity of the biomimetic fiber mesh structure is adjusted according to the depth gradient.

[0022] By adopting the above technical solutions, it is easy to improve the mechanical anchoring effect of the biomimetic fiber mesh layer.

[0023] Optionally, a waterproof and breathable side membrane is also included, which is wrapped around the outside of the stress-resistant seed water-retaining layer and the microbial microcapsule sustained-release layer.

[0024] By adopting the above technical solution, and by wrapping the ecological slope protection fiber blanket with a waterproof and breathable side membrane, the loss of internal materials caused by rainwater erosion can be avoided, thus ensuring the stability of the ecological slope protection fiber blanket in use.

[0025] In summary, the embodiments of the present invention provide an ecological slope protection fiber blanket that combines root-mimetic anchoring and microbial grouting, including at least one of the following beneficial technical effects: 1. By adopting the synergistic combination of plant root biomimetic anchoring and microbial microcapsule slow-release layer, the coupling of plant root mechanical anchoring and microbial biobonding is realized in the surface-middle-deep layers, so that the biomimetic fiber net can provide gradient guidance and support for plant root growth, forming a four-dimensional integrated composite reinforcement system of "reinforcement-net-adhesive-root", which significantly improves the shear strength of the soil in the root zone and the slope stability. 2. The biomimetic fiber mesh structure can guide plant roots to grow deep, and microbial cementation can improve soil durability, achieving a balance between short-term ecological restoration and long-term stability of slopes; 3. The product can be prefabricated and laid on site, which greatly reduces the complex process of traditional engineering slope protection and the disturbance to the slope ecology, saving the construction cost of slope ecological restoration. Attached Figure Description

[0026] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the structure of the ecological slope protection fiber blanket that combines root biomimetic anchoring and microbial grouting in an embodiment of the present invention. Figure 2 for Figure 1 Enlarged view of the structure at point A in the middle; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the water-retaining nutrient layer in the ecological slope protection fiber blanket that combines root-based biomimetic anchoring and microbial grouting, as provided in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0027] Explanation of markings in the diagram: 1. Stress-resistant seed water-retaining layer; 101. Upper protective net; 102. Water-retaining nutrient layer; 1021. Separating rib net; 1022. Water-retaining filler; 1023. Plant seeds; 1024. Biodegradable outer membrane; 103. Adhesive layer; 2. Microbial microcapsule sustained-release layer; 3. Bionic fiber mesh layer; 301. Main root; 302. Fibrous roots; 303. Micro-roots; 4. Waterproof and breathable side membrane. Detailed Implementation

[0028] The following is in conjunction with the appendix Figure 1-3 This application will be described in further detail.

[0029] Combination Figure 1 This application discloses an ecological slope protection fiber blanket that combines root-mimetic anchoring and microbial grouting, comprising: a stress-resistant seed water-retaining layer 1, a microbial microcapsule slow-release layer 2, and a biomimetic fiber mesh layer 3. In practical applications, the stress-resistant seed water-retaining layer 1 retains water and promotes seed germination, while the microbial microcapsule slow-release layer 2 provides microbial bonding to the slope soil, improving the anchoring effect. Simultaneously, the biomimetic fiber mesh layer 3 guides plant root growth and assists in anchoring, enhancing the erosion resistance of the slope soil surface.

[0030] Combination Figure 1 and Figure 2The stress-resistant seed water-retaining layer 1 includes an upper protective net 101, a water-retaining nutrient layer 102, and an adhesive layer 103, arranged sequentially from top to bottom. The upper protective net 101 is used to block and protect the upper side of the water-retaining nutrient layer 102, preventing the internal materials of the water-retaining nutrient layer 102 from scattering. The adhesive layer 103 is used to improve the connection effect between the stress-resistant seed water-retaining layer 1 and the microbial microcapsule slow-release layer 2.

[0031] Combination Figure 1 and Figure 3 The water-retaining nutrient layer 102 includes a separating mesh 1021, a water-retaining filler 1022, plant seeds 1023, and a biodegradable outer membrane 1024. The separating mesh 1021 is located below the upper protective mesh 101 and forms multiple evenly distributed vegetation units within it. These vegetation units fill and limit the water-retaining filler 1022, ensuring its integrated state and reducing the risk of the filler 1022 scattering during transportation or laying of the ecological slope protection fiber blanket. Simultaneously, the multiple vegetation units also assist in the even distribution of the plant seeds 1023.

[0032] Specifically, multiple vegetation units are distributed in a lattice pattern. This allows the plant seeds 1023 to also exhibit a lattice distribution along with the vegetation units, avoiding competition for seedlings caused by clustered germination and improving the acreage establishment rate.

[0033] Combination Figure 1 and Figure 3 Water-retaining filler 1022 is filled within the vegetation unit. Water-retaining filler 1022 is a mixture of composite water-retaining material and stress-resistance modifier. Water-retaining filler 1022 ensures the water retention performance of the ecological slope protection fiber blanket and provides nutrients for the germination of plant seeds 1023, ensuring the germination rate and growth rate of plant seeds 1023, enabling plant seeds 1023 to adapt to slope conditions.

[0034] The composite water-retaining material has a porous, sponge-like structure, possessing the advantages of high water absorption and slow water release. It is composed of modified superabsorbent polymer (SAP), coconut fiber, and humus, ensuring the slope's water retention capacity.

[0035] Specifically, the stress-resistance modifier consists of a water-retaining agent, a slow-release drought-resistant agent, desulfurized gypsum, humic acid, and slow-release organic fertilizer. By incorporating the stress-resistance modifier, the ecological slope protection fiber blanket can be applied to arid, saline-alkali, and barren slopes, thus improving its applicability.

[0036] Combination Figure 3Plant seeds 1023 are evenly distributed within multiple vegetation units. A biodegradable outer membrane 1024 wraps around the outside of the plant seeds 1023 and is pre-embedded within the water-retaining filler 1022. Wrapping the plant seeds 1023 with the biodegradable outer membrane 1024 ensures effective transportation and storage of the plant seeds 1023, reduces the risk of germination of the plant seeds 1023 before the ecological slope protection fiber blanket is laid, and extends the shelf life of the ecological slope protection fiber blanket.

[0037] Specifically, plant seeds 1023 are adapted according to slope type: for soil slopes, choose Bermuda grass and Amorpha fruticosa; for rocky and barren slopes, choose Magnolia multiflora and Vitex negundo; for saline-alkali slopes, choose Suaeda salsa and Hippophae rhamnoides; and for drawdown zones, choose Acorus calamus and Reed.

[0038] Among them, the biodegradable outer membrane 1024 is a material that can be degraded by water.

[0039] Combination Figure 1 and Figure 2 The microbial microcapsule sustained-release layer 2 is disposed below the stress-resistant seed water-retaining layer 1. The microbial microcapsule sustained-release layer 2 includes a consolidating microbial community and a microcapsule embedding layer, with the consolidating microbial community filling the microcapsule embedding layer. The consolidating microbial community consists of Bacillus pasteurellii, urease-producing bacteria, and silicate bacteria. The consolidating microbial community can synergistically improve the mineralization cementation efficiency, while the silicate bacteria can decompose silicate minerals in rock slopes, achieving cementation at the rock-soil interface.

[0040] It is worth noting that the microcapsule encapsulation layer has a double-layer configuration: an inner layer of sodium alginate-chitosan composite membrane and an outer layer of polylactic acid (PLA) membrane. The inner sodium alginate-chitosan composite membrane can maintain the bioactivity of the internally bound microbial community, while the outer PLA membrane can be hydrolyzed, and the gradual hydrolysis of the PLA membrane achieves the gradient release of the bound microbial community.

[0041] In addition, the microcapsule embedding layer is arranged in a honeycomb pattern, corresponding to the nodes of the biomimetic fiber mesh layer 3, which can achieve targeted mineralization and improve the synergistic effect of the biomimetic fiber mesh layer 3 with slope bonding and anchoring.

[0042] Combination Figure 1 and Figure 2 A biomimetic fiber mesh layer 3 is disposed below the microbial microcapsule slow-release layer 2. The biomimetic fiber mesh layer 3 includes a taproot 301, fibrous roots 302, and microroots 303, which work together to form a biomimetic fiber mesh structure. By guiding the growth of plant roots and assisting in anchoring them through the biomimetic fiber mesh layer 3, the erosion resistance of the slope soil surface is improved.

[0043] Specifically, the main root 301 is made of coarse polylactic acid (PLA) fibers with a diameter of 8-10 mm. Main root 301 provides initial mechanical support for the fibrous roots 302 and is biodegradable, providing organic matter. Fibrous roots 302 are made of corrosion-resistant polypropylene (PP) fine fibers with a diameter of 2-3 mm. Fibrous roots 302 are stable and non-degradable over a long period and can form a reinforced network with the calcium carbonate cement within the slope, ensuring the anchoring effect of the ecological slope protection fiber blanket. Microroots 303 are made of nanocellulose microfibers with a diameter of 500-800 nm. Microroots 303 can guide plant root growth and improve the erosion resistance of the slope soil surface.

[0044] Preferably, the main root 301, fibrous roots 302, and micro-roots 303 are woven into a three-dimensional biomimetic fiber mesh structure, and the porosity of the biomimetic fiber mesh structure is adjusted according to the depth gradient. The porosity of the surface layer of the slope is 60%-70%, and the porosity of the deep layer of the slope is 30%-40%.

[0045] In addition, the surface of the biomimetic fiber mesh structure is treated with hydrophilicity and modified with mineralization to improve the adhesion of microorganisms and the binding of calcium carbonate precipitation.

[0046] Combination Figure 3 It also includes a waterproof and breathable side membrane 4, which wraps around the outside of the stress-resistant seed water-retaining layer 1 and the microbial microcapsule slow-release layer 2. By wrapping the waterproof and breathable side membrane 4 around the ecological slope protection fiber blanket, the loss of internal materials due to rainwater erosion can be prevented, thus ensuring the stability of the ecological slope protection fiber blanket in use.

[0047] In practical use, the ecological slope protection fiber blanket is laid from top to bottom. After laying, the ecological slope protection fiber blanket is anchored with rivets. At the same time, the surface of the ecological slope protection fiber blanket is lightly covered with fine soil, and water is poured on the ecological slope protection fiber blanket. Through rainwater irrigation or watering, the water-retaining filler 1022 stores water and the biodegradable outer membrane 1024 degrades, allowing the plant seeds 1023 to enter the germination state.

[0048] Simultaneously, the consolidating microbial community in the microbial microcapsule sustained-release layer 2 and the microcapsule encapsulation layer are degraded in sync. By releasing the consolidating microbial community in a sustained manner, the consolidating microbial community can synergistically mineralize and cement the slope, achieving cementation at the rock-soil interface of the slope and ensuring the effect of soil stabilization on the slope.

[0049] In addition, the taproot 301, fibrous roots 302 and micro-roots 303 can reinforce the slope with soil and guide the root growth of plant seeds 1023, thus achieving a balance between short-term ecological restoration and long-term stability of the slope.

[0050] This specific embodiment is merely an explanation of this application and is not intended to limit it. After reading this specification, those skilled in the art can make modifications to this embodiment without contributing any inventive step, but such modifications are protected by patent law as long as they fall within the scope of the claims of this application.

Claims

1. Ecological slope protection fiber blankets that combine root-mimetic anchoring with microbial grouting, including: The stress-resistant seed water-retaining layer (1), the microbial microcapsule sustained-release layer (2), and the biomimetic fiber mesh layer (3) are characterized by: The stress-resistant seed water-retaining layer (1) includes an upper protective net (101), a water-retaining nutrient layer (102), and an adhesive layer (103), which are arranged sequentially from top to bottom; The microbial microcapsule sustained-release layer (2) is disposed below the stress-resistant seed water-retaining layer (1). The microbial microcapsule sustained-release layer (2) includes a solidified microbial community and a microcapsule embedding layer. The solidified microbial community is filled in the microcapsule embedding layer. The biomimetic fiber mesh layer (3) is disposed below the microbial microcapsule sustained-release layer (2). The biomimetic fiber mesh layer (3) includes a main root (301), fibrous roots (302) and micro roots (303). The main root (301), fibrous roots (302) and micro roots (303) work together to form a biomimetic fiber mesh structure.

2. The ecological slope protection fiber blanket with root-inspired bionic anchoring and microbial grouting synergy as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The water-retaining nutrient layer (102) includes a separating mesh (1021), a water-retaining filler (1022), plant seeds (1023), and a biodegradable outer membrane (1024). The separating mesh (1021) is located below the upper protective mesh (101) and forms multiple uniformly distributed vegetation units inside.

3. The ecological slope protection fiber blanket with root-inspired bionic anchoring and microbial grouting synergy as described in claim 2, characterized in that: Multiple vegetation units are distributed in a dot matrix pattern, and the water-retaining filler (1022) is filled in the vegetation unit. The water-retaining filler (1022) is a mixture of composite water-retaining material and stress-resistant modifier.

4. The ecological slope protection fiber blanket with root-inspired bionic anchoring and microbial grouting synergy as described in claim 3, characterized in that: The plant seeds (1023) are evenly distributed in multiple vegetation units, and the biodegradable outer membrane (1024) is wrapped around the outside of the plant seeds (1023), and the biodegradable outer membrane (1024) is pre-embedded in the water-retaining filler (1022).

5. The ecological slope protection fiber blanket with root-inspired bionic anchoring and microbial grouting synergy as described in claim 3, characterized in that: The composite water-retaining material is composed of modified superabsorbent polymer (SAP), coconut fiber, and humus, while the stress-resistance modifier is composed of a water-retaining agent, a slow-release drought-resistant agent, desulfurized gypsum, humic acid, and slow-release organic fertilizer.

6. The ecological slope protection fiber blanket with root-inspired bionic anchoring and microbial grouting synergy as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The consolidation microbial community consists of Bacillus pasteurellii, urease-producing bacteria, and silicate bacteria.

7. The ecological slope protection fiber blanket with root-inspired bionic anchoring and microbial grouting synergy as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The microcapsule encapsulation layer is a double-layer structure, with the inner layer being a sodium alginate-chitosan composite membrane and the outer layer being a polylactic acid (PLA) membrane.

8. The ecological slope protection fiber blanket with root-inspired bionic anchoring and microbial grouting synergy as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The main root (301) is made of polylactic acid (PLA) coarse fiber, the fibrous roots (302) are made of corrosion-resistant polypropylene (PP) fine fiber, and the micro-roots (303) are made of nanocellulose microfiber.

9. The ecological slope protection fiber blanket with root-inspired bionic anchoring and microbial grouting synergy as described in claim 8, characterized in that: The main root (301), fibrous roots (302) and micro-roots (303) are woven into a three-dimensional biomimetic fiber mesh structure, and the porosity of the biomimetic fiber mesh structure is adjusted according to the depth gradient.

10. The ecological slope protection fiber blanket with root-inspired bionic anchoring and microbial grouting synergy as described in claim 1, characterized in that: It also includes a waterproof and breathable side membrane (4), which is wrapped around the outside of the stress-resistant seed water-retaining layer (1) and the microbial microcapsule sustained-release layer (2).

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