A safety diagnosis analysis method based on construction scaffold vibration characteristics

Abstract

This invention discloses a safety diagnosis and analysis method based on the vibration characteristics of construction scaffolding, belonging to the field of scaffolding monitoring technology. It includes: acquiring the construction plan of the scaffolding structure and common periodic and impact behavior data, denoted as analysis data; based on the analysis data, constructing a scaffolding structure model and a construction worker dynamics model using the finite element method and multi-rigid body dynamics method, respectively, denoted as the first model and the second model; generating the coupling connection relationship between the first and second models, and combining the first and second models to complete the construction of a coupled simulation model between construction workers and scaffolding, used to realize the dynamic interaction between construction workers and construction scaffolding; using the coupled simulation model to model the construction behavior within a preset time period, and collecting target vibration data at key points of the scaffolding during the simulation; determining whether the target vibration data contains safety hazards, and generating a safety diagnosis and analysis plan based on the results for output.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of scaffolding monitoring technology, specifically relating to a safety diagnosis and analysis method based on the vibration characteristics of construction scaffolding. Background Technology

[0002] In the construction industry, scaffolding, as a temporary support structure, is directly related to the safety of construction workers and the progress of the project. With the increase in high-rise buildings, long-span bridges and other projects, the working conditions of scaffolding are becoming increasingly complex. Vibration problems caused by dynamic loads such as rapid movement and frequent material transfer are becoming more and more prominent, becoming one of the important causes of scaffolding collapse accidents.

[0003] Currently, scaffolding erection schemes rely entirely on the past experience of construction workers, lacking a scientific mechanism for predicting vibration risks. In engineering practice, technicians typically determine core parameters such as upright spacing (usually 1.0-1.2m), scissor bracing density (one every 4-6 spans), and scaffolding plank laying method by referring to experience from similar projects, without considering the differences in specific projects such as floor height, load variations, and worker behavior characteristics. For example, in the erection of ground-supported scaffolding for high-rise buildings, simply applying the upright spacing of low-rise buildings based on experience can easily lead to insufficient overall rigidity of the scaffolding, resulting in excessive vibration amplitude under rapid movement conditions. Furthermore, for cantilevered scaffolding in bridge construction, experience-based scaffolding plank layouts may overlook the risk of localized impact vibration during material transfer.

[0004] More importantly, current technologies for assessing scaffold vibration safety largely rely on a post-construction testing approach, lacking proactive control capabilities. After implementation, vibration data must be collected manually using handheld vibration testers or by deploying simple sensors. If the peak vibration acceleration exceeds the safety threshold or resonance risk is detected, rework adjustments are necessary—such as increasing the density of uprights, adding diagonal bracing, or changing the type of scaffold boards. Each rework involves multiple steps, including upright removal, repositioning, and fastening of fasteners, averaging 2-3 days of work time. For large scaffolding projects with complex conditions, due to significant deviations in experience-based design, multiple reworks may occur, resulting in a total project delay of 10%-15%, while also causing material waste such as steel and fasteners, and increasing labor costs. Furthermore, post-construction assessments cannot predict vibration risks during dynamic conditions, such as sudden movements of workers or accelerated material handling, which still pose safety hazards. Summary of the Invention

[0005] In view of this, the purpose of this invention is to provide a safety diagnosis and analysis method based on the vibration characteristics of construction scaffolding, in order to solve the problem that the existing construction scaffolding erection adopts the "experience-based design + post-evaluation" model, which leads to extended construction time, increased project costs, and difficulty in ensuring vibration safety under dynamic working conditions.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution: A safety diagnosis and analysis method based on the vibration characteristics of construction scaffolding includes: Obtain construction plans for the scaffolding structure and data on common periodic and impact behaviors, and record them as analysis data; Based on the analysis data, the scaffolding structure model and the construction worker dynamics model were constructed using the finite element method and the multi-rigid body dynamics method, respectively, and are referred to as the first model and the second model. Generate the coupling connection between the first model and the second model, and combine the first model and the second model to complete the construction of the coupling simulation model between construction workers and scaffolding, which is used to realize the dynamic interaction between construction workers and construction scaffolding; The construction behavior was simulated within a preset time using a coupled simulation model, and target vibration data of key points of the scaffolding were collected during the simulation. Determine whether there are any safety hazards in the target vibration data, and generate a safety diagnosis and analysis plan based on the determination results.

[0007] Furthermore, the first model construction process includes: Obtain the construction plan of the scaffold structure input by the user in the client, and record it as the first plan; For the first approach, a pre-trained text extraction model is used to extract core data according to three categories: load-bearing system, connection nodes, and basic data. This yields three types of core data: scaffold component parameters, node connection data, and basic design data. After data preprocessing and integrity verification, a structured scaffolding foundation construction dataset is formed. Using a pre-selected finite element software, the scaffolding foundation construction dataset is used as input to complete the construction of the scaffolding structure model.

[0008] Furthermore, the second model construction process includes: Acquire common construction behavior data and classify the behavior categories to obtain periodic behavior data and impact behavior data; among them, periodic behavior data includes at least the walking behavior and tool operation behavior of construction workers on construction scaffolding, and impact behavior data includes at least the material transfer behavior and material falling behavior between construction workers on construction scaffolding. Convert periodic behavior data into joint angle-time curves recognizable by dynamic simulation, and convert impact behavior data into load-time curves recognizable by dynamic simulation; Using pre-selected human multi-rigid-body model building software, the initial human body model is built according to the standard body data of the construction workers entered by the user in the client. The degrees of freedom are defined by joint constraints. At the same time, the joint angle-time curve and load-time curve are imported into the initial model to realize the driving of periodic or impact movements, thus completing the construction of the construction worker dynamic model.

[0009] Furthermore, the process of constructing the coupled simulation model includes: Obtain the co-simulation interface between the pre-selected finite element software and the human multi-rigid-body model building software; The coupling connection between the first model and the second model is established through a co-simulation interface; the coupling connection includes at least contact coupling, load coupling and vibration transmission coupling. By utilizing the coupling connection relationship, the first model and the second model are coupled to realize the dynamic interaction of periodic and impact behaviors between construction workers and construction scaffolding, thus completing the construction of a coupled simulation model between construction workers and scaffolding.

[0010] Furthermore, a safety diagnosis and analysis method based on the vibration characteristics of construction scaffolding also includes obtaining contact coupling dynamic parameters, load coupling dynamic parameters and vibration transmission coupling dynamic parameters to optimize the coupling connection relationship, and using the optimized coupling connection relationship to complete the construction of the coupling dynamic simulation model; The calculation of contact coupling dynamic parameters includes: in, Indicates dynamic contact stiffness. Indicates static contact stiffness. , This represents the preset speed influence coefficient. Indicates the walking speed of the construction workers; Indicates the dynamic friction coefficient. Represents the static friction coefficient. This represents the preset step frequency influence coefficient. Indicates gait frequency; The calculation of load coupling dynamic parameters includes: in, The real-time dynamic load represents periodic behavior, where m represents the mass of the construction worker and g represents the acceleration due to gravity. Indicates real-time vertical acceleration. Indicates the dynamic load factor. Indicates the load variation. Indicates the time interval of load variation. This represents the partial factor for the control combination of variable load effects in the building structure load code. This indicates the weight of the load variation rate on the load. This represents the maximum impact load that induces impact behavior. The relative height of material transfer during impact behavior; The calculation of vibration transmission coupling dynamic parameters includes: in, Indicates the frequency of data interaction. Indicates the real-time peak acceleration. This indicates the preset reference acceleration. This indicates a delay in joint adjustment response. This represents the preset acceleration sensitivity coefficient.

[0011] Furthermore, a safety diagnosis and analysis method based on the vibration characteristics of construction scaffolding also includes defining emergency conditions and normal conditions; Emergency working conditions include emergency periodic behavior conditions where the gait frequency of construction workers is not less than 2.5Hz, the walking speed is not less than 1.2m / s, and the dynamic load factor is not less than 2; and emergency periodic behavior conditions where the load variation is not less than 5kg, the load variation interval is not greater than 2s, and the second peak acceleration at the moment of impact is not less than 25mm / s² when impact occurs. 2 The condition is an emergency impact-induced operating condition; otherwise, it is a normal operating condition. If the conditions for the simulated construction behavior meet the conditions for the simulated emergency working conditions, the coupled dynamic simulation model is invoked to complete the simulation of the construction behavior; otherwise, the coupled simulation model is invoked to complete the simulation of the construction behavior.

[0012] Furthermore, the process of acquiring target vibration data includes: When the target vibration data is collected for simulation of periodic behavior, at least the acceleration time history curves of the top of the upright and the nodes of the crossbar need to be collected, and the first peak acceleration, root mean square acceleration and the first vibration frequency are extracted from the acceleration time history curves. When the target vibration data is for simulation of impact behavior, it is necessary to collect at least the second peak acceleration at the moment of impact and the second vibration frequency and attenuation coefficient within the following 10 seconds.

[0013] Furthermore, determine whether the target vibration data poses any safety hazards, including: Obtain pre-defined safety hazard assessment criteria, including at least high response risk assessment criteria, resonance risk assessment criteria, and impact risk assessment criteria; The high response risk assessment criterion is when the first peak acceleration is greater than 15 mm / s². 2Or root mean square acceleration greater than 5 mm / s² 2 It was determined at that time that there was a high-response security risk; The criterion for judging resonance risk is that when the ratio of the first or second vibration frequency to the first natural frequency of the construction scaffold is between 0.8 and 1.2, it is considered that there is a potential resonance safety hazard; the first natural frequency of the construction scaffold is obtained by modal analysis of the scaffold structure model. The criterion for assessing impact risk is when the second peak acceleration generated at the moment of impact is greater than 30 mm / s². 2 If the vibration duration calculated by combining the attenuation coefficient is greater than 2 seconds, it is determined that there is a potential safety hazard due to impact.

[0014] The beneficial effects of this invention are as follows: 1. This invention abandons the traditional experience-based design mode. By constructing a coupled simulation model of construction workers and construction scaffolding, it performs vibration response pre-simulation of the scaffolding structure construction plan before scaffolding erection. At the same time, based on the simulation results, it accurately judges vibration safety hazards and generates diagnostic solutions, listing various key indicators in detail to help users optimize construction plans. This helps reduce the rework rate of erection plans, solves the core defect of existing technologies where experience-based design is prone to deviations in actual erection, improves the one-time erection success rate of erection plans, and greatly improves the safety level of construction scaffolding after actual erection and application.

[0015] 2. The dynamic coupling simulation model proposed in this invention addresses the issue that existing technologies cannot predict the vibration risks of dynamic working conditions during construction, such as sudden movement of workers or accelerated material transfer, in post-construction evaluations. It adds definitions for emergency and normal working conditions and adopts corresponding simulation models for different working conditions to enhance the reliability of simulation results and further improve the safety of construction scaffolding after actual erection and application.

[0016] Other advantages, objectives, and features of the invention will be set forth in the following description and will be apparent to those skilled in the art in some respects, or may be learned by practice of the invention. The objects and other advantages of the invention may be realized and obtained by means of the structures particularly pointed out in the written description and the accompanying drawings.

[0017] The technical solution of the present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. Attached Figure Description

[0018] The accompanying drawings are provided to further illustrate the invention and form part of the specification. They are used in conjunction with embodiments of the invention to explain the invention and do not constitute a limitation thereof. In the drawings: Figure 1 This is a flowchart of a safety diagnosis and analysis method based on the vibration characteristics of construction scaffolding in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a flowchart illustrating the construction process of a coupled simulation model in a safety diagnosis and analysis method based on the vibration characteristics of construction scaffolding, as described in an embodiment of the present invention. Figure 3 This is a flowchart illustrating the target vibration data acquisition process in a safety diagnosis and analysis method based on the vibration characteristics of construction scaffolding, as described in an embodiment of the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0019] The preferred embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. It should be understood that the preferred embodiments described herein are for illustration and explanation only and are not intended to limit the present invention.

[0020] like Figure 1 As shown, this invention proposes a safety diagnosis and analysis method based on the vibration characteristics of construction scaffolding, including: S101. Obtain the construction plan of the scaffolding structure and common periodic and impact behavior data, and record them as analysis data; S102. Based on the analysis data, the scaffolding structure model and the construction worker dynamics model were constructed using the finite element method and the multi-rigid-body dynamics method, respectively, and are referred to as the first model and the second model. S103. Generate the coupling connection relationship between the first model and the second model, and combine the first model and the second model to complete the construction of the coupling simulation model between construction workers and scaffolding, which is used to realize the dynamic interaction between construction workers and construction scaffolding. S104. Use a coupled simulation model to simulate construction behavior within a preset time period and collect target vibration data of key points of the scaffolding during the simulation. S105. Determine whether there are any safety hazards in the target vibration data, and generate and output a safety diagnosis analysis plan based on the judgment result; The working principle of the above technical solution is as follows: First, the data acquisition module acquires and analyzes the data: the scaffolding structure construction plan can be imported through BIM model (such as Revit format) or uploaded as PDF text, and must include core parameters such as upright spacing (e.g., 0.8-1.5m), horizontal bar spacing (1.2-1.8m), and scissor bracing angle (45° to 60°); periodic / impact behavior data can be collected on-site using VICON optical motion capture equipment and piezoelectric sensors, or by calling the behavior database supporting the "Safety Regulations for High-Altitude Operations in Building Construction" JGJ80, covering walking speed (0.6-1.5m / s), material transfer mass (3-20kg), etc.; then, the finite element method is used to analyze the scaffolding parameters. The data is transformed into a computable scaffolding structure model (first model), and the construction behavior data is transformed into a human dynamics model (second model) using the multi-rigid-body dynamics method. Then, based on Hertzian contact theory, the coupling connection relationship (contact, load, vibration transmission) between the two models is established to construct a coupled simulation model that reflects dynamic interaction. Based on this model, the behavior within a typical construction cycle of 10-30 minutes is simulated, and vibration data of key scaffolding points (500mm from the top of the upright and the connection node between the horizontal bar and the upright) is collected simultaneously. Finally, the target vibration data is compared with the preset safety standards to determine whether there are hidden dangers such as high response, resonance, and impact, and a diagnostic solution output containing "hidden danger type - risk level - rectification measures (such as densifying the uprights and adding diagonal bracing)" is generated. The beneficial effects of the above technical solution are as follows: By abandoning the traditional experience-based design mode, and constructing a coupled simulation model of construction workers and construction scaffolding, the vibration response of the scaffolding structure construction plan is pre-simulated before the scaffolding is erected. At the same time, based on the simulation results, vibration safety hazards are accurately identified and diagnostic plans are generated. The key indicators are listed in detail to help users optimize the construction plan. This helps reduce the rework rate of the erection plan, solves the core defect of existing technology where experience-based design is prone to deviations in actual erection, improves the one-time erection success rate of the erection plan, and greatly improves the safety level of the construction scaffolding after actual erection and application.

[0021] In one embodiment, the first model construction process includes: Obtain the construction plan of the scaffold structure input by the user in the client, and record it as the first plan; For the first approach, a pre-trained text extraction model is used to extract core data according to three categories: load-bearing system, connection nodes, and basic data. This yields three types of core data: scaffold component parameters, node connection data, and basic design data. After data preprocessing and integrity verification, a structured scaffolding foundation construction dataset is formed. Using a pre-selected finite element software, the scaffolding foundation construction dataset is used as input to complete the construction of the scaffolding structure model; The working principle of the above technical solution is as follows: First, the user-input scaffolding structure construction plan (first plan) is obtained, preferably in text format. Then, a pre-trained text extraction model is called (the model training preferably adopts the BERT+CRF architecture, and the training data includes 5000+ historical construction plans and industry documents such as the "Safety Technical Specification for Steel Pipe Scaffolding with Couplers in Building Construction" JGJ130). Core data is extracted according to three categories: load-bearing system (uprights, horizontals, scissor braces), connection nodes (coupler type, bolt preload), and foundation data (foundation bearing capacity characteristic value, concrete strength grade). The extracted data is preprocessed: outliers (such as upright spacing exceeding the specification range of 0.8-1.5m) are removed using the 3σ criterion. When missing values ​​exist, they are filled in according to engineering standards (such as JGJ130 standard) (after filling, feedback needs to be given to the user when the diagnostic plan is output), and the integrity checklist (containing 23 mandatory parameters) is used to ensure that there are no key missing values, forming a structured scaffolding foundation construction dataset. This dataset is then imported into a pre-selected finite element software (such as ANSYS). Mechanical and MidasGen software can automatically generate scaffolding structure models that include component section properties, node constraints (such as fixed hinges and sliding supports), and material parameters (Q235 steel elastic modulus 206 GPa) through the APDL parametric modeling script. The beneficial effects of the above technical solution are as follows: By using the above technical solution, the core data of the construction plan can be automatically classified and extracted using a text extraction model, which is more efficient than manual extraction; at the same time, the classification and extraction logic can ensure data structuring through label mapping, avoiding the information chaos of traditional manual sorting; and the data preprocessing stage adopts standard-oriented outlier / missing value handling, which provides an accurate framework for subsequent coupled simulation and reduces simulation distortion caused by model parameter deviation.

[0022] In one embodiment, the second model construction process includes: Acquire common construction behavior data and classify the behavior categories to obtain periodic behavior data and impact behavior data; among them, periodic behavior data includes at least the walking behavior and tool operation behavior of construction workers on construction scaffolding, and impact behavior data includes at least the material transfer behavior and material falling behavior between construction workers on construction scaffolding. Convert periodic behavior data into joint angle-time curves recognizable by dynamic simulation, and convert impact behavior data into load-time curves recognizable by dynamic simulation; Using pre-selected human multi-rigid-body model building software, the initial human body model is built according to the standard body data of construction workers input by the user in the client. The degree of freedom is defined by joint constraints. At the same time, the joint angle-time curve and load-time curve are imported into the initial model to realize the driving of periodic or impact movements and complete the construction of the construction worker dynamic model. The working principle of the above technical solution is as follows: The VICON Vantage optical motion capture system (sampling frequency 100Hz) collects periodic behaviors such as walking and drilling operations of several construction workers of different body types. Piezoelectric force sensors (range 0-5kN, accuracy ±0.5%FS) collect impact load data on material transfer and the dropping of 1-5kg materials, classifying the behaviors as "periodic / impact". Periodic behavior data is converted into joint angle-time curves recognizable by dynamic simulation (e.g., knee joint angle range -5°~120°, sampling interval 0.01s), while impact behavior data is converted into load-time curves (e.g., peak load of 1-3kN during material transfer, duration 0.02-0.05s). Using pre-selected human multi-rigid-body modeling software (e.g., AnyBody Modeling System, ADAMS Human), the system collects standard body data of construction workers input by the user (referencing GB / T "Anthropometric Dimensions of Chinese Adults"). 10,000 (height 160-185cm, weight 55-85kg, or based on user input data) to construct an initial human body model; define the constraints of each joint degree of freedom (3 rotational degrees of freedom for the hip joint and 1 rotational degree of freedom for the knee joint), and then import the joint angle / load-time curves as the driving source to complete a dynamic model that can reproduce construction behavior (the model contains 15 rigid bodies and 20 degrees of freedom). The beneficial effects of the above technical solution are as follows: By utilizing behavior classification and curve transformation, unstructured construction behavior data (such as videos and raw force sensor signals) can be transformed into parameterized driving curves that can be recognized by dynamics software, thus solving the industry pain point of difficulty in quantifying and modeling human movements and loads; the model built based on national standard human body dimensions and joint constraints can accurately reproduce the periodic (such as walking with a step frequency of 1.5-2.0Hz) and impact (such as the transfer of 20kg material) movements of different construction workers through driving curves; and it provides a reliable human dynamics basis for the accurate calculation of the dynamic interaction between construction workers and scaffolding in subsequent coupled simulations.

[0023] Please see Figure 2 In one embodiment, the coupled simulation model construction process includes: S201. Obtain the co-simulation interface between the pre-selected finite element software and the human multi-rigid body model construction software. S202. Establish the coupling connection between the first model and the second model through the co-simulation interface; wherein the coupling connection includes at least contact coupling, load coupling and vibration transmission coupling; S203. By utilizing the coupling connection relationship, the first model and the second model are coupled to realize the dynamic interaction of periodic and impact behaviors between construction workers and construction scaffolding, and to complete the construction of the coupled simulation model between construction workers and scaffolding. The working principle of the above technical solution is as follows: First, obtain the co-simulation interface between the finite element software and the human body multi-rigid body modeling software: for example, ANSYS and ADAMS establish a TCP / IP real-time communication interface through the Co-Simulation module, with a data exchange frequency ≥100Hz; through this interface, establish three types of coupling connections between the first model and the second model: contact coupling is modeled using Hertzian contact theory (defining the contact stiffness between the footboard and the shoe sole as 5×10). 5 The load coupling transmits the dynamic load of the human body on the scaffold through force sensor data mapping (such as the vertical impact force of 1.2-2.0 times the body weight when walking). The vibration transmission coupling realizes the influence of the scaffold vibration on the human posture through displacement feedback (such as the human knee joint angle adaptively adjusting ±3° when the scaffold vibration amplitude is ≥5mm). Based on the coupling connection relationship, the coupling integration of the two models is completed in the collaborative simulation environment. Real-time interaction between human action drive and scaffold vibration response is realized through time step synchronization (simulation step size 0.001s), and a static coupling simulation model between construction workers and scaffold is constructed. The beneficial effects of the above technical solution are as follows: it solves the defect that traditional single models (only the frame or only the human body) cannot simulate the interaction between "human and frame". Through standardized co-simulation interface and multi-physics coupling relationship (contact, load, vibration transmission), it realizes millisecond-level real-time calculation of dynamic interaction process; compared with the simulation results of isolated models (such as only the frame is subjected to uniformly distributed load), the root mean square error (RMSE) of vibration data output by coupled models (such as peak acceleration at the top of the pole) with the actual construction scenario is reduced, which greatly improves the accuracy of vibration characteristic analysis.

[0024] In one embodiment, the method further includes obtaining contact coupling dynamic parameters, load coupling dynamic parameters and vibration transmission coupling dynamic parameters to optimize the coupling connection relationship, and using the optimized coupling connection relationship to complete the construction of the coupling dynamic simulation model. Contact coupling dynamic parameter calculation is used to adapt to changes in human movement speed and frequency. The contact coupling dynamic parameter calculation includes: in, Indicates dynamic contact stiffness. Indicates static contact stiffness. , This represents the preset velocity influence coefficient, obtained by fitting multiple sets of experimental data, and is preferably 0.2 s / m. This indicates the walking speed of construction workers, preferably 0.6-1.5 m / s; Indicates the dynamic friction coefficient. This represents the static friction coefficient, preferably 0.4. This represents the preset step frequency influence coefficient, preferably 0.1Hz. -1 , This indicates the gait frequency, preferably 1.5-2.5Hz; Load coupling dynamic parameter calculation is used to reflect the characteristics of dynamic loads and impact loads. The load coupling dynamic parameter calculation includes: in, The real-time dynamic load represents periodic behavior, where m represents the mass of the construction worker (preferably 55-85 kg), and g represents the acceleration due to gravity. Indicates real-time vertical acceleration. Indicates the dynamic load factor. This indicates the load variation (typically 3-20 kg, based on statistics of construction equipment). This indicates the time interval of load variation (usually 1-5 seconds, based on statistics of material transfer process data and drop data). This represents the partial factor for the control combination of variable load effects in the Building Structure Load Code GB50009 (which is revised annually according to the latest requirements). The weight of the load variation rate on the load (in seconds per kg) is expressed as the measured dynamic load factor. With ∆m / ∆t (kg / s) as the dependent variable and ∆m / ∆t (kg / s) as the independent variable, multiple sets of experimental data were statistically analyzed and linear regression was used to calculate that "for every 1 kg / s increase in ∆m / ∆t, The average increase is determined This is used to reflect the intensity of the influence of the load variation rate on the load factor. This represents the maximum impact load that induces impact behavior. The relative height of material transfer during an impact event (in meters, including material transfer and material drop). The calculation of vibration transmission coupling dynamic parameters is used to adapt to the vibration response intensity. The calculation of vibration transmission coupling dynamic parameters includes: in, This indicates the data exchange frequency (the greater the real-time peak vibration acceleration, the more urgent the working condition, and the higher the data exchange frequency is required to ensure timely transmission of vibration data and avoid delays). This represents the real-time peak acceleration (m / s²). This represents the preset reference acceleration (preferably 0.15 m / s²). This represents the joint adjustment response delay (in seconds). The greater the real-time peak ground acceleration, the more severe the frame vibration, and the shorter the joint adjustment response delay is required. This is achieved through a formula. (adaptively shortens with vibration intensity) This indicates the preset acceleration sensitivity coefficient (preferably set to 5 s / m); The dynamic parameters are dynamically input into the coupling connection relationship in real time through the parameter update function of the co-simulation interface (the update frequency is preferably not less than 100Hz), thus completing the construction of the coupled dynamic simulation model. The beneficial effects of the above technical solution are as follows: based on the static coupled simulation model, three additional types of coupled dynamic parameters are calculated; these dynamic parameters are substituted into the coupling connection relationship to optimize the interaction logic between models and construct a coupled dynamic simulation model; the problem of simulation distortion of fixed parameter models under complex working conditions is solved; the introduction of dynamic parameters improves the response accuracy of the coupled model to emergency working conditions (such as rapid walking and heavy load transmission), ensures the accuracy of vibration data in extreme scenarios, and provides more accurate model support for safety diagnosis of emergency working conditions.

[0025] In one embodiment, a safety diagnostic analysis method based on the vibration characteristics of construction scaffolding further includes defining emergency conditions and normal conditions; Emergency working conditions include emergency periodic behavior conditions where the gait frequency of construction workers is not less than 2.5Hz, the walking speed is not less than 1.2m / s, and the dynamic load factor is not less than 2; and emergency periodic behavior conditions where the load variation is not less than 5kg, the load variation interval is not greater than 2s, and the second peak acceleration at the moment of impact is not less than 25mm / s² when impact occurs. 2 The condition is an emergency impact-induced operating condition; otherwise, it is a normal operating condition. It is worth noting that the definition of emergency conditions can be changed according to the specific requirements of the construction scenario; When the conditions for the simulated construction behavior meet the conditions for the simulated emergency working conditions, the coupled dynamic simulation model is invoked to complete the simulation of the construction behavior; otherwise, the coupled simulation model is invoked to complete the simulation of the construction behavior. The beneficial effects of the above technical solution are as follows: Addressing the inability of existing technologies to predict vibration risks during dynamic working conditions in post-construction evaluations, such as sudden movement of workers or accelerated material transfer, the solution adds definitions for emergency and normal working conditions. It employs corresponding simulation models for different working conditions, ensuring the accuracy of emergency condition simulations while avoiding resource waste caused by excessive calculations under normal conditions. Furthermore, it enhances the reliability of simulation results, balancing simulation efficiency and diagnostic accuracy, thereby further improving the safety of construction scaffolding after actual erection and application.

[0026] Please see Figure 3 In one embodiment, the process of acquiring target vibration data includes: S301. When the collected target vibration data is for periodic behavior simulation, at least the acceleration time history curves of the top of the upright and the nodes of the crossbar need to be collected, and the first peak acceleration, root mean square acceleration and the first vibration frequency are extracted from the acceleration time history curves. S302. When the target vibration data is collected for the simulation of impact behavior, at least the second peak acceleration at the moment of impact and the second vibration frequency and attenuation coefficient within the following 10 seconds need to be collected. The working principle of the above technical solution is as follows: To address the differences in vibration characteristics between periodic and impact behaviors, a differentiated acquisition strategy is adopted: During periodic behavior simulation, 3-5 key points are preset in the coupled simulation model (500mm from the top of the upright, the mid-span node of the crossbar, and the connection node between the scissor brace and the upright). Vibration acceleration time history curves are acquired using 2000Hz high-frequency sampling. The first peak acceleration (maximum vibration amplitude), root mean square acceleration (average vibration energy level), and first vibration frequency (dominant vibration frequency) are extracted through FFT Fourier transform. During impact behavior simulation, the second peak acceleration at the moment of impact (such as the contact point of the scaffolding material) is acquired, along with the second vibration frequency (dominant free vibration frequency) and attenuation coefficient (preferably calculated through exponential attenuation fitting) within the subsequent 10 seconds. The beneficial effects of the above technical solution are as follows: Based on the nature of the two types of vibration behavior (periodic vibration is steady-state vibration and impact vibration is transient vibration), a differentiated acquisition strategy is set to avoid parameter redundancy or missing key information in the traditional "one-size-fits-all" acquisition; Compared with the traditional method of only acquiring a single peak acceleration, the multi-parameter acquisition adopted by the above technical solution can effectively reflect the vibration characteristics from three dimensions: amplitude, frequency, and attenuation characteristics, providing reliable data support for subsequent safety hazard judgment.

[0027] In one embodiment, determining whether the target vibration data poses a safety hazard includes: Obtain pre-defined safety hazard assessment criteria, including at least high response risk assessment criteria, resonance risk assessment criteria, and impact risk assessment criteria; The high response risk assessment criterion is when the first peak acceleration is greater than 15 mm / s². 2 Or root mean square acceleration greater than 5 mm / s² 2 It was determined at that time that there was a high-response security risk; The criterion for judging resonance risk is that when the ratio of the first or second vibration frequency to the first natural frequency of the construction scaffold is between 0.8 and 1.2, it is considered that there is a potential resonance safety hazard; the first natural frequency of the construction scaffold is obtained by modal analysis of the scaffold structure model. The criterion for assessing impact risk is when the second peak acceleration generated at the moment of impact is greater than 30 mm / s². 2 If the vibration duration calculated by combining the attenuation coefficient is greater than 2 seconds, it is determined that there is a potential safety hazard due to impact risk. It is worth noting that the above judgment criteria are set in accordance with the "Standard for Safety Inspection of Construction Scaffolding" JGJ59 and the Vibration Engineering Code. Those skilled in the art can make adaptive modifications to the judgment criteria according to specific construction safety inspection requirements. The beneficial effects of the above technical solution are as follows: By adopting a systematic setting of three types of standards, the above technical solution can achieve multi-dimensional and comprehensive judgment of vibration hazards, solving the problem of traditional single standards missing complex hazards such as resonance and damping abnormalities; based on the resonance judgment of the natural frequency of the scaffold, combined with FFT frequency analysis, the risk of scaffold instability can be accurately identified; at the same time, this application adopts a standardized judgment process that is automatically executed by algorithms, which can avoid subjective bias of human judgment, and the final output diagnostic solution directly guides the optimization of scaffolding erection, thereby improving the one-time erection success rate of the erection scheme.

[0028] Finally, it should be noted that the above preferred embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention and are not intended to limit it. Although the present invention has been described in detail through the above preferred embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that various changes can be made to it in form and detail without departing from the scope defined by the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A safety diagnosis and analysis method based on the vibration characteristics of construction scaffolding, characterized in that, include: Obtain construction plans for the scaffolding structure and data on common periodic and impact behaviors, and record them as analysis data; Based on the analysis data, the scaffolding structure model and the construction worker dynamics model were constructed using the finite element method and the multi-rigid body dynamics method, respectively, and are referred to as the first model and the second model. Generate the coupling connection between the first model and the second model, and combine the first model and the second model to complete the construction of the coupling simulation model between construction workers and scaffolding, which is used to realize the dynamic interaction between construction workers and construction scaffolding; The construction behavior was simulated within a preset time using a coupled simulation model, and target vibration data of key points of the scaffolding were collected during the simulation. Determine whether there are any safety hazards in the target vibration data, and generate a safety diagnosis and analysis plan based on the determination results.

2. The safety diagnosis and analysis method based on the vibration characteristics of construction scaffolding according to claim 1, characterized in that, The first model construction process includes: Obtain the construction plan of the scaffold structure input by the user in the client, and record it as the first plan; For the first approach, a pre-trained text extraction model is used to extract core data according to three categories: load-bearing system, connection nodes, and basic data. This yields three types of core data: scaffold component parameters, node connection data, and basic design data. After data preprocessing and integrity verification, a structured scaffolding foundation construction dataset is formed. Using a pre-selected finite element software, the scaffolding foundation construction dataset is used as input to complete the construction of the scaffolding structure model.

3. The safety diagnosis and analysis method based on the vibration characteristics of construction scaffolding according to claim 1, characterized in that, The second model construction process includes: Acquire common construction behavior data and classify the behavior categories to obtain periodic behavior data and impact behavior data; among them, periodic behavior data includes at least the walking behavior and tool operation behavior of construction workers on construction scaffolding, and impact behavior data includes at least the material transfer behavior and material falling behavior between construction workers on construction scaffolding. Convert periodic behavior data into joint angle-time curves recognizable by dynamic simulation, and convert impact behavior data into load-time curves recognizable by dynamic simulation; Using pre-selected human multi-rigid-body model building software, the initial human body model is built according to the standard body data of the construction workers entered by the user in the client. The degrees of freedom are defined by joint constraints. At the same time, the joint angle-time curve and load-time curve are imported into the initial model to realize the driving of periodic or impact movements, thus completing the construction of the construction worker dynamic model.

4. The safety diagnosis and analysis method based on the vibration characteristics of construction scaffolding according to claim 1, characterized in that, The process of constructing a coupled simulation model includes: Obtain the co-simulation interface between the pre-selected finite element software and the human multi-rigid-body model building software; The coupling connection between the first model and the second model is established through a co-simulation interface; the coupling connection includes at least contact coupling, load coupling and vibration transmission coupling. By utilizing the coupling connection relationship, the first model and the second model are coupled to realize the dynamic interaction of periodic and impact behaviors between construction workers and construction scaffolding, thus completing the construction of a coupled simulation model between construction workers and scaffolding.

5. The safety diagnosis and analysis method based on the vibration characteristics of construction scaffolding according to claim 4, characterized in that, It also includes obtaining contact coupling dynamic parameters, load coupling dynamic parameters and vibration transmission coupling dynamic parameters to optimize the coupling connection relationship, and using the optimized coupling connection relationship to complete the construction of the coupling dynamic simulation model; The calculation of contact coupling dynamic parameters includes: in, Indicates dynamic contact stiffness. Indicates static contact stiffness. , This represents the preset speed influence coefficient. Indicates the walking speed of the construction workers; Indicates the dynamic friction coefficient. Represents the static friction coefficient. This represents the preset step frequency influence coefficient. Indicates gait frequency; The calculation of load coupling dynamic parameters includes: in, The real-time dynamic load represents periodic behavior, where m represents the mass of the construction worker and g represents the acceleration due to gravity. Indicates real-time vertical acceleration. Indicates the dynamic load factor. Indicates the load variation. Indicates the time interval of load variation. This represents the partial factor for the control combination of variable load effects in the building structure load code. This indicates the weight of the load variation rate on the load. This indicates the maximum impact load that causes impact behavior. The relative height of material transfer during impact behavior; The calculation of vibration transmission coupling dynamic parameters includes: in, Indicates the frequency of data interaction. Indicates the real-time peak acceleration. This indicates the preset reference acceleration. This indicates a delay in joint adjustment response. This represents the preset acceleration sensitivity coefficient.

6. A safety diagnosis and analysis method based on the vibration characteristics of construction scaffolding according to claim 4 or 5, characterized in that, It also includes defining emergency and normal operating conditions; Emergency working conditions include emergency periodic behavior conditions where the gait frequency of construction workers is not less than 2.5Hz, the walking speed is not less than 1.2m / s, and the dynamic load factor is not less than 2; and emergency periodic behavior conditions where the load variation is not less than 5kg, the load variation interval is not greater than 2s, and the second peak acceleration at the moment of impact is not less than 25mm / s² when impact occurs. 2 The condition is an emergency impact-induced operating condition; otherwise, it is a normal operating condition. If the conditions for the simulated construction behavior meet the conditions for the simulated emergency working conditions, the coupled dynamic simulation model is invoked to complete the simulation of the construction behavior; otherwise, the coupled simulation model is invoked to complete the simulation of the construction behavior.

7. The safety diagnosis and analysis method based on the vibration characteristics of construction scaffolding according to claim 1, characterized in that, The process of acquiring target vibration data includes: When the target vibration data is collected for simulation of periodic behavior, at least the acceleration time history curves of the top of the upright and the nodes of the crossbar need to be collected, and the first peak acceleration, root mean square acceleration and the first vibration frequency are extracted from the acceleration time history curves. When the target vibration data is for simulation of impact behavior, it is necessary to collect at least the second peak acceleration at the moment of impact and the second vibration frequency and attenuation coefficient within the following 10 seconds.

8. A safety diagnosis and analysis method based on the vibration characteristics of construction scaffolding according to claim 1 or 7, characterized in that, Determining whether the target vibration data poses a safety hazard includes: Obtain pre-defined safety hazard assessment criteria, including at least high response risk assessment criteria, resonance risk assessment criteria, and impact risk assessment criteria; The high response risk assessment criterion is when the first peak acceleration is greater than 15 mm / s². 2 Or root mean square acceleration greater than 5 mm / s² 2 It was determined at that time that there was a high-response security risk; The criterion for judging resonance risk is that when the ratio of the first or second vibration frequency to the first natural frequency of the construction scaffold is between 0.8 and 1.2, it is considered that there is a potential resonance safety hazard; the first natural frequency of the construction scaffold is obtained by modal analysis of the scaffold structure model. The criterion for assessing impact risk is when the second peak acceleration generated at the moment of impact is greater than 30 mm / s². 2 If the vibration duration calculated by combining the attenuation coefficient is greater than 2 seconds, it is determined that there is a potential safety hazard due to impact.

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