A fast design method of low sidelobe reflector antenna for complex requirements
By adopting a reconstructed focal point-based design method for ring-focal reflector antennas, we can quickly adapt to irregular structures with large aspect ratios, achieve low sidelobes and high efficiency, solve the problems of low efficiency and long cycle in traditional design methods, and realize high-performance antenna design in ultra-wideband.
Patent Information
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Applications(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- JING LIN CHENGDU SCI & TECH
- Filing Date
- 2026-05-19
- Publication Date
- 2026-06-19
AI Technical Summary
Traditional reflector antenna design methods suffer from low design efficiency and difficulty in achieving balanced performance under complex requirements such as large aspect ratio, ultra-wide bandwidth, and low sidelobes. Furthermore, they involve long design cycles, cumbersome iterations, and difficulty in meeting full-band performance targets.
A reconstructed focal plane antenna design method based on reconstructed focal planes is adopted. Through the calculation of focal planes with separate long and short axes, the construction of focal plane distribution characteristics, the dynamic reconstruction of focal planes at the full illumination angle, the solution of coordinates of the main and sub-reflectors, and the iterative optimization of parameters, it can quickly adapt to irregular structures with large long and short axis ratios and achieve low sidelobes and high efficiency.
High-performance antenna design can be completed within 2-3 hours, with ultra-wideband internal sidelobe suppression >15dB and antenna efficiency maintained at around 50%, significantly improving design efficiency and performance balance. It is suitable for the engineering development of spaceborne and ground-based low sidelobe reflector antennas.
Smart Images
Figure CN122241925A_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] This invention relates to the field of antenna design technology, and in particular to a rapid design method for low sidelobe reflector antennas for complex applications. Background Technology
[0002] Reflector antennas are widely used in satellite communication, radar detection, deep space communication, and terrestrial microwave communication systems. In practical engineering applications, due to limitations in installation space, carrier structure, wind load, and system layout, reflector antennas often adopt irregular structures with significant differences in their major and minor axis dimensions.
[0003] Traditional ring-focal reflector antenna design methods, based on fixed focal points and standard rotationally symmetric surfaces for parameter matching and simulation iterations, suffer from the following technical drawbacks when facing complex requirements such as "large aspect ratio irregular structures," "ultra-wideband operating frequency bands," and "low sidelobes and high suppression": 1. Fixed focal points cannot match asymmetric illumination paths along the long and short axes, making it difficult to meet sidelobe level specifications across the entire frequency band; 2. Sidelobe suppression is heavily coupled with antenna efficiency, and reducing sidelobes can easily lead to a significant drop in efficiency; 3. Design relies on full-wave simulation ergonomic optimization, which is time-consuming and iterative, typically requiring several days to weeks; 4. Ultra-wideband inward directional... Figure 1 Poor consistency makes it difficult to balance high and low frequency performance.
[0004] Therefore, there is an urgent need for a reflector antenna design method that can quickly adapt to irregular structures with large aspect ratios, achieve low sidelobes and limited efficiency loss in ultra-wideband. Summary of the Invention
[0005] This invention provides a rapid design method for low sidelobe reflector antennas for complex requirements, in order to solve the technical problems of low design efficiency and difficulty in balancing performance under complex requirements such as large aspect ratio, ultra-wideband, and low sidelobe.
[0006] This invention is achieved using the following technical solution: a rapid design method for low sidelobe reflector antennas applied to complex requirements, comprising the following steps: S1: Calculate the initial focal coordinates of the long axis surface based on the structural parameters of the long axis surface, and calculate the half angle of the main reflecting surface and the distance from the feed source to the vertex of the sub-reflecting surface; S2: Calculate the initial focal coordinates of the minor axis plane based on the principle of equal optical path length; S3: Introduce coefficient sets to construct normalized focal distribution features; S4: Maintain With a fixed focal spot, the distribution of focal spots on the major and minor axes is dynamically reconstructed across the entire illumination angle range. S5: Calculate the coordinates of the primary reflecting surface and the secondary reflecting surface; S6: Iteratively adjust the boundary focus and coefficient set to converge and obtain a reflector antenna that meets the low sidelobe index.
[0007] Furthermore, the method for calculating the initial focus coordinates of the major axis plane is as follows: ; ; in, The x-coordinate of the initial focus of the major axis plane; The initial ordinate of the major axis plane; The diameter of the secondary reflector on the long axis; The angle of inclination of the major axis ellipse.
[0008] Furthermore, the inclination angle of the major axis ellipse The calculation method is as follows: ; in, This is the feed half-illumination angle; The diameter of the principal reflecting surface on the long axis; Focal length; This refers to the focal diameter ratio.
[0009] Furthermore, the method for calculating the half-angle of the primary reflecting surface is as follows: ; in, Focal diameter ratio; The half-angle of the main reflecting surface; The method for calculating the distance from the feed source to the vertex of the sub-reflector is as follows: ; in, This is the distance from the feed source to the vertex of the sub-reflector.
[0010] Furthermore, the method for calculating the initial focus coordinates of the minor axis plane is as follows: ; ; in, The x-coordinate of the initial focus of the minor axis plane; The initial focus ordinate of the minor axis plane; The diameter of the short-axis sub-reflector; Inclination angle of the minor axis ellipse.
[0011] Furthermore, the method for constructing the normalized focus distribution features is as follows: Introducing coefficient groups Constructing focal distribution features: Central focal point: , Represents the rounding function; Left side distribution: , ; Right side distribution: , ; Complete distribution characteristics: ; in, A normalized array representing the position; The central focal point; The location is on the left side; The location is on the right side; Characteristic proximity Sparsity of focal distribution on one side; Characteristic proximity Sparsity of focal distribution on one side.
[0012] Furthermore, the dynamic reconstruction of the focal point distribution along the major and minor axes within the full illumination angle range includes: Long axis focal point distribution: ; ; Minor axial focal point distribution: ; ; in, for The corresponding major and minor axis boundary focal points; The off-axis angle of the focus, This is the feed half-illumination angle; The x-coordinate of the initial focus of the major axis plane; The initial ordinate of the major axis plane; The x-coordinate of the initial focus of the minor axis plane; The initial focus ordinate of the minor axis plane; This is a normalized array representing the position.
[0013] Furthermore, step S5 specifically involves: calculating the coordinates of the main reflecting surface across the entire aperture range based on the reconstructed focal distribution and the transition function. Coordinates of the sub-reflector .
[0014] Furthermore, step S6 specifically involves manually adjusting the boundary focus and coefficients, repeating steps S3 to S5, and observing the antenna sidelobes, gain, and efficiency performance to quickly converge to the optimal solution that meets the specifications.
[0015] Furthermore, the design method is applicable to the design of antennas with large aspect ratios, ultra-wideband, and low sidelobe structures.
[0016] The beneficial effects of this invention are as follows: This invention addresses the complex engineering requirements of high aspect ratio, ultra-wide bandwidth, and low sidelobes by employing a reconstructed focal point-based ring-focal reflector antenna scheme. This scheme achieves this through separate focal point calculation along the long and short axes, construction of focal point distribution characteristics, dynamic reconstruction of the focal point at the full illumination angle, solution of the coordinates of the main and sub-reflectors, and iterative optimization of parameters, while maintaining... By fixing the focal point to ensure that the center vertex of the sub-reflector is coplanar, a precise fit of the asymmetric structure can be achieved.
[0017] This invention enables the design of high-performance antennas within 2-3 hours, achieving sidelobe suppression of >15dB in ultra-wideband while maintaining antenna efficiency at around 50%, significantly improving design efficiency and performance balance. It is suitable for the engineering development of spaceborne and ground-based low-sidelobe reflector antennas. Attached Figure Description
[0018] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on the structures shown in these drawings without creative effort.
[0019] Figure 1 This is a flowchart of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a diagram showing the geometric relationship of the reflecting surface; Figure 3 Example of a focal distribution curve; Figure 4 Example of a two-dimensional curve for a reflecting surface; Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the ring-focal reflector structure in Example 1; Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the ring focal reflector structure in Example 2. Detailed Implementation
[0020] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. The components of the embodiments of the present invention described and shown in the accompanying drawings can generally be arranged and designed in various different configurations.
[0021] It should be noted that similar labels and letters in the following figures indicate similar items. Therefore, once an item is defined in one figure, it does not need to be further defined and explained in subsequent figures.
[0022] The following detailed description of some embodiments of the present invention is provided in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. Unless otherwise specified, the following embodiments and features can be combined with each other.
[0023] See Figure 1 , Figure 2 A rapid design method for low sidelobe reflector antennas for complex applications is proposed. The method adopts a ring-focal reflector antenna structure based on reconstructed focus. The rapid design of low sidelobe reflector antennas is achieved through initial focus calculation with separate major and minor axes, focus distribution feature construction, dynamic focus reconstruction at full illumination angle, solving for the coordinates of the main and secondary reflectors, and iterative optimization of parameters.
[0024] Specifically, the rapid design method for the low sidelobe reflector antenna includes the following steps: S1: Calculate the initial focal coordinates of the long axis surface based on the structural parameters of the long axis surface, and calculate the half angle of the main reflecting surface and the distance from the feed source to the vertex of the sub-reflecting surface; S2: Calculate the initial focal coordinates of the minor axis plane based on the principle of equal optical path length; S3: Introduce coefficient sets to construct normalized focal distribution features; S4: Keep the focus fixed and dynamically reconstruct the focus distribution of the long and short axes within the entire illumination angle range; S5: Calculate the coordinates of the primary reflecting surface and the secondary reflecting surface; S6: Iteratively adjust the boundary focus and coefficient set to converge and obtain a reflector antenna that meets the low sidelobe index.
[0025] In this embodiment, step S1 specifically includes: Calculate the initial focus coordinates based on the structural parameters of the major axis surface. : ; ; in, The diameter of the secondary reflector on the long axis; ; This is the feed half-illumination angle; The diameter of the principal reflecting surface on the long axis; Focal length ; This refers to the focal diameter ratio.
[0026] Half angle of the principal reflecting surface: ; Distance from feed source to sub-reflector vertex: .
[0027] In this embodiment, step S2 specifically includes: Calculation of the initial focal coordinates of the minor axis based on the principle of equal optical path length : ; ; Among them, the diameter of the short-axis sub-reflector ; Inclination angle of the minor axis ellipse .
[0028] Half angle of the principal reflecting surface on the short axis: ; Distance from feed source to edge of sub-reflector: .
[0029] In this embodiment, step S3 specifically includes: Introducing coefficient groups Constructing focal distribution features: central focal position , This represents the rounding function.
[0030] Left side distribution , ; right-side distribution , ; Complete distribution characteristics .
[0031] in, This represents the location of the central focus; (generally ), representing proximity Sparsity of focal distribution on one side; (generally ), representing proximity Sparsity of focal distribution on one side.
[0032] See Figure 3 , Figure 3 Described Time corresponding focus coordinates , Time corresponding focus coordinates , The distribution of focus at time, and in Figure 4 In the middle, it is described Figure 3 The diagram shows the principal and secondary inverse coordinates mapped by the focal point. It includes the focal coordinates, principal inverse coordinates, secondary inverse coordinates, feed coordinates, and optical path.
[0033] Therefore, in this embodiment, the recommended initial value is: .
[0034] In this embodiment, step S4 specifically includes: Dynamically reconstruct the focal distribution of the full illumination angle ,Keep The focal coordinates remain unchanged, ensuring that the center vertices of the secondary reflective surfaces on the major and minor axes are coplanar.
[0035] Long axis focal point: ; ; Short axis focal point: ; ; in, for The corresponding boundary focus.
[0036] In this embodiment, step S5 specifically involves: calculating the coordinates of the main reflecting surface across the entire aperture range based on the reconstructed focal distribution and the transition function. Coordinates of the sub-reflector .
[0037] In this embodiment, step S6 specifically involves: manually adjusting the boundary focus. and coefficient Repeat steps S3 to S5 and observe the antenna sidelobes, gain, and efficiency performance. The solution can be quickly converged to the optimal solution that meets the requirements.
[0038] This invention is applicable to complex engineering requirements for antennas with large aspect ratios, ultra-wideband, and low sidelobe characteristics. For example, it is suitable for irregularly shaped reflectors with a long axis of 760mm and a short axis of 410mm. It achieves sidelobe suppression >15dB in the 10.7GHz~31GHz frequency band and antenna efficiency of approximately 50%. The overall design cycle is controlled within 2~3 hours.
[0039] For details, see Figure 5 , Figure 6 ,in, Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the ring-focal reflector structure in Example 1, including the main reflector and sub-reflector models. This example has a major axis diameter of 760mm, a minor axis diameter of 410mm, an operating frequency band of 10.7GHz~31GHz, an antenna sidelobes greater than 15dB, and an antenna efficiency of around 50%. Figure 6 Example 2 shows a schematic diagram of the annular focal plane reflector structure, including models of the primary and secondary reflectors. This example has an aperture with both major and minor axes of 800mm, an operating frequency of 35.55GHz, and sidelobe suppression greater than 30dB beyond ±2° of the radiation pattern.
[0040] Based on the above embodiments, the present invention has at least the following technical effects: 1. High adaptability: Perfectly adaptable to irregularly shaped reflector antennas with large aspect ratios, solving the design challenges of asymmetric structures; 2. Excellent low sidelobe performance: Ultra-wideband inner sidelobe suppression greater than 15dB, and directional sidelobe suppression can reach over 30dB; 3. Stable efficiency: While achieving low sidelobes, the antenna efficiency remains around 50%, with limited efficiency loss; 4. Fast design speed: With skilled application, the design can be completed in 2-3 hours, improving efficiency by more than 80% compared to traditional methods; 5. High engineering practicality: Fewer parameters, intuitive iteration, and mature initial values, suitable for mass engineering applications.
[0041] For the foregoing embodiments, in order to simplify the description, they are all described as a series of actions. However, those skilled in the art should understand that this application is not limited to the described order of actions, because according to this application, some steps can be performed in other orders or simultaneously. Furthermore, those skilled in the art should also understand that the embodiments described in the specification are preferred embodiments, and the actions involved are not necessarily essential to this application.
[0042] The above embodiments describe the basic principles, main features, and advantages of the present invention. Those skilled in the art should understand that the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments. The embodiments and descriptions in the specification are merely illustrative of the principles of the invention. Modifications and variations made by those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention should be within the protection scope of the appended claims.
Claims
1. A rapid design method for low sidelobe reflector antennas applied to complex requirements, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: S1: Calculate the initial focal coordinates of the long axis surface based on the structural parameters of the long axis surface, and calculate the half angle of the main reflecting surface and the distance from the feed source to the vertex of the sub-reflecting surface; S2: Calculate the initial focal coordinates of the minor axis plane based on the principle of equal optical path length; S3: Introduce coefficient sets to construct normalized focal distribution features; S4: Maintain With a fixed focal spot, the distribution of focal spots on the major and minor axes is dynamically reconstructed across the entire illumination angle range. S5: Calculate the coordinates of the primary reflecting surface and the secondary reflecting surface; S6: Iteratively adjust the boundary focus and coefficient set to converge and obtain a reflector antenna that meets the low sidelobe index.
2. The rapid design method for low sidelobe reflector antennas applied to complex requirements as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The method for calculating the initial focus coordinates of the major axis plane is as follows: ； ； in, The x-coordinate of the initial focus of the major axis plane; The initial ordinate of the major axis plane; The diameter of the secondary reflector on the long axis; The angle of inclination of the major axis ellipse.
3. The rapid design method for low sidelobe reflector antennas applied to complex requirements as described in claim 2, characterized in that, The inclination angle of the major axis ellipse The calculation method is as follows: ； in, This is the feed half-illumination angle; The diameter of the principal reflecting surface on the long axis; Focal length; This refers to the focal diameter ratio.
4. The rapid design method for low sidelobe reflector antennas applied to complex requirements as described in claim 2, characterized in that, The method for calculating the half-angle of the primary reflecting surface is as follows: ； in, Focal diameter ratio; The half-angle of the main reflecting surface; The method for calculating the distance from the feed source to the vertex of the sub-reflector is as follows: ； in, This is the distance from the feed source to the vertex of the sub-reflector.
5. The rapid design method for low sidelobe reflector antennas applied to complex requirements as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The method for calculating the initial focus coordinates of the minor axis is as follows: ； ； in, The x-coordinate of the initial focus of the minor axis plane; The initial focus ordinate of the minor axis plane; The diameter of the short-axis sub-reflector; Inclination angle of the minor axis ellipse.
6. The rapid design method for low sidelobe reflector antennas applied to complex requirements as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The method for constructing the normalized focus distribution features is as follows: Introducing coefficient groups Constructing focal distribution features: Central focal point: , Represents the rounding function; Left side distribution: , ; Right side distribution: , ; Complete distribution characteristics: ; in, A normalized array representing the position; The central focal point; The location is on the left side; The location is on the right side; Characteristic proximity Sparsity of focal distribution on one side; Characteristic proximity Sparsity of focal distribution on one side.
7. The rapid design method for low sidelobe reflector antennas applied to complex requirements as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The dynamically reconstructed focal distribution of the major and minor axes within the full illumination angle range includes: Long axis focal point distribution: ； ； Minor axial focal point distribution: ； ； in, for The corresponding major and minor axis boundary focal points; The off-axis angle of the focus, This is the feed half-illumination angle; The x-coordinate of the initial focus of the major axis plane; The initial ordinate of the major axis plane; The x-coordinate of the initial focus of the minor axis plane; The initial focus ordinate of the minor axis plane; This is a normalized array representing the position.
8. The rapid design method for low sidelobe reflector antennas applied to complex requirements as described in claim 1, characterized in that, Step S5 specifically involves: calculating the coordinates of the main reflecting surface across the entire aperture range based on the reconstructed focal distribution and the transition function. Coordinates of the sub-reflector .
9. The rapid design method for low sidelobe reflector antennas applied to complex requirements as described in claim 1, characterized in that, Step S6 specifically involves manually adjusting the boundary focus and coefficients, repeating steps S3 to S5, and observing the antenna sidelobes, gain, and efficiency performance to quickly converge to the optimal solution that meets the specifications.
10. A rapid design method for low sidelobe reflector antennas applied to complex requirements, as described in any one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that, The design method described is applicable to the design of antennas with large aspect ratios, ultra-wideband, and low sidelobe.