An underground ventilation system and method

Abstract

This invention discloses an underground ventilation system and method, belonging to the field of underground environmental engineering technology. It includes a fan device with an air outlet. A support block is located on the side of the air outlet away from the fan device. A fixed pipe is fixedly connected to the side of the support block closest to the fan device. An installation block is located on the side of the support block away from the fan device, and a fixed pipe is fixedly connected to the side of the support block closest to the installation block. In this invention, when water drips through the hemispherical block two into the support block, it collides with rotating water-dispersing wires, support wires, and hydrophobic wires. These wires further disperse the water droplets into a water mist. When air is discharged through the fixed pipe two, it carries away a significant amount of water mist. This increases air humidity, and the airflow driving the fan blades humidifies the area inside the support block. This system is energy-efficient and environmentally friendly, as it does not require additional electrical power.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to an underground ventilation system and method, belonging to the field of underground environmental engineering technology. Background Technology

[0002] Traditional underground ventilation systems mainly rely on fans to circulate and refresh air. The environment in underground spaces is quite unique, often with dry air. Traditional ventilation systems typically focus on air circulation but are not effective at regulating air humidity, making it difficult to meet the comfort requirements of underground spaces.

[0003] Therefore, a new solution is needed to address this problem. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide an underground ventilation system and method, which solves the problem that the existing underground ventilation system mainly relies on fan equipment to achieve air circulation and renewal. The environment of underground space is relatively special and often has the problem of dry air. Traditional ventilation systems usually focus on air circulation and are difficult to effectively regulate air humidity, making it difficult to meet the needs of underground space for a comfortable environment.

[0005] The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is achieved by the following technical solution: an underground ventilation system, including a fan device, an air outlet is provided on the fan device, a support block is provided on the side of the air outlet away from the fan device, a fixed pipe is fixedly connected to the side of the support block close to the fan device, an installation block is provided on the side of the support block away from the fan device, a fixed pipe is fixedly connected to the side of the support block close to the installation block, a support pipe is fixedly connected to the side of the installation block close to the support block, and a telescopic flexible hose is fixedly connected between the support pipe and the fixed pipe, as well as between the fixed pipe and the air outlet; A limiting groove communicating with the inside of the support block is opened on one side of the outer surface. A water-proof plate is fixedly connected in the limiting groove. Hemisphere 1 and hemisphere 2 are rotatably arranged in the limiting groove. A water storage tank is fixedly connected to one side of the support block. A bellows is arranged on the side of the water storage tank away from the support block. A drive mechanism that can drive hemisphere 2 and hemisphere 1 to rotate is arranged on the bellows. The mounting block is equipped with an air conditioning mechanism that can adjust the airflow direction; The second hemispherical block is equipped with a dispersing mechanism that can disperse water into water mist.

[0006] The present invention is further configured such that: the driving mechanism includes a positioning tube fixedly connected to one side of the fixed tube one, the end of the positioning tube away from the fixed tube one being fixedly connected to the air box, an installation tube fixedly connected to the fixed tube two, the end of the installation tube away from the fixed tube two being fixedly connected to the side of the air box away from the positioning tube, and an air inlet is provided on the side of the fan equipment away from the air outlet.

[0007] The invention is further configured such that: the driving mechanism also includes a connecting groove through which the water baffle is opened; the upper side of the first hemispherical block extends into the water storage tank; a limiting shaft is fixedly connected to the side of the second hemispherical block near the first hemispherical block; the limiting shaft passes through the connecting groove; the upper end of the limiting shaft passes through the first hemispherical block; the limiting shaft is fixedly connected to the first hemispherical block; the upper end of the limiting shaft rotates through the water storage tank and the air box; multiple fan blades are fixedly connected to the limiting shaft; and a water inlet pipe is fixedly connected to the outer surface of the water storage tank.

[0008] By adopting the above technical solution, the fan equipment draws air into the fan equipment through the air inlet. After the air is accelerated by the impeller inside the fan equipment, it is discharged at high speed through the air outlet. The air enters the support block through the air outlet, the telescopic hose, and the fixed pipe one. Some of the air enters the air box through the positioning pipe. The air entering the air box drives the fan blades to rotate around the limit shaft, which in turn drives the limit shaft and the fan blades to rotate. The rotation of the limit shaft synchronously drives the rotation of hemispherical block one and hemispherical block two.

[0009] The invention is further configured such that: the dispersing mechanism includes multiple water-dispersing steel wires, the ends of the multiple water-dispersing steel wires away from the second hemisphere are fixedly connected to a vertical shaft, the ends of the second hemisphere are fixedly connected to a vertical shaft, multiple support wires are fixed on the water-dispersing steel wires, the ends of the support wires away from the water-dispersing steel wires are fixedly connected to the vertical shaft, multiple water-guiding grooves are provided on both the first and second hemispheres, the water-guiding grooves on the first hemisphere are aligned with the water-guiding grooves on the second hemisphere, multiple water outlet grooves are provided on the outer surface of the water-separating plate, multiple water-guiding grooves are provided on the second hemisphere, and a support ring is fixedly connected to the end of the water-dispersing steel wire away from the second hemisphere.

[0010] The invention is further configured such that: the dispersing mechanism also includes multiple hydrophobic wires, which are fixedly connected to the support ring; multiple water-dispersing balls are fixedly connected inside the water guide channel 2; and an inclined air guide plate is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the fixed pipe 1.

[0011] By adopting the above technical solution, when the fan equipment is started and the limiting shaft is rotated, the rotation of the limiting shaft synchronously drives hemispherical block one and hemispherical block two to rotate. The rotation of hemispherical block two synchronously drives the water-distributing steel wire, support wire, vertical shaft, support ring and drainage wire to rotate. During the rotation of hemispherical block one and hemispherical block two, the water guide channel one can be aligned with the water outlet channel. When the water guide channel one is aligned with the water outlet channel, the water in the water storage tank flows into the support block through the water guide channel one on hemispherical block one, the water outlet channel and the water guide channel one on hemispherical block two. When the water guide channel one and the water outlet channel are misaligned, the baffle plate can prevent the water in the water storage tank from flowing into the support block through the water guide channel one. When water from the storage tank enters the support block through the water guide channel, the water-distributing steel wire, support wire, and drainage wire rotate around the axis of the limiting shaft. As the water drips into the support block through the hemispherical block, it collides with the rotating water-distributing steel wire, support wire, and drainage wire. The water-distributing steel wire, support wire, and drainage wire further disperse the water droplets into water mist. When the air is discharged through the fixed pipe, it carries away a lot of water mist. On the one hand, this can increase the air humidity, and on the other hand, when there are a lot of large water mist particles in the air, it can play a role in dust suppression.

[0012] A solenoid valve is also installed on the positioning tube, and the PLC controller is electrically connected to the solenoid valve on the positioning tube. In this solution, when it is necessary to stop humidifying the air, the PLC controller needs to control the solenoid valve on the water inlet pipe to close. As hemispherical blocks two and one rotate, the water in the storage tank will be gradually emptied, thus ending the humidification of the air. When the solenoid valve on the water inlet pipe is closed, stopping the water filling into the storage tank and the water in the storage tank is gradually emptied, if the solenoid valve on the positioning tube is in the open state, the water-spreading steel wire and support wire will agitate the air, further breaking up the water droplets in the air and making the water mist in the air finer, thereby improving the humidification effect. Furthermore, the air blowing the fan blades can humidify the area inside the support block without using additional electrical energy, making it more energy-efficient and environmentally friendly. However, if the PLC controller controls the solenoid valve on the positioning tube to close at this time, the air cannot enter the air box through the positioning tube, thus stopping the drive of the water-spreading steel wire and support wire by the fan blades.

[0013] The invention is further configured such that: the air regulating mechanism includes a rotating groove that runs through the mounting block, the rotating groove is connected to a support pipe, a rotating pipe is slidably connected in the rotating groove, one end of the rotating pipe extends out of the outer side of the mounting block through the rotating groove and is fixedly connected to a fixing frame, a plurality of electric actuators are fixedly installed in the mounting groove, a fixing ball is fixedly connected to the telescopic end of the electric actuator, a fixing ring groove is opened on the side of the fixing frame near the mounting block, the output end of the electric actuator is inserted into the fixing ring groove, and the fixing ball is slidably connected in the fixing ring groove.

[0014] The invention is further configured such that: the air regulating mechanism also includes two guide rail grooves opened at the inner end of the rotating groove, the guide rail grooves are spirally arranged, two positioning seats are fixedly connected to the outer surface of the rotating tube, a rolling groove is opened on the side of the positioning seat away from the rotating tube, a positioning ball is rolled in the rolling groove, and the two positioning seats can be respectively inserted into the two guide rail grooves.

[0015] The invention is further configured such that: the air regulating mechanism also includes a plurality of support rods rotatably connected between the inner walls of opposite sides of the fixed frame, a guide vane is fixedly connected to the support rod, the fixed frame is provided with two mounting cavities, the two ends of the support rod are respectively rotatably inserted into the two mounting cavities, a rotating arm is fixedly connected to both ends of the support rod, a vertical rod is rotatably connected to the end of the rotating arm away from the support rod, a connecting block is fixedly connected to the side of the vertical rod near the guide vane, and a sliding groove is opened on the side of the connecting block near the guide vane.

[0016] The invention is further configured such that: the air regulating mechanism also includes two rotating rods rotatably connected to the inner walls of opposite sides of the fixed frame; the ends of the rotating rods away from the air guide vanes penetrate into the mounting cavity and are fixedly connected to a support arm; a fixing block is fixedly connected to the side of the support arm away from the rotating rods; the fixing block can be inserted into the sliding groove; the fixing block is slidably connected to the sliding groove; and a fan is fixedly connected to the end of the rotating rod away from the support arm.

[0017] By adopting the above technical solution, when air is discharged through the rotating pipe, the airflow drives the fan to rotate. The fan rotation synchronously drives the rotating rod and the support arm to rotate. The support arm rotation synchronously drives the fixed block to rotate around the axis of the rotating rod. During the rotation of the fixed block around the rotating rod, it slides in the sliding groove, thereby driving the connecting block to move up and down. The connecting block synchronously drives the vertical rod to move up and down. Because the end of the rotating arm away from the support rod is rotatably connected to the vertical rod, the vertical movement of the vertical rod drives the rotating arm to reciprocate around the support rod. The rotating arm synchronously drives the support rod to reciprocate. The support rod drives the guide vanes to oscillate back and forth around the axis of the support rod. The reciprocating oscillation of the guide vanes can increase the airflow coverage area, thereby making the oxygen content and humidity in the underground space more uniform, further improving the efficiency of air exchange, and eliminating the need for electricity, thus saving energy and improving the practicality and working efficiency of the underground ventilation system.

[0018] When the electric actuator is activated, it moves the fixed frame closer to or further away from the mounting block. Initially, the fixed frame is in contact with the mounting block. As the electric actuator pushes the fixed frame away from the mounting block, the fixed frame moves the rotating tube. During this movement, the rotating tube causes the positioning seat to slide within the guide rail groove. As the positioning seat slides along the guide rail groove, it causes the rotating tube to rotate around the axis of the groove. This causes the rotating tube to move and rotate simultaneously, which in turn causes the fixed frame to rotate and move. This adjusts the direction of the airflow from the guide vanes, ensuring that the airflow from the rotating tube better meets the current underground ventilation needs. This further improves the airflow coverage, increases air exchange efficiency, and enhances the applicability and flexibility of the underground ventilation system.

[0019] The present invention is further configured as: a method of using an underground ventilation system, the method comprising: S1: Install and fix the fan equipment on the ground, and fix the support block to the top or side wall of the underground space. Fix the mounting block to the place where ventilation is required. S2: Start the fan equipment to deliver outside air through the air outlet, telescopic hose, fixed pipe one, support block, fixed pipe two, support pipe, mounting block and fixed frame to the underground area that needs ventilation; S3: When the positioning tube is connected to the fixed tube, some air enters the air box through the positioning tube, driving the fan blades to rotate around the axis of the limiting shaft. This causes the limiting shaft to synchronously drive the rotation of hemisphere 1 and hemisphere 2. Water in the water storage tank can flow into the support block through the water guide channel 1 and water outlet channel on hemisphere 1 and the water guide channel 1 on hemisphere 2. The water is then cut into water mist by the rotation of the water-distributing wire, support wire and water-draining wire and transported to the underground space along with the air to increase the humidity of the underground space. S4: When air is delivered through the rotating tube and the fixed frame, it blows the fan to rotate, thereby causing the guide vanes to swing, and the air is discharged with the swinging guide vanes. S5: Activate the electric actuator to push the fixed frame closer to or further away from the mounting block. During the process, the fixed frame will rotate, which can adjust the wind direction of the air being transported into the underground space.

[0020] The beneficial effects of this invention are: the water-distributing steel wire and the support wire agitate the air, further breaking down the water droplets and making the water mist in the air finer, thereby improving the humidification effect of the air. Furthermore, the air blowing the fan blades can humidify the support block without using additional electrical energy, making it more energy-efficient and environmentally friendly. If the PLC controller closes the solenoid valve on the positioning tube at this time, the air cannot enter the air box through the positioning tube, thereby stopping the drive of the water-distributing steel wire and the support wire by the fan blades. Attached Figure Description

[0021] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the mounting block structure of the present invention; Figure 3 This is a partial cross-sectional view of the mounting block of the present invention; Figure 4 for Figure 3 Enlarged view of point A; Figure 5 This is a vertical cross-sectional view of the fixed frame of the present invention; Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the rotating arm structure of the present invention; Figure 7 This is a cross-sectional view of the bellows of the present invention; Figure 8 This is a sectional view of the vertical section of the support block of the present invention; Figure 9 This is a cross-sectional plan view of the support block of the present invention; Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram of the hemispherical block two-structure of the present invention; Figure 11 This is a schematic diagram of the mounting block structure of the present invention.

[0022] In the picture: 1. Fan equipment; 2. Air inlet; 3. Air outlet; 4. Telescopic flexible hose; 5. Fixed pipe one; 6. Positioning pipe; 7. Support block; 8. Air box; 9. Water inlet pipe; 10. Water storage tank; 11. Mounting pipe; 12. Fixed pipe two; 13. Support pipe; 14. Mounting block; 15. Fixed frame; 16. Rotating pipe; 17. Positioning seat; 18. Positioning ball; 19. Rotating groove; 20. Guide rail groove; 21. Electric actuator; 22. Mounting groove; 23. Mounting seat; 24. Rolling groove; 25. Vertical rod; 26. Rotating arm; 27. Support rod; 2 8. Rotating rod; 29. ​​Fan; 30. Connecting block; 31. Support arm; 32. Guide vane; 33. Fixing block; 34. Sliding groove; 35. Limiting shaft; 36. Fan blade; 37. Hemispherical block one; 38. Water guide groove one; 39. Limiting groove; 40. Water baffle; 41. Water outlet groove; 42. Connecting groove; 43. Hemispherical block two; 44. Water-dispersing steel wire; 45. Guide plate; 46. Vertical shaft; 47. Support ring; 48. Drainage wire; 49. Support wire; 50. Water guide groove two; 51. Water-dispersing ball; 52. Fixing ball; 53. Fixing ring groove. Detailed Implementation

[0023] To facilitate a clear understanding of the technical means, inventive features, objectives, and effects of this invention, the following detailed description is provided. Figures 1 to 11 The invention will be further illustrated as shown.

[0024] like Figures 1 to 8As shown, the present invention relates to an underground ventilation system and method, including a fan device 1, an air outlet 3 provided on the fan device 1, the air outlet 3 communicating with the interior of the fan device 1, a support block 7 provided on the side of the air outlet 3 away from the fan device 1, a fixing pipe 5 fixedly connected to the side of the support block 7 near the fan device 1, an mounting block 14 provided on the side of the support block 7 away from the fan device 1, a plurality of mounting seats 23 fixedly mounted on the mounting block 14, and a fixing pipe 12 fixedly connected to the side of the support block 7 near the mounting block 14. Fixed pipe 12 and fixed pipe 5 are both connected to the inside of the support block 7. The support pipe 13 is fixedly connected to the side of the mounting block 14 near the support block 7. The support pipe 13 and fixed pipe 12, as well as fixed pipe 5 and air outlet 3 are fixedly connected to each other. The fixed pipe 15 and air outlet 3 are connected through the flexible hose 4. The flexible hose 4 can be fixed to the top or side wall of the tunnel or underground passage with bolts. The fixed pipe 12 and support pipe 13 are also connected through the flexible hose 4. The support block 7 is hollow inside. A limiting groove 39 communicating with the inside of the support block 7 is opened on one outer surface of the support block 7. A water-proof plate 40 is fixedly connected in the limiting groove 39. A hemispherical block 37 and a hemispherical block 43 are rotatably arranged in the limiting groove 39. Both hemispherical blocks 37 and 43 are hemispherical. Hemispherical blocks 37 and 43 are arranged opposite to each other. The adjacent sides of hemispherical blocks 37 and 43 respectively abut against the upper and lower sides of the water-proof plate 40. A water storage tank 10 is fixedly connected to one side of the support block 7. The water storage tank 10 is filled with water. A bellows 8 is arranged on the side of the water storage tank 10 away from the support block 7. A drive mechanism that can drive hemispherical blocks 43 and 37 to rotate is provided on the bellows 8. The mounting block 14 is equipped with an air conditioning mechanism that can adjust the airflow direction; The lower side of the second hemispherical block 43 extends into the support block 7 through the limiting groove 39. The second hemispherical block 43 is equipped with a dispersing mechanism that can disperse water into water mist.

[0025] like Figures 7 to 9 As shown, the drive mechanism includes a positioning tube 6 fixedly connected to one side of the fixed tube 5. The positioning tube 6 is connected to the fixed tube 5. The end of the positioning tube 6 away from the fixed tube 5 is fixedly connected to the air box 8. The air box 8 is connected to the positioning tube 6. An installation tube 11 is fixedly connected to the fixed tube 12. The end of the installation tube 11 away from the fixed tube 12 is fixedly connected to the side of the air box 8 away from the positioning tube 6. The air box 8 is internally connected to the installation tube 11. An air inlet 2 is provided on the side of the fan equipment 1 away from the air outlet 3. The air inlet 2 is internally connected to the fan equipment 1.

[0026] like Figures 7 to 9As shown, the drive mechanism also includes a connecting groove 42 that passes through the baffle plate 40. The upper side of the first hemispherical block 37 extends into the water storage tank 10. The side of the second hemispherical block 43 near the first hemispherical block 37 is fixedly connected to a limiting shaft 35. The limiting shaft 35 passes through the connecting groove 42. The upper end of the limiting shaft 35 passes through the first hemispherical block 37. The limiting shaft 35 is fixedly connected to the first hemispherical block 37. The upper end of the limiting shaft 35 rotates through the water storage tank 10 and the air box 8. Multiple fan blades 36 are fixedly connected to the limiting shaft 35. The fan blades 36 are located in the air box 8. A sealing element is provided between the limiting shaft 35 and the water storage tank 10. A sealing element is also provided between the limiting shaft 35 and the air box 8. The water storage tank 10 is connected to the limiting groove 39. A water inlet pipe 9 is fixedly connected to the outer surface of the water storage tank 10.

[0027] The inlet pipe 9 is connected to the water storage tank 10. The end of the inlet pipe 9 furthest from the water storage tank 10 is connected to an external water source, such as a faucet. A PLC controller is installed on the support block 7, and a solenoid valve is installed on the inlet pipe 9 to control the flow of water. A level sensor is installed inside the water storage tank 10. The PLC controller is electrically connected to the solenoid valve on the inlet pipe 9 and to the level sensor. The level sensor transmits the water level in the water storage tank 10 to the PLC controller. Initially, the water level in the water storage tank 10 is within a certain threshold. In humidification mode, when the water level in the water storage tank 10 falls below a certain threshold, the PLC controller activates the solenoid valve on the inlet pipe 9 to open it, thus filling the water storage tank 10 with water. Once the water level in the water storage tank 10 exceeds a certain threshold, the PLC controller closes the solenoid valve on the inlet pipe 9, ensuring that there is always water in the water storage tank 10.

[0028] In this scheme, the fan equipment 1 is a tunnel jet fan. The tunnel jet fan uses an impeller to accelerate air to form a high-speed jet, which is existing technology and will not be described in detail here.

[0029] In this scheme, the fan equipment 1 draws air into the fan equipment 1 through the air inlet 2. After the air is accelerated by the impeller in the fan equipment 1, it is discharged at high speed through the air outlet 3. The air enters the support block 7 through the air outlet 3, the telescopic hose 4, and the fixed pipe 5. Some of the air enters the air box 8 through the positioning pipe 6. The air entering the air box 8 drives the fan blade 36 to rotate around the limiting shaft 35, which in turn drives the limiting shaft 35 and the fan blade 36 to rotate. The rotation of the limiting shaft 35 synchronously drives the hemispherical block 1 37 and the hemispherical block 2 43 to rotate.

[0030] like Figures 7 to 10As shown, the dispersing mechanism includes multiple water-dispersing steel wires 44. A vertical shaft 46 is fixedly connected to one end of each water-dispersing steel wire 44 away from the second hemispherical block 43. A vertical shaft 46 is also fixedly connected to one end of the second hemispherical block 43 away from the limiting shaft 35. Multiple support wires 49 are fixed to the water-dispersing steel wires 44. The ends of the support wires 49 away from the water-dispersing steel wires 44 are fixedly connected to the vertical shaft 46. A triangular stable structure is formed between the support wires 49 and the vertical shaft 46. Openings are made on both the first hemispherical block 37 and the second hemispherical block 43. There are multiple water guide channels 38. The water guide channels 38 on the hemispherical block 37 are aligned with the water guide channels 38 on the hemispherical block 43. The outer surface of the water baffle plate 40 is provided with multiple water outlet channels 41. The water outlet channels 41 extend out of the upper and lower surfaces of the water baffle plate 40. The water guide channels 38 can be aligned with the water outlet channels 41. The hemispherical block 43 is provided with multiple water guide channels 50. The end of the water-distributing steel wire 44 away from the hemispherical block 43 is fixedly connected to a support ring 47. The water guide channels 50 are connected to the water guide channels 38.

[0031] like Figure 11 As shown, the dispersing mechanism also includes multiple hydrophobic wires 48, which are fixedly connected to the support ring 47. Multiple water-dispersing balls 51 are fixedly connected inside the water guide channel 2 50, and an inclined air guide plate 45 is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the fixed pipe 1 5.

[0032] In this design, the air guide plate 45 is inclinedly installed on the fixed pipe 5. The air guide plate 45 has a blocking effect on the air, allowing more air to enter the positioning pipe 6.

[0033] When the start-up fan device 1 drives the limit shaft 35 to rotate, the rotation of the limit shaft 35 synchronously drives the first hemisphere block 37 and the second hemisphere block 43 to rotate. The rotation of the second hemisphere block 43 synchronously drives the water distribution wire 44, the support wire 49, the vertical shaft 46, the support ring 47, and the drainage wire 48 to rotate. During the rotation of the first hemisphere block 37 and the second hemisphere block 43, the water guide channel 38 can be aligned with the water outlet channel 41. When the water guide channel 38 is aligned with the water outlet channel 41, the water in the water storage tank 10 flows into the support block 7 through the water guide channel 38 on the first hemisphere block 37, the water outlet channel 41, and the water guide channel 38 on the second hemisphere block 43. When the water guide channel 38 is misaligned with the water outlet channel 41, the water baffle 40 can prevent the water in the water storage tank 10 from flowing into the support block 7 through the water guide channel 38. When water in the water storage tank 10 enters the support block 7 through the water guide channel 38, the water-distributing wire 44, support wire 49, and water-draining wire 48 rotate around the axis of the limiting shaft 35. Therefore, when the water drips into the support block 7 through the hemispherical block 43, it will collide with the rotating water-distributing wire 44, support wire 49, and water-draining wire 48. The water-distributing wire 44, support wire 49, and water-draining wire 48 further disperse the water droplets into water mist. When the air is discharged through the fixed pipe 12, it carries out more water mist. On the one hand, it can increase the air humidity, and on the other hand, when there are more and larger water mist particles in the air, it can play a dust suppression role.

[0034] In this scheme, the second water guide channel 50 has a circumferential guiding effect on the water in the first water guide channel 38, which can guide the flow of water so that the water can flow into the second water guide channel 50 through the first water guide channel 38. The water will collide with the water distribution ball 51 set in the second water guide channel 50, and then fall after colliding with the water distribution ball 51. This allows the water to fall and distribute in a more uniform way after colliding with the water distribution ball 51, thereby improving the uniformity and stability of water and air humidification, and further improving the practicality of the underground ventilation system.

[0035] A solenoid valve is also installed on the positioning tube 6, and the PLC controller is electrically connected to the solenoid valve on the positioning tube 6. In this scheme, when it is necessary to stop humidifying the air, the PLC controller needs to control the solenoid valve on the water inlet pipe 9 to close. As the second hemispherical block 43 and the first hemispherical block 37 rotate, the water in the water storage tank 10 will be gradually drained, thereby ending the humidification of the air. When the solenoid valve on the inlet pipe 9 closes to stop filling the water tank 10 and the water in the water tank 10 is gradually emptied, if the solenoid valve on the positioning pipe 6 is in the open state, the water-spreading steel wire 44 and the support wire 49 will agitate the air, further breaking up the water droplets in the air and making the water mist in the air finer, thereby improving the humidification effect of the air. In addition, the air blows the fan blade 36 to rotate, which can humidify the support block 7 without using additional power, making it more energy-efficient and environmentally friendly. However, if the PLC controller closes the solenoid valve on the positioning pipe 6 at this time, the air cannot enter the air box 8 through the positioning pipe 6, thereby stopping the drive of the water-spreading steel wire 44 and the support wire 49 through the fan blade 36.

[0036] In this scheme, depending on the length and space conditions of the underground tunnel and passage, multiple support blocks 7 and their drive and dispersing mechanisms need to be installed. The humidification level of the air can be controlled by controlling the solenoid valves on the water inlet pipes 9. For example, if a high humidity is needed, multiple solenoid valves on the water inlet pipes 9 are opened to store water in the water storage tank 10 to increase the humidity inside the support block 7. Conversely, when a lower humidity is needed, the solenoid valves on the water inlet pipes 9 are closed. Furthermore, the particle size of the water mist can be controlled by controlling the on / off state of the solenoid valves on the positioning pipes 6. When the water mist particle size is large, it can be used to reduce dust in the air. Conversely, when the water mist particle size in the air is small, it can be used to humidify the air, thereby further improving the practicality of the underground ventilation system.

[0037] like Figure 2 and Figure 11 As shown, the air conditioning mechanism includes a rotating groove 19 that runs through the mounting block 14. The rotating groove 19 and the support pipe 13 are on the same axis and are connected. A rotating pipe 16 is slidably connected inside the rotating groove 19. A sealing ring is provided inside the rotating groove 19. One end of the rotating pipe 16 extends out of the outer side of the mounting block 14 through the rotating groove 19 and is fixedly connected to a fixing frame 15. The fixing frame 15 is connected to the rotating pipe 16. Multiple mounting grooves 22 are provided on the side of the mounting block 14 near the fixing frame 15. The multiple mounting grooves 22 are arranged in a circular array with the axis of the rotating pipe 16 as the center. Multiple electric actuators 21 are fixedly installed in the mounting grooves 22. The telescopic end of the electric actuator 21 is fixedly connected to a fixing ball 52. A fixing ring groove 53 is provided on the side of the fixing frame 15 near the mounting block 14. The fixing ring groove 53 is aligned with the axis of the rotating pipe 16. The output end of the electric actuator 21 is inserted into the fixing ring groove 53, and the fixing ball 52 is slidably connected in the fixing ring groove 53.

[0038] like Figures 1 to 6 As shown, the air conditioning mechanism also includes two guide rail grooves 20 opened at the inner end of the rotating groove 19. The guide rail grooves 20 are spirally arranged. Two positioning seats 17 are fixedly connected to the outer surface of the rotating tube 16. A rolling groove 24 is opened on the side of the positioning seat 17 away from the rotating tube 16. A positioning ball 18 is rolled in the rolling groove 24. The two positioning seats 17 can be inserted into the two guide rail grooves 20 respectively. The positioning ball 18 extends out of the outer side of the positioning seat 17 through the rolling groove 24 and can abut against the inner wall of the side of the guide rail groove 20 away from the rotating tube 16.

[0039] like Figures 2 to 6 As shown, the air regulating mechanism also includes multiple support rods 27 rotatably connected between the inner walls of opposite sides of the fixed frame 15. A guide vane 32 is fixedly connected to the support rod 27. The fixed frame 15 is provided with two mounting cavities located on both sides of the guide vane 32. The two ends of the support rod 27 are respectively rotatably inserted into the two mounting cavities. A rotating arm 26 is fixedly connected to both ends of the support rod 27. The rotating arm 26 is located in the mounting cavity. A vertical rod 25 is rotatably connected to the end of the rotating arm 26 away from the support rod 27. There are two vertical rods 25. A connecting block 30 is fixedly connected to the side of the vertical rod 25 near the guide vane 32. A sliding groove 34 is opened on the side of the connecting block 30 near the guide vane 32.

[0040] like Figures 1 to 6 As shown, the air conditioning mechanism also includes two rotating rods 28 rotatably connected to the inner walls of opposite sides of the fixed frame 15. The ends of the rotating rods 28 away from the guide vanes 32 penetrate into the mounting cavity and are fixedly connected to a support arm 31. A fixing block 33 is fixedly connected to the side of the support arm 31 away from the rotating rods 28. The fixing block 33 can be inserted into the sliding groove 34 and is slidably connected to the sliding groove 34. The fixing block 33 is cylindrical. A fan 29 is fixedly connected to the end of the rotating rods 28 away from the support arm 31.

[0041] In this design, when air is discharged through the rotating pipe 16, the airflow drives the fan 29 to rotate. The rotation of the fan 29 synchronously drives the rotating rod 28 and the support arm 31 to rotate. The rotation of the support arm 31 synchronously drives the fixed block 33 to rotate around the axis of the rotating rod 28. During this rotation, the fixed block 33 slides within the sliding groove 34, thereby causing the connecting block 30 to move up and down. The connecting block 30 synchronously drives the vertical rod 25 to move up and down. Because the end of the rotating arm 26 furthest from the support rod 27 is connected to the vertical rod... The vertical rod 25 is rotated, so the vertical rod 25 moves up and down, causing the rotating arm 26 to reciprocate around the support rod 27. The rotating arm 26 simultaneously drives the support rod 27 to reciprocate. The support rod 27 drives the guide vane 32 to swing back and forth around the axis of the support rod 27. The reciprocating swing of the guide vane 32 can increase the airflow coverage, thereby making the oxygen content and humidity in the underground space more uniform, further improving the efficiency of air exchange. Moreover, it does not require the use of electricity, making it more energy-efficient, thus improving the practicality and working efficiency of the underground ventilation system.

[0042] When the electric actuator 21 is activated, it moves the fixed frame 15 closer to or further away from the mounting block 14. Initially, the fixed frame 15 is in contact with the mounting block 14. When the electric actuator 21 pushes the fixed frame 15 away from the mounting block 14, the fixed frame 15 moves the rotating tube 16. During the movement of the rotating tube 16, the positioning seat 17 slides within the guide rail groove 20. As the positioning seat 17 slides along the guide rail groove 20, it causes the rotating tube 16 to rotate around the axis of the rotating groove 19. This causes the rotating tube 16 to move and rotate simultaneously. The rotating tube 16 causes the fixed frame 15 to rotate and move, thereby adjusting the blowing direction of the adjusting guide vane 32. This allows the blowing direction from the rotating tube 16 to better meet the current underground ventilation needs, further improving the airflow coverage and increasing the efficiency of air exchange, thus enhancing the applicability and flexibility of the underground ventilation system.

[0043] In this design, the flexible hose 4 is a PVC flexible ventilation pipe. The PVC flexible ventilation pipe has a tough and wear-resistant plastic sheet (such as PVC double-sided reinforced fiber mesh) as the pipe body, and has properties such as flame resistance and high impact resistance. The water-diffusing steel wire 44, support wire 49 and water-draining wire 48 are relatively thin rigid iron wires.

[0044] A method of using an underground ventilation system, the method comprising: S1: Install or fix the fan equipment 1 on the ground or outside the tunnel, fix the support block 7 to the bottom or side wall of the underground space, fix the mounting block 14 to the place where ventilation is required, and fix the telescopic hose 4 to the bottom or side wall of the underground space with bolts and clamps. S2: Start the fan equipment 1 to deliver outside air to the underground area that needs ventilation through the air outlet 3, telescopic hose 4, fixed pipe 1 5, support block 7, fixed pipe 2 12, support pipe 13, mounting block 14 and fixed frame 15. S3: When the PLC controller controls the solenoid valve of the positioning tube 6 to open, some air enters the air box 8 through the positioning tube 6, driving the fan blade 36 to rotate around the axis of the limit shaft 35. The limit shaft 35 simultaneously drives the first hemisphere block 37 and the second hemisphere block 43 to rotate, so that the water in the water storage tank 10 can flow into the support block 7 through the water guide channel 38 on the first hemisphere block 37, the water outlet channel 41, and the water guide channel 38 on the second hemisphere block 43. The water is then cut into water mist by the rotation of the water-distributing steel wire 44, the support wire 49, and the water-draining wire 48, and transported to the underground space along with the air, thereby increasing the humidity of the underground space. S4: When air is delivered through the rotating pipe 16 and the fixed frame 15, it blows the fan 29 to rotate, thereby causing the guide vane 32 to swing, and thus the guide vane 32 swings and is discharged. S5: Activate the electric actuator 21 to push the fixed frame 15 closer to or further away from the mounting block 14. During this process, the fixed frame 15 is rotated, thereby adjusting the air direction of the air guide vane 32 to be transported into the underground space, so that the air direction when it is transported into the underground space can meet the space requirements.

[0045] The foregoing has shown and described the basic principles, main features, and advantages of the present invention. Those skilled in the art should understand that the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments, and various changes and modifications can be made without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention, all of which fall within the scope of protection claimed by the present invention. The scope of protection of the present invention is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. An underground ventilation system, comprising a fan unit (1), characterized in that: The fan equipment (1) is provided with an air outlet (3). A support block (7) is provided on the side of the air outlet (3) away from the fan equipment (1). A fixed pipe (5) is fixedly connected to the side of the support block (7) close to the fan equipment (1). An installation block (14) is provided on the side of the support block (7) away from the fan equipment (1). A fixed pipe (12) is fixedly connected to the side of the support block (7) close to the installation block (14). A support pipe (13) is fixedly connected to the side of the installation block (14) close to the support block (7). A telescopic hose (4) is fixedly connected between the support pipe (13) and the fixed pipe (12) and between the fixed pipe (5) and the air outlet (3). A limiting groove (39) communicating with the inside of the support block (7) is provided on one side of the outer surface of the support block (7). A water-blocking plate (40) is fixedly connected in the limiting groove (39). Hemisphere block one (37) and hemisphere block two (43) are rotatably arranged in the limiting groove (39). A water storage tank (10) is fixedly connected to one side of the support block (7). A bellows (8) is provided on the side of the water storage tank (10) away from the support block (7). A drive mechanism that can drive hemisphere block two (43) and hemisphere block one (37) to rotate is provided on the bellows (8). The mounting block (14) is equipped with an air conditioning mechanism that can adjust the airflow direction; The second hemispherical block (43) is equipped with a dispersing mechanism that can disperse water into water mist.

2. The underground ventilation system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The driving mechanism includes a positioning tube (6) fixedly connected to one side of the fixed tube (5), the end of the positioning tube (6) away from the fixed tube (5) is fixedly connected to the air box (8), an installation tube (11) is fixedly connected to the fixed tube (2), the end of the installation tube (11) away from the fixed tube (2) is fixedly connected to the side of the air box (8) away from the positioning tube (6), and an air inlet (2) is provided on the side of the fan equipment (1) away from the air outlet (3).

3. The underground ventilation system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The drive mechanism also includes a connecting groove (42) through which the water baffle (40) is opened. The upper side of the first hemispherical block (37) extends into the water storage tank (10). The side of the second hemispherical block (43) near the first hemispherical block (37) is fixedly connected to a limiting shaft (35). The limiting shaft (35) passes through the connecting groove (42). The upper end of the limiting shaft (35) passes through the first hemispherical block (37). The limiting shaft (35) is fixedly connected to the first hemispherical block (37). The upper end of the limiting shaft (35) rotates through the water storage tank (10) and the air box (8). Multiple fan blades (36) are fixedly connected to the limiting shaft (35). A water inlet pipe (9) is fixedly connected to the outer surface of the water storage tank (10).

4. An underground ventilation system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The dispersing mechanism includes multiple water-dispersing steel wires (44). A vertical shaft (46) is fixedly connected to one end of each water-dispersing steel wire (44) away from the second hemisphere (43). A vertical shaft (46) is fixedly connected to one end of the second hemisphere (43) away from the limiting shaft (35). Multiple support wires (49) are fixed to the water-dispersing steel wires (44). The ends of the support wires (49) away from the water-dispersing steel wires (44) are fixedly connected to the vertical shaft (46). (37) and hemisphere 2 (43) are provided with multiple water guide grooves 1 (38). The water guide grooves 1 (38) on hemisphere 1 (37) are aligned with the water guide grooves 1 (38) on hemisphere 2 (43). Multiple water outlet grooves (41) are provided on the outer surface of the water baffle (40). Multiple water guide grooves 2 (50) are provided on hemisphere 2 (43). A support ring (47) is fixedly connected to one end of the water-diffusing steel wire (44) away from hemisphere 2 (43).

5. An underground ventilation system according to claim 4, characterized in that: The dispersing mechanism also includes multiple hydrophobic wires (48), which are fixedly connected to the support ring (47). Multiple water-dispersing balls (51) are fixedly connected inside the water guide channel (50), and an inclined air guide plate (45) is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the fixed pipe (5).

6. An underground ventilation system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The air conditioning mechanism includes a rotating groove (19) that runs through the mounting block (14). The rotating groove (19) is connected to the support pipe (13). A rotating pipe (16) is slidably connected in the rotating groove (19). One end of the rotating pipe (16) extends out of the outside of the mounting block (14) through the rotating groove (19) and is fixedly connected to a fixed frame (15). Multiple electric push rods (21) are fixedly installed in the mounting groove (22). A fixed ball (52) is fixedly connected to the telescopic end of the electric push rod (21). A fixed ring groove (53) is opened on the side of the fixed frame (15) near the mounting block (14). The output end of the electric push rod (21) is inserted into the fixed ring groove (53). The fixed ball (52) is slidably connected in the fixed ring groove (53).

7. An underground ventilation system according to claim 6, characterized in that: The air regulating mechanism also includes two guide rail grooves (20) opened at the inner end of the rotating groove (19). The guide rail grooves (20) are spirally arranged. Two positioning seats (17) are fixedly connected to the outer surface of the rotating tube (16). A rolling groove (24) is opened on the side of the positioning seat (17) away from the rotating tube (16). A positioning ball (18) is rolled in the rolling groove (24). The two positioning seats (17) can be inserted into the two guide rail grooves (20) respectively.

8. An underground ventilation system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The air regulating mechanism also includes multiple support rods (27) rotatably connected between the inner walls of opposite sides of the fixed frame (15). A guide vane (32) is fixedly connected to the support rod (27). Two mounting cavities are provided on the fixed frame (15). The two ends of the support rod (27) are rotatably inserted into the two mounting cavities respectively. A rotating arm (26) is fixedly connected to both ends of the support rod (27). A vertical rod (25) is rotatably connected to the end of the rotating arm (26) away from the support rod (27). A connecting block (30) is fixedly connected to the side of the vertical rod (25) near the guide vane (32). A sliding groove (34) is opened on the side of the connecting block (30) near the guide vane (32).

9. An underground ventilation system according to claim 8, characterized in that: The air conditioning mechanism also includes two rotating rods (28) rotatably connected to the inner walls of opposite sides of the fixed frame (15). The end of the rotating rod (28) away from the guide vane (32) passes through the mounting cavity and is fixedly connected to a support arm (31). A fixing block (33) is fixedly connected to the side of the support arm (31) away from the rotating rod (28). The fixing block (33) can be inserted into the sliding groove (34). The fixing block (33) is slidably connected to the sliding groove (34). A fan (29) is fixedly connected to the end of the rotating rod (28) away from the support arm (31).

10. A method of using an underground ventilation system according to any one of claims 1-9, characterized in that: The method of use includes: S1: Install and fix the fan equipment (1) on the ground, fix the support block (7) to the top or side wall of the underground space, and fix the mounting block (14) in place where ventilation is required; S2: Start the fan equipment (1) to deliver outside air to the underground ventilation area through the air outlet (3), telescopic hose (4), fixed pipe one (5), support block (7), fixed pipe two (12), support pipe (13), mounting block (14) and fixed frame (15); S3: When the positioning tube (6) is connected to the fixed tube (5), some air enters the wind box (8) through the positioning tube (6) and drives the fan blade (36) to rotate around the axis of the limiting shaft (35). This causes the limiting shaft (35) to drive the first hemisphere (37) and the second hemisphere (43) to rotate simultaneously. The water in the water storage tank (10) can flow into the support block (7) through the water guide channel (38) on the first hemisphere (37), the water outlet channel (41), and the water guide channel (38) on the second hemisphere (43). The water is cut into water mist by the rotation of the water-spreading wire (44), the support wire (49), and the water-draining wire (48) and transported to the underground space along with the air to increase the humidity of the underground space. S4: When air is delivered through the rotating pipe (16) and the fixed frame (15), it blows the fan (29) to rotate, thereby driving the guide vane (32) to swing, and thus the air is discharged with the swinging guide vane (32); S5: Start the electric actuator (21) to push the fixed frame (15) closer to or further away from the mounting block (14), and in the process drive the fixed frame (15) to rotate, which can adjust the wind direction of the air being transported to the underground space.

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